As oncologic therapies continue to advance,the overall survival of cancer patients has markedly increased.Nevertheless,virtually every anticancer treatment modality is accompanied by some degree of cardiotoxicity.Epid...As oncologic therapies continue to advance,the overall survival of cancer patients has markedly increased.Nevertheless,virtually every anticancer treatment modality is accompanied by some degree of cardiotoxicity.Epidemiological data indicate that approximately 30%of cancer survivors ultimately die from cardiovascular disease.Among the cardiotoxic agents,the anthracycline doxorubicin(DOX)is the most widely used.It effectively suppresses a variety of malignant tumors——including breast cancer,lymphoma,and acute leukemia——but its cardiac toxicity limits further escalation of clinical dosing.Literature reports identify a cumulative dose of≥250 mg/m²as the threshold of high risk,with roughly 25%of patients receiving DOX developing varying degrees of myocardial injury;severe cases progress to heart failure.Even at cumulative doses below the traditional safety limit,some patients exhibit cardiac dysfunction after the first administration,suggesting that cardiotoxicity is not solely a linear function of dose.DOX related cardiotoxicity can be classified as acute(hours to days after administration),sub acute(weeks to months),and chronic/late onset(years later).Most patients initially exhibit only mild reductions in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)or subtle abnormalities in global longitudinal strain(GLS),often without symptoms.Recently,cardiac biomarkers(cTn,NT proBNP)combined with high sensitivity echocardiography(speckle tracking)have been recommended for monitoring high risk individuals,enabling detection of subclinical injury before overt LVEF decline.Currently,several preventive and therapeutic approaches are used in clinical practice,which can be summarized into the following four points.(1)Dose limitation and administration strategies:fractionated low dose regimens,liposomal encapsulation,or continuous infusion lower peak plasma concentrations,thereby reducing cardiac exposure.(2)Pharmacologic prophylaxis:βblockers(e.g.,carvedilol)and ACE inhibitors/ARBs have shown protective effects on LVEF in some randomized trials,though results remain inconsistent and require larger confirmatory studies.(3)Metabolic targeted interventions:animal experiments indicate that activation of PPARαor supplementation with L carnitine restores fatty acid oxidation and improves ATP generation,suggesting metabolic modulators as promising cardioprotective candidates.(4)Lifestyle modifications:regular aerobic exercise up regulates mitochondrial biogenesis genes(PGC-1α)and reduces reactive oxygen species(ROS)production;small clinical studies have demonstrated a potential benefit in attenuating cTnT elevation.However,DOX-induced cardiotoxicity has not been effectively controlled,indicating that the core mechanism underlying DOX‑related cardiac toxicity remains unidentified.Cardiomyocytes are high energy demand cells,and metabolic dysregulation is considered a central component of DOX induced cardiotoxicity.DOX disrupts myocardial metabolic balance through several interrelated pathways.(1)Oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage:DOX generates abundant ROS within cells,leading to mitochondrial membrane potential loss,lipid peroxidation,and iron accumulation,which suppress electron transport chain activity and markedly reduce ATP synthesis efficiency.(2)Autophagy dysregulation:DOX interferes with autophagic flux,preventing the clearance of damaged mitochondria and further aggravating apoptosis and inflammatory responses.(3)Inflammation and cytokine release:oxidative stress activates NF‑κB,up-regulating pro inflammatory cytokines such as TNF‑αand IL-6,creating a chronic inflammatory microenvironment that weakens myocardial contractility.(4)Epigenetic modifications:studies have shown that DOX alters DNA methylation and histone acetylation patterns in cardiomyocytes,affecting the expression of key metabolic genes(e.g.,PGC-1α,CPT-1)and further inhibiting fatty acidβoxidation.These mechanisms collectively lead to suppressed fatty acid oxidation and compensatory up regulation of glycolysis,manifested by an elevated lactate/pyruvate ratio,accumulation of medium chain acyl carnitines,and a pronounced decline in ATP production.The resulting energy deficit precipitates left ventricular contractile dysfunction and,ultimately,heart failure.Despite extensive basic and clinical research on DOX cardiotoxicity,a unified risk assessment model and precise interventions targeting metabolic disturbances remain lacking.This review systematically summarizes recent progress on DOX induced cardiotoxicity and highlights that impairment of myocardial energy metabolism is a central mechanism of injury,thereby deepened our understanding of how impaired myocardial energy metabolism drives DOX induced injury,we can move toward safer chemotherapy protocols that achieve“cure cancer without harming the heart”.展开更多
Background As living standards improve,consumers are placing greater emphasis on the enhancement of fish flesh quality,making its improvement increasingly critical.Plant-derived polysaccharides positively affect the i...Background As living standards improve,consumers are placing greater emphasis on the enhancement of fish flesh quality,making its improvement increasingly critical.Plant-derived polysaccharides positively affect the improvement of animal flesh quality.Panax ginseng leaf polysaccharides(PGLP)have a similar composition and lower cost compared with Panax ginseng root polysaccharides.However,its function and application effects in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)are unclear.Methods A total of 540 sub-adult grass carp(679±1.29 g),one of the important economic fish species,were used as experimental models and fed diets supplemented with 0,100,200,300,400,or 500 mg/kg PGLP for 60 d.After 60 d,grass carp were weighed,and their muscles were collected to explore the effects of PGLP on the growth and development of myofibers and energy metabolism-related parameters.Results Our study found that PGLP increased the growth performance and muscle nutritional composition as well as improved muscle hardness,springiness,cohesiveness,chewiness,and hyperplasia of myofibers of sub-adult grass carp.Besides,PGLP promoted muscle energy metabolism by increasing creatine,glycogen,pyruvate,and acetyl-CoA contents and creatine kinase(CK),pyruvate kinase(PK),phosphofructokinase(PFK),and hexokinase(HK)activities,while decreasing lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)activity and lactate content in fish muscle.Finally,our study found that PGLP enhanced mitochondrial function by increasing the protein expression of mitochondrial complexes I–V,biogenesis,and fusion and decreasing autophagy and fission in fish muscle.Conclusions PGLP improved growth performance and flesh quality of sub-adult grass carp,which may be related to enhancing hyperplasia of myofibers by promoting energy metabolism.We concluded that the recommended amount of PGLP in sub-adult grass carp feed to optimize growth performance is 100–200 mg/kg.This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of PGLP in fish feed and for the analysis of the mechanism of nutrition and feed regulating fish flesh quality,which is of great significance.展开更多
Objective:This study investigated the antidepression mechanisms of Xiaoyaosan(XYS),a classic Chinese prescription,from the perspective of energy metabolism in the brain and intestinal tissues.Methods:Chronic unpredict...Objective:This study investigated the antidepression mechanisms of Xiaoyaosan(XYS),a classic Chinese prescription,from the perspective of energy metabolism in the brain and intestinal tissues.Methods:Chronic unpredictable mild stress model-a classic depression rat model-was established.Effects of XYS on behaviors and gastrointestinal motility of depressed rats were investigated.Effects of XYS on energetic charge(EC),adenosine triphosphate-related enzymes,and key enzymes of energy metabolism in both hippocampus and jejunum tissues of depressed rats were investigated using highperformance liquid chromatography,biochemical analysis,and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,respectively.Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to construct a correlation network of"behavior-brain energy metabolism-intestinal energy metabolism"of depression.Results:XYS significantly reduced the abnormal behaviors that observed in depressed rats and increased the EC and the activity of Na+-K+-adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase)and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase in hippocampus and jejunum tissues of depressed rats.XYS restored the key energetic pathways that had been interrupted by depression,including glycolysis,tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidative phosphorylation.Furthermore,XYS exhibited antidepressive effects in terms of regulating energy metabolism in tissues of both brain and intestine.Conclusion:XYS significantly corrected the disturbances in EC and energy metabolism-related enzymes of both brain and intestinal tissues,alleviating both core and concomitant symptoms of depression.The current findings underscore the role of energy metabolism in the antidepressive activity of XYS,providing a fresh perspective on depression,and novel research strategies for revealing the mechanism of actions of traditional Chinese medicines on multi-site and multi-symptom diseases.展开更多
Background There is a growing focus on using various plant-derived agricultural by-products to increase the benefits of pig farming,but these feedstuffs are fibrous in nature.This study investigated the relationship b...Background There is a growing focus on using various plant-derived agricultural by-products to increase the benefits of pig farming,but these feedstuffs are fibrous in nature.This study investigated the relationship between dietary fiber physicochemical properties and feedstuff fermentation characteristics and their effects on nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,and gut microbiota in growing pigs.Methods Thirty-six growing barrows(47.2±1.5 kg)were randomly allotted to 6 dietary treatments with 2 apparent viscosity levels and 3β-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios.In the experiment,nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,fecal microbial community,and production and absorption of short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)of pigs were investigated.In vitro digestion and fermentation models were used to compare the fermentation characteristics of feedstuffs and ileal digesta in the pig’s hindgut.Results The production dynamics of SCFA and dry matter corrected gas production of different feedstuffs during in vitro fermentation were different and closely related to the physical properties and chemical structure of the fiber.In animal experiments,increasing the dietary apparent viscosity and theβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased the apparent ileal digestibility(AID),apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD),and hindgut digestibility of fiber components while decreasing the AID and ATTD of dry matter and organic matter(P<0.05).In addition,increasing dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased gas exchange,heat production,and protein oxidation,and decreased energy deposition(P<0.05).The dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucanto-arabinoxylan ratios had linear interaction effects on the digestible energy,metabolizable energy,retained energy(RE),and net energy(NE)of the diets(P<0.05).At the same time,the increase of dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased SCFA production and absorption(P<0.05).Increasing the dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios increased the diversity and abundance of bacteria(P<0.05)and the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.Furthermore,increasing the dietaryβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios led to a linear increase in SCFA production during the in vitro fermentation of ileal digesta(P<0.001).Finally,the prediction equations for RE and NE were established.Conclusion Dietary fiber physicochemical properties alter dietary fermentation patterns and regulate nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,and pig gut microbiota composition and metabolites.展开更多
Background During the transition period,excessive negative energy balance(NEB)lead to metabolic disorders and reduced milk yield.Rumen microbes are responsible for resolving plant material and producing volatile fatty...Background During the transition period,excessive negative energy balance(NEB)lead to metabolic disorders and reduced milk yield.Rumen microbes are responsible for resolving plant material and producing volatile fatty acids(VFA),which are the primary energy source for cows.In this study,we aimed to investigate the effect of citrus peel extract(CPE)supplementation on rumen microbiota composition,energy metabolism and milk performance of peri-partum dairy cows.Methods Dairy cows were fed either a basal diet(CON group)or the same basal diet supplemented with CPE via intragastric administration(4 g/d,CPE group)for 6 weeks(3 weeks before and 3 weeks after calving;n=15 per group).Samples of serum,milk,rumen fluid,adipose tissue,and liver were collected to assess the effects of CPE on rumen microbiota composition,rumen fermentation parameters,milk performance,and energy metabolic status of dairy cows.Results CPE supplementation led to an increase in milk yield,milk protein and lactose contents,and serum glucose levels,while reduced serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acid,β-hydroxybutyric acid,insulin,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,and haptoglobin during the first month of lactation.CPE supplemen-tation also increased the content of ruminal VFA.Compared to the CON group,the abundance of Prevotellaceae,Methanobacteriaceae,Bacteroidales_RF16_group,and Selenomonadaceae was found increased,while the abun-dance of Oscillospiraceae,F082,Ruminococcaceae,Christensenellaceae,Muribaculaceae UCG-011,Saccharimona-daceae,Hungateiclostridiaceae,and Spirochaetaceae in the CPE group was found decreased.In adipose tissue,CPE supplementation decreased lipolysis,and inflammatory response,while increased insulin sensitivity.In the liver,CPE supplementation decreased lipid accumulation,increased insulin sensitivity,and upregulated expression of genes involved in gluconeogenesis.Conclusions Our findings suggest that CPE supplementation during the peripartum period altered rumen micro-biota composition and increased ruminal VFA contents,which further improved NEB and lactation performance,alleviated lipolysis and inflammatory response in adipose tissue,reduced lipid accumulation and promoted gluconeo-genesis in liver.Thus,CPE might contribute to improve energy metabolism and consequently lactation performance of dairy cows during the transition period.展开更多
This study reviewed the clinical characteristics of adolescent bipolar disorder,the shortcomings of traditional treatment models in a systematical manner,analyzed the application status of virtual reality(VR)technolog...This study reviewed the clinical characteristics of adolescent bipolar disorder,the shortcomings of traditional treatment models in a systematical manner,analyzed the application status of virtual reality(VR)technology in mental and psychological diseases,and explored the potential mechanism of VR intervention for adolescent bipolar disorder patients,especially the value of PET/CT in the evaluation of brain energy metabolism.Studies have shown that VR treatment may optimize the neurological function of patients with bipolar disorder by enhancing the prefrontal-limbic system network,regulating the reward circuit and improving the executive function,and show positive changes in the metabolism of key brain areas at the PET/CT imaging level.展开更多
The nuclear receptor PPARs are fundamentally important for energy homeostasis. Through their distinct yet overlapping functions and tissue distribution, the PPARs regulate many aspects of energy metabolism at the tran...The nuclear receptor PPARs are fundamentally important for energy homeostasis. Through their distinct yet overlapping functions and tissue distribution, the PPARs regulate many aspects of energy metabolism at the transcriptional level. Functional impairment or dysregulation of these receptors leads to a variety of metabolic diseases, while their ligands offer many metabolic benefits. Studies of these receptors have advanced our knowledge of the transcriptional basis of energy metabolism and helped us understand the pathogenic mechanisms of metabolic syndrome.展开更多
AIM: To study the role of mitochondrial energy disorder in the pathogenesis of ethanol-induced gastric mucosa injury. METHODS: Wistar rats were used in this study. A gastric mucosal injury model was established by giv...AIM: To study the role of mitochondrial energy disorder in the pathogenesis of ethanol-induced gastric mucosa injury. METHODS: Wistar rats were used in this study. A gastric mucosal injury model was established by giving the rats alcohol. Gross and microscopic appearance of gastric mucosa and ultrastructure of mitochondria were evaluated. Malondiadehyde (MDA) in gastric mucosa was measured with thiobarbituric acid. Expression of ATP synthase (ATPase) subunits 6 and 8 in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR). RESULTS:The gastric mucosal lesion index was correlated with the MDA content in gastric mucosa. As the concentration of ethanol was elevated and theexposure time to ethanol was extended, the content of MDA in gastric mucosa increased and the extent of damage aggravated. The ultrastructure of mitochondria was positively related to the ethanol concentration and exposure time. The expression of mtDNA ATPase subunits 6 and 8 mRNA declined with the increasing MDA content in gastric mucosa after gavage with ethanol. CONCLUSION: Ethanol-induced gastric mucosa injury is related to oxidative stress, which disturbs energy metabolism of mitochondria and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of ethanol-induced gastric mucosa injury.展开更多
AIM To investigate the effects of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMMSCs)on the microcirculation and energy metabolism of hepatic sinusoids following reduced-size liver transplantati...AIM To investigate the effects of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMMSCs)on the microcirculation and energy metabolism of hepatic sinusoids following reduced-size liver transplantation(RLT)in a rat model.METHODS BMMSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro using an adherent method,and then transduced with HO-1-bearing recombinant adenovirus to construct HO-1/BMMSCs.A rat acute rejection model following 50%RLT was established using a two-cuff technique.Recipients were divided into three groups based on the treatment received:normal saline(NS),BMMSCs and HO-1/BMMSCs.Liver function was examined at six time points.The levels of endothelin-1(ET-1),endothelial nitric-oxide synthase(e NOS),inducible nitric-oxide synthase(i NOS),nitric oxide(NO),and hyaluronic acid(HA)were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The portal vein pressure(PVP)was detected by Power Lab ML880.The expressions of ET-1,i NOS,e NOS,and von Willebrand factor(v WF)protein in the transplanted liver were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.ATPase in the transplanted liver was detected by chemical colorimetry,and the ultrastructural changes were observed under a transmission electron microscope.RESULTS HO-1/BMMSCs could alleviate the pathological changes and rejection activity index of the transplanted liver,and improve the liver function of rats following 50%RLT,with statistically significant differences compared with those of the NS group and BMMSCs group(P<0.05).In term of the microcirculation of hepatic sinusoids:The PVP on POD7 decreased significantly in the HO-1/BMMSCs and BMMSCs groups compared with that of the NS group(P<0.01);HO-1/BMMSCs could inhibit the expressions of ET-1 and i NOS,increase the expressions of e NOS and inhibit amounts of NO production,and maintain the equilibrium of ET-1/NO(P<0.05);and HO-1/BMMSCs increased the expression of v WF in hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells(SECs),and promoted the degradation of HA,compared with those of the NS group and BMMSCs group(P<0.05).In term of the energy metabolism of the transplanted liver,HO-1/BMMSCs repaired the damaged mitochondria,and improved the activity of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase(ASTm)and ATPase,compared with the other two groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION HO-1/BMMSCs can improve the microcirculation of hepatic sinusoids significantly,and recover the energy metabolism of damaged hepatocytes in rats following RLT,thus protecting the transplanted liver.展开更多
This study investigated the expression profiles of Writ genes in adult porcine Iongissimus dorsi （LD） from different porcine genotypes and their associations with meat quality. The results showed that Wnt5a gene exp...This study investigated the expression profiles of Writ genes in adult porcine Iongissimus dorsi （LD） from different porcine genotypes and their associations with meat quality. The results showed that Wnt5a gene expression level was the highest in Jinhua （JHP） pigs, followed by Zhongbai （ZBP）, DurocxZhongbai （DZB）, and Duroc×Yorkshire×Landrace （DYL） pigs, with significant differences between ZBP, DZB, and DYL （P〈0.05）. This genotypic order was reversed for Wnt7a, Wnt10b, and Wnt11 expression, with JHP and DYL having the lowest and highest expressive levels, respectively. Wnt5a expression was negatively correlated with pH,5 min and ApH （P〈0.01）, some glycolytic markers （P〈0.05）, and positively correlated with meat color （a＊）, shear force （SF） value （P〈0.05）, myosion heavy chain （MyHC） I mRNA proportion （P〈0.01）, turnover ratio of creatine phosphate （CP）, and creatine kinase （CK） activity （P〈0.05）. Opposite correlations were observed for Writ2, Wnt7a, Wnt10b, and Wnt11. These results revealed that Wnt5a, Wnt7a, Wnt10b, and Wnt11 gene expressions in adult porcine muscle contributed to differences between porcine genotypes and affected pork quality. Wnt5a gene expression could be beneficial for the formation of high quality pork by regulating muscle fiber types and postmortem energy metabolism.展开更多
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of methyl jasmonate(Me JA)dipping treatment on mitochondrial energy metabolism and quality parameters of Nanguo pears during room temperature storage.The resu...The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of methyl jasmonate(Me JA)dipping treatment on mitochondrial energy metabolism and quality parameters of Nanguo pears during room temperature storage.The results showed that Me JA treatment suppressed the respiration rate and weight loss,and maintained the flesh firmness of Nanguo pears.Me JA also effectively maintained the content of ascorbic acid and titratable acidity in the fruit.Furthermore,the activities of H^(+)-ATPase,Ca^(2+)-ATPase,succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)and cytochrome C oxidase(CCO)of the Me JA-treated fruit were significantly higher than those of the untreated fruit.The contents of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)and adenosine diphosphate(ADP)and the energy charge were also enhanced by Me JA treatment.These results suggest that postharvest Me JA treatment could maintain the quality of Nanguo pears,in part by modulating mitochondrial energy metabolism during room temperature storage.展开更多
Sperm are specialized cells that require adenosine triphosphate(ATP) to support their function.Maintaining sperm energy homeostasis in vitro is vitally important to improve the efficacy of boar sperm preservation. Met...Sperm are specialized cells that require adenosine triphosphate(ATP) to support their function.Maintaining sperm energy homeostasis in vitro is vitally important to improve the efficacy of boar sperm preservation. Metformin can activate 5′-AMPactivated protein kinase(AMPK) to improve metabolic flexibility and maintain energy homeostasis. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether metformin can improve boar sperm quality through AMPK mediation of energy metabolism. Sperm motility parameters, membrane integrity,acrosomeintegrity,mitochondrial membrane potential(ΔΨm), ATP content, glucose uptake,and lactate efflux were analyzed.Localization and expression levels of AMPK and phospho-Thr172-AMPK(p-AMPK) were also detected by immunofluorescence and western blotting. We found that metformin treatment significantly increased sperm motility parameters, ΔΨm, and ATP content during storage at 17 ℃. Moreover, results showed that AMPK was localized at the acrosomal region, connecting piece, and midpiece of sperm and p-AMPK was distributed at the post-acrosomal region, connecting piece, and midpiece. When sperm were incubated with metformin for 4 h at 37 ℃, sperm motility parameters, ΔΨm, ATP content,p-AMPK, glucose uptake, and lactate efflux all significantly increased, whereas the addition of Compound C treatment, an inhibitor of AMPK,counteracted these positive effects. Together, our results suggest that metformin promotes AMPK activation, which contributes to the maintenance of energy hemostasis and mitochondrial activity,thereby maintaining boar sperm functionality and improving the efficacy of semen preservation.展开更多
To investigate the effects of L-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) on ener-gy metabolism, endothelin-1 (ET-1 ) and NO during acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion of rats, 24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups,...To investigate the effects of L-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) on ener-gy metabolism, endothelin-1 (ET-1 ) and NO during acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion of rats, 24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, with 6rats in each group: sham-operation group, simple ischemia group, ischemia-reperfusion group and treatment group (L-THP group). Cerebral ATP, lactate,ET-1 and NO levels were measured in all groups. Our results showed that treat-ment with L-THP could increase cerebral ATP levels, but decrease cerebral lac-tate, ET-1 and NO concentrations during ischemia-reperfusion in the treatmentgroup. It is concluded that L-THP could improve cerebral energy metabolism and protect the injured brain tissue, the mechanism of which might be related to suppression of overproduction of ET-1 and NO.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effects of electroacupuncture pretreatment on mitochondrial energy metabolism in the rats with myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury(MIRI).Methods:A total of 60 SPF Wistar rats were randomly ...Objective:To explore the effects of electroacupuncture pretreatment on mitochondrial energy metabolism in the rats with myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury(MIRI).Methods:A total of 60 SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into a sham-operation group(sham group),a myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury group(MIRI group)and an electroacupuncture pretreatment group(EA group),20 rats in each one.The rats in the sham group and the MIRI group were binded for 7 days,once a day,20 min each time.On the 8th day,the sample was collected after the heart exposed for 50 min in thoractomy in the sham group and the sample was collected after ischemia for 20 min and reperfusion for 30 min in thoractomy in the MIRI group.In the EA group,the pretreatment intervention with electroacupuncture was applied at"Neiguan(内关PC6)","Guanyuan(关元CV4)"and"Zusanli(足三里ST36)"in the rats for 7 days,once a day,20 min each time.On the 8th day,after ischemia for 20 min and reperfusion for 30 min in thoractomy,the sample was collected in the EA group.The changes in STⅡsegment of electroacardiogram(ECG)were observed and measured.Using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),the concentrations of cardiac troponin T(cTnT)and cardiac troponin I(cTnl)were detected.Using nitro blue tetrazolium chloride monohydrate(NBT)staining,the myocardial infarction weight percentage was measured.Using ELISA,the concentrations of mitochondrial adenosine monophosphate(AMP),adenosine diphosphate(ADP)and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)were detected.Results:(1)STⅡchanges:in 20 min of ligation,compared with the sham group,the STⅡsegment of electrocardiograph(ECG)was elevated significantly in the MIRI group and EA group(both P<0.01),but the elevation range in the EA group was lower than that of the MIRI group(P<0.01).After reperfusion for30 min,the STⅡsegment was fallen by over 50%in the MIRI group and the EA group.Simultaneously,the STⅡsegment in the EA group was lower than that of the MIRI group(P<0.01).(2)Regarding myocardial infarction weight percentage,compared with the sham group,the infarction weight was larger in the MIRI group and the EA group(both P<0.05)and the infarction weight in the EA group was lower than that of the MIRI group(P<0.05).(3)Regarding the levels of serum cTnt and cTnI,compared with the sham group,the levels of serum cTnT and cTnI were higher in the MIRI group and the EA group(all P<0.01)and the levels of cTnT and cTnI in the EA group were lower than that of the MIRI group(both P<0.01).(4)Regarding the concentrations of AMP,ADP and ATP,compared with the sham group,ATP concentration was lower in the MIRI group and the EA group(both P<0.01)and the concentrations of AMP and ADP were higher(P<0.05,P<0.01).Compared with the MIRI group,ATP concentration was higher in the EA group(P<0.05)and the concentrations of AMP and ADP were lower(both P<0.01).Conclusions:Electroacupuncture pretreatment reduces the elevation of ECG STⅡsegment,decreases the concentrations of myocardial injury markers,cTnT and cTnI and regulates the transfer among AMP,ATP and ADP.The protective effect of electroacupuncture pretreatment may result from the regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism.展开更多
The brain has very high energy requirements and consumes 20% of the oxygen and 25% of the glucose in the human body. Therefore, the molecular mechanism under- lying how the brain metabolizes substances to support neur...The brain has very high energy requirements and consumes 20% of the oxygen and 25% of the glucose in the human body. Therefore, the molecular mechanism under- lying how the brain metabolizes substances to support neural activity is a fundamental issue for neuroscience studies. A well-known model in the brain, the astrocyte- neuron lactate shuttle, postulates that glucose uptake and glycolytic activity are enhanced in astrocytes upon neu- ronal activation and that astrocytes transport lactate into neurons to fulfill their energy requirements. Current evidence for this hypothesis has yet to reach a clear consensus, and new concepts beyond the shuttle hypothesis are emerging. The discrepancy is largely attributed to the lack of a critical method for real-time monitoring of metabolic dynamics at cellular resolution. Recent advances in fluorescent protein-based sensors allow the generation of a sensitive, specific, real-time readout of subcellular metabolites and fill the current technological gap. Here,we summarize the development of genetically encoded metabolite sensors and their applications in assessing cell metabolism in living cells and in vivo, and we believe that these tools will help to address the issue of elucidating neural energy metabolism.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the possible mechanisms of exogenous carbon monoxide-releasing molecule II (CORM-2) intervention on hepatic energy metabolism in experimental sepsis.
Food resources play an important role in the regulation of animals’ physiology and behavior. We investigated the effect of short-term food restriction on metabolic thermogenesis of Chinese bulbuls（Pycnonotus sinensi...Food resources play an important role in the regulation of animals’ physiology and behavior. We investigated the effect of short-term food restriction on metabolic thermogenesis of Chinese bulbuls（Pycnonotus sinensis） by measuring changes in body mass, body fat, basic metabolic rate（BMR）, and organ mass of wild-caught Chinese bulbuls from Wenzhou, China. Short-term food restriction induced a significant decrease in body mass and body fat but body mass returned to normal levels soon after food was no longer restricted. Food restriction caused a significant reduction in BMR after 7 days（P〈0.05）, which returned to normal levels after food restriction ceased. Log total BMR was positively correlated with log body mass（r2=0.126, P〈0.05）. The dry masses of livers and the digestive tract were higher in birds that had been subject to temporary food restriction than in control birds and those subject to continual food restriction（P〈0.001 and P〈0.05, respectively）. There was also significant differences in the dry mass of the lungs（P〈0.05）, heart（P〈0.01）, and spleen（P〈0.05） in birds subject to short-term food restriction compared to control birds and those subject to continual food restriction. BMR was positively correlated with body and organ（heart, kidney and stomach） mass. These results suggest that the Chinese bulbul adjusts to restricted food availability by utilizing its energy reserves, lowering its BMR and changing the weight of various internal organs so as to balance total energy requirements. These may all be survival strategies that allow birds to cope with unpredictable variation in food abundance.展开更多
In the 1920s,Dr Otto Warburg first suggested the significant difference in energy metabolism between malignant cancer cells and adjacent normal cells.Tumor cells mainly adopt the glycolysis as energy source to maintai...In the 1920s,Dr Otto Warburg first suggested the significant difference in energy metabolism between malignant cancer cells and adjacent normal cells.Tumor cells mainly adopt the glycolysis as energy source to maintain tumor cell growth and biosynthesis under aerobic conditions.Investigation on energy metabolism pathway in cancer cells has aroused the interest of cancer researchers all around the world.In recent years,plentiful studics suggest that targeting the peculiar cancer energy metabolic pathways,including glycolysis,mitochondrial respiration,amino acid metabolism,and fatty acid oxidation may be an effective strategy to starve cancer cells by blocking essential nutrients.Natural products (NPs)are considered as the “treasure trove of small molecules drugs” and have played an extremely remarkable role in the discovery and development of anticancer drugs.And numerous NPs have been reported to act on cancer energy metabolism targets.Herein,a comprehensive overview about cancer energy metabolism targets and their natural-occurring inhibitors is prepared.展开更多
Dimethyl phthalate(DMP), used as a plasticizer in industrial products, exists widely in air,water and soil.Staphylococcus aureus is a typical model organism representing Gram-positive bacteria.The molecular mechanisms...Dimethyl phthalate(DMP), used as a plasticizer in industrial products, exists widely in air,water and soil.Staphylococcus aureus is a typical model organism representing Gram-positive bacteria.The molecular mechanisms of DMP toxicology in S.aureus were researched by proteomic and transcriptomic analyses.The results showed that the cell wall, membrane and cell surface characteristics were damaged and the growth was inhibited in S.aureus by DMP.Oxidative stress was induced by DMP in S.aureus.The activities of succinic dehydrogenase(SDH) and ATPase were changed by DMP, which could impact energy metabolism.Based on proteomic and transcriptomic analyses, the oxidative phosphorylation pathway was enhanced and the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and pentose phosphate pathways were inhibited in S.aureus exposed to DMP.The results of real-time reverse transcription quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) further confirmed the results of the proteomic and transcriptomic analyses.Lactic acid, pyruvic acid and glucose were reduced by DMP in S.aureus, which suggested that DMP could inhibit energy metabolism.The results indicated that DMP damaged the cell wall and membrane, induced oxidative stress, and inhibited energy metabolism and activation in S.aureus.展开更多
Objective: To examine the effect of Yuxingeng fluid (愈心梗液, YXGF) on myocardial energy metabolism in Wistar rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by observing the ultrastructure of mitochondria and the enzyme...Objective: To examine the effect of Yuxingeng fluid (愈心梗液, YXGF) on myocardial energy metabolism in Wistar rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by observing the ultrastructure of mitochondria and the enzyme activities of rat myocardial adenosine triphosphate (ATP), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the content of glycogen. Methods; AMI models were established by ligature of left anterior descending coronary artery and then the rats with AMI were randomly divided into 7 groups: namely, blank group, model group, sham-operated group, captopil group, high-dose YXGF group, middle-dose YXGF group and low-dose YXGF group. From the next day after modeling, the rats were given YXGF through gastrogavage which lasted for 4 weeks. And then, the ultra-structure of mitochondria was observed by electronic microscope and the enzyme activities of ATP, SDH, ACP, ALP and the content of glycogen were determined. Results: Compared with model group, the other three groups of high-dose YXGF, middle-dose YXGF, low-dose YXGF and captopril group could protect the ultrastructure of mitochondria and significantly increase enzyme activities of ATP, SDH, ACP, ALP and the content of glycogen (P<0.01). Conclusion: YXGF can protect mitochondria and increase myocardial enzyme activities and the content of glycogen, which may be one of the mechanisms intervening in the pathological course of the early ventricular remodeling in rats with AMI.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Applied Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan Province(202301AT070095)the Candidate Talents Training Fund of Yunnan Province(H-2024069)。
文摘As oncologic therapies continue to advance,the overall survival of cancer patients has markedly increased.Nevertheless,virtually every anticancer treatment modality is accompanied by some degree of cardiotoxicity.Epidemiological data indicate that approximately 30%of cancer survivors ultimately die from cardiovascular disease.Among the cardiotoxic agents,the anthracycline doxorubicin(DOX)is the most widely used.It effectively suppresses a variety of malignant tumors——including breast cancer,lymphoma,and acute leukemia——but its cardiac toxicity limits further escalation of clinical dosing.Literature reports identify a cumulative dose of≥250 mg/m²as the threshold of high risk,with roughly 25%of patients receiving DOX developing varying degrees of myocardial injury;severe cases progress to heart failure.Even at cumulative doses below the traditional safety limit,some patients exhibit cardiac dysfunction after the first administration,suggesting that cardiotoxicity is not solely a linear function of dose.DOX related cardiotoxicity can be classified as acute(hours to days after administration),sub acute(weeks to months),and chronic/late onset(years later).Most patients initially exhibit only mild reductions in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)or subtle abnormalities in global longitudinal strain(GLS),often without symptoms.Recently,cardiac biomarkers(cTn,NT proBNP)combined with high sensitivity echocardiography(speckle tracking)have been recommended for monitoring high risk individuals,enabling detection of subclinical injury before overt LVEF decline.Currently,several preventive and therapeutic approaches are used in clinical practice,which can be summarized into the following four points.(1)Dose limitation and administration strategies:fractionated low dose regimens,liposomal encapsulation,or continuous infusion lower peak plasma concentrations,thereby reducing cardiac exposure.(2)Pharmacologic prophylaxis:βblockers(e.g.,carvedilol)and ACE inhibitors/ARBs have shown protective effects on LVEF in some randomized trials,though results remain inconsistent and require larger confirmatory studies.(3)Metabolic targeted interventions:animal experiments indicate that activation of PPARαor supplementation with L carnitine restores fatty acid oxidation and improves ATP generation,suggesting metabolic modulators as promising cardioprotective candidates.(4)Lifestyle modifications:regular aerobic exercise up regulates mitochondrial biogenesis genes(PGC-1α)and reduces reactive oxygen species(ROS)production;small clinical studies have demonstrated a potential benefit in attenuating cTnT elevation.However,DOX-induced cardiotoxicity has not been effectively controlled,indicating that the core mechanism underlying DOX‑related cardiac toxicity remains unidentified.Cardiomyocytes are high energy demand cells,and metabolic dysregulation is considered a central component of DOX induced cardiotoxicity.DOX disrupts myocardial metabolic balance through several interrelated pathways.(1)Oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage:DOX generates abundant ROS within cells,leading to mitochondrial membrane potential loss,lipid peroxidation,and iron accumulation,which suppress electron transport chain activity and markedly reduce ATP synthesis efficiency.(2)Autophagy dysregulation:DOX interferes with autophagic flux,preventing the clearance of damaged mitochondria and further aggravating apoptosis and inflammatory responses.(3)Inflammation and cytokine release:oxidative stress activates NF‑κB,up-regulating pro inflammatory cytokines such as TNF‑αand IL-6,creating a chronic inflammatory microenvironment that weakens myocardial contractility.(4)Epigenetic modifications:studies have shown that DOX alters DNA methylation and histone acetylation patterns in cardiomyocytes,affecting the expression of key metabolic genes(e.g.,PGC-1α,CPT-1)and further inhibiting fatty acidβoxidation.These mechanisms collectively lead to suppressed fatty acid oxidation and compensatory up regulation of glycolysis,manifested by an elevated lactate/pyruvate ratio,accumulation of medium chain acyl carnitines,and a pronounced decline in ATP production.The resulting energy deficit precipitates left ventricular contractile dysfunction and,ultimately,heart failure.Despite extensive basic and clinical research on DOX cardiotoxicity,a unified risk assessment model and precise interventions targeting metabolic disturbances remain lacking.This review systematically summarizes recent progress on DOX induced cardiotoxicity and highlights that impairment of myocardial energy metabolism is a central mechanism of injury,thereby deepened our understanding of how impaired myocardial energy metabolism drives DOX induced injury,we can move toward safer chemotherapy protocols that achieve“cure cancer without harming the heart”.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20250)the earmarked fund for CARS(CARS-45)+2 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFD2400600)Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Talent Project(2023JDRC0043)Sichuan Innovation Team of National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(SCCXTD-2024-15)。
文摘Background As living standards improve,consumers are placing greater emphasis on the enhancement of fish flesh quality,making its improvement increasingly critical.Plant-derived polysaccharides positively affect the improvement of animal flesh quality.Panax ginseng leaf polysaccharides(PGLP)have a similar composition and lower cost compared with Panax ginseng root polysaccharides.However,its function and application effects in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)are unclear.Methods A total of 540 sub-adult grass carp(679±1.29 g),one of the important economic fish species,were used as experimental models and fed diets supplemented with 0,100,200,300,400,or 500 mg/kg PGLP for 60 d.After 60 d,grass carp were weighed,and their muscles were collected to explore the effects of PGLP on the growth and development of myofibers and energy metabolism-related parameters.Results Our study found that PGLP increased the growth performance and muscle nutritional composition as well as improved muscle hardness,springiness,cohesiveness,chewiness,and hyperplasia of myofibers of sub-adult grass carp.Besides,PGLP promoted muscle energy metabolism by increasing creatine,glycogen,pyruvate,and acetyl-CoA contents and creatine kinase(CK),pyruvate kinase(PK),phosphofructokinase(PFK),and hexokinase(HK)activities,while decreasing lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)activity and lactate content in fish muscle.Finally,our study found that PGLP enhanced mitochondrial function by increasing the protein expression of mitochondrial complexes I–V,biogenesis,and fusion and decreasing autophagy and fission in fish muscle.Conclusions PGLP improved growth performance and flesh quality of sub-adult grass carp,which may be related to enhancing hyperplasia of myofibers by promoting energy metabolism.We concluded that the recommended amount of PGLP in sub-adult grass carp feed to optimize growth performance is 100–200 mg/kg.This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of PGLP in fish feed and for the analysis of the mechanism of nutrition and feed regulating fish flesh quality,which is of great significance.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82274360)the Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Research Project of Shanxi Province in 2024(No.2024ZYY2A032)+1 种基金the Research Project of Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(No.2022-026)the Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Team of Shanxi Province(No.zyytd2024020)。
文摘Objective:This study investigated the antidepression mechanisms of Xiaoyaosan(XYS),a classic Chinese prescription,from the perspective of energy metabolism in the brain and intestinal tissues.Methods:Chronic unpredictable mild stress model-a classic depression rat model-was established.Effects of XYS on behaviors and gastrointestinal motility of depressed rats were investigated.Effects of XYS on energetic charge(EC),adenosine triphosphate-related enzymes,and key enzymes of energy metabolism in both hippocampus and jejunum tissues of depressed rats were investigated using highperformance liquid chromatography,biochemical analysis,and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,respectively.Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to construct a correlation network of"behavior-brain energy metabolism-intestinal energy metabolism"of depression.Results:XYS significantly reduced the abnormal behaviors that observed in depressed rats and increased the EC and the activity of Na+-K+-adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase)and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase in hippocampus and jejunum tissues of depressed rats.XYS restored the key energetic pathways that had been interrupted by depression,including glycolysis,tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidative phosphorylation.Furthermore,XYS exhibited antidepressive effects in terms of regulating energy metabolism in tissues of both brain and intestine.Conclusion:XYS significantly corrected the disturbances in EC and energy metabolism-related enzymes of both brain and intestinal tissues,alleviating both core and concomitant symptoms of depression.The current findings underscore the role of energy metabolism in the antidepressive activity of XYS,providing a fresh perspective on depression,and novel research strategies for revealing the mechanism of actions of traditional Chinese medicines on multi-site and multi-symptom diseases.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2021YFD1300201)Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology Innovation Platform and Talent Special Project(No.20230508090RC).
文摘Background There is a growing focus on using various plant-derived agricultural by-products to increase the benefits of pig farming,but these feedstuffs are fibrous in nature.This study investigated the relationship between dietary fiber physicochemical properties and feedstuff fermentation characteristics and their effects on nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,and gut microbiota in growing pigs.Methods Thirty-six growing barrows(47.2±1.5 kg)were randomly allotted to 6 dietary treatments with 2 apparent viscosity levels and 3β-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios.In the experiment,nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,fecal microbial community,and production and absorption of short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)of pigs were investigated.In vitro digestion and fermentation models were used to compare the fermentation characteristics of feedstuffs and ileal digesta in the pig’s hindgut.Results The production dynamics of SCFA and dry matter corrected gas production of different feedstuffs during in vitro fermentation were different and closely related to the physical properties and chemical structure of the fiber.In animal experiments,increasing the dietary apparent viscosity and theβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased the apparent ileal digestibility(AID),apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD),and hindgut digestibility of fiber components while decreasing the AID and ATTD of dry matter and organic matter(P<0.05).In addition,increasing dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased gas exchange,heat production,and protein oxidation,and decreased energy deposition(P<0.05).The dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucanto-arabinoxylan ratios had linear interaction effects on the digestible energy,metabolizable energy,retained energy(RE),and net energy(NE)of the diets(P<0.05).At the same time,the increase of dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased SCFA production and absorption(P<0.05).Increasing the dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios increased the diversity and abundance of bacteria(P<0.05)and the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.Furthermore,increasing the dietaryβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios led to a linear increase in SCFA production during the in vitro fermentation of ileal digesta(P<0.001).Finally,the prediction equations for RE and NE were established.Conclusion Dietary fiber physicochemical properties alter dietary fermentation patterns and regulate nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,and pig gut microbiota composition and metabolites.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(Beijing,China,grant no.2023YFE0116900 and 2023YFD1801400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Beijing,China,grant no.32473105,32302943,and 32302941)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20230951).
文摘Background During the transition period,excessive negative energy balance(NEB)lead to metabolic disorders and reduced milk yield.Rumen microbes are responsible for resolving plant material and producing volatile fatty acids(VFA),which are the primary energy source for cows.In this study,we aimed to investigate the effect of citrus peel extract(CPE)supplementation on rumen microbiota composition,energy metabolism and milk performance of peri-partum dairy cows.Methods Dairy cows were fed either a basal diet(CON group)or the same basal diet supplemented with CPE via intragastric administration(4 g/d,CPE group)for 6 weeks(3 weeks before and 3 weeks after calving;n=15 per group).Samples of serum,milk,rumen fluid,adipose tissue,and liver were collected to assess the effects of CPE on rumen microbiota composition,rumen fermentation parameters,milk performance,and energy metabolic status of dairy cows.Results CPE supplementation led to an increase in milk yield,milk protein and lactose contents,and serum glucose levels,while reduced serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acid,β-hydroxybutyric acid,insulin,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,and haptoglobin during the first month of lactation.CPE supplemen-tation also increased the content of ruminal VFA.Compared to the CON group,the abundance of Prevotellaceae,Methanobacteriaceae,Bacteroidales_RF16_group,and Selenomonadaceae was found increased,while the abun-dance of Oscillospiraceae,F082,Ruminococcaceae,Christensenellaceae,Muribaculaceae UCG-011,Saccharimona-daceae,Hungateiclostridiaceae,and Spirochaetaceae in the CPE group was found decreased.In adipose tissue,CPE supplementation decreased lipolysis,and inflammatory response,while increased insulin sensitivity.In the liver,CPE supplementation decreased lipid accumulation,increased insulin sensitivity,and upregulated expression of genes involved in gluconeogenesis.Conclusions Our findings suggest that CPE supplementation during the peripartum period altered rumen micro-biota composition and increased ruminal VFA contents,which further improved NEB and lactation performance,alleviated lipolysis and inflammatory response in adipose tissue,reduced lipid accumulation and promoted gluconeo-genesis in liver.Thus,CPE might contribute to improve energy metabolism and consequently lactation performance of dairy cows during the transition period.
文摘This study reviewed the clinical characteristics of adolescent bipolar disorder,the shortcomings of traditional treatment models in a systematical manner,analyzed the application status of virtual reality(VR)technology in mental and psychological diseases,and explored the potential mechanism of VR intervention for adolescent bipolar disorder patients,especially the value of PET/CT in the evaluation of brain energy metabolism.Studies have shown that VR treatment may optimize the neurological function of patients with bipolar disorder by enhancing the prefrontal-limbic system network,regulating the reward circuit and improving the executive function,and show positive changes in the metabolism of key brain areas at the PET/CT imaging level.
文摘The nuclear receptor PPARs are fundamentally important for energy homeostasis. Through their distinct yet overlapping functions and tissue distribution, the PPARs regulate many aspects of energy metabolism at the transcriptional level. Functional impairment or dysregulation of these receptors leads to a variety of metabolic diseases, while their ligands offer many metabolic benefits. Studies of these receptors have advanced our knowledge of the transcriptional basis of energy metabolism and helped us understand the pathogenic mechanisms of metabolic syndrome.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30750013Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province, No. X0650091
文摘AIM: To study the role of mitochondrial energy disorder in the pathogenesis of ethanol-induced gastric mucosa injury. METHODS: Wistar rats were used in this study. A gastric mucosal injury model was established by giving the rats alcohol. Gross and microscopic appearance of gastric mucosa and ultrastructure of mitochondria were evaluated. Malondiadehyde (MDA) in gastric mucosa was measured with thiobarbituric acid. Expression of ATP synthase (ATPase) subunits 6 and 8 in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR). RESULTS:The gastric mucosal lesion index was correlated with the MDA content in gastric mucosa. As the concentration of ethanol was elevated and theexposure time to ethanol was extended, the content of MDA in gastric mucosa increased and the extent of damage aggravated. The ultrastructure of mitochondria was positively related to the ethanol concentration and exposure time. The expression of mtDNA ATPase subunits 6 and 8 mRNA declined with the increasing MDA content in gastric mucosa after gavage with ethanol. CONCLUSION: Ethanol-induced gastric mucosa injury is related to oxidative stress, which disturbs energy metabolism of mitochondria and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of ethanol-induced gastric mucosa injury.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81670574,No.81441022 and No.81270528The Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin,China,No.08JCYBJC08400,No.11JCZDJC27800,and No.12JCZDJC25200the Technology Foundation of the Health Bureau in Tianjin,China,No.2011KY11
文摘AIM To investigate the effects of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMMSCs)on the microcirculation and energy metabolism of hepatic sinusoids following reduced-size liver transplantation(RLT)in a rat model.METHODS BMMSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro using an adherent method,and then transduced with HO-1-bearing recombinant adenovirus to construct HO-1/BMMSCs.A rat acute rejection model following 50%RLT was established using a two-cuff technique.Recipients were divided into three groups based on the treatment received:normal saline(NS),BMMSCs and HO-1/BMMSCs.Liver function was examined at six time points.The levels of endothelin-1(ET-1),endothelial nitric-oxide synthase(e NOS),inducible nitric-oxide synthase(i NOS),nitric oxide(NO),and hyaluronic acid(HA)were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The portal vein pressure(PVP)was detected by Power Lab ML880.The expressions of ET-1,i NOS,e NOS,and von Willebrand factor(v WF)protein in the transplanted liver were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.ATPase in the transplanted liver was detected by chemical colorimetry,and the ultrastructural changes were observed under a transmission electron microscope.RESULTS HO-1/BMMSCs could alleviate the pathological changes and rejection activity index of the transplanted liver,and improve the liver function of rats following 50%RLT,with statistically significant differences compared with those of the NS group and BMMSCs group(P<0.05).In term of the microcirculation of hepatic sinusoids:The PVP on POD7 decreased significantly in the HO-1/BMMSCs and BMMSCs groups compared with that of the NS group(P<0.01);HO-1/BMMSCs could inhibit the expressions of ET-1 and i NOS,increase the expressions of e NOS and inhibit amounts of NO production,and maintain the equilibrium of ET-1/NO(P<0.05);and HO-1/BMMSCs increased the expression of v WF in hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells(SECs),and promoted the degradation of HA,compared with those of the NS group and BMMSCs group(P<0.05).In term of the energy metabolism of the transplanted liver,HO-1/BMMSCs repaired the damaged mitochondria,and improved the activity of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase(ASTm)and ATPase,compared with the other two groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION HO-1/BMMSCs can improve the microcirculation of hepatic sinusoids significantly,and recover the energy metabolism of damaged hepatocytes in rats following RLT,thus protecting the transplanted liver.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31172220)the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of China(CARS-36)the Science and Technology Projects in Zhejiang Province of China(LY17C170005,2016C02054-4)
文摘This study investigated the expression profiles of Writ genes in adult porcine Iongissimus dorsi （LD） from different porcine genotypes and their associations with meat quality. The results showed that Wnt5a gene expression level was the highest in Jinhua （JHP） pigs, followed by Zhongbai （ZBP）, DurocxZhongbai （DZB）, and Duroc×Yorkshire×Landrace （DYL） pigs, with significant differences between ZBP, DZB, and DYL （P〈0.05）. This genotypic order was reversed for Wnt7a, Wnt10b, and Wnt11 expression, with JHP and DYL having the lowest and highest expressive levels, respectively. Wnt5a expression was negatively correlated with pH,5 min and ApH （P〈0.01）, some glycolytic markers （P〈0.05）, and positively correlated with meat color （a＊）, shear force （SF） value （P〈0.05）, myosion heavy chain （MyHC） I mRNA proportion （P〈0.01）, turnover ratio of creatine phosphate （CP）, and creatine kinase （CK） activity （P〈0.05）. Opposite correlations were observed for Writ2, Wnt7a, Wnt10b, and Wnt11. These results revealed that Wnt5a, Wnt7a, Wnt10b, and Wnt11 gene expressions in adult porcine muscle contributed to differences between porcine genotypes and affected pork quality. Wnt5a gene expression could be beneficial for the formation of high quality pork by regulating muscle fiber types and postmortem energy metabolism.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801595)the Firstclass Discipline Project of Liaoning Province,China(LNSPXKBD2020205)。
文摘The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of methyl jasmonate(Me JA)dipping treatment on mitochondrial energy metabolism and quality parameters of Nanguo pears during room temperature storage.The results showed that Me JA treatment suppressed the respiration rate and weight loss,and maintained the flesh firmness of Nanguo pears.Me JA also effectively maintained the content of ascorbic acid and titratable acidity in the fruit.Furthermore,the activities of H^(+)-ATPase,Ca^(2+)-ATPase,succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)and cytochrome C oxidase(CCO)of the Me JA-treated fruit were significantly higher than those of the untreated fruit.The contents of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)and adenosine diphosphate(ADP)and the energy charge were also enhanced by Me JA treatment.These results suggest that postharvest Me JA treatment could maintain the quality of Nanguo pears,in part by modulating mitochondrial energy metabolism during room temperature storage.
基金This study was supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0501000)to W.X.Z.
文摘Sperm are specialized cells that require adenosine triphosphate(ATP) to support their function.Maintaining sperm energy homeostasis in vitro is vitally important to improve the efficacy of boar sperm preservation. Metformin can activate 5′-AMPactivated protein kinase(AMPK) to improve metabolic flexibility and maintain energy homeostasis. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether metformin can improve boar sperm quality through AMPK mediation of energy metabolism. Sperm motility parameters, membrane integrity,acrosomeintegrity,mitochondrial membrane potential(ΔΨm), ATP content, glucose uptake,and lactate efflux were analyzed.Localization and expression levels of AMPK and phospho-Thr172-AMPK(p-AMPK) were also detected by immunofluorescence and western blotting. We found that metformin treatment significantly increased sperm motility parameters, ΔΨm, and ATP content during storage at 17 ℃. Moreover, results showed that AMPK was localized at the acrosomal region, connecting piece, and midpiece of sperm and p-AMPK was distributed at the post-acrosomal region, connecting piece, and midpiece. When sperm were incubated with metformin for 4 h at 37 ℃, sperm motility parameters, ΔΨm, ATP content,p-AMPK, glucose uptake, and lactate efflux all significantly increased, whereas the addition of Compound C treatment, an inhibitor of AMPK,counteracted these positive effects. Together, our results suggest that metformin promotes AMPK activation, which contributes to the maintenance of energy hemostasis and mitochondrial activity,thereby maintaining boar sperm functionality and improving the efficacy of semen preservation.
文摘To investigate the effects of L-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) on ener-gy metabolism, endothelin-1 (ET-1 ) and NO during acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion of rats, 24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, with 6rats in each group: sham-operation group, simple ischemia group, ischemia-reperfusion group and treatment group (L-THP group). Cerebral ATP, lactate,ET-1 and NO levels were measured in all groups. Our results showed that treat-ment with L-THP could increase cerebral ATP levels, but decrease cerebral lac-tate, ET-1 and NO concentrations during ischemia-reperfusion in the treatmentgroup. It is concluded that L-THP could improve cerebral energy metabolism and protect the injured brain tissue, the mechanism of which might be related to suppression of overproduction of ET-1 and NO.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Program:81704142Hubei Science and Technology Plan Project:2018CFC890+7 种基金The Twelfth Batch of Self-Selected Research Projects(“Collaborative Innovation”Special Fund):YZ-1845Qihuang Project of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yard[2018]:284)Hubei Chinese Medicine Teacher Project(Bulletin of Hubei Health and Family Planning Commission[2018]:15)Hubei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,the First Tanhualin Famous Doctor,Student Training ProjectHubei Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine[2018]No.72Wuhan Young and Middle-aged Medical Backbone Talents(Sixth Batch)No.116Family Planning Tong[2018]Young Elite Scientist Sponsors Hip Program by CAST:No.2017QNRC001。
文摘Objective:To explore the effects of electroacupuncture pretreatment on mitochondrial energy metabolism in the rats with myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury(MIRI).Methods:A total of 60 SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into a sham-operation group(sham group),a myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury group(MIRI group)and an electroacupuncture pretreatment group(EA group),20 rats in each one.The rats in the sham group and the MIRI group were binded for 7 days,once a day,20 min each time.On the 8th day,the sample was collected after the heart exposed for 50 min in thoractomy in the sham group and the sample was collected after ischemia for 20 min and reperfusion for 30 min in thoractomy in the MIRI group.In the EA group,the pretreatment intervention with electroacupuncture was applied at"Neiguan(内关PC6)","Guanyuan(关元CV4)"and"Zusanli(足三里ST36)"in the rats for 7 days,once a day,20 min each time.On the 8th day,after ischemia for 20 min and reperfusion for 30 min in thoractomy,the sample was collected in the EA group.The changes in STⅡsegment of electroacardiogram(ECG)were observed and measured.Using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),the concentrations of cardiac troponin T(cTnT)and cardiac troponin I(cTnl)were detected.Using nitro blue tetrazolium chloride monohydrate(NBT)staining,the myocardial infarction weight percentage was measured.Using ELISA,the concentrations of mitochondrial adenosine monophosphate(AMP),adenosine diphosphate(ADP)and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)were detected.Results:(1)STⅡchanges:in 20 min of ligation,compared with the sham group,the STⅡsegment of electrocardiograph(ECG)was elevated significantly in the MIRI group and EA group(both P<0.01),but the elevation range in the EA group was lower than that of the MIRI group(P<0.01).After reperfusion for30 min,the STⅡsegment was fallen by over 50%in the MIRI group and the EA group.Simultaneously,the STⅡsegment in the EA group was lower than that of the MIRI group(P<0.01).(2)Regarding myocardial infarction weight percentage,compared with the sham group,the infarction weight was larger in the MIRI group and the EA group(both P<0.05)and the infarction weight in the EA group was lower than that of the MIRI group(P<0.05).(3)Regarding the levels of serum cTnt and cTnI,compared with the sham group,the levels of serum cTnT and cTnI were higher in the MIRI group and the EA group(all P<0.01)and the levels of cTnT and cTnI in the EA group were lower than that of the MIRI group(both P<0.01).(4)Regarding the concentrations of AMP,ADP and ATP,compared with the sham group,ATP concentration was lower in the MIRI group and the EA group(both P<0.01)and the concentrations of AMP and ADP were higher(P<0.05,P<0.01).Compared with the MIRI group,ATP concentration was higher in the EA group(P<0.05)and the concentrations of AMP and ADP were lower(both P<0.01).Conclusions:Electroacupuncture pretreatment reduces the elevation of ECG STⅡsegment,decreases the concentrations of myocardial injury markers,cTnT and cTnI and regulates the transfer among AMP,ATP and ADP.The protective effect of electroacupuncture pretreatment may result from the regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA050400 and2017YFC0906900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31722033,91649123,31671484,31225008,and 31470833)+4 种基金the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(14XD1401400,16430723100,and 15YF1402600)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(to YZ)Shanghai Young Top-notch Talent(to YZ)the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering(to YY)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(to YY and YZ)
文摘The brain has very high energy requirements and consumes 20% of the oxygen and 25% of the glucose in the human body. Therefore, the molecular mechanism under- lying how the brain metabolizes substances to support neural activity is a fundamental issue for neuroscience studies. A well-known model in the brain, the astrocyte- neuron lactate shuttle, postulates that glucose uptake and glycolytic activity are enhanced in astrocytes upon neu- ronal activation and that astrocytes transport lactate into neurons to fulfill their energy requirements. Current evidence for this hypothesis has yet to reach a clear consensus, and new concepts beyond the shuttle hypothesis are emerging. The discrepancy is largely attributed to the lack of a critical method for real-time monitoring of metabolic dynamics at cellular resolution. Recent advances in fluorescent protein-based sensors allow the generation of a sensitive, specific, real-time readout of subcellular metabolites and fill the current technological gap. Here,we summarize the development of genetically encoded metabolite sensors and their applications in assessing cell metabolism in living cells and in vivo, and we believe that these tools will help to address the issue of elucidating neural energy metabolism.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30772256,No.81071546 and No.81272148Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China,No.BK2012703
文摘AIM: To investigate the possible mechanisms of exogenous carbon monoxide-releasing molecule II (CORM-2) intervention on hepatic energy metabolism in experimental sepsis.
基金financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China（31070366 and 31470472）the Zhejiang Province Natural Science Foundation（LY13C030005）
文摘Food resources play an important role in the regulation of animals’ physiology and behavior. We investigated the effect of short-term food restriction on metabolic thermogenesis of Chinese bulbuls（Pycnonotus sinensis） by measuring changes in body mass, body fat, basic metabolic rate（BMR）, and organ mass of wild-caught Chinese bulbuls from Wenzhou, China. Short-term food restriction induced a significant decrease in body mass and body fat but body mass returned to normal levels soon after food was no longer restricted. Food restriction caused a significant reduction in BMR after 7 days（P〈0.05）, which returned to normal levels after food restriction ceased. Log total BMR was positively correlated with log body mass（r2=0.126, P〈0.05）. The dry masses of livers and the digestive tract were higher in birds that had been subject to temporary food restriction than in control birds and those subject to continual food restriction（P〈0.001 and P〈0.05, respectively）. There was also significant differences in the dry mass of the lungs（P〈0.05）, heart（P〈0.01）, and spleen（P〈0.05） in birds subject to short-term food restriction compared to control birds and those subject to continual food restriction. BMR was positively correlated with body and organ（heart, kidney and stomach） mass. These results suggest that the Chinese bulbul adjusts to restricted food availability by utilizing its energy reserves, lowering its BMR and changing the weight of various internal organs so as to balance total energy requirements. These may all be survival strategies that allow birds to cope with unpredictable variation in food abundance.
基金This work was financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81773594,U1703111,81473254 and 81773637,31270399)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC1807182)+2 种基金Program for Liaoning Innovation Talents in University(No.LR2016002)Liaoning Province Natural Science Foundation(No.2019-MS-299)Shenyang Planning Project of Science and Technology(No.18-013-0-46).
文摘In the 1920s,Dr Otto Warburg first suggested the significant difference in energy metabolism between malignant cancer cells and adjacent normal cells.Tumor cells mainly adopt the glycolysis as energy source to maintain tumor cell growth and biosynthesis under aerobic conditions.Investigation on energy metabolism pathway in cancer cells has aroused the interest of cancer researchers all around the world.In recent years,plentiful studics suggest that targeting the peculiar cancer energy metabolic pathways,including glycolysis,mitochondrial respiration,amino acid metabolism,and fatty acid oxidation may be an effective strategy to starve cancer cells by blocking essential nutrients.Natural products (NPs)are considered as the “treasure trove of small molecules drugs” and have played an extremely remarkable role in the discovery and development of anticancer drugs.And numerous NPs have been reported to act on cancer energy metabolism targets.Herein,a comprehensive overview about cancer energy metabolism targets and their natural-occurring inhibitors is prepared.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.31870493 and 31670375)the Basic Research Fees of Universities in Heilongjiang Province, China (No.135409103)。
文摘Dimethyl phthalate(DMP), used as a plasticizer in industrial products, exists widely in air,water and soil.Staphylococcus aureus is a typical model organism representing Gram-positive bacteria.The molecular mechanisms of DMP toxicology in S.aureus were researched by proteomic and transcriptomic analyses.The results showed that the cell wall, membrane and cell surface characteristics were damaged and the growth was inhibited in S.aureus by DMP.Oxidative stress was induced by DMP in S.aureus.The activities of succinic dehydrogenase(SDH) and ATPase were changed by DMP, which could impact energy metabolism.Based on proteomic and transcriptomic analyses, the oxidative phosphorylation pathway was enhanced and the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and pentose phosphate pathways were inhibited in S.aureus exposed to DMP.The results of real-time reverse transcription quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) further confirmed the results of the proteomic and transcriptomic analyses.Lactic acid, pyruvic acid and glucose were reduced by DMP in S.aureus, which suggested that DMP could inhibit energy metabolism.The results indicated that DMP damaged the cell wall and membrane, induced oxidative stress, and inhibited energy metabolism and activation in S.aureus.
基金The project is supported by National Nature Science Foun-dation(No.39870942)
文摘Objective: To examine the effect of Yuxingeng fluid (愈心梗液, YXGF) on myocardial energy metabolism in Wistar rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by observing the ultrastructure of mitochondria and the enzyme activities of rat myocardial adenosine triphosphate (ATP), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the content of glycogen. Methods; AMI models were established by ligature of left anterior descending coronary artery and then the rats with AMI were randomly divided into 7 groups: namely, blank group, model group, sham-operated group, captopil group, high-dose YXGF group, middle-dose YXGF group and low-dose YXGF group. From the next day after modeling, the rats were given YXGF through gastrogavage which lasted for 4 weeks. And then, the ultra-structure of mitochondria was observed by electronic microscope and the enzyme activities of ATP, SDH, ACP, ALP and the content of glycogen were determined. Results: Compared with model group, the other three groups of high-dose YXGF, middle-dose YXGF, low-dose YXGF and captopril group could protect the ultrastructure of mitochondria and significantly increase enzyme activities of ATP, SDH, ACP, ALP and the content of glycogen (P<0.01). Conclusion: YXGF can protect mitochondria and increase myocardial enzyme activities and the content of glycogen, which may be one of the mechanisms intervening in the pathological course of the early ventricular remodeling in rats with AMI.
