The calculation of the hardness profile is a powerful tool for the selection of the right steel for a given purpose. Computer programs INC-PHATRAN and INDUCTER-B were formerly developed by the authors for the calculat...The calculation of the hardness profile is a powerful tool for the selection of the right steel for a given purpose. Computer programs INC-PHATRAN and INDUCTER-B were formerly developed by the authors for the calculation of hardness profiles after heat treatment processes of low alloy and carbon steels. The first one simulates quenching as well as through hardening operations, and the second one models electromagnetic induction heat treatments processes. These codes make use of the SAE Standard 3406 in order to obtain the hardness profile, with enhanced regression coefficients recently obtained by the authors. The present work broadens the field of application of this method, allowing to apply it for low hardenability tool steels such as the ASTM O1 Tool Steel. The method used for the calculation of the hardness profile is here summarized, and an example of application is described, which shows good correspondence between the calculated and measured values.展开更多
The seismicity along the Himalayan arc varies significantly with some well defined patterns of segmentations.We show that the earthquakes along the Himalayan Seismic Belt(HSB)are influenced by the structural heterogen...The seismicity along the Himalayan arc varies significantly with some well defined patterns of segmentations.We show that the earthquakes along the Himalayan Seismic Belt(HSB)are influenced by the structural heterogeneities existing in the underthrusting Indian plate as well as by the presence of various north-south trending active rifts in the overriding wedge of the Himalaya.Model calculations of stress distribution show that stress change due to strain accumulation is more on moderately steeper fault,simulating the midcrustal ramp under the southern Higher Himalaya,than on the sub-horizontal thrust.Thus it is surmised that the presence of the ramp which connects the shallow section of seismically active detachment to the aseismically slipping deeper section of the detachment,causes high seismicity in the HSB region.It implies that the seismicity variation along the HSB may also be linked to the presence or absence of the ramp.Further,subsurface ridges on the down-going Indian plate probably control the rupture extent of the great Himalayan earthquakes.Over these ridges the seismicity of the HSB is generally low and it may imply that ramp may be absent in those regions.Finally,we show that the approximately north-south extending active rifts of the Tibetan and Higher Himalaya,cause stress shadow near their southern extent in the HSB which inhibit the occurrence of small and moderate magnitude thrust earthquakes.展开更多
Detailed analysis is made of anisotropy of slope scattered radiation(SSR)in terms of the data obtained by a pyranometer mounted on a theodolite,indicating the change of SSR as a function of orientation and slope. And ...Detailed analysis is made of anisotropy of slope scattered radiation(SSR)in terms of the data obtained by a pyranometer mounted on a theodolite,indicating the change of SSR as a function of orientation and slope. And also reviewed are the models for SSR calculation developed by earlier researchers through the tests with the data.On this basis a new model for SSR flux density is proposed which is of higher applicability and has advantage over the analogues abroad both in physical implication and accuracy of the calculations.展开更多
文摘The calculation of the hardness profile is a powerful tool for the selection of the right steel for a given purpose. Computer programs INC-PHATRAN and INDUCTER-B were formerly developed by the authors for the calculation of hardness profiles after heat treatment processes of low alloy and carbon steels. The first one simulates quenching as well as through hardening operations, and the second one models electromagnetic induction heat treatments processes. These codes make use of the SAE Standard 3406 in order to obtain the hardness profile, with enhanced regression coefficients recently obtained by the authors. The present work broadens the field of application of this method, allowing to apply it for low hardenability tool steels such as the ASTM O1 Tool Steel. The method used for the calculation of the hardness profile is here summarized, and an example of application is described, which shows good correspondence between the calculated and measured values.
文摘The seismicity along the Himalayan arc varies significantly with some well defined patterns of segmentations.We show that the earthquakes along the Himalayan Seismic Belt(HSB)are influenced by the structural heterogeneities existing in the underthrusting Indian plate as well as by the presence of various north-south trending active rifts in the overriding wedge of the Himalaya.Model calculations of stress distribution show that stress change due to strain accumulation is more on moderately steeper fault,simulating the midcrustal ramp under the southern Higher Himalaya,than on the sub-horizontal thrust.Thus it is surmised that the presence of the ramp which connects the shallow section of seismically active detachment to the aseismically slipping deeper section of the detachment,causes high seismicity in the HSB region.It implies that the seismicity variation along the HSB may also be linked to the presence or absence of the ramp.Further,subsurface ridges on the down-going Indian plate probably control the rupture extent of the great Himalayan earthquakes.Over these ridges the seismicity of the HSB is generally low and it may imply that ramp may be absent in those regions.Finally,we show that the approximately north-south extending active rifts of the Tibetan and Higher Himalaya,cause stress shadow near their southern extent in the HSB which inhibit the occurrence of small and moderate magnitude thrust earthquakes.
文摘Detailed analysis is made of anisotropy of slope scattered radiation(SSR)in terms of the data obtained by a pyranometer mounted on a theodolite,indicating the change of SSR as a function of orientation and slope. And also reviewed are the models for SSR calculation developed by earlier researchers through the tests with the data.On this basis a new model for SSR flux density is proposed which is of higher applicability and has advantage over the analogues abroad both in physical implication and accuracy of the calculations.
