On January 19,2026,China's first structural interest rate cut of the year took effect.The People's Bank of China announced a 0.25 percentage point reduction in relending and rediscount rates,targeting key sect...On January 19,2026,China's first structural interest rate cut of the year took effect.The People's Bank of China announced a 0.25 percentage point reduction in relending and rediscount rates,targeting key sectors like small and micro enterprises(SMEs),technological innovation,and green transition.For the textile industry,where small and medium-sized enterprises account for over 90%of traditional manufacturing,the policy benefits will inject strong momentum into the high-quality development from multiple dimensions,including reduced financing costs,support for transformation funds,and expansion of foreign trade markets.展开更多
In this paper,it is first briefly described the basic situation and current policies of state owned enterprise reform in China.Then the major issues in the reform process are identified,the possible solutions in term...In this paper,it is first briefly described the basic situation and current policies of state owned enterprise reform in China.Then the major issues in the reform process are identified,the possible solutions in terms of reengineering stock equity structure and state share circulation are discussed,and finally some suggestions are made for the further state owned enterprise reform.Basing on the theory on the modern corporation system,relevant experiences of market economy nations and the practice of Chinese enterprise system reform.The approaches to determine the proportion of state share in the future corporations are proposed.Since the public ownership is not ideologically appropriate,the establishment of social security fund and mutual fund investment companies are suggested as new and acceptable pattern of public ownership.It is believed that these companies will be the major institutional shareholders in the future corporations.Their stock equity structure would mainly consist of institutional shareholders,which will be both consistent with international norms of modern corporations and with socialist public ownership with Chinese characteristics.展开更多
Conventionally,the spatially structured light beams produced by metasurfaces primarily highlight the polarization modulation of the beams propagating along the optical axis or the beams'spatial transmission trajec...Conventionally,the spatially structured light beams produced by metasurfaces primarily highlight the polarization modulation of the beams propagating along the optical axis or the beams'spatial transmission trajectory.In particular,along the optical axis,the polarization state is either constant or varies continuously in each output plane.Here,we develop innovative spatially structured light beams with continually changing polarization along any arbitrary spatial transmission trajectories.With tri-layer metallic metasurfaces,the geometric characteristics of each layer structure can be adjusted to modulate the phase and polarization state of the incident terahertz(THz)wave.The beam will converge to the predefined trajectory along several paths to generate a Bessel-like beam with longitudinal polarization changes.We demonstrate the versatility of the approach by designing two THz-band structured light beams with varying polarization states along the spatial helical transmission trajectory.Continuous linear polarization changes and linear polarization to right circular polarization(RCP)and back to linear polarization changes are realized respectively.The experimental results are basically consistent with the simulated results.Our proposal for arbitrary trajectory structured light beams with longitudinally varying polarization offers a practical method for continuously regulating the characteristics of spatial structured light beams with non-axial transmission.This technique has potential uses in optical encryption,particle manipulation,and biomedical imaging.展开更多
Based on the development of the non-governmental enterprises of science and technology in the past twenty years, this paper applied an interpretive structure model (ISM) to make a research on the regular development p...Based on the development of the non-governmental enterprises of science and technology in the past twenty years, this paper applied an interpretive structure model (ISM) to make a research on the regular development pattern of these enterprises and to probe into the interior development mechanism theoretically. The studying results supply ideas underlying the scientific decision for the governments at all levels and show the direction of the development of the non-governmental enterprises of science and technology in the future.展开更多
Enterprise capital structure means the various resources, combination and relationships of enterprise raising capital as well as means the short or long debts, shareholders＇ rights and interest, and the proportional ...Enterprise capital structure means the various resources, combination and relationships of enterprise raising capital as well as means the short or long debts, shareholders＇ rights and interest, and the proportional relationships among constituting items. Capitals raised by enterprise from different ways constitute the capital sum. Because of changing enterprise operation, the capital structure is also various and it cannot be in a fixed proportion. Therefore, we need to optimize the capital structure of state-owned enterprises so as to reach the rational resources allocation and make the national economy develop soundly and rapidly. How to optimize it？ This is a big problem that we have to face. Debt-to-equity swap at the moment is only the transition for correcting capital structure of state-owned enterprises. Decreasing stocks owned by state is the inevitable choice for optimizing enterprise stock right.展开更多
The research on Problems Chinese aviation enterprise face with,the detailed strategy of organizational structure change is putforwards,the method and model of performance evaluation on organizational structure change ...The research on Problems Chinese aviation enterprise face with,the detailed strategy of organizational structure change is putforwards,the method and model of performance evaluation on organizational structure change is described,and some possible patterns ofChinese organizational structure change are put forth. The conditions and step of implementation of flat organizational structure are re-searched.展开更多
Private enterprises are the "most dynamic organization" of Chinas economic and social development, which plays an important role in promoting economic development, promoting employment, promoting scientific ...Private enterprises are the "most dynamic organization" of Chinas economic and social development, which plays an important role in promoting economic development, promoting employment, promoting scientific and technological progress and many other fields. However, because of the existence of many problems, the private enterprise of our country now facing the financing restriction problem has not yet been well alleviated, if the existence continues, it is bound to have adverse consequences;This is not only related to the adjustment of the whole industry, but also related to the employment of college students, but also related to the development of domestic demand, and even related to the stability of the whole society. However, the development of Private Economy has a close relation with our economic system, especially the fiscal system. Therefore, from the perspective of finance, it is of practical significance as well as theoretical value to deeply analyze the restriction problems in the private economy.展开更多
This study empirically examines the impact,mechanisms,and heterogeneity of artificial intelligence(AI)on innovation in manufacturing enterprises,using data from Chinese A-share listed companies(2011-2022).Using fixed-...This study empirically examines the impact,mechanisms,and heterogeneity of artificial intelligence(AI)on innovation in manufacturing enterprises,using data from Chinese A-share listed companies(2011-2022).Using fixed-effects models and mediation analysis,we find that AI significantly drives innovation in manufacturing,a conclusion supported by various robustness checks.The development of AI enables manufacturing enterprises to achieve cost savings and workforce upgrading.Mechanism analysis identifies two key channels through which AI fosters innovation:increasing talent compensation and widening wage disparities.Heterogeneity tests reveal stronger innovation effects in non-state-owned enterprises,firms in the mature and declining stages,industries with lower concentration,and enterprises located in central and eastern China.Further analysis shows that AI’s impact on substantive innovation is non-linear and moderated by technological intensity and economic uncertainty.Based on these findings,we propose policy recommendations,including the steadfast promotion of intelligent transformation,stage-differentiated implementation,enhanced talent cultivation and policy support,and the accelerated realization of AI’s innovation potential.展开更多
An integration of organization culture in the conceptualization and development of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems （ERPs） is critical for an organization to reap potential benefits of the system. In this paper,...An integration of organization culture in the conceptualization and development of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems （ERPs） is critical for an organization to reap potential benefits of the system. In this paper, the authors present an analytical approach through the Structuration Theory： How a university can assess its culture for the purposes of design and development of the ERPs. The authors extend the Structuration Theory by integrating it with the Activity Theory to provide the means of evaluating the activities that the system is to perform. The modified Orlikowski model is applied to depict the relationship between institutional properties, human agents, and technology in the university setup and how this offers a more inclusive approach to ERP systems development and implementation.展开更多
The Sichuan Provincial ChangjiangEnterprise Company, the former ofSichuan Provincial ChangjiangEnterprise (Group) Holdings Co.(SPCEGHC), is a comprehensive foreigntrade enterprise under the direct leadershipof the pro...The Sichuan Provincial ChangjiangEnterprise Company, the former ofSichuan Provincial ChangjiangEnterprise (Group) Holdings Co.(SPCEGHC), is a comprehensive foreigntrade enterprise under the direct leadershipof the provincial government, mainly engagedin various kinds of foreign trade businessand as an agent for clients, involving deliveryof goods to foreign countries, the exchangeof technology, and the repair and leasing ofdomestic equipment. It was restructured tobecome an enterprise group in 1988, a"window" corporation on the province.展开更多
This paper examines the organisational hierarchies and decision making processes of two Chinese multinational enterprises operating in Vietnam—hina Luoyang Floating Glass Corp. （CLFG） and China TCL Holdings Co. Lt...This paper examines the organisational hierarchies and decision making processes of two Chinese multinational enterprises operating in Vietnam—hina Luoyang Floating Glass Corp. （CLFG） and China TCL Holdings Co. Ltd. （TCL）. For this study, research data were obtained from in-depth interviews of more than 20 government officials in E R. China and Vietnam, and managers and staff of those two enterprises. Results indicate that the organisational structures of the two enterprises are still vertical but complex, although moderate changes made to them post the nationwide economic reform of China. Consequently, decision making process follows a ＂top-down＂ model, sometimes, with insufficient grassroots information. Findings are discussed in the light of political, social and cultural milieu, and implications are drawn for the management of Chinese multinational enterprises operating in overseas markets. Both CLFG and China TCL are structured on task specialisations. However, departmentalisation in TCL＇s overseas division in head office is not only based on products, but also on geographical regions of markets. The organisational structure of TCL in Vietnam is less complex than the international division, but it is more centralised. Decision making at TCL combines more traditional Chinese business philosophy with modern western organisational characteristics. TCL has a strong western influence in its management style. However, some traditional characteristics such as ＂hero＂ leadership influence and political influence are involved with decision making at TCL. Amongst others, the transitional economy, social culture, poor management system and political sensitivity have been major elements influencing decision making. In the case of CLFG. some decisions have been made before proper information has been gathered and analysed.展开更多
Designed as a tool for business intelligence, resource planning is used to manage the essentials of a business by integrating processes into a single system. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solutions ensure all the...Designed as a tool for business intelligence, resource planning is used to manage the essentials of a business by integrating processes into a single system. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solutions ensure all the organizational, operational, and procedural structures interconnection, which can be both an advantage and a disadvantage, knowing that inefficiency within one structure will lead to inefficiency in others. The originality of the approach consists in the unitary analysis of all processes which shipbuilding involves (design;evaluation of ship construction possibilities;contracting of works;contracting of supply of materials and equipment;presentation of inspections for the completed works reception;delivery of the ship into operation). The systemic approach is a notable contribution by highlighting the input and output quantities for the analyzed processes. Also, where it was found relevant, the diagrams highlight the owners of the process and show the interconnectivity of the functional departments within a shipyard. Although it is obviously the expression of in-depth knowledge of the peculiarities of Romanian shipyards, the authors hope that the work can support any shipyard that may be interested in knowing these structures (as a logical scheme mandatory to design a custom ERP software system).展开更多
In the formation process of megacities,urban population is constantly gathering from other cities to large and medium-sized cities,and from the periphery of the city to the center of the city,inducing traffic congesti...In the formation process of megacities,urban population is constantly gathering from other cities to large and medium-sized cities,and from the periphery of the city to the center of the city,inducing traffic congestion,overload of main center,reduction of space efficiency,and other major urban diseases.Multi-center urban spatial structure is an effective way to solve the above negative externalities.It is helpful to evaluate the efficiency of the existing industrial distribution structure in the cities and make a reasonable estimate of the future enterprise growth by clarifying the interactive relationship between the development process of a city and the change of the employment center.Based on survey data of Shenzhen "Four Up-scale Enterprises" in 2017,threshold method is used to identify the existing employment centers of Shenzhen,and describe the characteristics of each employment center.Combining calculation of industry location entropy,below conclusions are obtained:①the double main centers (Futian-Luohu center and Nanshan center) in Shenzhen are obvious,and the weak multi-center has initially formed;②the development of the industry is relatively balanced in Futian-Luohu center,and Nanshan center has absolute advantage in information technology industry;③the employment centers outside the original special economic zone are mainly manufacturing industries,showing a highly specialized trend of industries,and cultivation of service industries is insufficient.展开更多
文摘On January 19,2026,China's first structural interest rate cut of the year took effect.The People's Bank of China announced a 0.25 percentage point reduction in relending and rediscount rates,targeting key sectors like small and micro enterprises(SMEs),technological innovation,and green transition.For the textile industry,where small and medium-sized enterprises account for over 90%of traditional manufacturing,the policy benefits will inject strong momentum into the high-quality development from multiple dimensions,including reduced financing costs,support for transformation funds,and expansion of foreign trade markets.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.79770 0 63)
文摘In this paper,it is first briefly described the basic situation and current policies of state owned enterprise reform in China.Then the major issues in the reform process are identified,the possible solutions in terms of reengineering stock equity structure and state share circulation are discussed,and finally some suggestions are made for the further state owned enterprise reform.Basing on the theory on the modern corporation system,relevant experiences of market economy nations and the practice of Chinese enterprise system reform.The approaches to determine the proportion of state share in the future corporations are proposed.Since the public ownership is not ideologically appropriate,the establishment of social security fund and mutual fund investment companies are suggested as new and acceptable pattern of public ownership.It is believed that these companies will be the major institutional shareholders in the future corporations.Their stock equity structure would mainly consist of institutional shareholders,which will be both consistent with international norms of modern corporations and with socialist public ownership with Chinese characteristics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12074094 and 121774271)the Sino-German Mobility Program of the Sino-German Center for Science Funding(Grant No.M-0225)the Capacity Building for Science&Technology Innovation-Fundamental Scientific Research Funds(Grant No.00820531120017).
文摘Conventionally,the spatially structured light beams produced by metasurfaces primarily highlight the polarization modulation of the beams propagating along the optical axis or the beams'spatial transmission trajectory.In particular,along the optical axis,the polarization state is either constant or varies continuously in each output plane.Here,we develop innovative spatially structured light beams with continually changing polarization along any arbitrary spatial transmission trajectories.With tri-layer metallic metasurfaces,the geometric characteristics of each layer structure can be adjusted to modulate the phase and polarization state of the incident terahertz(THz)wave.The beam will converge to the predefined trajectory along several paths to generate a Bessel-like beam with longitudinal polarization changes.We demonstrate the versatility of the approach by designing two THz-band structured light beams with varying polarization states along the spatial helical transmission trajectory.Continuous linear polarization changes and linear polarization to right circular polarization(RCP)and back to linear polarization changes are realized respectively.The experimental results are basically consistent with the simulated results.Our proposal for arbitrary trajectory structured light beams with longitudinally varying polarization offers a practical method for continuously regulating the characteristics of spatial structured light beams with non-axial transmission.This technique has potential uses in optical encryption,particle manipulation,and biomedical imaging.
文摘Based on the development of the non-governmental enterprises of science and technology in the past twenty years, this paper applied an interpretive structure model (ISM) to make a research on the regular development pattern of these enterprises and to probe into the interior development mechanism theoretically. The studying results supply ideas underlying the scientific decision for the governments at all levels and show the direction of the development of the non-governmental enterprises of science and technology in the future.
文摘Enterprise capital structure means the various resources, combination and relationships of enterprise raising capital as well as means the short or long debts, shareholders＇ rights and interest, and the proportional relationships among constituting items. Capitals raised by enterprise from different ways constitute the capital sum. Because of changing enterprise operation, the capital structure is also various and it cannot be in a fixed proportion. Therefore, we need to optimize the capital structure of state-owned enterprises so as to reach the rational resources allocation and make the national economy develop soundly and rapidly. How to optimize it？ This is a big problem that we have to face. Debt-to-equity swap at the moment is only the transition for correcting capital structure of state-owned enterprises. Decreasing stocks owned by state is the inevitable choice for optimizing enterprise stock right.
文摘The research on Problems Chinese aviation enterprise face with,the detailed strategy of organizational structure change is putforwards,the method and model of performance evaluation on organizational structure change is described,and some possible patterns ofChinese organizational structure change are put forth. The conditions and step of implementation of flat organizational structure are re-searched.
文摘Private enterprises are the "most dynamic organization" of Chinas economic and social development, which plays an important role in promoting economic development, promoting employment, promoting scientific and technological progress and many other fields. However, because of the existence of many problems, the private enterprise of our country now facing the financing restriction problem has not yet been well alleviated, if the existence continues, it is bound to have adverse consequences;This is not only related to the adjustment of the whole industry, but also related to the employment of college students, but also related to the development of domestic demand, and even related to the stability of the whole society. However, the development of Private Economy has a close relation with our economic system, especially the fiscal system. Therefore, from the perspective of finance, it is of practical significance as well as theoretical value to deeply analyze the restriction problems in the private economy.
基金funded by grants from the National Social Science Fund of China General Project“Research on Value Creation of New Quality Productive Forces in Manufacturing Driven by Digital Intelligence”(No.24BJY005).
文摘This study empirically examines the impact,mechanisms,and heterogeneity of artificial intelligence(AI)on innovation in manufacturing enterprises,using data from Chinese A-share listed companies(2011-2022).Using fixed-effects models and mediation analysis,we find that AI significantly drives innovation in manufacturing,a conclusion supported by various robustness checks.The development of AI enables manufacturing enterprises to achieve cost savings and workforce upgrading.Mechanism analysis identifies two key channels through which AI fosters innovation:increasing talent compensation and widening wage disparities.Heterogeneity tests reveal stronger innovation effects in non-state-owned enterprises,firms in the mature and declining stages,industries with lower concentration,and enterprises located in central and eastern China.Further analysis shows that AI’s impact on substantive innovation is non-linear and moderated by technological intensity and economic uncertainty.Based on these findings,we propose policy recommendations,including the steadfast promotion of intelligent transformation,stage-differentiated implementation,enhanced talent cultivation and policy support,and the accelerated realization of AI’s innovation potential.
文摘An integration of organization culture in the conceptualization and development of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems （ERPs） is critical for an organization to reap potential benefits of the system. In this paper, the authors present an analytical approach through the Structuration Theory： How a university can assess its culture for the purposes of design and development of the ERPs. The authors extend the Structuration Theory by integrating it with the Activity Theory to provide the means of evaluating the activities that the system is to perform. The modified Orlikowski model is applied to depict the relationship between institutional properties, human agents, and technology in the university setup and how this offers a more inclusive approach to ERP systems development and implementation.
文摘The Sichuan Provincial ChangjiangEnterprise Company, the former ofSichuan Provincial ChangjiangEnterprise (Group) Holdings Co.(SPCEGHC), is a comprehensive foreigntrade enterprise under the direct leadershipof the provincial government, mainly engagedin various kinds of foreign trade businessand as an agent for clients, involving deliveryof goods to foreign countries, the exchangeof technology, and the repair and leasing ofdomestic equipment. It was restructured tobecome an enterprise group in 1988, a"window" corporation on the province.
文摘This paper examines the organisational hierarchies and decision making processes of two Chinese multinational enterprises operating in Vietnam—hina Luoyang Floating Glass Corp. （CLFG） and China TCL Holdings Co. Ltd. （TCL）. For this study, research data were obtained from in-depth interviews of more than 20 government officials in E R. China and Vietnam, and managers and staff of those two enterprises. Results indicate that the organisational structures of the two enterprises are still vertical but complex, although moderate changes made to them post the nationwide economic reform of China. Consequently, decision making process follows a ＂top-down＂ model, sometimes, with insufficient grassroots information. Findings are discussed in the light of political, social and cultural milieu, and implications are drawn for the management of Chinese multinational enterprises operating in overseas markets. Both CLFG and China TCL are structured on task specialisations. However, departmentalisation in TCL＇s overseas division in head office is not only based on products, but also on geographical regions of markets. The organisational structure of TCL in Vietnam is less complex than the international division, but it is more centralised. Decision making at TCL combines more traditional Chinese business philosophy with modern western organisational characteristics. TCL has a strong western influence in its management style. However, some traditional characteristics such as ＂hero＂ leadership influence and political influence are involved with decision making at TCL. Amongst others, the transitional economy, social culture, poor management system and political sensitivity have been major elements influencing decision making. In the case of CLFG. some decisions have been made before proper information has been gathered and analysed.
文摘Designed as a tool for business intelligence, resource planning is used to manage the essentials of a business by integrating processes into a single system. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solutions ensure all the organizational, operational, and procedural structures interconnection, which can be both an advantage and a disadvantage, knowing that inefficiency within one structure will lead to inefficiency in others. The originality of the approach consists in the unitary analysis of all processes which shipbuilding involves (design;evaluation of ship construction possibilities;contracting of works;contracting of supply of materials and equipment;presentation of inspections for the completed works reception;delivery of the ship into operation). The systemic approach is a notable contribution by highlighting the input and output quantities for the analyzed processes. Also, where it was found relevant, the diagrams highlight the owners of the process and show the interconnectivity of the functional departments within a shipyard. Although it is obviously the expression of in-depth knowledge of the peculiarities of Romanian shipyards, the authors hope that the work can support any shipyard that may be interested in knowing these structures (as a logical scheme mandatory to design a custom ERP software system).
文摘In the formation process of megacities,urban population is constantly gathering from other cities to large and medium-sized cities,and from the periphery of the city to the center of the city,inducing traffic congestion,overload of main center,reduction of space efficiency,and other major urban diseases.Multi-center urban spatial structure is an effective way to solve the above negative externalities.It is helpful to evaluate the efficiency of the existing industrial distribution structure in the cities and make a reasonable estimate of the future enterprise growth by clarifying the interactive relationship between the development process of a city and the change of the employment center.Based on survey data of Shenzhen "Four Up-scale Enterprises" in 2017,threshold method is used to identify the existing employment centers of Shenzhen,and describe the characteristics of each employment center.Combining calculation of industry location entropy,below conclusions are obtained:①the double main centers (Futian-Luohu center and Nanshan center) in Shenzhen are obvious,and the weak multi-center has initially formed;②the development of the industry is relatively balanced in Futian-Luohu center,and Nanshan center has absolute advantage in information technology industry;③the employment centers outside the original special economic zone are mainly manufacturing industries,showing a highly specialized trend of industries,and cultivation of service industries is insufficient.
