Background:Traditional Chinese medicine requires special processing before it can be effectively used for clinical treatment of diseases.In particular,Tangshen stir-fried with wheat bran smoke has been found to enhanc...Background:Traditional Chinese medicine requires special processing before it can be effectively used for clinical treatment of diseases.In particular,Tangshen stir-fried with wheat bran smoke has been found to enhance the function of the stomach and spleen.However,there is limited research on the technology and pharmacodynamic effects of Tangshen fried with bran.Therefore,the objective of this article is to optimize the method of stir-frying with bran for Tangshen processing and to compare the anti-fatigue and hypoxia-resistance effects of Tangshen before and after bran-frying.Methods:The response surface methodology was utilized to optimize the frying temperature,frying time,and the bran-to-Tangshen ratio,using lobetyolin as the indicator.The swimming time of mice and the levels of blood urea nitrogen,lactate dehydrogenase,and blood glucose in fatigued mice were compared before and after Tangshen was fried with bran.Additionally,the hypoxic resistance ability of Tangshen before and after bran-frying was determined through normobaric hypoxia test and sodium nitrite poisoning test.Results:The optimal bran-frying conditions for Tangshen processing were determined as:frying temperature of 167°C,frying time of 2.67 min,and the bran-to-Tangshen ratio of 50:100.Pharmacodynamic analysis results indicated that Tangshen significantly increased the GLU content(P<0.01)and significantly reduced the LDH content(P<0.01)both before and after bran-frying.While both traditional and new bran-frying methods significantly increased the content of muscle glycogen(P<0.05),the optimized method in this study also significantly elevated the content of liver glycogen(P<0.05).The traditional method significantly prolonged the survival time of mice from sodium nitrite poisoning(P<0.05).Conclusion:The response surface model proved to be highly effective in optimizing the stir-frying process with bran for Tangshen processing.The results of this study indicate that Tangshen possesses anti-fatigue and hypoxia-resistance effects both before and after bran-frying,with bran-fried Tangshen exhibiting significantly stronger effects.展开更多
The description and differentiation of the so-called"Cold"and"Hot"natures,the primary"Drug Naure"of Chinese medicine,is the focus of theoretical research.In this study,the divergency betw...The description and differentiation of the so-called"Cold"and"Hot"natures,the primary"Drug Naure"of Chinese medicine,is the focus of theoretical research.In this study,the divergency between the"Cold"and the"Hot"natures was investigated through examining the temperature tropism of mice affected by Coptis chinensis Franch and its processed materials by using a cold/hot plate differentiating technology.After exposure to C.chinensis Franch,the macroscopic behavioral index of the remaining rate(RR)on a warm pad(40℃)significantly increased(P<0.05),suggesting the enhancement of Hot tropism.The internal indexes of adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase)activity and oxygen consuming volume decreased significantly(P<0.05),suggesting the decapability of energy metabolism.This external behavior of Hot tropism might reflect the internal Cold nature of C.chinensis Franch.However,the processed materials of C.chinensis Franch exhibited a different Cold nature in temperature tropism compared with crude C.chinensis Franch(CC):the Cold nature of bile-processed C.chinensis Franch(BC)enhanced while the ginger-processed C.chinensis Franch(GC)changed inversely.The changing sequence was consistent with the theoretical prognostication.It is indicated that the external Cold&Hot natures of Chinese medicine may possibly reflect in an ethological way for the changes of animal’s temperature tropism which might be internally regulated by the body’s energy metabolism.展开更多
The study of a Mitsunobu reaction is an important topic.Denton and co-workers first reported a novel(2-hydroxybenzyl)diphenylphosphine oxide for realizing the catalytic Mitsunobu reaction via a five-membered phosphoni...The study of a Mitsunobu reaction is an important topic.Denton and co-workers first reported a novel(2-hydroxybenzyl)diphenylphosphine oxide for realizing the catalytic Mitsunobu reaction via a five-membered phosphonium species.However,it is still worth investigating how to improve catalysts with higher efficiency.Guided by computational and experimental studies,we designed a new type of biphenyl-based phosphine oxide that would form a six-membered phosphonium species as a key intermediate to trigger the catalytic Mitsunobu reaction with a lower barrier of the rate-determining step(30.3 kcal/mol).DFT calculations revealed that only trans dehydration was participated in our catalytic progress and a strongπ-πinteraction and small spatial constraint of TS-V were crucial for high behavior.This readily accessible,highly stable,easily recyclable and efficient catalyst would boost the catalytic Mitsunobu reaction.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Key Project of the Key R&D Program of the Department of Science and Technology of Shanxi Province(201603D3112002).
文摘Background:Traditional Chinese medicine requires special processing before it can be effectively used for clinical treatment of diseases.In particular,Tangshen stir-fried with wheat bran smoke has been found to enhance the function of the stomach and spleen.However,there is limited research on the technology and pharmacodynamic effects of Tangshen fried with bran.Therefore,the objective of this article is to optimize the method of stir-frying with bran for Tangshen processing and to compare the anti-fatigue and hypoxia-resistance effects of Tangshen before and after bran-frying.Methods:The response surface methodology was utilized to optimize the frying temperature,frying time,and the bran-to-Tangshen ratio,using lobetyolin as the indicator.The swimming time of mice and the levels of blood urea nitrogen,lactate dehydrogenase,and blood glucose in fatigued mice were compared before and after Tangshen was fried with bran.Additionally,the hypoxic resistance ability of Tangshen before and after bran-frying was determined through normobaric hypoxia test and sodium nitrite poisoning test.Results:The optimal bran-frying conditions for Tangshen processing were determined as:frying temperature of 167°C,frying time of 2.67 min,and the bran-to-Tangshen ratio of 50:100.Pharmacodynamic analysis results indicated that Tangshen significantly increased the GLU content(P<0.01)and significantly reduced the LDH content(P<0.01)both before and after bran-frying.While both traditional and new bran-frying methods significantly increased the content of muscle glycogen(P<0.05),the optimized method in this study also significantly elevated the content of liver glycogen(P<0.05).The traditional method significantly prolonged the survival time of mice from sodium nitrite poisoning(P<0.05).Conclusion:The response surface model proved to be highly effective in optimizing the stir-frying process with bran for Tangshen processing.The results of this study indicate that Tangshen possesses anti-fatigue and hypoxia-resistance effects both before and after bran-frying,with bran-fried Tangshen exhibiting significantly stronger effects.
基金Supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos 2007CB512607 and 2006CB504703)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No 30625042)
文摘The description and differentiation of the so-called"Cold"and"Hot"natures,the primary"Drug Naure"of Chinese medicine,is the focus of theoretical research.In this study,the divergency between the"Cold"and the"Hot"natures was investigated through examining the temperature tropism of mice affected by Coptis chinensis Franch and its processed materials by using a cold/hot plate differentiating technology.After exposure to C.chinensis Franch,the macroscopic behavioral index of the remaining rate(RR)on a warm pad(40℃)significantly increased(P<0.05),suggesting the enhancement of Hot tropism.The internal indexes of adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase)activity and oxygen consuming volume decreased significantly(P<0.05),suggesting the decapability of energy metabolism.This external behavior of Hot tropism might reflect the internal Cold nature of C.chinensis Franch.However,the processed materials of C.chinensis Franch exhibited a different Cold nature in temperature tropism compared with crude C.chinensis Franch(CC):the Cold nature of bile-processed C.chinensis Franch(BC)enhanced while the ginger-processed C.chinensis Franch(GC)changed inversely.The changing sequence was consistent with the theoretical prognostication.It is indicated that the external Cold&Hot natures of Chinese medicine may possibly reflect in an ethological way for the changes of animal’s temperature tropism which might be internally regulated by the body’s energy metabolism.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22078298,21978271 and 22178315)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LY21B020007)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M712824)Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2023C03117).
文摘The study of a Mitsunobu reaction is an important topic.Denton and co-workers first reported a novel(2-hydroxybenzyl)diphenylphosphine oxide for realizing the catalytic Mitsunobu reaction via a five-membered phosphonium species.However,it is still worth investigating how to improve catalysts with higher efficiency.Guided by computational and experimental studies,we designed a new type of biphenyl-based phosphine oxide that would form a six-membered phosphonium species as a key intermediate to trigger the catalytic Mitsunobu reaction with a lower barrier of the rate-determining step(30.3 kcal/mol).DFT calculations revealed that only trans dehydration was participated in our catalytic progress and a strongπ-πinteraction and small spatial constraint of TS-V were crucial for high behavior.This readily accessible,highly stable,easily recyclable and efficient catalyst would boost the catalytic Mitsunobu reaction.
