In electric are furnace smelting, electrode regulator system is a key link. A good electrode control algorithm will reduce energy consumption effectively and shorten smelting time greatly. The offline design online sy...In electric are furnace smelting, electrode regulator system is a key link. A good electrode control algorithm will reduce energy consumption effectively and shorten smelting time greatly. The offline design online synthesis model predictive control algorithm is proposed for electrode regulator system with input and output constraints. On the offline computation, the continuum of terminal constraint sets will be constructed. On the online synthesis, the time-varying terminal constraint sets will be adopted and at least one free control variable will be introduced to solve the min-max optimization control problem. Then Lyapunov method will be adopted to analyze closed-loop system stability. Simulation and field trial results show that the proposed offline design online synthesis model predictive control method is effective.展开更多
The demand for high safety and high reliability lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is strongly considered for practical applications.However,due to their inherent self-discharge properties or abuse,LIBs face the threat of ove...The demand for high safety and high reliability lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is strongly considered for practical applications.However,due to their inherent self-discharge properties or abuse,LIBs face the threat of over-discharge,which induces premature end of life and increased risk of thermal runaway.In addition,a strong demand for batteries with zero-volt storage is strongly considered for aerospace and implantable medical devices.In this review,we firstly introduce the necessity and the importance of over-discharge and zero-volt protection for LIBs.The mechanism of damage to the Cu current collectors and SEI induced by potential changes during over-discharge is presented.The current over-discharge protection strategies based on whether the zero-crossing potential of the electrodes is summarized.Finally,the fresh insights into the material design of cathode prelithiation additives are presented from the perspective of over-discharge protection.展开更多
基金Item Sponsored by National Science and Technology Support Plan of China (2007AA041401,2007AA04Z194)
文摘In electric are furnace smelting, electrode regulator system is a key link. A good electrode control algorithm will reduce energy consumption effectively and shorten smelting time greatly. The offline design online synthesis model predictive control algorithm is proposed for electrode regulator system with input and output constraints. On the offline computation, the continuum of terminal constraint sets will be constructed. On the online synthesis, the time-varying terminal constraint sets will be adopted and at least one free control variable will be introduced to solve the min-max optimization control problem. Then Lyapunov method will be adopted to analyze closed-loop system stability. Simulation and field trial results show that the proposed offline design online synthesis model predictive control method is effective.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L233004)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62071274 and 22393900)+2 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2400300)Shuimu Tsinghua Scholar ProgramTsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program.
文摘The demand for high safety and high reliability lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is strongly considered for practical applications.However,due to their inherent self-discharge properties or abuse,LIBs face the threat of over-discharge,which induces premature end of life and increased risk of thermal runaway.In addition,a strong demand for batteries with zero-volt storage is strongly considered for aerospace and implantable medical devices.In this review,we firstly introduce the necessity and the importance of over-discharge and zero-volt protection for LIBs.The mechanism of damage to the Cu current collectors and SEI induced by potential changes during over-discharge is presented.The current over-discharge protection strategies based on whether the zero-crossing potential of the electrodes is summarized.Finally,the fresh insights into the material design of cathode prelithiation additives are presented from the perspective of over-discharge protection.
