In recent years, with the gradual improvement of the economic system, the social demand for electricity has gradually increased. Power supply enterprises must optimize and improve the power supply mode to meet the dem...In recent years, with the gradual improvement of the economic system, the social demand for electricity has gradually increased. Power supply enterprises must optimize and improve the power supply mode to meet the demand of power consumers. Steam turbines in coal-fired power plants are the infrastructure that keeps the electricity flowing. With the increase of the total power supply pressure, the operating load of the turbine increases gradually. Under the condition of high load and long working time, some defects will appear in the operation of steam turbines, especially when the external load pressure exceeds the expected fixed value of the equipment, which will lead to a large amount of energy loss and increase the operation cost of enterprises.展开更多
Environmental issues and rising fuel prices necessitate better energy-etlicwncy in all sectors, The shipping industry is one of the major stakeholders, responsible for 3% of global CO2 emissions, 14%-15% of global NOx...Environmental issues and rising fuel prices necessitate better energy-etlicwncy in all sectors, The shipping industry is one of the major stakeholders, responsible for 3% of global CO2 emissions, 14%-15% of global NOx emissions, and 16% of global SOx emissions. In addition, continuously rising fuel prices are also an incentive to focus on new ways for better energy-effectiveness. The green ship concept requires exploring and implementing technology on ships to increase energy-efficiency and reduce emissions. Ship operation is an important topic with large potential to increase cost-and-energy-effectiveness. This paper provided a comprehensive review of basic concepts, principles, and potential of operational options for green ships. The key challenges pertaining to ship crew i.e. academic qualifications prior to induction, in-service training and motivation were discussed. The author also deliberated on remedies to these challenges.展开更多
The efficiency of any energy system can be charaterised by the relevant efficiency components in terms of performance, operation, equipment and technology(POET). The overall energy efficiency of the system can be opti...The efficiency of any energy system can be charaterised by the relevant efficiency components in terms of performance, operation, equipment and technology(POET). The overall energy efficiency of the system can be optimised by studying the POET energy efficiency components. For an existing energy system, the improvement of operation efficiency will usually be a quick win for energy efficiency. Therefore, operation efficiency improvement will be the main purpose of this paper. General procedures to establish operation efficiency optimisation models are presented. Model predictive control, a popular technique in modern control theory, is applied to solve the obtained energy models. From the case studies in water pumping systems, model predictive control will have a prosperous application in more energy efficiency problems.展开更多
We investigated a developed arm roll forwarder at Nasu in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. An arm roll forwarder can only load a steel container that has been fully loaded with logs beforehand, and can later unload such a c...We investigated a developed arm roll forwarder at Nasu in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. An arm roll forwarder can only load a steel container that has been fully loaded with logs beforehand, and can later unload such a container. Such a forwarder can shorten the loading and untoading times and improve operational efficiency. We examined two operation systems with an arm roll forwarder and a forwarder. In the first system the loading was done with a grapple-loader. In the second system the loading was done with a processor. The loading times of an arm roll forwarder were significantly tess than those of a forwarder. Because the optimal cycle times （excluding the waiting times for an arm roll for- warder） were significantly reduced, the costs of using an arm roll for- warder are lower, although the loading capacity was small and the hourly operation cost was high. The maximum operational efficiencies varied depending on forwarding distances. The second operation system with an arm roll forwarder exhibited the best operational efficiency within a 1,580-m forwarding distance, and beyond that distance it exhibited the highest operational efficiency when a forwarder was used. Similarly, the cost of operation of the system with an arm roll forwarder was the lowest within a 1,130-m forwarding distance, and beyond that distance the cost was the lowest when using the forwarder. Therefore, the arm roll for- warder is effective within a certain forwarding distance.展开更多
We investigated forest road networks and forestry operations before and after mechanization on aggregated forestry operation sites. We developed equations to estimate densities of road networks with average slope angl...We investigated forest road networks and forestry operations before and after mechanization on aggregated forestry operation sites. We developed equations to estimate densities of road networks with average slope angles, operational efficiency of bunching operations with road network density, and average forwarding distances with operation site areas. Subsequently, we analyzed the effects of aggregating forests, establishing forest road networks, and mechanization on operational efficiency and costs. Six ha proved to be an appropriate operation site area with minimum operation expenses. The operation site areas of the forest owners＇ cooperative in this region aggregated approximately 6 ha and the cooperative conducted forestry operations on aggregated sites. Therefore, 6 ha would be an appropriate operation site area in this region. Regarding road network density, higher-density road networks increased operational expenses due to the higher direct operational expenses of strip road establishment. Therefore, road network density should be reduced to approximately 200 m.展开更多
Listed companies of the swine industry,as an important form of agricultural industrialized operation,are typical representatives of large-scale production and the level of their operation efficiency exerts a direct in...Listed companies of the swine industry,as an important form of agricultural industrialized operation,are typical representatives of large-scale production and the level of their operation efficiency exerts a direct influence on the healthy development of the swine industry.Using the DEA-based Malmquist method,this paper made a static and dynamic evaluation of the operation efficiency of 16 listed companies in China's swine industry in 2010-2014.It obtained following results:(i)The overall efficiency of listed companies of China's swine industry remained at high level and the development trend was excellent.(ii)Different types of enterprises had difference in the overall efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.In general,pig feed processing companies had the best performance,followed by slaughtering and deep processing companies,and swine breeding companies were the worst.(iii)The total factor productivity characterized by the Malmquist index declined year by year in 2010-2013 and was improved in 2014,mainly due to technological progress.(iv)The total asset turnover ratio,equity concentration,and R&D management level had a significantly positive impact on the operation efficiency of listed companies in the swine industry,while the human capital had a significantly negative impact.展开更多
From the perspective of agricultural insurance agency,this paper focuses on the study of operational efficiency of agricultural insurance agency,and analyzes the operational efficiency of agricultural insurance agency...From the perspective of agricultural insurance agency,this paper focuses on the study of operational efficiency of agricultural insurance agency,and analyzes the operational efficiency of agricultural insurance agency and its influencing factors,in order to improve the operational efficiency of agricultural insurance agency,better supply agricultural insurance and achieve the policy effect of agricultural insurance.The results of this paper are as follows:( i) Either comprehensive operational efficiency or scale efficiency of Chinese-funded agency is higher than that of foreign-funded agency,but its pure technical efficiency is lower than that of foreign-funded agency,indicating that the managerial decision ability of Chinese-funded agency is weaker than that of foreign-funded agency,and needs to be improved;( ii) The operational efficiency of professional agricultural insurance agency is higher than that of comprehensive agricultural insurance agency,and the agricultural insurance agency is greatly affected by environmental factors;( iii) The operating time of agricultural insurance agency is proportional to its operational efficiency;( iv) The quality of employees is positively correlated with the capital and cost input difference,but negatively correlated with the difference in the number of employees. Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to the improvement of employees' working efficiency while laying emphasis on employees' quality.展开更多
Objective: To measure the hospital operation efficiency, study the correlation between average length of stay and hospital operation efficiency, analyze the importance of shortening average length of stay to the impro...Objective: To measure the hospital operation efficiency, study the correlation between average length of stay and hospital operation efficiency, analyze the importance of shortening average length of stay to the improvement of the hospital operation efficiency and put forward relevant policy suggestion. Methods: Based on China provincial panel data from 2003 to 2012, the hospital operation efficiencies are calculated using Super Efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis model, and the correlation between average length of stay and hospital operation efficiency is tested using Spearman rank correlation coefficient test. Results: From 2003 to 2012, the average of national hospital operation efficiency was increasing slowly and the hospital operations were inefficient in most of the areas. The national hospital operation efficiency is negatively correlated to the average length of stay. Conclusion: Measures should be taken to set average length of stay in a scientific and reasonable way, improve social and economic benefits based on the improvement of efficiency.展开更多
The data envelopment analysis （DEA） is used to evaluate operation efficiency of 17 listed companies in China aviation industry from 2006 to 2011, and make longitudinal analysis for the operation efficiency. In addit...The data envelopment analysis （DEA） is used to evaluate operation efficiency of 17 listed companies in China aviation industry from 2006 to 2011, and make longitudinal analysis for the operation efficiency. In addition, the reason of changing efficiency is dynamically evaluated by Malmquist productivity index. The empirical results show that average operation efficiency of 17 listed companies in China aviation industry is less than 1, which means that the operation activities of aviation industry exist diseconomies characteristic, technological progress efficiency is a major influenced factor展开更多
In this paper, we conduct research on the logistics cost and enterprise operation efficiency with the influences on international trade. With the deepening of the reform of the market economic system in our country, a...In this paper, we conduct research on the logistics cost and enterprise operation efficiency with the influences on international trade. With the deepening of the reform of the market economic system in our country, and the advancement of the reform of state-owned enterprises and government function transformation, the company is out of the shackles of the planned economy as the main body of market competition, at the same time, government regulators and investors in a state-owned capital market, all kinds of financial intermediaries and the information intermediary organizations, as well as the associated with the interests of closely linked to the enterprise value creation main body, including business owners and operators have yet to establish a timely to adapt to the market economy system. With this guidance, we propose the novel international trade paradigm for the companies that will enhance the efficiency of the general management.展开更多
VVER-1200 (Water-Water Energetic Reactor) represents a significant advancement in nuclear power generation, emphasizing the continuous analysis and enhancement of safety systems for reliable operation. The proposed st...VVER-1200 (Water-Water Energetic Reactor) represents a significant advancement in nuclear power generation, emphasizing the continuous analysis and enhancement of safety systems for reliable operation. The proposed study focuses on simulating combined scenarios involving steam generator tube rupture (SGTR) and AC power loss using core algorithms and models within personal computer transient analyzer (PCTRAN). Reactor kinetic equations, thermal-hydraulic balance, and safety system models are discussed to elucidate their role in simulating SGTR and AC power loss. Safety criteria, boundaries and initial conditions are outlined to provide a comprehensive understanding of the simulation framework. The analysis delves into dynamic behavior of VVER-1200, placing emphasis on thermal-hydraulic implications, essential reactor parameters, and radiation monitoring to facilitate impact evaluation. Continuous monitoring and maintenance of safety systems are underscored to ensure stable core cooling, particularly during proposed transient conditions. Through meticulous analysis and comparison with established benchmarks, this study contributes to bolstering the safety and reliability of VVER-1200 reactors by identifying vulnerabilities, assessing mitigation strategies, and refining emergency response protocols. Practical implications of this study offer a crucial understanding of reactor behavior, safety system performance, and emergency response strategies, thereby improving safety, optimizing operational practices, and reducing risks in nuclear reactor accidents.展开更多
With the rapid development of the wind power industry, the use of wind power and other renewable energy is becoming more and more large, which puts forward higher requirements for the operation efficiency and quality ...With the rapid development of the wind power industry, the use of wind power and other renewable energy is becoming more and more large, which puts forward higher requirements for the operation efficiency and quality of the power equipment. Therefore, the operation and maintenance management of the wind power equipment becomes more and more important. This article mainly combined the operation and maintenance management examples of my country's aerospace Wanyuan wind turbine equipment, and conducted an in-depth analysis of some problems and difficulties that may exist in the long-term operation and maintenance of aerospace wind turbine equipment, and combines actual work and practical experience. Finally, the relevant management policies and measures for strengthening the daily operation and maintenance of aerospace wind power generation wind turbine equipment were initially proposed.展开更多
In order to accurately forecast the main engine fuel consumption and reduce the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator(EEOI)of merchant ships in polar ice areas,the energy transfer relationship between ship-machine-p...In order to accurately forecast the main engine fuel consumption and reduce the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator(EEOI)of merchant ships in polar ice areas,the energy transfer relationship between ship-machine-propeller is studied by analyzing the complex force situation during ship navigation and building a MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform based on multi-environmental resistance,propeller efficiency,main engine power,fuel consumption,fuel consumption rate and EEOI calculation module.Considering the environmental factors of wind,wave and ice,the route is divided into sections,the calculation of main engine power,main engine fuel consumption and EEOI for each section is completed,and the speed design is optimized based on the simulation model for each section.Under the requirements of the voyage plan,the optimization results show that the energy efficiency operation index of the whole route is reduced by 3.114%and the fuel consumption is reduced by 9.17 t.展开更多
The banking industry is placing increasing emphasis on green finance to address climate change,support sustainable development,and align with environmental,social,and governance(ESG)goals,as well as sustainable invest...The banking industry is placing increasing emphasis on green finance to address climate change,support sustainable development,and align with environmental,social,and governance(ESG)goals,as well as sustainable investments to fund environmentally friendly projects.In an era of growing regulatory pressure and rising demand for sustainability from investors and stakeholders,green finance has become a vital tool for banks to enhance operational efficiency.It can reduce operational costs by financing energy-saving projects,improve asset quality by funding low-risk sustainable projects,and even attract capital from environmentally responsible capital markets.Additionally,green finance helps improve risk management frameworks by financing projects that align with long-term sustainable development objectives.This paper explores the relationship between green finance and the operational efficiency of three major banks—RHB Bank,Industrial and Commercial Bank of China(ICBC),and Deutsche Bank.The article focuses on analyzing how these banks integrate green finance into their strategies and the overall impact of these initiatives on operational performance,primarily cost reduction.展开更多
This paper examines whether China＇s labor cost is too high and rising too fast from the five aspects of macro distribution, corporate cost structure, labor productivity, labor cost structure and international compari...This paper examines whether China＇s labor cost is too high and rising too fast from the five aspects of macro distribution, corporate cost structure, labor productivity, labor cost structure and international comparison, shedding light on the real causes of rising labor cost. On the basis of our analysis, we propose a few policy recommendations on China＇s macroeconomy and corporate development.展开更多
To investigate the long-term operating efficiencies of container ports, we extend the work of previous researches to present a new systemic and improved method of data envelopment analysis （DEA）-based Malmquist prod...To investigate the long-term operating efficiencies of container ports, we extend the work of previous researches to present a new systemic and improved method of data envelopment analysis （DEA）-based Malmquist productivity index （MPI） in this paper. An approach based on both panel data and multi-inputs/outputs is considered comprehensively, and aims at measuring the operating efficiencies of 10 leading container ports in China from 2001 to 2006 by applying this new systematic influence factor of total factor productivity change is the calculation method. The results illustrate that the main technology change, and the container transportation of these 10 ports is on the healthy development status and will recover and grow reposefully in the following years展开更多
Despite blockchain’s potential to transform corporations by providing new ways of organizing business processes and handling information,extant research pays inadequate attention to how and under what conditions bloc...Despite blockchain’s potential to transform corporations by providing new ways of organizing business processes and handling information,extant research pays inadequate attention to how and under what conditions blockchain technology provides additional financial value for shareholders.Drawing on the efficient market hypothesis and signaling theory,we examined the relationship between firms’blockchain use,development announcements,and stock market reactions.We used the event study methodology to analyze a sample of blockchain projects initiated by US firms between 2016 and 2019.The sample contains 114 firm-event observations.The findings show that the average abnormal return over a 2 days event period(including the day of the announcement and the day after the announcement)was positive.This positive stock market reaction is even more substantial when firms announce blockchain projects that focus on saving cost or time.Our findings also indicate that blockchain announcements tend to elicit more positive market reactions from smaller firms.We analyzed 249 firm-event observations containing firms from around the world and conclude that blockchain technology has a non-significant long-term impact on operating performance.The contingency approach adopted in our research provides advice for selecting the right mix of blockchain investment initiatives that is most suitable for a given organizational context.展开更多
By aiming the pump wavelength of the laser （Ndo.oo5Luo.4975Yo.4975）2SiO5 （Nd：LYSO） crystal 1 079 nm is obtained. The maximum output power corresponding to an optical conversion efficiency of diode to the absorpti...By aiming the pump wavelength of the laser （Ndo.oo5Luo.4975Yo.4975）2SiO5 （Nd：LYSO） crystal 1 079 nm is obtained. The maximum output power corresponding to an optical conversion efficiency of diode to the absorption peak at 811 an efficient dual-wavelength operation at 1 is 702 mW when the incident pump power is 27.7% and a slope efficiency of 37.0% of the 075 and 2.53W,展开更多
文摘In recent years, with the gradual improvement of the economic system, the social demand for electricity has gradually increased. Power supply enterprises must optimize and improve the power supply mode to meet the demand of power consumers. Steam turbines in coal-fired power plants are the infrastructure that keeps the electricity flowing. With the increase of the total power supply pressure, the operating load of the turbine increases gradually. Under the condition of high load and long working time, some defects will appear in the operation of steam turbines, especially when the external load pressure exceeds the expected fixed value of the equipment, which will lead to a large amount of energy loss and increase the operation cost of enterprises.
基金Foundation item： Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.51079032, and the Excellent Youth Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China.
文摘Environmental issues and rising fuel prices necessitate better energy-etlicwncy in all sectors, The shipping industry is one of the major stakeholders, responsible for 3% of global CO2 emissions, 14%-15% of global NOx emissions, and 16% of global SOx emissions. In addition, continuously rising fuel prices are also an incentive to focus on new ways for better energy-effectiveness. The green ship concept requires exploring and implementing technology on ships to increase energy-efficiency and reduce emissions. Ship operation is an important topic with large potential to increase cost-and-energy-effectiveness. This paper provided a comprehensive review of basic concepts, principles, and potential of operational options for green ships. The key challenges pertaining to ship crew i.e. academic qualifications prior to induction, in-service training and motivation were discussed. The author also deliberated on remedies to these challenges.
基金supported by National Research Foundation of South Africa(UID85783)the National Hub for Energy Efficiency and Demand Side Management and Exxaro
文摘The efficiency of any energy system can be charaterised by the relevant efficiency components in terms of performance, operation, equipment and technology(POET). The overall energy efficiency of the system can be optimised by studying the POET energy efficiency components. For an existing energy system, the improvement of operation efficiency will usually be a quick win for energy efficiency. Therefore, operation efficiency improvement will be the main purpose of this paper. General procedures to establish operation efficiency optimisation models are presented. Model predictive control, a popular technique in modern control theory, is applied to solve the obtained energy models. From the case studies in water pumping systems, model predictive control will have a prosperous application in more energy efficiency problems.
文摘We investigated a developed arm roll forwarder at Nasu in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. An arm roll forwarder can only load a steel container that has been fully loaded with logs beforehand, and can later unload such a container. Such a forwarder can shorten the loading and untoading times and improve operational efficiency. We examined two operation systems with an arm roll forwarder and a forwarder. In the first system the loading was done with a grapple-loader. In the second system the loading was done with a processor. The loading times of an arm roll forwarder were significantly tess than those of a forwarder. Because the optimal cycle times （excluding the waiting times for an arm roll for- warder） were significantly reduced, the costs of using an arm roll for- warder are lower, although the loading capacity was small and the hourly operation cost was high. The maximum operational efficiencies varied depending on forwarding distances. The second operation system with an arm roll forwarder exhibited the best operational efficiency within a 1,580-m forwarding distance, and beyond that distance it exhibited the highest operational efficiency when a forwarder was used. Similarly, the cost of operation of the system with an arm roll forwarder was the lowest within a 1,130-m forwarding distance, and beyond that distance the cost was the lowest when using the forwarder. Therefore, the arm roll for- warder is effective within a certain forwarding distance.
文摘We investigated forest road networks and forestry operations before and after mechanization on aggregated forestry operation sites. We developed equations to estimate densities of road networks with average slope angles, operational efficiency of bunching operations with road network density, and average forwarding distances with operation site areas. Subsequently, we analyzed the effects of aggregating forests, establishing forest road networks, and mechanization on operational efficiency and costs. Six ha proved to be an appropriate operation site area with minimum operation expenses. The operation site areas of the forest owners＇ cooperative in this region aggregated approximately 6 ha and the cooperative conducted forestry operations on aggregated sites. Therefore, 6 ha would be an appropriate operation site area in this region. Regarding road network density, higher-density road networks increased operational expenses due to the higher direct operational expenses of strip road establishment. Therefore, road network density should be reduced to approximately 200 m.
基金Supported by Young Scholar Project of Humanities and Social Science Foundation of Ministry of Education"Study on Stability Mechanism of Symbiosis Network of the Swine Industry"(15YJC630118)
文摘Listed companies of the swine industry,as an important form of agricultural industrialized operation,are typical representatives of large-scale production and the level of their operation efficiency exerts a direct influence on the healthy development of the swine industry.Using the DEA-based Malmquist method,this paper made a static and dynamic evaluation of the operation efficiency of 16 listed companies in China's swine industry in 2010-2014.It obtained following results:(i)The overall efficiency of listed companies of China's swine industry remained at high level and the development trend was excellent.(ii)Different types of enterprises had difference in the overall efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.In general,pig feed processing companies had the best performance,followed by slaughtering and deep processing companies,and swine breeding companies were the worst.(iii)The total factor productivity characterized by the Malmquist index declined year by year in 2010-2013 and was improved in 2014,mainly due to technological progress.(iv)The total asset turnover ratio,equity concentration,and R&D management level had a significantly positive impact on the operation efficiency of listed companies in the swine industry,while the human capital had a significantly negative impact.
文摘From the perspective of agricultural insurance agency,this paper focuses on the study of operational efficiency of agricultural insurance agency,and analyzes the operational efficiency of agricultural insurance agency and its influencing factors,in order to improve the operational efficiency of agricultural insurance agency,better supply agricultural insurance and achieve the policy effect of agricultural insurance.The results of this paper are as follows:( i) Either comprehensive operational efficiency or scale efficiency of Chinese-funded agency is higher than that of foreign-funded agency,but its pure technical efficiency is lower than that of foreign-funded agency,indicating that the managerial decision ability of Chinese-funded agency is weaker than that of foreign-funded agency,and needs to be improved;( ii) The operational efficiency of professional agricultural insurance agency is higher than that of comprehensive agricultural insurance agency,and the agricultural insurance agency is greatly affected by environmental factors;( iii) The operating time of agricultural insurance agency is proportional to its operational efficiency;( iv) The quality of employees is positively correlated with the capital and cost input difference,but negatively correlated with the difference in the number of employees. Therefore,it is necessary to pay attention to the improvement of employees' working efficiency while laying emphasis on employees' quality.
文摘Objective: To measure the hospital operation efficiency, study the correlation between average length of stay and hospital operation efficiency, analyze the importance of shortening average length of stay to the improvement of the hospital operation efficiency and put forward relevant policy suggestion. Methods: Based on China provincial panel data from 2003 to 2012, the hospital operation efficiencies are calculated using Super Efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis model, and the correlation between average length of stay and hospital operation efficiency is tested using Spearman rank correlation coefficient test. Results: From 2003 to 2012, the average of national hospital operation efficiency was increasing slowly and the hospital operations were inefficient in most of the areas. The national hospital operation efficiency is negatively correlated to the average length of stay. Conclusion: Measures should be taken to set average length of stay in a scientific and reasonable way, improve social and economic benefits based on the improvement of efficiency.
基金supported by the Humanities and Social Science Foundation of the Chinese Ministry of Education under Grant No.09YJA630133
文摘The data envelopment analysis （DEA） is used to evaluate operation efficiency of 17 listed companies in China aviation industry from 2006 to 2011, and make longitudinal analysis for the operation efficiency. In addition, the reason of changing efficiency is dynamically evaluated by Malmquist productivity index. The empirical results show that average operation efficiency of 17 listed companies in China aviation industry is less than 1, which means that the operation activities of aviation industry exist diseconomies characteristic, technological progress efficiency is a major influenced factor
文摘In this paper, we conduct research on the logistics cost and enterprise operation efficiency with the influences on international trade. With the deepening of the reform of the market economic system in our country, and the advancement of the reform of state-owned enterprises and government function transformation, the company is out of the shackles of the planned economy as the main body of market competition, at the same time, government regulators and investors in a state-owned capital market, all kinds of financial intermediaries and the information intermediary organizations, as well as the associated with the interests of closely linked to the enterprise value creation main body, including business owners and operators have yet to establish a timely to adapt to the market economy system. With this guidance, we propose the novel international trade paradigm for the companies that will enhance the efficiency of the general management.
文摘VVER-1200 (Water-Water Energetic Reactor) represents a significant advancement in nuclear power generation, emphasizing the continuous analysis and enhancement of safety systems for reliable operation. The proposed study focuses on simulating combined scenarios involving steam generator tube rupture (SGTR) and AC power loss using core algorithms and models within personal computer transient analyzer (PCTRAN). Reactor kinetic equations, thermal-hydraulic balance, and safety system models are discussed to elucidate their role in simulating SGTR and AC power loss. Safety criteria, boundaries and initial conditions are outlined to provide a comprehensive understanding of the simulation framework. The analysis delves into dynamic behavior of VVER-1200, placing emphasis on thermal-hydraulic implications, essential reactor parameters, and radiation monitoring to facilitate impact evaluation. Continuous monitoring and maintenance of safety systems are underscored to ensure stable core cooling, particularly during proposed transient conditions. Through meticulous analysis and comparison with established benchmarks, this study contributes to bolstering the safety and reliability of VVER-1200 reactors by identifying vulnerabilities, assessing mitigation strategies, and refining emergency response protocols. Practical implications of this study offer a crucial understanding of reactor behavior, safety system performance, and emergency response strategies, thereby improving safety, optimizing operational practices, and reducing risks in nuclear reactor accidents.
文摘With the rapid development of the wind power industry, the use of wind power and other renewable energy is becoming more and more large, which puts forward higher requirements for the operation efficiency and quality of the power equipment. Therefore, the operation and maintenance management of the wind power equipment becomes more and more important. This article mainly combined the operation and maintenance management examples of my country's aerospace Wanyuan wind turbine equipment, and conducted an in-depth analysis of some problems and difficulties that may exist in the long-term operation and maintenance of aerospace wind turbine equipment, and combines actual work and practical experience. Finally, the relevant management policies and measures for strengthening the daily operation and maintenance of aerospace wind power generation wind turbine equipment were initially proposed.
文摘In order to accurately forecast the main engine fuel consumption and reduce the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator(EEOI)of merchant ships in polar ice areas,the energy transfer relationship between ship-machine-propeller is studied by analyzing the complex force situation during ship navigation and building a MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform based on multi-environmental resistance,propeller efficiency,main engine power,fuel consumption,fuel consumption rate and EEOI calculation module.Considering the environmental factors of wind,wave and ice,the route is divided into sections,the calculation of main engine power,main engine fuel consumption and EEOI for each section is completed,and the speed design is optimized based on the simulation model for each section.Under the requirements of the voyage plan,the optimization results show that the energy efficiency operation index of the whole route is reduced by 3.114%and the fuel consumption is reduced by 9.17 t.
文摘The banking industry is placing increasing emphasis on green finance to address climate change,support sustainable development,and align with environmental,social,and governance(ESG)goals,as well as sustainable investments to fund environmentally friendly projects.In an era of growing regulatory pressure and rising demand for sustainability from investors and stakeholders,green finance has become a vital tool for banks to enhance operational efficiency.It can reduce operational costs by financing energy-saving projects,improve asset quality by funding low-risk sustainable projects,and even attract capital from environmentally responsible capital markets.Additionally,green finance helps improve risk management frameworks by financing projects that align with long-term sustainable development objectives.This paper explores the relationship between green finance and the operational efficiency of three major banks—RHB Bank,Industrial and Commercial Bank of China(ICBC),and Deutsche Bank.The article focuses on analyzing how these banks integrate green finance into their strategies and the overall impact of these initiatives on operational performance,primarily cost reduction.
文摘This paper examines whether China＇s labor cost is too high and rising too fast from the five aspects of macro distribution, corporate cost structure, labor productivity, labor cost structure and international comparison, shedding light on the real causes of rising labor cost. On the basis of our analysis, we propose a few policy recommendations on China＇s macroeconomy and corporate development.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50578030)
文摘To investigate the long-term operating efficiencies of container ports, we extend the work of previous researches to present a new systemic and improved method of data envelopment analysis （DEA）-based Malmquist productivity index （MPI） in this paper. An approach based on both panel data and multi-inputs/outputs is considered comprehensively, and aims at measuring the operating efficiencies of 10 leading container ports in China from 2001 to 2006 by applying this new systematic influence factor of total factor productivity change is the calculation method. The results illustrate that the main technology change, and the container transportation of these 10 ports is on the healthy development status and will recover and grow reposefully in the following years
文摘Despite blockchain’s potential to transform corporations by providing new ways of organizing business processes and handling information,extant research pays inadequate attention to how and under what conditions blockchain technology provides additional financial value for shareholders.Drawing on the efficient market hypothesis and signaling theory,we examined the relationship between firms’blockchain use,development announcements,and stock market reactions.We used the event study methodology to analyze a sample of blockchain projects initiated by US firms between 2016 and 2019.The sample contains 114 firm-event observations.The findings show that the average abnormal return over a 2 days event period(including the day of the announcement and the day after the announcement)was positive.This positive stock market reaction is even more substantial when firms announce blockchain projects that focus on saving cost or time.Our findings also indicate that blockchain announcements tend to elicit more positive market reactions from smaller firms.We analyzed 249 firm-event observations containing firms from around the world and conclude that blockchain technology has a non-significant long-term impact on operating performance.The contingency approach adopted in our research provides advice for selecting the right mix of blockchain investment initiatives that is most suitable for a given organizational context.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 60978027, 60938001,and 61078054)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (Nos. 2009ZRB01907 and ZR2010EM001)+1 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-10-0526)the Independent Innovation Foundation of Shandong University (Nos. 2009TS129, 2010JC015, and 2010TS090)
文摘By aiming the pump wavelength of the laser （Ndo.oo5Luo.4975Yo.4975）2SiO5 （Nd：LYSO） crystal 1 079 nm is obtained. The maximum output power corresponding to an optical conversion efficiency of diode to the absorption peak at 811 an efficient dual-wavelength operation at 1 is 702 mW when the incident pump power is 27.7% and a slope efficiency of 37.0% of the 075 and 2.53W,
