The design and development of solar dryers are crucial in regions with abundant solar energy,such as Bhopal,India,where seasonal variations significantly impact the efficiency of drying processes.The paper is focused ...The design and development of solar dryers are crucial in regions with abundant solar energy,such as Bhopal,India,where seasonal variations significantly impact the efficiency of drying processes.The paper is focused on employing a comprehensive mathematical model to predict the dryer’s performance in drying the materials such as banana slices.To enhance this model,Hyper Tuned Swarm Optimization with Gradient Tree(HT_SOGT)was utilized to accurately predict and determine the optimal size of the dryer dimensions considering various mathematical calculations for material drying.The predictive model considered the influence of seasonal fluctuations,ensuring an efficient drying process with an objective function to optimize the drying time of an average of 7 hrs throughout the year.Across all recorded ambient temperatures(ranging from 16.985○C to 31.4○C),the outlet temperature of the solar dryer is consistently higher,ranging from 39.085○C to 66.2○C.The results show that the optimized dryer design,based on HT_SOGT modelling,significantly improves drying efficiency of the materials across varying conditions,making it suitable for sustainable applications in agriculture and food processing industries in the Bhopal region.展开更多
This study is an extension of the previous work done with ARS-680 Environmental Chamber. Drying is a complex operation that demands much energy and time. Drying is essentially important for preservation of ginger rhiz...This study is an extension of the previous work done with ARS-680 Environmental Chamber. Drying is a complex operation that demands much energy and time. Drying is essentially important for preservation of ginger rhizome. Drying of ginger was modeled, and then the effective diffusion coefficient and activation energy were determined. For this purpose, the experiments were done at six levels of varied temperatures: 10°C, 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, 50°C and 60°C. The values of effective diffusion coefficients obtained in this work for the variously treated ginger rhizomes closely agreed with the average effective diffusion coefficients of other notable authors who determined the drying kinetics and convective heat transfer coefficients of ginger slices.展开更多
Freeze-drying of the initially porous frozen material with pre-built pores from liquid material was found experimentally to save drying time by over 30% with an initial saturation being 0.28 compared with the conventi...Freeze-drying of the initially porous frozen material with pre-built pores from liquid material was found experimentally to save drying time by over 30% with an initial saturation being 0.28 compared with the conventional operation with the initial saturation being 1, using mannitol as the solid material. In order to understand the mass and heat transfer phenomena of this novel process, a two-dimensional mathematical model of coupled mass and heat transfer was derived with reference to the cylindrical coordinate system. Three adsorption–desorption equilibrium relationships between the vapour pressure and saturation value namely, power-law, Redhead's style and Kelvin's style equation, were tested. Kelvin's style in exponential form of adsorption equilibrium relation gave an excellent agreement between the model prediction and experimental measurement when the equation parameter, γ, of 5000 was applied. Analyses of temperature and ice saturation profiles show that additional heat needs to be supplied to increase the sample temperature in order to promote the desorption process. Simulation also shows that there is a threshold initial porosity after which the drying time decreased with the increase in the initial porosity. Enhanced freeze-drying is expected to be achieved by simultaneously enhancing mass and heat transfer of the process.展开更多
This study explores an innovative method for drying rice grains using microwave energy combined with a pseudo-boiling(fluidized)layer system.The proposed drying apparatus,developed at Namangan State Technical Universi...This study explores an innovative method for drying rice grains using microwave energy combined with a pseudo-boiling(fluidized)layer system.The proposed drying apparatus,developed at Namangan State Technical University,enables direct energy transfer to the rice core through the husk by means of electromagnetic waves.Experimental measurements were conducted to evaluate the distribution of the microwave field emitted from the magnetron,and theoretical models were formulated to calculate the drying time based on the physical properties of rice.The results demonstrate that microwave-assisted pseudo-boiling drying significantly reduces energy consumption and drying duration compared to traditional convection-based techniques.Furthermore,an analytical expression was derived to estimate the number of heating cycles required to raise grain temperature,taking into account electromagnetic background intensity and rice grain surface geometry approximated as an ellipsoid.The findings confirm the effectiveness of this method in improving drying efficiency and suggest potential for industrial-scale applications with minimal thermal damage to the rice.展开更多
The quality of the drying process depends mainly on the efficient use of thermal energy.Sustainable systems based on solar energy takes a leading role in the drying of agro-products because of low operating cost.Howev...The quality of the drying process depends mainly on the efficient use of thermal energy.Sustainable systems based on solar energy takes a leading role in the drying of agro-products because of low operating cost.However,they are limited in use during off–sun periods.Biomass dryer is one of the simplest ways of drying because of its potential to dry products regardless of time and climate conditions.The other benefit is that crop residues could be used as fuel in these systems.However,the major limitation of the dryer is unequal drying because of poor airflow distribution in the drying medium,which can be improved by integrating some design changes in the dryer.This review analyses the two types of biomass dryers:industrial biomass dryers and small biomass dryers for food product,along with their efficiency.Further,studies on technical,sustainability and economic aspects are expected to provide a greater understanding of biomass drying.展开更多
文摘The design and development of solar dryers are crucial in regions with abundant solar energy,such as Bhopal,India,where seasonal variations significantly impact the efficiency of drying processes.The paper is focused on employing a comprehensive mathematical model to predict the dryer’s performance in drying the materials such as banana slices.To enhance this model,Hyper Tuned Swarm Optimization with Gradient Tree(HT_SOGT)was utilized to accurately predict and determine the optimal size of the dryer dimensions considering various mathematical calculations for material drying.The predictive model considered the influence of seasonal fluctuations,ensuring an efficient drying process with an objective function to optimize the drying time of an average of 7 hrs throughout the year.Across all recorded ambient temperatures(ranging from 16.985○C to 31.4○C),the outlet temperature of the solar dryer is consistently higher,ranging from 39.085○C to 66.2○C.The results show that the optimized dryer design,based on HT_SOGT modelling,significantly improves drying efficiency of the materials across varying conditions,making it suitable for sustainable applications in agriculture and food processing industries in the Bhopal region.
文摘This study is an extension of the previous work done with ARS-680 Environmental Chamber. Drying is a complex operation that demands much energy and time. Drying is essentially important for preservation of ginger rhizome. Drying of ginger was modeled, and then the effective diffusion coefficient and activation energy were determined. For this purpose, the experiments were done at six levels of varied temperatures: 10°C, 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, 50°C and 60°C. The values of effective diffusion coefficients obtained in this work for the variously treated ginger rhizomes closely agreed with the average effective diffusion coefficients of other notable authors who determined the drying kinetics and convective heat transfer coefficients of ginger slices.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT14RC(3)008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21076042)the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong SAR(HKUST600704)
文摘Freeze-drying of the initially porous frozen material with pre-built pores from liquid material was found experimentally to save drying time by over 30% with an initial saturation being 0.28 compared with the conventional operation with the initial saturation being 1, using mannitol as the solid material. In order to understand the mass and heat transfer phenomena of this novel process, a two-dimensional mathematical model of coupled mass and heat transfer was derived with reference to the cylindrical coordinate system. Three adsorption–desorption equilibrium relationships between the vapour pressure and saturation value namely, power-law, Redhead's style and Kelvin's style equation, were tested. Kelvin's style in exponential form of adsorption equilibrium relation gave an excellent agreement between the model prediction and experimental measurement when the equation parameter, γ, of 5000 was applied. Analyses of temperature and ice saturation profiles show that additional heat needs to be supplied to increase the sample temperature in order to promote the desorption process. Simulation also shows that there is a threshold initial porosity after which the drying time decreased with the increase in the initial porosity. Enhanced freeze-drying is expected to be achieved by simultaneously enhancing mass and heat transfer of the process.
文摘This study explores an innovative method for drying rice grains using microwave energy combined with a pseudo-boiling(fluidized)layer system.The proposed drying apparatus,developed at Namangan State Technical University,enables direct energy transfer to the rice core through the husk by means of electromagnetic waves.Experimental measurements were conducted to evaluate the distribution of the microwave field emitted from the magnetron,and theoretical models were formulated to calculate the drying time based on the physical properties of rice.The results demonstrate that microwave-assisted pseudo-boiling drying significantly reduces energy consumption and drying duration compared to traditional convection-based techniques.Furthermore,an analytical expression was derived to estimate the number of heating cycles required to raise grain temperature,taking into account electromagnetic background intensity and rice grain surface geometry approximated as an ellipsoid.The findings confirm the effectiveness of this method in improving drying efficiency and suggest potential for industrial-scale applications with minimal thermal damage to the rice.
文摘The quality of the drying process depends mainly on the efficient use of thermal energy.Sustainable systems based on solar energy takes a leading role in the drying of agro-products because of low operating cost.However,they are limited in use during off–sun periods.Biomass dryer is one of the simplest ways of drying because of its potential to dry products regardless of time and climate conditions.The other benefit is that crop residues could be used as fuel in these systems.However,the major limitation of the dryer is unequal drying because of poor airflow distribution in the drying medium,which can be improved by integrating some design changes in the dryer.This review analyses the two types of biomass dryers:industrial biomass dryers and small biomass dryers for food product,along with their efficiency.Further,studies on technical,sustainability and economic aspects are expected to provide a greater understanding of biomass drying.
