Optical neural networks(ONNs)are a class of emerging computing platforms that leverage the properties of light to perform ultra-fast computations with ultra-low energy consumption.ONNs often use CCD cameras as the out...Optical neural networks(ONNs)are a class of emerging computing platforms that leverage the properties of light to perform ultra-fast computations with ultra-low energy consumption.ONNs often use CCD cameras as the output layer.In this work,we propose the use of perovskite solar cells as a promising alternative to imaging cameras in ONN designs.Solar cells are ubiquitous,versatile,highly customizable,and can be fabricated quickly in laboratories.Their large acquisition area and outstanding efficiency enable them to generate output signals with a large dynamic range without the need for amplification.Here we have experimentally demonstrated the feasibility of using perovskite solar cells for capturing ONN output states,as well as the capability of single-layer random ONNs to achieve excellent performance even with a very limited number of pixels.Our results show that the solar-cell-based ONN setup consistently outperforms the same setup with CCD cameras of the same resolution.These findings highlight the potential of solar-cell-based ONNs as an ideal choice for automated and battery-free edge-computing applications.展开更多
Using the spontaneously synchronized clapping in a concert hall as a special case, we build a nonlinear emergent model to characterize the collective behaviors of the complex multi-agent systems. Based on this model, ...Using the spontaneously synchronized clapping in a concert hall as a special case, we build a nonlinear emergent model to characterize the collective behaviors of the complex multi-agent systems. Based on this model, we develop an experimental platform for emergent computation, which only depends on the local interaction and reveals the uncertainty and diversity of emergent behaviors. By analyzing the data in the procedure of many hands clapping, we find that there exists an obvious critical region generated in the procedure from disorder to synchronization. More- over, we propose a fundamental synchronous criterion as follows： If the coupling coefficients c1 and c2 satisfy the condition 0.02≤c2=≤0.965c1＋0.018, then the clapping can realize synchronization.展开更多
基金support from the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of ScotlandPRIN 2022597MBS PHERMIACsupported by the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program(Grant Agreement No.819346)。
文摘Optical neural networks(ONNs)are a class of emerging computing platforms that leverage the properties of light to perform ultra-fast computations with ultra-low energy consumption.ONNs often use CCD cameras as the output layer.In this work,we propose the use of perovskite solar cells as a promising alternative to imaging cameras in ONN designs.Solar cells are ubiquitous,versatile,highly customizable,and can be fabricated quickly in laboratories.Their large acquisition area and outstanding efficiency enable them to generate output signals with a large dynamic range without the need for amplification.Here we have experimentally demonstrated the feasibility of using perovskite solar cells for capturing ONN output states,as well as the capability of single-layer random ONNs to achieve excellent performance even with a very limited number of pixels.Our results show that the solar-cell-based ONN setup consistently outperforms the same setup with CCD cameras of the same resolution.These findings highlight the potential of solar-cell-based ONNs as an ideal choice for automated and battery-free edge-computing applications.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB310800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60375016, 60496323 and 60675032)
文摘Using the spontaneously synchronized clapping in a concert hall as a special case, we build a nonlinear emergent model to characterize the collective behaviors of the complex multi-agent systems. Based on this model, we develop an experimental platform for emergent computation, which only depends on the local interaction and reveals the uncertainty and diversity of emergent behaviors. By analyzing the data in the procedure of many hands clapping, we find that there exists an obvious critical region generated in the procedure from disorder to synchronization. More- over, we propose a fundamental synchronous criterion as follows： If the coupling coefficients c1 and c2 satisfy the condition 0.02≤c2=≤0.965c1＋0.018, then the clapping can realize synchronization.
