Laplace–Fourier(L-F)domain finite-difference(FD)forward modeling is an important foundation for L-F domain full-waveform inversion(FWI).An optimal modeling method can improve the efficiency and accuracy of FWI.A fl e...Laplace–Fourier(L-F)domain finite-difference(FD)forward modeling is an important foundation for L-F domain full-waveform inversion(FWI).An optimal modeling method can improve the efficiency and accuracy of FWI.A fl exible FD stencil,which requires pairing and centrosymmetricity of the involved gridpoints,is used on the basis of the 2D L-F domain acoustic wave equation.The L-F domain numerical dispersion analysis is then performed by minimizing the phase error of the normalized numerical phase and attenuation propagation velocities to obtain the optimization coefficients.An optimal FD forward modeling method is finally developed for the L-F domain acoustic wave equation and applied to the traditional standard 9-point scheme and 7-and 9-point schemes,where the latter two schemes are used in discontinuous-grid FD modeling.Numerical experiments show that the optimal L-F domain FD modeling method not only has high accuracy but can also be applied to equal and unequal directional sampling intervals and discontinuous-grid FD modeling to reduce computational cost.展开更多
Geomagnetic storm events have a strong influence on the ionosphere–thermosphere(I-T)coupling system.Analyzing the regional response process of the I-T system and its differences across the northern and southern hemis...Geomagnetic storm events have a strong influence on the ionosphere–thermosphere(I-T)coupling system.Analyzing the regional response process of the I-T system and its differences across the northern and southern hemispheres is an important but challenging task.In this study,we used a combination of multiple observations and a model simulation to examine the north–south hemispheric difference in the I-T coupling system in the American and Asian sectors during the geomagnetic superstorm that occurred in May 2024.Observations of the total electron content(TEC)showed that the Asian sector had negative storms in the northern hemisphere and positive storms in the southern hemisphere,a process that exacerbated the hemispheric differences in the TEC.However,both hemispheres of the American sector showed negative storms.The thermospheric composition changes also differed between the two sectors,and their variation could partially explain the hemispheric differences caused by positive and negative storms.Moreover,the influence of the thermospheric density change was less than that of the thermospheric composition.Finally,the dynamic effect of the thermospheric wind and the plasma transport processes strongly modulated the north–south differences in the TEC at nighttime in the American and Asian sectors,respectively,during this superstorm.展开更多
Globozoospermia is a severe form of teratozoospermia characterized by round-headed spermatozoa with an absent acrosome, an aberrant nuclear membrane and midpiece defects. Globozoospermia is diagnosed by the presence o...Globozoospermia is a severe form of teratozoospermia characterized by round-headed spermatozoa with an absent acrosome, an aberrant nuclear membrane and midpiece defects. Globozoospermia is diagnosed by the presence of 100% round-headed spermatozoa on semen analysis, and patients with this condition are absolutely infertile. The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in protein expression between human round- headed and normal spermatozoa. Two-dimensional （2-D） fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis （DIGE） coupled with mass spectrometry （MS） was used in this study. Over 61 protein spots were analysed in each paired normal/round-headed comparison, using DIGE technology along with an internal standard. In total, 35 protein spots identified by tandem mass spectrometry （MS/MS） exhibited significant changes （paired t-test, P 〈 0.05） in the expression level between normal and round-headed spermatozoa. A total of nine proteins were found to be upregulated and 26 proteins were found to be downregulated in round-headed spermatozoa compared with normal spermatozoa. The differentially expressed proteins that we identified may have important roles in a variety of cellular processes and structures, including spermatogenesis, cell skeleton, metabolism and spermatozoa motility.展开更多
The microstructure of aqueous CuCl2 has been studied through lots of technologies for many years; however, it remains a controversial subject. In this study, a new spectroscopic method has been proposed to analyze the...The microstructure of aqueous CuCl2 has been studied through lots of technologies for many years; however, it remains a controversial subject. In this study, a new spectroscopic method has been proposed to analyze the UV-visible spectra of thin fihn of CuCl2/H2O solutions at different concentrations. This method is the combination of ratio spectra, difference spectra and second order difference spectra. By using this method, two new bands at -230 and -380 nm are obviously observed. The bands are assigned as the contacted ion pairs [CuCl3（H2O）n]- or [CuCl4（H2O）n]2-, which demonstrates that ion pairs exist in the CuCl2/H2O solution. Such finding agrees with the recent theoretical spectra obtained by time-dependent density functional theory. Furthermore, the populations of the contacted ion pairs are discussed. This study not only offers the direct spectroscopic evidence of [CuCl3（H2O）n]- or [CuCl4（H2O）n]2- in aqueous CuCl2, but also suggests that the spec- troscopic analysis method is powerful to extract the weak bands in a strong overlapping spectrum.展开更多
The stable coordinated metallo-complexes based on 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine(tpy)and its derivatives have been widely researched for various wide-ranging applications in photoelectronics,catalysis,sensor,photoluminesce...The stable coordinated metallo-complexes based on 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine(tpy)and its derivatives have been widely researched for various wide-ranging applications in photoelectronics,catalysis,sensor,photoluminescence,and so on.However,the most reported studies ignored the comprehensive comparison between structures modified by different positions and photoluminescence.Herein,we design a series of metallo-complexes which were assembled with tpy substituted triphenylamine(TPA)at different positions and metal ions and explored their photophysical properties.In the solution state,MLE_(2)based on the 5,5″-positions modification showed the highest PLQYs and PL intensity.With the increase of solvent polarity,MLB2exhibit the largest redshift.In the solid state,from MLA_(2)to MLE_(2),the emission colours are gradually red-shifted from yellow to red.The findings in this work may pave a new way to design functional metallo-complexes,not just for PL properties.展开更多
This paper introduces a real-time high precision measurement of phase difference based on Field Programmable Gate Array（FPGA） technology,which has been successfully applied to laser grating interference measurement ...This paper introduces a real-time high precision measurement of phase difference based on Field Programmable Gate Array（FPGA） technology,which has been successfully applied to laser grating interference measurement and real-time feedback of plasma electron density in HL-2A tokamak.It can track the changes of electron density while setting the starting point of the density curve to zero.In a laboratory test,the measuring accuracy of phase difference is less than 0.1°,the time resolution is 80 ns,and the feedback delay is 180 μs.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the mechanism of JAK2/STAT3/SOCS1 signaling pathway in electroacupuncture of different acupoints on acute colitis rats.Methods:36 SPF SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups,with 6 rats in...Objective:To investigate the mechanism of JAK2/STAT3/SOCS1 signaling pathway in electroacupuncture of different acupoints on acute colitis rats.Methods:36 SPF SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups,with 6 rats in each group.The rat model of acute colitis was prepared by enema with glacial acetic acid solution.After the model was established,electroacupuncture was given to each acupoint group,with density wave,frequency 2Hz-50 Hz,intensity 2 mA,muscle tremor as the degree 20 min/time,1 time/day,for 3 consecutive days.Observe the general condition of rats;the pathological changes of colonic mucosa in rats were observed by HE method.The contents of serum interleukin-4(IL-4)and interleukin-8(IL-8)were detected by ELISA.Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of JAK2,STAT3,SOCS1 protein and mRNA in rat colon tissue.Results:In contrast to the normal group,the overall condition of the model group was worse,the colonic mucosa was severely damaged,even necrotic,and the ulcer surface was obvious.The content of IL-4 in serum was obviously reduced,and the content of IL-8 was obviously go up(P<0.01).The protein content of JAK2,STAT3 and the expression of JAK2,STAT3 mRNA in colon tissue of rats were obviously go up,while the protein content of SOCS1 and the expression of SOCS1 mRNA were obviously reduced(P<0.01).In contrast to the model group,the general condition of rats in each acupoint group was significantly improved,the damage and necrosis of colonic mucosa and ulcer surface were obviously alleviated,the content of IL-4 in serum was obviously go up,and the content of IL-8 was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The protein content of JAK2,STAT3 and the expression of JAK2,STAT3 mRNA in colon tissue of rats were obviously reduced,while the protein content of SOCS1 and the expression of SOCS1 mRNA were obviously go up(P<0.05,P<0.01).Comparison of different acupoint groups,the colonic mucosal injury in the Zusanli group was significantly reduced,the content of serum IL-4 was significantly increased,and the content of IL-8 was significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01).The protein content and mRNA expression of JAK2 and STAT3 in colon tissue were significantly down-regulated,while the protein content and mRNA expression of SOCS1 were significantly go up(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion:Electroacupuncture at each acupoint can improve the damage of colonic mucosa and reduce the inflammatory response.The therapeutic effect of Zusanli(ST36)is better than that of Tianshu(ST25),Dachangshu(BL25)and Shangjuxu(ST37).The mechanism may be related to the regulation of JAK2/STAT3/SOCS1 signaling pathway related proteins and inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-8.展开更多
An idea on interfacial equilibrium-potential differences () which are generated for the extraction of univalent metal picrate (MPic) and divalent ones (MPic2) by crown ethers (L) into high-polar diluents was improved....An idea on interfacial equilibrium-potential differences () which are generated for the extraction of univalent metal picrate (MPic) and divalent ones (MPic2) by crown ethers (L) into high-polar diluents was improved. These potentials were clarified with some experimental extraction-data reported before on the M = Ag(I), Ca(II), Sr(II) and Ba(II) extraction with 18-crown-6 ether (18C6) and benzo-18C6 into 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) and nitrobenzene (NB). Consequently, it was demonstrated that the? values from the extraction-experimentally obtained logKD,Pic ones are in agreement with or close to those calculated from charge balance equations in many cases, where the symbol, KD,Pic, denotes an individual distribution constant of Pic﹣ into the DCE or NB phase. Also, it was experimentally shown that extraction constants based on the overall extraction equilibria do not virtually contain the? terms in their functional expressions.展开更多
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is common among people with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to assess the proportion of MS and its individual components among type 2 diabetic adults, to stratify the...Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is common among people with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to assess the proportion of MS and its individual components among type 2 diabetic adults, to stratify these by gender and to determine their association with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Method: A cross-sectional multicentre study was conducted in public and private sector clinics in Karachi, Pakistan. A pretested structured questionnaire and medical records were used to collect information from 889 people with type 2 diabetes after informed consent. Chi-square test and odds ratios with 95% CI were used to assess the association of MS, its components and IHD. Adjusted odds ratios were used to evaluate the differences of MS and its components by gender. Results: In all, 70% of the participants had MS. The likelihood of having IHD among those with MS was higher (OR = 3.21;95%CI = 2.22 - 4.65). Of the individual MS components, obesity conferred the strongest association with IHD (OR = 2.57;95%CI = 1.91 - 3.43). Multivariate analysis showed an increased proportion of MS among women (AOR = 1.63;95%CI = 1.18 - 2.24). Of the individual MS components, women had a higher prevalence of obesity (AOR = 4.70;95%CI = 3.30 - 6.70). Conclusion: A very high burden of MS among type 2 diabetics has been identified in this study. Dedicated interventions are needed to prevent/delay the onset of MS and the associated morbidity and mortality.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed sex-based differences in anti-viral responses,with a higher rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections as well as a higher rate of morbidity and mortality in men than in women.Males and females a...The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed sex-based differences in anti-viral responses,with a higher rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections as well as a higher rate of morbidity and mortality in men than in women.Males and females also show disparate immune responses to COVID-19 infection,which may be important contributors to lower rates of infection,disease severity and deaths in women than in men.Here,the authors review sex differences in SARS-CoV-2 infections,anti-viral immunity and vaccine responses,putting forth the importance of sex,the underappreciated variables in vaccine response and disease infectivity.展开更多
The potential difference between positive and negative ions was utilized to improve the homogenized dispersion of nanoscale Al_(2)O_(3) whiskers in Mg matrix composites.The Mg powders were decorated with sodium dodecy...The potential difference between positive and negative ions was utilized to improve the homogenized dispersion of nanoscale Al_(2)O_(3) whiskers in Mg matrix composites.The Mg powders were decorated with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(C_(18)H_(29)NaO_(3)S,SDBS)and were introduced to the cathode group on their surface.The Al_(2)O_(3) whiskers were modified by the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(C_(19)H_(42)BrN,CTAB)and were featured in the anode group.The suitable contents of CTAB and SDBS,the application atmosphere,and the type of solvents were investigated.Dispersion results showed that adding 2wt%SDBS into Mg powders and adding 2wt%CTAB into Al_(2)O_(3) whiskers pro-moted the formation of more uniformly mixed composite powders,compared to those of conventional ball milling via scanning electron micro-scopy(SEM)analysis.Meanwhile,the calculated results derived from first-principle calculations also demonstrated the stronger cohesion between Al_(2)O_(3) whisker reinforcements and Mg matrix than undecorated composite powders.After preparation by powder metallurgy,the mor-phology,grain size,hardness,and standard deviation coefficient of composites were analyzed to evaluate the dispersed efficiency.The results indicated that the modification of homogenized dispersed Al_(2)O_(3) whiskers in composites contributed to the refinement of 26%in grain size and the improvement of 20%in hardness compared with pure Mg,and the reduction of 32.5%in the standard deviation coefficient of hardness compared with the ball-milling sample.展开更多
目的:应用网络药理学方法探讨三仁汤治疗多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)和2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)的作用机制,为中药“异病同治”提供科学的理论依据。方法:利用中药数据库(traditional Chinese med...目的:应用网络药理学方法探讨三仁汤治疗多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)和2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)的作用机制,为中药“异病同治”提供科学的理论依据。方法:利用中药数据库(traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform,TCMSP)、中医药综合数据库(traditional Chinese medicine integrated database,TCMID)、中医药整合药理学研究平台(integrative pharmacology-based research platform of traditional Chinese medicine,TCMIP)、中药成分靶点平台2.0(HIT 2.0)、传统中医分子机制生物信息学分析工具(bioinformatics analysis tool for molecular mechANism of traditional Chinese medicine,BATMAN-TCM)、草药-中医证候-西医症状-成分-靶标-疾病关联网络数据库(symmap integrates traditional Chinese medicine,SymMap)等平台获取和筛选三仁汤的活性成分,并判断其生物活性;得到有效活性成分对应的靶点基因,输入Uniprot数据库,将靶点标准化;利用人类基因组数据库(the Human Gene database,GeneCards)、药物靶标数据库(therapeutic target database,TTD)、比较毒物基因组学数据库(the comparative toxicogenomics database,CTD)和药物银行数据库(DrugBank)获取PCOS和T2DM疾病靶点,得到三仁汤治疗PCOS和T2DM的共同作用靶点;采用Cytoscape 3.7.1软件绘制三仁汤“异病同治”的“单味药-活性成分-共同靶点”网络图;利用STRING平台绘制蛋白相互作用网络;通过注释、可视化和综合发现数据库(the database for annotation,visualization and integrated discovery,DAVID)、R语言(R studio)等平台进行生物过程分析,获得Mode节点分析、基因本体论(gene ontology,GO)富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)富集分析结果。结果:共筛选得到三仁汤有效活性成分50个、PCOS疾病靶点23332个、T2DM疾病靶点28438个,三仁汤“异病同治”PCOS和T2DM的共同靶点214个;蛋白质相互作用(protein-protein interaction networks,PPI)筛选出39个关键靶点;GO及KEGG富集分析结果显示:三仁汤“异病同治”主要涉及炎症反应、缺氧反应、凋亡过程、HIF-1信号通路、钙离子信号通路、胰岛素抵抗等;MCODE分析结果显示:三仁汤“异病同治”可能与活性氧反应、凋亡相关信号通路、白细胞介素17(interleukin-17,IL-17)信号通路、脂肪酸代谢过程等相关;三仁汤“异病同治”的关键靶点为蛋白激酶B1(protein kinase b alpha,AKT1)、肿瘤蛋白53(tumor protein p53,TP53)、半胱天冬酶3(caspase 3,CASP3)、肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor Necrosis Factor,TNF)及IL-6等。结论:三仁汤可能通过多靶点、多通路、多途径的作用机制,对PCOS和T2DM患者发挥作用,取得异病同治的效果。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.41604037)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(no.2022CFB125)+2 种基金Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources(Yangtze University)Ministry of Education(no.K2021-09)College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(no.2019053)。
文摘Laplace–Fourier(L-F)domain finite-difference(FD)forward modeling is an important foundation for L-F domain full-waveform inversion(FWI).An optimal modeling method can improve the efficiency and accuracy of FWI.A fl exible FD stencil,which requires pairing and centrosymmetricity of the involved gridpoints,is used on the basis of the 2D L-F domain acoustic wave equation.The L-F domain numerical dispersion analysis is then performed by minimizing the phase error of the normalized numerical phase and attenuation propagation velocities to obtain the optimization coefficients.An optimal FD forward modeling method is finally developed for the L-F domain acoustic wave equation and applied to the traditional standard 9-point scheme and 7-and 9-point schemes,where the latter two schemes are used in discontinuous-grid FD modeling.Numerical experiments show that the optimal L-F domain FD modeling method not only has high accuracy but can also be applied to equal and unequal directional sampling intervals and discontinuous-grid FD modeling to reduce computational cost.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42030202, 42241115, and 42174204)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2023M743467)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. Y202021)the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFF0504400)the Opening Funding of the Chinese Academy of Sciences dedicated to the Chinese Meridian Project
文摘Geomagnetic storm events have a strong influence on the ionosphere–thermosphere(I-T)coupling system.Analyzing the regional response process of the I-T system and its differences across the northern and southern hemispheres is an important but challenging task.In this study,we used a combination of multiple observations and a model simulation to examine the north–south hemispheric difference in the I-T coupling system in the American and Asian sectors during the geomagnetic superstorm that occurred in May 2024.Observations of the total electron content(TEC)showed that the Asian sector had negative storms in the northern hemisphere and positive storms in the southern hemisphere,a process that exacerbated the hemispheric differences in the TEC.However,both hemispheres of the American sector showed negative storms.The thermospheric composition changes also differed between the two sectors,and their variation could partially explain the hemispheric differences caused by positive and negative storms.Moreover,the influence of the thermospheric density change was less than that of the thermospheric composition.Finally,the dynamic effect of the thermospheric wind and the plasma transport processes strongly modulated the north–south differences in the TEC at nighttime in the American and Asian sectors,respectively,during this superstorm.
基金Acknowledgment We thank Beijing Proteome Research Center, （Beijing, China） for its enthusiastic technological support and for the theory of 2-D DIGE. We also thank（Changsha, China） College of Life Sciences at Hunan Normal University for supporting the MS technology. Finally, we are very grateful to our collaborators for their help, as well as their valuable discussions and suggestions during the course of this work. This work was supported by two grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NO. 30170480 and NO. 30470884）.
文摘Globozoospermia is a severe form of teratozoospermia characterized by round-headed spermatozoa with an absent acrosome, an aberrant nuclear membrane and midpiece defects. Globozoospermia is diagnosed by the presence of 100% round-headed spermatozoa on semen analysis, and patients with this condition are absolutely infertile. The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in protein expression between human round- headed and normal spermatozoa. Two-dimensional （2-D） fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis （DIGE） coupled with mass spectrometry （MS） was used in this study. Over 61 protein spots were analysed in each paired normal/round-headed comparison, using DIGE technology along with an internal standard. In total, 35 protein spots identified by tandem mass spectrometry （MS/MS） exhibited significant changes （paired t-test, P 〈 0.05） in the expression level between normal and round-headed spermatozoa. A total of nine proteins were found to be upregulated and 26 proteins were found to be downregulated in round-headed spermatozoa compared with normal spermatozoa. The differentially expressed proteins that we identified may have important roles in a variety of cellular processes and structures, including spermatogenesis, cell skeleton, metabolism and spermatozoa motility.
文摘The microstructure of aqueous CuCl2 has been studied through lots of technologies for many years; however, it remains a controversial subject. In this study, a new spectroscopic method has been proposed to analyze the UV-visible spectra of thin fihn of CuCl2/H2O solutions at different concentrations. This method is the combination of ratio spectra, difference spectra and second order difference spectra. By using this method, two new bands at -230 and -380 nm are obviously observed. The bands are assigned as the contacted ion pairs [CuCl3（H2O）n]- or [CuCl4（H2O）n]2-, which demonstrates that ion pairs exist in the CuCl2/H2O solution. Such finding agrees with the recent theoretical spectra obtained by time-dependent density functional theory. Furthermore, the populations of the contacted ion pairs are discussed. This study not only offers the direct spectroscopic evidence of [CuCl3（H2O）n]- or [CuCl4（H2O）n]2- in aqueous CuCl2, but also suggests that the spec- troscopic analysis method is powerful to extract the weak bands in a strong overlapping spectrum.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22271116 and 22071079 for M.W)Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department(No.20230101027JC for M.W.)the fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M701383 for J.S)。
文摘The stable coordinated metallo-complexes based on 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine(tpy)and its derivatives have been widely researched for various wide-ranging applications in photoelectronics,catalysis,sensor,photoluminescence,and so on.However,the most reported studies ignored the comprehensive comparison between structures modified by different positions and photoluminescence.Herein,we design a series of metallo-complexes which were assembled with tpy substituted triphenylamine(TPA)at different positions and metal ions and explored their photophysical properties.In the solution state,MLE_(2)based on the 5,5″-positions modification showed the highest PLQYs and PL intensity.With the increase of solvent polarity,MLB2exhibit the largest redshift.In the solid state,from MLA_(2)to MLE_(2),the emission colours are gradually red-shifted from yellow to red.The findings in this work may pave a new way to design functional metallo-complexes,not just for PL properties.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11375195,11075048)the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China(No.2013GB104003)
文摘This paper introduces a real-time high precision measurement of phase difference based on Field Programmable Gate Array（FPGA） technology,which has been successfully applied to laser grating interference measurement and real-time feedback of plasma electron density in HL-2A tokamak.It can track the changes of electron density while setting the starting point of the density curve to zero.In a laboratory test,the measuring accuracy of phase difference is less than 0.1°,the time resolution is 80 ns,and the feedback delay is 180 μs.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(No.201801D121358)"Basic Research Special Project"of Shanxi University of Tradit Chin Med Science and Technology Innovation Ability Cultivation Program(No.2021PY-JC-13)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the mechanism of JAK2/STAT3/SOCS1 signaling pathway in electroacupuncture of different acupoints on acute colitis rats.Methods:36 SPF SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups,with 6 rats in each group.The rat model of acute colitis was prepared by enema with glacial acetic acid solution.After the model was established,electroacupuncture was given to each acupoint group,with density wave,frequency 2Hz-50 Hz,intensity 2 mA,muscle tremor as the degree 20 min/time,1 time/day,for 3 consecutive days.Observe the general condition of rats;the pathological changes of colonic mucosa in rats were observed by HE method.The contents of serum interleukin-4(IL-4)and interleukin-8(IL-8)were detected by ELISA.Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of JAK2,STAT3,SOCS1 protein and mRNA in rat colon tissue.Results:In contrast to the normal group,the overall condition of the model group was worse,the colonic mucosa was severely damaged,even necrotic,and the ulcer surface was obvious.The content of IL-4 in serum was obviously reduced,and the content of IL-8 was obviously go up(P<0.01).The protein content of JAK2,STAT3 and the expression of JAK2,STAT3 mRNA in colon tissue of rats were obviously go up,while the protein content of SOCS1 and the expression of SOCS1 mRNA were obviously reduced(P<0.01).In contrast to the model group,the general condition of rats in each acupoint group was significantly improved,the damage and necrosis of colonic mucosa and ulcer surface were obviously alleviated,the content of IL-4 in serum was obviously go up,and the content of IL-8 was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The protein content of JAK2,STAT3 and the expression of JAK2,STAT3 mRNA in colon tissue of rats were obviously reduced,while the protein content of SOCS1 and the expression of SOCS1 mRNA were obviously go up(P<0.05,P<0.01).Comparison of different acupoint groups,the colonic mucosal injury in the Zusanli group was significantly reduced,the content of serum IL-4 was significantly increased,and the content of IL-8 was significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01).The protein content and mRNA expression of JAK2 and STAT3 in colon tissue were significantly down-regulated,while the protein content and mRNA expression of SOCS1 were significantly go up(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion:Electroacupuncture at each acupoint can improve the damage of colonic mucosa and reduce the inflammatory response.The therapeutic effect of Zusanli(ST36)is better than that of Tianshu(ST25),Dachangshu(BL25)and Shangjuxu(ST37).The mechanism may be related to the regulation of JAK2/STAT3/SOCS1 signaling pathway related proteins and inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-8.
文摘An idea on interfacial equilibrium-potential differences () which are generated for the extraction of univalent metal picrate (MPic) and divalent ones (MPic2) by crown ethers (L) into high-polar diluents was improved. These potentials were clarified with some experimental extraction-data reported before on the M = Ag(I), Ca(II), Sr(II) and Ba(II) extraction with 18-crown-6 ether (18C6) and benzo-18C6 into 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) and nitrobenzene (NB). Consequently, it was demonstrated that the? values from the extraction-experimentally obtained logKD,Pic ones are in agreement with or close to those calculated from charge balance equations in many cases, where the symbol, KD,Pic, denotes an individual distribution constant of Pic﹣ into the DCE or NB phase. Also, it was experimentally shown that extraction constants based on the overall extraction equilibria do not virtually contain the? terms in their functional expressions.
文摘Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is common among people with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to assess the proportion of MS and its individual components among type 2 diabetic adults, to stratify these by gender and to determine their association with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Method: A cross-sectional multicentre study was conducted in public and private sector clinics in Karachi, Pakistan. A pretested structured questionnaire and medical records were used to collect information from 889 people with type 2 diabetes after informed consent. Chi-square test and odds ratios with 95% CI were used to assess the association of MS, its components and IHD. Adjusted odds ratios were used to evaluate the differences of MS and its components by gender. Results: In all, 70% of the participants had MS. The likelihood of having IHD among those with MS was higher (OR = 3.21;95%CI = 2.22 - 4.65). Of the individual MS components, obesity conferred the strongest association with IHD (OR = 2.57;95%CI = 1.91 - 3.43). Multivariate analysis showed an increased proportion of MS among women (AOR = 1.63;95%CI = 1.18 - 2.24). Of the individual MS components, women had a higher prevalence of obesity (AOR = 4.70;95%CI = 3.30 - 6.70). Conclusion: A very high burden of MS among type 2 diabetics has been identified in this study. Dedicated interventions are needed to prevent/delay the onset of MS and the associated morbidity and mortality.
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed sex-based differences in anti-viral responses,with a higher rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections as well as a higher rate of morbidity and mortality in men than in women.Males and females also show disparate immune responses to COVID-19 infection,which may be important contributors to lower rates of infection,disease severity and deaths in women than in men.Here,the authors review sex differences in SARS-CoV-2 infections,anti-viral immunity and vaccine responses,putting forth the importance of sex,the underappreciated variables in vaccine response and disease infectivity.
基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52101123 and 52004227)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities-Interdisciplinary Research (No. 2682021ZTPY001)the Dongguan Scitech Commissioner (No. 20211800500102)
文摘The potential difference between positive and negative ions was utilized to improve the homogenized dispersion of nanoscale Al_(2)O_(3) whiskers in Mg matrix composites.The Mg powders were decorated with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(C_(18)H_(29)NaO_(3)S,SDBS)and were introduced to the cathode group on their surface.The Al_(2)O_(3) whiskers were modified by the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(C_(19)H_(42)BrN,CTAB)and were featured in the anode group.The suitable contents of CTAB and SDBS,the application atmosphere,and the type of solvents were investigated.Dispersion results showed that adding 2wt%SDBS into Mg powders and adding 2wt%CTAB into Al_(2)O_(3) whiskers pro-moted the formation of more uniformly mixed composite powders,compared to those of conventional ball milling via scanning electron micro-scopy(SEM)analysis.Meanwhile,the calculated results derived from first-principle calculations also demonstrated the stronger cohesion between Al_(2)O_(3) whisker reinforcements and Mg matrix than undecorated composite powders.After preparation by powder metallurgy,the mor-phology,grain size,hardness,and standard deviation coefficient of composites were analyzed to evaluate the dispersed efficiency.The results indicated that the modification of homogenized dispersed Al_(2)O_(3) whiskers in composites contributed to the refinement of 26%in grain size and the improvement of 20%in hardness compared with pure Mg,and the reduction of 32.5%in the standard deviation coefficient of hardness compared with the ball-milling sample.
文摘目的:应用网络药理学方法探讨三仁汤治疗多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)和2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)的作用机制,为中药“异病同治”提供科学的理论依据。方法:利用中药数据库(traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform,TCMSP)、中医药综合数据库(traditional Chinese medicine integrated database,TCMID)、中医药整合药理学研究平台(integrative pharmacology-based research platform of traditional Chinese medicine,TCMIP)、中药成分靶点平台2.0(HIT 2.0)、传统中医分子机制生物信息学分析工具(bioinformatics analysis tool for molecular mechANism of traditional Chinese medicine,BATMAN-TCM)、草药-中医证候-西医症状-成分-靶标-疾病关联网络数据库(symmap integrates traditional Chinese medicine,SymMap)等平台获取和筛选三仁汤的活性成分,并判断其生物活性;得到有效活性成分对应的靶点基因,输入Uniprot数据库,将靶点标准化;利用人类基因组数据库(the Human Gene database,GeneCards)、药物靶标数据库(therapeutic target database,TTD)、比较毒物基因组学数据库(the comparative toxicogenomics database,CTD)和药物银行数据库(DrugBank)获取PCOS和T2DM疾病靶点,得到三仁汤治疗PCOS和T2DM的共同作用靶点;采用Cytoscape 3.7.1软件绘制三仁汤“异病同治”的“单味药-活性成分-共同靶点”网络图;利用STRING平台绘制蛋白相互作用网络;通过注释、可视化和综合发现数据库(the database for annotation,visualization and integrated discovery,DAVID)、R语言(R studio)等平台进行生物过程分析,获得Mode节点分析、基因本体论(gene ontology,GO)富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)富集分析结果。结果:共筛选得到三仁汤有效活性成分50个、PCOS疾病靶点23332个、T2DM疾病靶点28438个,三仁汤“异病同治”PCOS和T2DM的共同靶点214个;蛋白质相互作用(protein-protein interaction networks,PPI)筛选出39个关键靶点;GO及KEGG富集分析结果显示:三仁汤“异病同治”主要涉及炎症反应、缺氧反应、凋亡过程、HIF-1信号通路、钙离子信号通路、胰岛素抵抗等;MCODE分析结果显示:三仁汤“异病同治”可能与活性氧反应、凋亡相关信号通路、白细胞介素17(interleukin-17,IL-17)信号通路、脂肪酸代谢过程等相关;三仁汤“异病同治”的关键靶点为蛋白激酶B1(protein kinase b alpha,AKT1)、肿瘤蛋白53(tumor protein p53,TP53)、半胱天冬酶3(caspase 3,CASP3)、肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor Necrosis Factor,TNF)及IL-6等。结论:三仁汤可能通过多靶点、多通路、多途径的作用机制,对PCOS和T2DM患者发挥作用,取得异病同治的效果。
