TiB_(2)coatings can significantly enhance the high-temperature oxidation resistance of molybdenum,which would broaden the application range of molybdenum and alloys thereof.However,traditional methods for preparing Ti...TiB_(2)coatings can significantly enhance the high-temperature oxidation resistance of molybdenum,which would broaden the application range of molybdenum and alloys thereof.However,traditional methods for preparing TiB_(2)coatings have disadvantages such as high equipment costs,complicated processes,and highly toxic gas emissions.This paper proposes an environmentally friendly method,which requires inexpensive equipment and simple processing,for preparing TiB_(2)coating on molybdenum via electrophoretic deposition within Na3AlF6-based molten salts.The produced TiB_(2)layer had an approximate thickness of 60μm and exhibited high density,outstanding hardness(38.2 GPa)and robust adhesion strength(51 N).Additionally,high-temperature oxidation experiments revealed that,at900℃,the TiB_(2)coating provided effective protection to the molybdenum substrate against oxidation for 3 h.This result indicates that the TiB_(2)coating prepared on molybdenum using molten salt electrophoretic deposition possesses good high-temperature oxidation resistance.展开更多
Electrophoretic deposition in conjunction with electrochemical reduction was used to make flexible free-standing graphene-like films. Firstly, graphene oxide （GO） film was deposited on graphite substrate by electrop...Electrophoretic deposition in conjunction with electrochemical reduction was used to make flexible free-standing graphene-like films. Firstly, graphene oxide （GO） film was deposited on graphite substrate by electrophoretic deposition method, and then reduced by subsequent electrochemical reduction of GO to obtain reduced GO （ERGO） film with high electrochemical performance. The morphology, structure and electrochemical performance of the prepared graphene-like film were confirmed by SEM, XRD and FT-IR. These unique materials were found to provide high specific capacitance and good cycling stability. The high specific capacitance of 254 F/g was obtained from cyclic voltammetry measurement at a scan rate of 10 mV/s. When the current density increased to 83.3 A/g, the specific capacitance values still remained 132 F/g. Meanwhile, the high powder density of 39.1 kW/kg was measured at energy density of 11.8 W-h/kg in 1 mol/L H2SO4 solution. Furthermore, at a constant scan rate of 50 mV/s, 97.02% of its capacitance was retained for 1000 cycles. These promising results were attributed to the unique assembly structure of graphene film and low contact resistance, which indicated their potential application to electrochemical capacitors.展开更多
The preparation of La0.4Sr0.6TiO3 （LSTO） buffer layer and YBa2Cu3O7-δ（YBCO） superconducting thick film by a low cost technology was studied. The crystal orientation of LSTO and YBCO films was detected by X-ray di...The preparation of La0.4Sr0.6TiO3 （LSTO） buffer layer and YBa2Cu3O7-δ（YBCO） superconducting thick film by a low cost technology was studied. The crystal orientation of LSTO and YBCO films was detected by X-ray diffraction, the conductivity of LSTO film and superconductivity of YBCO coating were investigated by standard four-probe method. Excellent in-plane alignment, smooth and dense LSTO buffer layer was successfully prepared on textured Ni-W taps by metal organic deposition （MOD）. YBCO thick film was fabricated by electrophoretic deposition （EPD）. The effects of applied voltage and deposition time on the YBCO coatings properties were studied. The results show that the critical current density of the YBCO coating deposited under 138 V for 35 min was about 600 A/cm2 （0 T, 77 K）.展开更多
YSZ/（Ni, Al） composite coatings were deposited on Inconel600 superalloy with ball peening （BP） and without （non BP）treatment using the electrophoretic deposition （EPD） technique, followed by vacuum sintering m...YSZ/（Ni, Al） composite coatings were deposited on Inconel600 superalloy with ball peening （BP） and without （non BP）treatment using the electrophoretic deposition （EPD） technique, followed by vacuum sintering method. The structures and phaseevolution of the coatings were studied with X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersivespectrometry （EDS）. The relation between microstructures and properties of the BPs-coated samples was discussed. The results showthat the adhesion strength and gain mass of the BPs-coated samples with isothermal oxidation at 1100℃ for 100 h are 3.3 N and0.00817 mg/cm^2, respectively, while those of the non-BPs-coated sample are 2.6 N and 0.00559 mg/cm^2, respectively. The EDSmapping analysis indicates that an obvious outward diffusion of Cr from the substrate to BPs coated samples occurs after isothermaloxidation. The BPs-coated sample shows the superior adhesion and oxidation resistance compared with non-BPs-coated samples.展开更多
Although in-situ growing carbon nanotubes （CNTs） on carbon fibers could greatly increase the matrix-dominated mechanical properties of carbon/carbon composites （C/Cs）, it always decreased the tensile strength of c...Although in-situ growing carbon nanotubes （CNTs） on carbon fibers could greatly increase the matrix-dominated mechanical properties of carbon/carbon composites （C/Cs）, it always decreased the tensile strength of carbon fibers. In this work, CNTs were introduced into unidirectional carbon fiber （CF） preforms by electrophoretic deposition （EPD） and they were used to reinforce C/Cs. Effects of the content of CNTs introduced by EPD on tensile property of unidirectional C/Cs were investigated. Results demonstrated that EPD could be used as a simple and efficient method to fabricate carbon nanotube reinforced C/Cs （CNT-C/Cs） with excellent tensile strength, which pays a meaningful way to maximize the global performance of CNT-C/Cs.展开更多
Thermite films are typical energetic materials(EMs)and have great value in initiating explosive devices.However,research in thermite film preparation is far behind that of research in thermite powders.Electrophoretic ...Thermite films are typical energetic materials(EMs)and have great value in initiating explosive devices.However,research in thermite film preparation is far behind that of research in thermite powders.Electrophoretic deposition(EPD)is an emerging,rapid coating method for film fabrication,including of energetic composite films.In this work,a polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)/Al/CuO organic-inorganic hybrid energetic film was successfully obtained using the above method for the first time.The addition of lithocholic acid as a surfactant into the electroplating suspension enabled PTFE to be charged.The combustion and energy release were analyzed by means of a high-speed camera and differential scanning calorimetery(DSC).It was found that the combustion process and energy release of PTFE/Al/CuO were much better than that of Al/CuO.The main reason for the excellent combustion performance of the hybrid PTFE/Al/CuO system was that the oxidability of PTFE accelerated the redox reaction between Al and CuO.The prepared PTFE/Al/CuO film was also employed as ignition material to fire a B-KNO_3 explosive successfully,indicating considerable potential for use as an ignition material in micro-ignitors.This study sheds light on the preparation of fluoropolymer-containing organic-inorganic hybrid energetic films by one-step electrophoretic deposition.展开更多
Multi-wall carbon nanotubes reinforced Mg-14Li-1Al composite(MWCNTs/Mg-14Li-1Al) was prepared by the processes of electrophoretic deposition, friction stir processing, and cold rolling. The microstructure and mechanic...Multi-wall carbon nanotubes reinforced Mg-14Li-1Al composite(MWCNTs/Mg-14Li-1Al) was prepared by the processes of electrophoretic deposition, friction stir processing, and cold rolling. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite were investigated. The results show that, the microhardness of the composite is up to HV 84.4, which is 91.38% higher than that of the as-cast matrix alloy(HV 44.1). The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the composite are 259 and 313 MPa, which are 135.45% and 115.86% higher than those of the as-cast matrix alloy, respectively, and a high specific strength of 221.98 k N·m/kg is obtained. In the composite, the MWCNTs serve as nucleation particles during the friction stir processing and cold rolling, causing dynamic recrystallization and grain refinement. Furthermore, MWCNTs hinder the movement of dislocations and transfer the load from the matrix alloy, thus improving the strength.展开更多
Electrophoretic display(EPD) technology has become one of the main supporting pillars of the electronic paper display industry.Despite its benefits,the EPD technology suffers from several disadvantages such as non-fix...Electrophoretic display(EPD) technology has become one of the main supporting pillars of the electronic paper display industry.Despite its benefits,the EPD technology suffers from several disadvantages such as non-fixed threshold voltage value for gray scale display.In addition,the display has to repeatedly refresh between white and black states to eliminate ghost image when it needs to update a new image.The traditional driving waveform for the EPD includes four stages: erasing the original image,resetting to black state,clearing to white state,and writing a new image.A flicker can be found when transferring between two adjacent stages.A new driving waveform based on the improvement of activation pattern is proposed to weaken the ghost image and reduce the flicker.Experimental results show that the proposed driving waveform could weaken the ghost image effectively and reduce the number of flickers by 50%.Compared with the traditional driving waveform,the driving waveform of this work has a better performance.展开更多
4 mol.% Y203 stabilized ZrO2 （YSZ） doped with various quantifies of Gd203 （G-YSZ） ceramic comings were synthesized by electrophoretic deposition method, and followed by vacuum sintering and isothermally annealing ...4 mol.% Y203 stabilized ZrO2 （YSZ） doped with various quantifies of Gd203 （G-YSZ） ceramic comings were synthesized by electrophoretic deposition method, and followed by vacuum sintering and isothermally annealing at 1000 ℃ for different durations. X-ray diffraction （XRD） was used to investigate their phase composition. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） was employed to examine their microstructure, while energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer （EDS） was used to assess composition of the composite coatings. The results indicated that YSZ coating was composed of tetragonal and monoclinic phase after vacuum sintefing at 1000 ~C for 2 h under vacuum （〈103 Pa）. G-YSZ composite coatings were composed of tetmgonal, monoclinic phase and a small amount of Gd2Zr207 phase after vacuum sintering at 1000 ℃ for 2 h, whereas the content ofmonoclinic phase in G-YSZ composite coatings in- creased with increasing Gd203 concentration. It was found that G-YSZ composite coatings were composed of tetragonal ZrO2 phase, monoclinic ZrO2 phase and cubic phase, whereas Gd2Zr207 phase disappeared, after G-YSZ composite coatings were isothermally annealed at 1000 ℃ in air for 100 h. A detailed description of the results and their discussion was presented in the paper.展开更多
The multiwalled carbon nanotubes thin-film-based electrode was fabricated by electrophoretic deposition and modified with copper （Cu） nanoparticles to fabricate Cu/CNTs nanocomposite sensor for nonenzymatic glucose ...The multiwalled carbon nanotubes thin-film-based electrode was fabricated by electrophoretic deposition and modified with copper （Cu） nanoparticles to fabricate Cu/CNTs nanocomposite sensor for nonenzymatic glucose detection. The expensive glassy carbon electrode was replaced by fluorine-doped tin oxide glass containing CNTs film to confine the Cu nanoparticles growth by electrodeposition through cyclic voltammetry （CV）. The ultraviolet visible and X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the successful deposition of Cu nanoparticles on the CNTs-modified electrode. The atomic force microscopy images confirrqed the morphology of electrodeposited Cu on CNTs film as uniformly dispersed particles. The electrocatalytic activity of electrode to the glucose oxidation was investigated in alkaline medium by CV and amperometric measurements. The fabricated sensor exhibited a fast response time of less than 5 s and the sensitivity of 314 μA rnM^-1 cm^-2 with linear concentration range （0.02-3.0 mM） having detection limit 10.0 μM. Due to simple preparation of sensor, Cu/CNTs nanocomposite electrodes are a suitable candidate for reliable determination of glucose with good stability.展开更多
Micro arc oxidation(MAO) and electrophoretic deposition(EPD) process are employed to fabricate a dense coating on magnesium alloy to protect it from corrosion in engineering application. The EPD film changes the dampi...Micro arc oxidation(MAO) and electrophoretic deposition(EPD) process are employed to fabricate a dense coating on magnesium alloy to protect it from corrosion in engineering application. The EPD film changes the damping characteristic of magnesium alloy, and both the MAO and EPD process change the bending stiffness of samples being treated. Damping loss factor(DLF) test and sound transmission experiments were carried out for AZ31 B magnesium alloy with coating fabricated by MAO and EPD processes. The results indicate that DLF is improved in frequency range from 0-850 Hz. Bending stiffness of the samples is improved with MAO and EPD treatment. As a result, the sound transmission loss(LST) is improved in the stiffness control stage of the sound transmission verse frequency curve. To the samples by electrophoresis process, the LST is improved in frequency range from 2500-3200 Hz, because the damping loss factor is improved with EPD process. The results are useful for the surface treatment to enhance the damping loss factor, LST and widespread application of magnesium alloy while improving the corrosion resistance.展开更多
The protein binding constant, binding sites of the Strychnos alkaloid-strychnine and bovine serum albumin （BSA） was determined by capillary electrophoretic frontal analysis （CE-FA） for the first time. The experime...The protein binding constant, binding sites of the Strychnos alkaloid-strychnine and bovine serum albumin （BSA） was determined by capillary electrophoretic frontal analysis （CE-FA） for the first time. The experiment was carried out in a polyacrylamide-coated fused silica capillary （48.4 cm×50 μm i.d., 38.1 cm effective length） with 20 mmol/L citrate/MES buffer （pH 6.0, ionic strength 0.17）. The applied voltage was 12 kV and detection wavelength was set at 257 nm. The plateau height of the peak was employed to determine the unbound concentration of drug in BSA equilibrated sample solution based on the external drug standard in the absence of protein. The present method provides a convenient, accurate technique for the early stage of drug screening.展开更多
A transparent energy storage device is an essential component for transparent electronics.The increasing demand for high-power devices stimulates the development of transparent supercapacitors with high power density....A transparent energy storage device is an essential component for transparent electronics.The increasing demand for high-power devices stimulates the development of transparent supercapacitors with high power density.A transparent electrode for such supercapacitors can be assembled via the electrophoretic deposition of an active material powder with a binder onto a transparent substrate.The properties of the binder critically influence the electrochemical behavior and performance of the resulting electrode.Ethyl cellulose(EC)is known as an eco-friendly,transparent,flexible,and inexpensive material.Here,we fabricated an electrode film with EC binder via electrophoretic deposition on an indium tin oxide(ITO)substrate instead of using the conventional polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)binder.The assembled electrodes with EC and PTFE were compared to investigate the feasibility of EC as a binder from different perspectives,including homogeneity,wettability,electrochemical behavior,and mechanical stability.The EC enabled the formation of a homogeneous film composed of smaller particles and with a higher specific capacitance compared with films prepared with PTFE.The annealing improved the adhesion strength of the EC because of its glass transition;however,its hydrophobic nature limited utilization of the active material for charge storage.Subsequent electrochemical activation improved the wettability of the electrode,resulting in an increased capacitance of 60 F g^(-1).Furthermore,even with the lower wettability of EC compared with that of PTFE,better rate performance was possible with the EC electrode.The increased mechanical stability after the annealing process ensured an excellent cycle life of 95%capacitance retention for 15,000 cycles.展开更多
Capillary electrophoretic immunoassay with laser-induced fluorescence detection for recombinant human interferon-gamma (IFN-g) was established. The limits of detection for three forms of IFN-g are 6.9 ng/L, 5.7 ng/L ...Capillary electrophoretic immunoassay with laser-induced fluorescence detection for recombinant human interferon-gamma (IFN-g) was established. The limits of detection for three forms of IFN-g are 6.9 ng/L, 5.7 ng/L and 5.0 ng/L, respectively.展开更多
Drawbacks of low efficiency and high cost of the electrode materials have restricted the wide applications of the thermo-electrochemical cells(TECs). Due to high specific areas and electrical conductivities, the low c...Drawbacks of low efficiency and high cost of the electrode materials have restricted the wide applications of the thermo-electrochemical cells(TECs). Due to high specific areas and electrical conductivities, the low cost multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWNTs) are promising alternative electrode materials. In this work, the MWNT films of up to 16 cm^2 were synthesized on stainless steel substrates by the electrophoretic deposition(EPD) to make the thermo-electrochemical electrodes. MWNT electrodes based on TECs were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and the long-term stability tests with the potassium ferri/ferrocyanide electrolyte. The TECs reached the current density of 45.2 A m^(-2) and the maximum power density of 0.82 W m^(-2). The relative power conversion efficiency of the MWNT electrode is 50 % higher than that for the Pt electrode. Meanwhile, the TECs was operated continuously for 300 h without performance degradation. With the priorities of low cost and simple fabrication, EPD-based MWNT TECs may become commercially viable.展开更多
Yttria-stablized zirconia(YSZ)/(Ni,Al)coatings were deposited on Inconel600alloy substrate by the electrophoreticdeposition combined with vacuum sintering technique.The effects of isothermal oxidation at1100°C on...Yttria-stablized zirconia(YSZ)/(Ni,Al)coatings were deposited on Inconel600alloy substrate by the electrophoreticdeposition combined with vacuum sintering technique.The effects of isothermal oxidation at1100°C on the composition of thecoatings and the crack healing were investigated,and the corrosion resistance of the coatings in3.5%NaCl(mass fraction)solutionwas also studied.The results showed that the cracks on the coating gradually healed up with the increase of the isothermal oxidationtime.During isothermal oxidation process,the coating composed of Ni3Al was transformed toα-Al2O3particulates.Theα-Al2O3particulates can seal the defects such as pores and cracks,and meanwhile prevent the oxygen diffusion into the coatings.Thepolarization curves and EIS results indicated that the coatings oxidized for40h had a more positive corrosion potential,higherbreakdown potential,higher impedance module at low frequency and much lower corrosion current density compared with YSZcoated and uncoated Inconel600alloys.展开更多
The effectiveness of optimizing electrical conductivity of carbon fiber/carbon nanotube （CNT）/epoxy hybrid composites via Taguchi method was demonstrated. CNTs were induced on carbon fabric by electrophoretic deposi...The effectiveness of optimizing electrical conductivity of carbon fiber/carbon nanotube （CNT）/epoxy hybrid composites via Taguchi method was demonstrated. CNTs were induced on carbon fabric by electrophoretic deposition （EPD） technique. The essential deposition parameters were identified as l） the deposition time, 2） the deposition voltage, 3） the mass fraction of CNTs in suspension, and 4） the distance between the electrodes. An experimental design was then performed to establish the appropriate levels for each factor. An orthogonal array of L9 （34） was designed to conduct the experiments. Electrical conductivity results were collected as the response. The relative influences of design parameters on the response were discussed. Using the model, signal to noise （S/N） ratio and response characteristics for the optimized deposition parameter combination were predicted. The results show clearly that the optimum condition of electrophoretic deposition （EPD） process improves the electrical conductivity of carbon/epoxy hybrid composites.展开更多
In the present study,the electrophoretic deposition method was successfully applied as a binder-free and scalable approach to deposit carbonaceous nanomaterials on carbon fiber paper(CFP)for cathode applications in Li...In the present study,the electrophoretic deposition method was successfully applied as a binder-free and scalable approach to deposit carbonaceous nanomaterials on carbon fiber paper(CFP)for cathode applications in Li-S batteries.The microstructural studies of the EPD-CNT film using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)revealed the formation of a crack-free and porous layer of CNTs being uniformly distributed on the CFP surface.The EPD:CFP/CNT/S cathode delivered a capacity around 2.2 times higher than that obtained in the absence of the EPD-CNT film(CFP/S cell)after 50 cycles and a capacity of935 mAh g^-1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 C.The EPD method was then employed to fabricate layer-by-layer structures where the EPD-CNT film was decorated with carbon black particles.The initial capacity as well as the reversible capacity after 100 cycles was further increased by the EPD:CFP/CNT/KB/S layer-by-layer structure to 1473 and 1033 mAh g^-1,respectively,indicating effective suppression of the shuttle effect.In addition,the rate performance of CFP/S was improved by depositing the EPD-CNT and EPD-CNT/carbon black architectures on CFP surface,and even further enhanced through the co-deposition of CNT and Pt nanoparticles by EPD,delivering a specific capacity of around 730 mAh g^-1 at 1 C.Finally,the cathodes fabricated by EPD were observed to outperform those made by the conventional casting method in terms of cycling performance,internal resistance,and polarization.This difference was ascribed to the non-uniform microstructure of the Cast-CNT film,which resulted in poor interfacial connection between the CNT agglomerates,hindering uniform sulfide/sulfur deposition during cycling.The obtained results suggested that the binder-free C/S nanocomposite cathode made by EPD is key to further enhance the specific capacity and energy density of Li-S batteries.展开更多
An electrochemical method for detection of cortisol based on capillary electrophoretic enzyme immunoassay has been developed. A limit of detection of 1.7?0-9 mol/L was obtained.
The Dielectropheretic assembly of electrically functional microwires from nanopartical suspensions is introduced. Meanwhile growth mechanism of the microwires is discussed. The agglomeration is based on the polarizati...The Dielectropheretic assembly of electrically functional microwires from nanopartical suspensions is introduced. Meanwhile growth mechanism of the microwires is discussed. The agglomeration is based on the polarization and mobility of particles caused by alternating electric fields, commonly referred to as dielectrophoresis (DEP). The spatial distributions of the electric potential, field and dieletrophoretic force are analytically calculated in terms of AC electrokinetics. The calculated results show that the electrophoretic force, very strong near the apex of the microwire, drops abruptly with increasing distance. The electrophoretic force near the apex of the microwire agrees well with the fact that the nanoparticles are highly concentrated at the end of the tip and subsequently aggregate to extend the wire in the direction of the field gradient.展开更多
基金supported by the Original Exploratory Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52450012)。
文摘TiB_(2)coatings can significantly enhance the high-temperature oxidation resistance of molybdenum,which would broaden the application range of molybdenum and alloys thereof.However,traditional methods for preparing TiB_(2)coatings have disadvantages such as high equipment costs,complicated processes,and highly toxic gas emissions.This paper proposes an environmentally friendly method,which requires inexpensive equipment and simple processing,for preparing TiB_(2)coating on molybdenum via electrophoretic deposition within Na3AlF6-based molten salts.The produced TiB_(2)layer had an approximate thickness of 60μm and exhibited high density,outstanding hardness(38.2 GPa)and robust adhesion strength(51 N).Additionally,high-temperature oxidation experiments revealed that,at900℃,the TiB_(2)coating provided effective protection to the molybdenum substrate against oxidation for 3 h.This result indicates that the TiB_(2)coating prepared on molybdenum using molten salt electrophoretic deposition possesses good high-temperature oxidation resistance.
基金Projects(21361020,21061012)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(NZ12156)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia,ChinaProject(N-09-13)supported by Project of State Key Laboratory of Catalysis,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Electrophoretic deposition in conjunction with electrochemical reduction was used to make flexible free-standing graphene-like films. Firstly, graphene oxide （GO） film was deposited on graphite substrate by electrophoretic deposition method, and then reduced by subsequent electrochemical reduction of GO to obtain reduced GO （ERGO） film with high electrochemical performance. The morphology, structure and electrochemical performance of the prepared graphene-like film were confirmed by SEM, XRD and FT-IR. These unique materials were found to provide high specific capacitance and good cycling stability. The high specific capacitance of 254 F/g was obtained from cyclic voltammetry measurement at a scan rate of 10 mV/s. When the current density increased to 83.3 A/g, the specific capacitance values still remained 132 F/g. Meanwhile, the high powder density of 39.1 kW/kg was measured at energy density of 11.8 W-h/kg in 1 mol/L H2SO4 solution. Furthermore, at a constant scan rate of 50 mV/s, 97.02% of its capacitance was retained for 1000 cycles. These promising results were attributed to the unique assembly structure of graphene film and low contact resistance, which indicated their potential application to electrochemical capacitors.
基金Project(N100602010)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘The preparation of La0.4Sr0.6TiO3 （LSTO） buffer layer and YBa2Cu3O7-δ（YBCO） superconducting thick film by a low cost technology was studied. The crystal orientation of LSTO and YBCO films was detected by X-ray diffraction, the conductivity of LSTO film and superconductivity of YBCO coating were investigated by standard four-probe method. Excellent in-plane alignment, smooth and dense LSTO buffer layer was successfully prepared on textured Ni-W taps by metal organic deposition （MOD）. YBCO thick film was fabricated by electrophoretic deposition （EPD）. The effects of applied voltage and deposition time on the YBCO coatings properties were studied. The results show that the critical current density of the YBCO coating deposited under 138 V for 35 min was about 600 A/cm2 （0 T, 77 K）.
基金Project(51271111)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(14KY0515)support by Graduate Research and Innovation Special Projects of Shanghai University of Engineering Science,China
文摘YSZ/（Ni, Al） composite coatings were deposited on Inconel600 superalloy with ball peening （BP） and without （non BP）treatment using the electrophoretic deposition （EPD） technique, followed by vacuum sintering method. The structures and phaseevolution of the coatings were studied with X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersivespectrometry （EDS）. The relation between microstructures and properties of the BPs-coated samples was discussed. The results showthat the adhesion strength and gain mass of the BPs-coated samples with isothermal oxidation at 1100℃ for 100 h are 3.3 N and0.00817 mg/cm^2, respectively, while those of the non-BPs-coated sample are 2.6 N and 0.00559 mg/cm^2, respectively. The EDSmapping analysis indicates that an obvious outward diffusion of Cr from the substrate to BPs coated samples occurs after isothermaloxidation. The BPs-coated sample shows the superior adhesion and oxidation resistance compared with non-BPs-coated samples.
基金supported by the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(No.B08040)the Ph.D Thesis Innovation Fund of NWPU(No.cx201214)+1 种基金the Key Grant Proiect of Chinese Ministry of Education(No.313047)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 51275417.50832004 and 51202194)
文摘Although in-situ growing carbon nanotubes （CNTs） on carbon fibers could greatly increase the matrix-dominated mechanical properties of carbon/carbon composites （C/Cs）, it always decreased the tensile strength of carbon fibers. In this work, CNTs were introduced into unidirectional carbon fiber （CF） preforms by electrophoretic deposition （EPD） and they were used to reinforce C/Cs. Effects of the content of CNTs introduced by EPD on tensile property of unidirectional C/Cs were investigated. Results demonstrated that EPD could be used as a simple and efficient method to fabricate carbon nanotube reinforced C/Cs （CNT-C/Cs） with excellent tensile strength, which pays a meaningful way to maximize the global performance of CNT-C/Cs.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21905032)Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Anhui Province(No.KJ2019A0687,No.KJ2016A503)+2 种基金High-level Humanities and Social Science Award Cultivation Project of Chaohu University and Innovation(No.kj20zkjp01,No.kj20xqyx02)Entrepreneurship Training Program for Students of National and school level(No.202010380014,X202010380013)Chaohu University for the Start-Up grant(No.KYQD-201907)。
文摘Thermite films are typical energetic materials(EMs)and have great value in initiating explosive devices.However,research in thermite film preparation is far behind that of research in thermite powders.Electrophoretic deposition(EPD)is an emerging,rapid coating method for film fabrication,including of energetic composite films.In this work,a polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)/Al/CuO organic-inorganic hybrid energetic film was successfully obtained using the above method for the first time.The addition of lithocholic acid as a surfactant into the electroplating suspension enabled PTFE to be charged.The combustion and energy release were analyzed by means of a high-speed camera and differential scanning calorimetery(DSC).It was found that the combustion process and energy release of PTFE/Al/CuO were much better than that of Al/CuO.The main reason for the excellent combustion performance of the hybrid PTFE/Al/CuO system was that the oxidability of PTFE accelerated the redox reaction between Al and CuO.The prepared PTFE/Al/CuO film was also employed as ignition material to fire a B-KNO_3 explosive successfully,indicating considerable potential for use as an ignition material in micro-ignitors.This study sheds light on the preparation of fluoropolymer-containing organic-inorganic hybrid energetic films by one-step electrophoretic deposition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51871068, 51971071, 52011530025, and U21A2049)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2021YFE0103200)+1 种基金the Zhejiang Province Key Research and Development Program, China (No. 2021C01086)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (No. 3072021CFT1010)。
文摘Multi-wall carbon nanotubes reinforced Mg-14Li-1Al composite(MWCNTs/Mg-14Li-1Al) was prepared by the processes of electrophoretic deposition, friction stir processing, and cold rolling. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite were investigated. The results show that, the microhardness of the composite is up to HV 84.4, which is 91.38% higher than that of the as-cast matrix alloy(HV 44.1). The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the composite are 259 and 313 MPa, which are 135.45% and 115.86% higher than those of the as-cast matrix alloy, respectively, and a high specific strength of 221.98 k N·m/kg is obtained. In the composite, the MWCNTs serve as nucleation particles during the friction stir processing and cold rolling, causing dynamic recrystallization and grain refinement. Furthermore, MWCNTs hinder the movement of dislocations and transfer the load from the matrix alloy, thus improving the strength.
基金Project(2011D039)supported by Guangdong Innovative Research Team Program,China
文摘Electrophoretic display(EPD) technology has become one of the main supporting pillars of the electronic paper display industry.Despite its benefits,the EPD technology suffers from several disadvantages such as non-fixed threshold voltage value for gray scale display.In addition,the display has to repeatedly refresh between white and black states to eliminate ghost image when it needs to update a new image.The traditional driving waveform for the EPD includes four stages: erasing the original image,resetting to black state,clearing to white state,and writing a new image.A flicker can be found when transferring between two adjacent stages.A new driving waveform based on the improvement of activation pattern is proposed to weaken the ghost image and reduce the flicker.Experimental results show that the proposed driving waveform could weaken the ghost image effectively and reduce the number of flickers by 50%.Compared with the traditional driving waveform,the driving waveform of this work has a better performance.
基金Project supported by Shanghai Municipal Developing Foundation of Science and Technology (0852nm01400)National Training Programs of Innovation for Undergraduates (201210856022)Science and Technology Key Fund Project of Shanghai University of Engi-neering Science (2011XZ07) for financial support
文摘4 mol.% Y203 stabilized ZrO2 （YSZ） doped with various quantifies of Gd203 （G-YSZ） ceramic comings were synthesized by electrophoretic deposition method, and followed by vacuum sintering and isothermally annealing at 1000 ℃ for different durations. X-ray diffraction （XRD） was used to investigate their phase composition. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） was employed to examine their microstructure, while energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer （EDS） was used to assess composition of the composite coatings. The results indicated that YSZ coating was composed of tetragonal and monoclinic phase after vacuum sintefing at 1000 ~C for 2 h under vacuum （〈103 Pa）. G-YSZ composite coatings were composed of tetmgonal, monoclinic phase and a small amount of Gd2Zr207 phase after vacuum sintering at 1000 ℃ for 2 h, whereas the content ofmonoclinic phase in G-YSZ composite coatings in- creased with increasing Gd203 concentration. It was found that G-YSZ composite coatings were composed of tetragonal ZrO2 phase, monoclinic ZrO2 phase and cubic phase, whereas Gd2Zr207 phase disappeared, after G-YSZ composite coatings were isothermally annealed at 1000 ℃ in air for 100 h. A detailed description of the results and their discussion was presented in the paper.
基金supported by the University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
文摘The multiwalled carbon nanotubes thin-film-based electrode was fabricated by electrophoretic deposition and modified with copper （Cu） nanoparticles to fabricate Cu/CNTs nanocomposite sensor for nonenzymatic glucose detection. The expensive glassy carbon electrode was replaced by fluorine-doped tin oxide glass containing CNTs film to confine the Cu nanoparticles growth by electrodeposition through cyclic voltammetry （CV）. The ultraviolet visible and X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the successful deposition of Cu nanoparticles on the CNTs-modified electrode. The atomic force microscopy images confirrqed the morphology of electrodeposited Cu on CNTs film as uniformly dispersed particles. The electrocatalytic activity of electrode to the glucose oxidation was investigated in alkaline medium by CV and amperometric measurements. The fabricated sensor exhibited a fast response time of less than 5 s and the sensitivity of 314 μA rnM^-1 cm^-2 with linear concentration range （0.02-3.0 mM） having detection limit 10.0 μM. Due to simple preparation of sensor, Cu/CNTs nanocomposite electrodes are a suitable candidate for reliable determination of glucose with good stability.
基金Project(2011BAE22B05)supported by National Technology R&D Program in the 12th Five year Plan of ChinaProject(2011DFA50900)supported by the Canada-China-USA Collaborative Research&Development ProjectProject(51071121)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Micro arc oxidation(MAO) and electrophoretic deposition(EPD) process are employed to fabricate a dense coating on magnesium alloy to protect it from corrosion in engineering application. The EPD film changes the damping characteristic of magnesium alloy, and both the MAO and EPD process change the bending stiffness of samples being treated. Damping loss factor(DLF) test and sound transmission experiments were carried out for AZ31 B magnesium alloy with coating fabricated by MAO and EPD processes. The results indicate that DLF is improved in frequency range from 0-850 Hz. Bending stiffness of the samples is improved with MAO and EPD treatment. As a result, the sound transmission loss(LST) is improved in the stiffness control stage of the sound transmission verse frequency curve. To the samples by electrophoresis process, the LST is improved in frequency range from 2500-3200 Hz, because the damping loss factor is improved with EPD process. The results are useful for the surface treatment to enhance the damping loss factor, LST and widespread application of magnesium alloy while improving the corrosion resistance.
基金The authors are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20235020 and 20372062)for financial support.
文摘The protein binding constant, binding sites of the Strychnos alkaloid-strychnine and bovine serum albumin （BSA） was determined by capillary electrophoretic frontal analysis （CE-FA） for the first time. The experiment was carried out in a polyacrylamide-coated fused silica capillary （48.4 cm×50 μm i.d., 38.1 cm effective length） with 20 mmol/L citrate/MES buffer （pH 6.0, ionic strength 0.17）. The applied voltage was 12 kV and detection wavelength was set at 257 nm. The plateau height of the peak was employed to determine the unbound concentration of drug in BSA equilibrated sample solution based on the external drug standard in the absence of protein. The present method provides a convenient, accurate technique for the early stage of drug screening.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(Ministry of Science,ICT&Future Planning)(NRF-2017R1C1B2005470)(NRF-2018R1A4A1022260)。
文摘A transparent energy storage device is an essential component for transparent electronics.The increasing demand for high-power devices stimulates the development of transparent supercapacitors with high power density.A transparent electrode for such supercapacitors can be assembled via the electrophoretic deposition of an active material powder with a binder onto a transparent substrate.The properties of the binder critically influence the electrochemical behavior and performance of the resulting electrode.Ethyl cellulose(EC)is known as an eco-friendly,transparent,flexible,and inexpensive material.Here,we fabricated an electrode film with EC binder via electrophoretic deposition on an indium tin oxide(ITO)substrate instead of using the conventional polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)binder.The assembled electrodes with EC and PTFE were compared to investigate the feasibility of EC as a binder from different perspectives,including homogeneity,wettability,electrochemical behavior,and mechanical stability.The EC enabled the formation of a homogeneous film composed of smaller particles and with a higher specific capacitance compared with films prepared with PTFE.The annealing improved the adhesion strength of the EC because of its glass transition;however,its hydrophobic nature limited utilization of the active material for charge storage.Subsequent electrochemical activation improved the wettability of the electrode,resulting in an increased capacitance of 60 F g^(-1).Furthermore,even with the lower wettability of EC compared with that of PTFE,better rate performance was possible with the EC electrode.The increased mechanical stability after the annealing process ensured an excellent cycle life of 95%capacitance retention for 15,000 cycles.
文摘Capillary electrophoretic immunoassay with laser-induced fluorescence detection for recombinant human interferon-gamma (IFN-g) was established. The limits of detection for three forms of IFN-g are 6.9 ng/L, 5.7 ng/L and 5.0 ng/L, respectively.
基金partially financial supported by National Science Foundation of China (No.11274244, 51302193)
文摘Drawbacks of low efficiency and high cost of the electrode materials have restricted the wide applications of the thermo-electrochemical cells(TECs). Due to high specific areas and electrical conductivities, the low cost multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWNTs) are promising alternative electrode materials. In this work, the MWNT films of up to 16 cm^2 were synthesized on stainless steel substrates by the electrophoretic deposition(EPD) to make the thermo-electrochemical electrodes. MWNT electrodes based on TECs were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and the long-term stability tests with the potassium ferri/ferrocyanide electrolyte. The TECs reached the current density of 45.2 A m^(-2) and the maximum power density of 0.82 W m^(-2). The relative power conversion efficiency of the MWNT electrode is 50 % higher than that for the Pt electrode. Meanwhile, the TECs was operated continuously for 300 h without performance degradation. With the priorities of low cost and simple fabrication, EPD-based MWNT TECs may become commercially viable.
基金Project(51271111)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(15KY0501)supported by the Graduate Research and Innovation Special Project of Shanghai University of Engineering Science,China
文摘Yttria-stablized zirconia(YSZ)/(Ni,Al)coatings were deposited on Inconel600alloy substrate by the electrophoreticdeposition combined with vacuum sintering technique.The effects of isothermal oxidation at1100°C on the composition of thecoatings and the crack healing were investigated,and the corrosion resistance of the coatings in3.5%NaCl(mass fraction)solutionwas also studied.The results showed that the cracks on the coating gradually healed up with the increase of the isothermal oxidationtime.During isothermal oxidation process,the coating composed of Ni3Al was transformed toα-Al2O3particulates.Theα-Al2O3particulates can seal the defects such as pores and cracks,and meanwhile prevent the oxygen diffusion into the coatings.Thepolarization curves and EIS results indicated that the coatings oxidized for40h had a more positive corrosion potential,higherbreakdown potential,higher impedance module at low frequency and much lower corrosion current density compared with YSZcoated and uncoated Inconel600alloys.
基金Project supported by the Second Stage of Brain Korea 21 Projects and the National Research Foundation of Korea (2011-0030804) Funded by the Korea Government (MEST)
文摘The effectiveness of optimizing electrical conductivity of carbon fiber/carbon nanotube （CNT）/epoxy hybrid composites via Taguchi method was demonstrated. CNTs were induced on carbon fabric by electrophoretic deposition （EPD） technique. The essential deposition parameters were identified as l） the deposition time, 2） the deposition voltage, 3） the mass fraction of CNTs in suspension, and 4） the distance between the electrodes. An experimental design was then performed to establish the appropriate levels for each factor. An orthogonal array of L9 （34） was designed to conduct the experiments. Electrical conductivity results were collected as the response. The relative influences of design parameters on the response were discussed. Using the model, signal to noise （S/N） ratio and response characteristics for the optimized deposition parameter combination were predicted. The results show clearly that the optimum condition of electrophoretic deposition （EPD） process improves the electrical conductivity of carbon/epoxy hybrid composites.
基金financially supported by the City University of Hong Kong through the SRG projects#7004545�support from the Research G rants Council(RGC)of Hong Kongthe Hong Kong Ph D Fellowship Scheme(HKPFS)。
文摘In the present study,the electrophoretic deposition method was successfully applied as a binder-free and scalable approach to deposit carbonaceous nanomaterials on carbon fiber paper(CFP)for cathode applications in Li-S batteries.The microstructural studies of the EPD-CNT film using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)revealed the formation of a crack-free and porous layer of CNTs being uniformly distributed on the CFP surface.The EPD:CFP/CNT/S cathode delivered a capacity around 2.2 times higher than that obtained in the absence of the EPD-CNT film(CFP/S cell)after 50 cycles and a capacity of935 mAh g^-1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 C.The EPD method was then employed to fabricate layer-by-layer structures where the EPD-CNT film was decorated with carbon black particles.The initial capacity as well as the reversible capacity after 100 cycles was further increased by the EPD:CFP/CNT/KB/S layer-by-layer structure to 1473 and 1033 mAh g^-1,respectively,indicating effective suppression of the shuttle effect.In addition,the rate performance of CFP/S was improved by depositing the EPD-CNT and EPD-CNT/carbon black architectures on CFP surface,and even further enhanced through the co-deposition of CNT and Pt nanoparticles by EPD,delivering a specific capacity of around 730 mAh g^-1 at 1 C.Finally,the cathodes fabricated by EPD were observed to outperform those made by the conventional casting method in terms of cycling performance,internal resistance,and polarization.This difference was ascribed to the non-uniform microstructure of the Cast-CNT film,which resulted in poor interfacial connection between the CNT agglomerates,hindering uniform sulfide/sulfur deposition during cycling.The obtained results suggested that the binder-free C/S nanocomposite cathode made by EPD is key to further enhance the specific capacity and energy density of Li-S batteries.
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province and the State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Science.
文摘An electrochemical method for detection of cortisol based on capillary electrophoretic enzyme immunoassay has been developed. A limit of detection of 1.7?0-9 mol/L was obtained.
基金Funded by the Applied Basic Research Project of the Science and Technology Committee of Chongqing (No. 7327) and Key Teacher Foundation of Chongqing University.
文摘The Dielectropheretic assembly of electrically functional microwires from nanopartical suspensions is introduced. Meanwhile growth mechanism of the microwires is discussed. The agglomeration is based on the polarization and mobility of particles caused by alternating electric fields, commonly referred to as dielectrophoresis (DEP). The spatial distributions of the electric potential, field and dieletrophoretic force are analytically calculated in terms of AC electrokinetics. The calculated results show that the electrophoretic force, very strong near the apex of the microwire, drops abruptly with increasing distance. The electrophoretic force near the apex of the microwire agrees well with the fact that the nanoparticles are highly concentrated at the end of the tip and subsequently aggregate to extend the wire in the direction of the field gradient.
