This paper depicted the physiographic landscape features and natural vegetation situation of study area (the eastern Jilin Province), and expatiates the definition, basic characters and its development of Ecological L...This paper depicted the physiographic landscape features and natural vegetation situation of study area (the eastern Jilin Province), and expatiates the definition, basic characters and its development of Ecological Land Classification (ELC). Based on the combination of relief map, satellite photography for study area and vegetation inventory data of 480 sample sites, a 5-class and a 15-class ecological land type map was concluded according to 4 important factors including slope, aspect, vegetation and elevation. Ecological Classification System (ECS) is a method to identify, characterize, and map ecosystems. The Ecological Land Type (ELT) was examined and applied initially in eastern Jilin Province.展开更多
We developed a vegetation geo-climatic zonation incorporating the zonal concept, gradient and discriminant analysis in Wasatch Range, northern Utah, USA. Mountainous forest ecosystems were sampled and described by veg...We developed a vegetation geo-climatic zonation incorporating the zonal concept, gradient and discriminant analysis in Wasatch Range, northern Utah, USA. Mountainous forest ecosystems were sampled and described by vegetation, physiographic features and soil properties. The Snowpack Telemetry and National Weather Service Cooperative Observer Program weather station networks were used to approximate the climate of sample plots. We analysed vegetation and environmental data using clustering, ordination, classification, and ANOVA techniques to reveal environmental gradients affecting a broad vegetation pattern and discriminate these gradients. The specific objective was to assess and classify the response of the complex vegetation to those environmental factors operating at a coarse-scale climatic level. Ordination revealed the dominant role of regional, altitude-based climate in the area. Based on vegetation physiognomy, represented by five tree species, climatic data and taxonomic classification of zonal soils, we identified two vegetation geo-climatic zones:(1) a montane zone, with Rocky Mountain juniper and Douglas-fir; and(2) a subalpine zone, with Engelmann spruce and subalpine fir as climatic climax species. Aspen was excluded from the zonation due to its great ecological amplitude. We found significant differences between the zones in regional climate and landformgeomorphology/soils. Regional climate was represented by elevation, precipitation, and air and soil temperatures; and geomorphology by soil types. This coarse-scale vegetation geo-climatic zonation provides a framework for a comprehensive ecosystem survey, which is missing in the central Rocky Mountains of the United States. The vegetation-geoclimatic zonation represents a conceptual improvement on earlier classifications. This framework explicitly accounts for the influence of the physical environment on the distribution of vegetation within a complex landscape typical of the central Rocky Mountains and in mountain ranges elsewhere.展开更多
In the context of dual-cycle development,improving the supply and demand capacity of ecosystem services is foundational to promoting high-quality economic development.Based on accounting for the supply and demand of e...In the context of dual-cycle development,improving the supply and demand capacity of ecosystem services is foundational to promoting high-quality economic development.Based on accounting for the supply and demand of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)from 2000 to 2020,we analyze the characteristics of their temporal and spatial evolution and classify the ecological types of 41 cities in the YRD in 2020.The findingsare as follows:(1)During the 20 years,the supply value of ecosystem services in the YRD has decreased,but the overall value is high.Moreover,the spatial distribution of ecosystem services shows a notable distribution pattern of“high in the south and low in the north”.Furthermore,the demand for ecological value has increased significantly,and the demand of the northeastern plains region is much higher than that of the southwestern mountainous region.(2)The spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem service supply-demand balance in the YRD region is pronounced,with a notable distribution pattern,mainly dominated by cities with balanced supply-demand that forms a high-value area centered on Shanghai-Suzhou and a low-value area dominated by Chizhou-Huangshan and Huabei-Bozhou,which have strong ecological and economic synergies.(3)By 2020,there were 2 ecological conservation cities,3 ecological restoration cities,29 ecological remodeling cities,and 7 ecological development cities in the YRD,indicating overall coordinated ecological and economic development.展开更多
基金supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences"100 people’project and the Open Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystem
文摘This paper depicted the physiographic landscape features and natural vegetation situation of study area (the eastern Jilin Province), and expatiates the definition, basic characters and its development of Ecological Land Classification (ELC). Based on the combination of relief map, satellite photography for study area and vegetation inventory data of 480 sample sites, a 5-class and a 15-class ecological land type map was concluded according to 4 important factors including slope, aspect, vegetation and elevation. Ecological Classification System (ECS) is a method to identify, characterize, and map ecosystems. The Ecological Land Type (ELT) was examined and applied initially in eastern Jilin Province.
基金supported in part by the Ecology Center, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, Wasatch-Cache National Forest, Forest Supervisor’s Office, and the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University,USA and approved as journal paper no. 8235
文摘We developed a vegetation geo-climatic zonation incorporating the zonal concept, gradient and discriminant analysis in Wasatch Range, northern Utah, USA. Mountainous forest ecosystems were sampled and described by vegetation, physiographic features and soil properties. The Snowpack Telemetry and National Weather Service Cooperative Observer Program weather station networks were used to approximate the climate of sample plots. We analysed vegetation and environmental data using clustering, ordination, classification, and ANOVA techniques to reveal environmental gradients affecting a broad vegetation pattern and discriminate these gradients. The specific objective was to assess and classify the response of the complex vegetation to those environmental factors operating at a coarse-scale climatic level. Ordination revealed the dominant role of regional, altitude-based climate in the area. Based on vegetation physiognomy, represented by five tree species, climatic data and taxonomic classification of zonal soils, we identified two vegetation geo-climatic zones:(1) a montane zone, with Rocky Mountain juniper and Douglas-fir; and(2) a subalpine zone, with Engelmann spruce and subalpine fir as climatic climax species. Aspen was excluded from the zonation due to its great ecological amplitude. We found significant differences between the zones in regional climate and landformgeomorphology/soils. Regional climate was represented by elevation, precipitation, and air and soil temperatures; and geomorphology by soil types. This coarse-scale vegetation geo-climatic zonation provides a framework for a comprehensive ecosystem survey, which is missing in the central Rocky Mountains of the United States. The vegetation-geoclimatic zonation represents a conceptual improvement on earlier classifications. This framework explicitly accounts for the influence of the physical environment on the distribution of vegetation within a complex landscape typical of the central Rocky Mountains and in mountain ranges elsewhere.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42371185)。
文摘In the context of dual-cycle development,improving the supply and demand capacity of ecosystem services is foundational to promoting high-quality economic development.Based on accounting for the supply and demand of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)from 2000 to 2020,we analyze the characteristics of their temporal and spatial evolution and classify the ecological types of 41 cities in the YRD in 2020.The findingsare as follows:(1)During the 20 years,the supply value of ecosystem services in the YRD has decreased,but the overall value is high.Moreover,the spatial distribution of ecosystem services shows a notable distribution pattern of“high in the south and low in the north”.Furthermore,the demand for ecological value has increased significantly,and the demand of the northeastern plains region is much higher than that of the southwestern mountainous region.(2)The spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem service supply-demand balance in the YRD region is pronounced,with a notable distribution pattern,mainly dominated by cities with balanced supply-demand that forms a high-value area centered on Shanghai-Suzhou and a low-value area dominated by Chizhou-Huangshan and Huabei-Bozhou,which have strong ecological and economic synergies.(3)By 2020,there were 2 ecological conservation cities,3 ecological restoration cities,29 ecological remodeling cities,and 7 ecological development cities in the YRD,indicating overall coordinated ecological and economic development.
