Train drivers are engaged in high-stress job. It may induce sleep, fatigue, and alertness loss at work, and endanger public safety. It’s unclear that cytokines of train driver would be influenced by their job. The re...Train drivers are engaged in high-stress job. It may induce sleep, fatigue, and alertness loss at work, and endanger public safety. It’s unclear that cytokines of train driver would be influenced by their job. The research considers the hypothesis that stressful professions, such as train driver, influence the body’s immune system through the long-time and high-pressure working, and change production of neuro-immune factors. Using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), several neuro-immune factors were assayed among train drivers (N = 82) and health blood donors (N = 80) enrolled in the Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Control. The concentrations of angiotensin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined. Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparisons test were performed for overall comparison between groups and for pairwise comparison, respectively. Statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05. The profession of train driving was not associated with significant increases or decreases in the systemic levels of inflammatory (CRP, IL-8, and TNF-α), but it was associated with the high expression of angiotensin in vivo. These findings suggest that the job of train driving may not be associated with significant alterations in systemic immune condition, but arouse the level of angiotensin.展开更多
The significance of the construction of ecological civilization lies not only in the protection and management of the ecological environment in China, but also in the improvement of people's awareness of the prote...The significance of the construction of ecological civilization lies not only in the protection and management of the ecological environment in China, but also in the improvement of people's awareness of the protection of the natural environment and the unique understanding of the relationship between man and man, society and man and nature, the deep analysis of the relationship between between economic development and environmental protection. Taking the ecological civilization as the angle of view, taking 20 foreign-funded enterprises in Hohhot, Baotou, Erdos and Chifeng of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as the research object, using the questionnaire method, the basic data of the enterprises are analyzed by mathematical statistics. The conclusion is that the driving factors of the basic social responsibility of the foreign-funded enterprises mainly come from the requirements of relevant laws and regulations. The main driving force of the medium-level corporate responsibility comes from the promotion of corporate brand image, and the main driving force of corporate responsibility comes from obtaining legal business.展开更多
The human factor is the most important cause of road accidents. Investigating the drivers’ mental patterns can lead to a better understanding of the factors that affect drivers to make a mistake and thus increase the...The human factor is the most important cause of road accidents. Investigating the drivers’ mental patterns can lead to a better understanding of the factors that affect drivers to make a mistake and thus increase the likelihood of an accident. In this study, mental patterns of drivers as a human characteristic are determined through a questionnaire survey. To do this, 166 participants (18 - 65 years) were asked to express their opinion on the possible effect of 25 factors on the occurrence of accidents. These factors were selected through the investigation of the accident database during the last three years in different areas of the case study. To analyze the data extracted from the survey, Q-methodology was used. The results of the factor analysis showed that there are 5 mental patterns among the participants. Based on the driver’s opinion, human factors and road conditions were the most and least influential accident-generating items, respectively. The most significant reason for accidents determined by drivers was human errors including 1) unauthorized overtaking, 2) unauthorized speed, 3) driver distractions (such as cell phone), and 4) driver physical disability (such as visual impairment). Moreover, the failure of the vehicle was mostly reported as another influential contributor to accidents. It is worth mentioning that the results of this study can be used to minimize accidents resulted from drivers’ behavioral errors by suggesting strategies for enhancing their performance through new manuals which is a step towards a safer road.展开更多
<span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Flood is a natural process generated by the interaction of various driving fac</span><span style="font-...<span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Flood is a natural process generated by the interaction of various driving fac</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tors. Flood peak flows, flood frequency at different return periods, and potential driving forces are analyzed in this study. The peak flow of six gauging stations, with a catchment area ranging from 169 -</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">124,108 km</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and sufficient observed streamflow data, was selected to develop threshold (3</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">rd</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> quartile) magnitude and frequency (POTF) that occurred over ten years of records. Sixteen Potential climatic, watershed and human driving factors of floods in the study area were identified and analyzed with GIS, Pearson’s correlation, and Principal Correlation Analysis (PCA) to select the most influential factors. Eight of them (MAR, DA, BE, VS, sand, forest AGR, PD) are identified as the most significant variables in the flood formation of the basin. Moreover, mean annual rainfall (MAR), drainage area (DA), and lack of forest cover are explored as the principal driving factors for flood peak discharge in Wabi-Shebele River Basin. Fi</span></span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nally, the study resulted in regression equations that helped plan and design different infrastructure works in the basin as ungauged catchment empirical</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> equations to compute Q</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">MPF</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, Q</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">5</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, Q</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">10</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, Q</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">50</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, and Q</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">100</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> using influential climate, watershed, and human driving factors. The results of these empirical equations are </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">also statistically accepted with a high significance correlation (R</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> > 0.9).展开更多
Introduction: In 21st century, road traffic accidents (RTA) are considered as increasing epidemic of non-communicable disease which is abandoned and needs special attention to prevent them. The aim of this study was t...Introduction: In 21st century, road traffic accidents (RTA) are considered as increasing epidemic of non-communicable disease which is abandoned and needs special attention to prevent them. The aim of this study was to assess the factors and pattern of injuries associated with road traffic accidents. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 112 RTA victims and 56 drivers in Palpa District of Nepal. The association of factors and pattern of injuries with exposure to accidents was assessed using Fisher’s exact test. Bivariate logistic regression examined the association between driving and socio-demographics factors and exposure to road accidents. Results: Of 112 RTA victims, 50% were in the age group of 21 to 40 years and 71.4% were male. Drivers who were in the age less than or equal to 30 years were more likely (OR: 3.6;95% CI: 1.0, 14.3) to expose to an accident than those who were above 30 years. Similarly, those having driving speed less than 40 km/hr were less likely to expose to an accident than those with speed 40 - 60 km/hr (OR: 6.0;95% CI: 0.8, 73.5) and those with speed more than 60 km/hr (OR 7.8;95% CI: 1.0, 100.1). Moreover, the driving experience was also found positively associated (OR: 5.6;95% CI: 1.1, 35.5) with the exposure to an accident. Conclusion: Being in younger age group, male gender, morning time, the driving speed, driving experiences, and driving hours on the road were positively associated with RTA. The efforts should be made to enforce laws in control of speed targeting experienced drivers and those with younger age groups.展开更多
随着经济发展与城镇化快速推进,城乡居民饮食消费结构发生显著转变,并产生了一定的资源环境影响.为缓解食物消费带来的水资源配置压力,助力“双碳”目标的实现,本研究量化了2000—2022年中国31个省级行政区城乡居民食物消费的碳足迹与...随着经济发展与城镇化快速推进,城乡居民饮食消费结构发生显著转变,并产生了一定的资源环境影响.为缓解食物消费带来的水资源配置压力,助力“双碳”目标的实现,本研究量化了2000—2022年中国31个省级行政区城乡居民食物消费的碳足迹与水足迹,并运用Kaya恒等式与LMDI(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index)模型分解其驱动因素.结果表明:研究期内城乡食物消费情况日益趋同,城乡居民的人均食物消费量均向400 kg水平靠拢,但二者仍存在结构上的差异.城镇居民人均食物消费碳足迹(水足迹)增加了32.80%(35.27%),农村居民人均碳足迹(水足迹)增加了11.66%(17.58%),二者的空间分布格局均向“四周高中间低”演变.驱动因素作用各异,地方经济水平、食物价量比与食物消费水平是城乡居民食物消费碳足迹与水足迹的共同驱动因子,分别起到促进、抑制以及整体上抑制作用,而消费潜力和城镇化水平的驱动作用则呈现出二元性(城镇:促进作用;农村:抑制作用).该研究旨在发掘城乡居民食物消费碳足迹与水足迹的变化特征及其共同驱动因子,为构建可持续食物系统提供科学依据.展开更多
文摘Train drivers are engaged in high-stress job. It may induce sleep, fatigue, and alertness loss at work, and endanger public safety. It’s unclear that cytokines of train driver would be influenced by their job. The research considers the hypothesis that stressful professions, such as train driver, influence the body’s immune system through the long-time and high-pressure working, and change production of neuro-immune factors. Using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), several neuro-immune factors were assayed among train drivers (N = 82) and health blood donors (N = 80) enrolled in the Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Control. The concentrations of angiotensin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined. Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparisons test were performed for overall comparison between groups and for pairwise comparison, respectively. Statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05. The profession of train driving was not associated with significant increases or decreases in the systemic levels of inflammatory (CRP, IL-8, and TNF-α), but it was associated with the high expression of angiotensin in vivo. These findings suggest that the job of train driving may not be associated with significant alterations in systemic immune condition, but arouse the level of angiotensin.
文摘The significance of the construction of ecological civilization lies not only in the protection and management of the ecological environment in China, but also in the improvement of people's awareness of the protection of the natural environment and the unique understanding of the relationship between man and man, society and man and nature, the deep analysis of the relationship between between economic development and environmental protection. Taking the ecological civilization as the angle of view, taking 20 foreign-funded enterprises in Hohhot, Baotou, Erdos and Chifeng of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as the research object, using the questionnaire method, the basic data of the enterprises are analyzed by mathematical statistics. The conclusion is that the driving factors of the basic social responsibility of the foreign-funded enterprises mainly come from the requirements of relevant laws and regulations. The main driving force of the medium-level corporate responsibility comes from the promotion of corporate brand image, and the main driving force of corporate responsibility comes from obtaining legal business.
文摘The human factor is the most important cause of road accidents. Investigating the drivers’ mental patterns can lead to a better understanding of the factors that affect drivers to make a mistake and thus increase the likelihood of an accident. In this study, mental patterns of drivers as a human characteristic are determined through a questionnaire survey. To do this, 166 participants (18 - 65 years) were asked to express their opinion on the possible effect of 25 factors on the occurrence of accidents. These factors were selected through the investigation of the accident database during the last three years in different areas of the case study. To analyze the data extracted from the survey, Q-methodology was used. The results of the factor analysis showed that there are 5 mental patterns among the participants. Based on the driver’s opinion, human factors and road conditions were the most and least influential accident-generating items, respectively. The most significant reason for accidents determined by drivers was human errors including 1) unauthorized overtaking, 2) unauthorized speed, 3) driver distractions (such as cell phone), and 4) driver physical disability (such as visual impairment). Moreover, the failure of the vehicle was mostly reported as another influential contributor to accidents. It is worth mentioning that the results of this study can be used to minimize accidents resulted from drivers’ behavioral errors by suggesting strategies for enhancing their performance through new manuals which is a step towards a safer road.
文摘<span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Flood is a natural process generated by the interaction of various driving fac</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tors. Flood peak flows, flood frequency at different return periods, and potential driving forces are analyzed in this study. The peak flow of six gauging stations, with a catchment area ranging from 169 -</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">124,108 km</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and sufficient observed streamflow data, was selected to develop threshold (3</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">rd</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> quartile) magnitude and frequency (POTF) that occurred over ten years of records. Sixteen Potential climatic, watershed and human driving factors of floods in the study area were identified and analyzed with GIS, Pearson’s correlation, and Principal Correlation Analysis (PCA) to select the most influential factors. Eight of them (MAR, DA, BE, VS, sand, forest AGR, PD) are identified as the most significant variables in the flood formation of the basin. Moreover, mean annual rainfall (MAR), drainage area (DA), and lack of forest cover are explored as the principal driving factors for flood peak discharge in Wabi-Shebele River Basin. Fi</span></span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nally, the study resulted in regression equations that helped plan and design different infrastructure works in the basin as ungauged catchment empirical</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> equations to compute Q</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">MPF</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, Q</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">5</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, Q</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">10</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, Q</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">50</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, and Q</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">100</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> using influential climate, watershed, and human driving factors. The results of these empirical equations are </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">also statistically accepted with a high significance correlation (R</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> > 0.9).
文摘Introduction: In 21st century, road traffic accidents (RTA) are considered as increasing epidemic of non-communicable disease which is abandoned and needs special attention to prevent them. The aim of this study was to assess the factors and pattern of injuries associated with road traffic accidents. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 112 RTA victims and 56 drivers in Palpa District of Nepal. The association of factors and pattern of injuries with exposure to accidents was assessed using Fisher’s exact test. Bivariate logistic regression examined the association between driving and socio-demographics factors and exposure to road accidents. Results: Of 112 RTA victims, 50% were in the age group of 21 to 40 years and 71.4% were male. Drivers who were in the age less than or equal to 30 years were more likely (OR: 3.6;95% CI: 1.0, 14.3) to expose to an accident than those who were above 30 years. Similarly, those having driving speed less than 40 km/hr were less likely to expose to an accident than those with speed 40 - 60 km/hr (OR: 6.0;95% CI: 0.8, 73.5) and those with speed more than 60 km/hr (OR 7.8;95% CI: 1.0, 100.1). Moreover, the driving experience was also found positively associated (OR: 5.6;95% CI: 1.1, 35.5) with the exposure to an accident. Conclusion: Being in younger age group, male gender, morning time, the driving speed, driving experiences, and driving hours on the road were positively associated with RTA. The efforts should be made to enforce laws in control of speed targeting experienced drivers and those with younger age groups.
文摘随着经济发展与城镇化快速推进,城乡居民饮食消费结构发生显著转变,并产生了一定的资源环境影响.为缓解食物消费带来的水资源配置压力,助力“双碳”目标的实现,本研究量化了2000—2022年中国31个省级行政区城乡居民食物消费的碳足迹与水足迹,并运用Kaya恒等式与LMDI(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index)模型分解其驱动因素.结果表明:研究期内城乡食物消费情况日益趋同,城乡居民的人均食物消费量均向400 kg水平靠拢,但二者仍存在结构上的差异.城镇居民人均食物消费碳足迹(水足迹)增加了32.80%(35.27%),农村居民人均碳足迹(水足迹)增加了11.66%(17.58%),二者的空间分布格局均向“四周高中间低”演变.驱动因素作用各异,地方经济水平、食物价量比与食物消费水平是城乡居民食物消费碳足迹与水足迹的共同驱动因子,分别起到促进、抑制以及整体上抑制作用,而消费潜力和城镇化水平的驱动作用则呈现出二元性(城镇:促进作用;农村:抑制作用).该研究旨在发掘城乡居民食物消费碳足迹与水足迹的变化特征及其共同驱动因子,为构建可持续食物系统提供科学依据.
