In reliability analyses,the absence of a priori information on the most probable point of failure(MPP)may result in overlooking critical points,thereby leading to biased assessment outcomes.Moreover,second-order relia...In reliability analyses,the absence of a priori information on the most probable point of failure(MPP)may result in overlooking critical points,thereby leading to biased assessment outcomes.Moreover,second-order reliability methods exhibit limited accuracy in highly nonlinear scenarios.To overcome these challenges,a novel reliability analysis strategy based on a multimodal differential evolution algorithm and a hypersphere integration method is proposed.Initially,the penalty function method is employed to reformulate the MPP search problem as a conditionally constrained optimization task.Subsequently,a differential evolution algorithm incorporating a population delineation strategy is utilized to identify all MPPs.Finally,a paraboloid equation is constructed based on the curvature of the limit-state function at the MPPs,and the failure probability of the structure is calculated by using the hypersphere integration method.The localization effectiveness of the MPPs is compared through multiple numerical cases and two engineering examples,with accuracy comparisons of failure probabilities against the first-order reliability method(FORM)and the secondorder reliability method(SORM).The results indicate that the method effectively identifies existing MPPs and achieves higher solution precision.展开更多
Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macro...Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.展开更多
This study aims to establish an integrated sensitivity analysis framework for optimization and design of the dynamic performance of mechanical systems such as tracked vehicles,by combining the direct differentiation m...This study aims to establish an integrated sensitivity analysis framework for optimization and design of the dynamic performance of mechanical systems such as tracked vehicles,by combining the direct differentiation method(DDM)with the linear multibody system transfer matrix method(linear MSTMM).The rigid-flexible coupled multibody system dynamics model of a tracked vehicle is established using the linear MSTMM and validated through the modal test.Building upon the existing DDM-based eigenvalue sensitivity analysis method within the linear MSTMM,the DDM is embedded into it to enable programmable and efficient computation of dynamic response sensitivities for mechanical systems.The proposed approach is used to quantitatively evaluate the sensitivities of both natural vibration characteristics(e.g.,natural frequencies and mode shapes)and transient dynamic responses of the tracked vehicle with respect to system parameters,successfully identifying critical structural parameters.Compared to conventional finite difference methods,the developed methodology eliminates sensitivity to perturbation step sizes.The contributions of this work lie in establishing a unified theoretical foundation and analysis framework for guiding dynamics optimization and design of mechanical systems,and extending the applicability of the linear MSTMM to sensitivity analysis of transient dynamic responses.展开更多
Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'...Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine]were successfully synthesized by the volatilization of the solution at room temperature.The crystal structures of six complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technology.The results showed that the complexes all have a binuclear structure,and the structures contain free ethanol molecules.Moreover,the coordination number of the central metal of each structural unit is eight.Adjacent structural units interact with each other through hydrogen bonds and further expand to form 1D chain-like and 2D planar structures.After conducting a systematic study on the luminescence properties of complexes 1-4,their emission and excitation spectra were obtained.Experimental results indicated that the fluorescence lifetimes of complexes 2 and 3 were 0.807 and 0.845 ms,respectively.The emission spectral data of complexes 1-4 were imported into the CIE chromaticity coordinate system,and their corre sponding luminescent regions cover the yellow light,red light,green light,and orange-red light bands,respectively.Within the temperature range of 299.15-1300 K,the thermal decomposition processes of the six complexes were comprehensively analyzed by using TG-DSC/FTIR/MS technology.The hypothesis of the gradual loss of ligand groups during the decomposition process was verified by detecting the escaped gas,3D infrared spectroscopy,and ion fragment information detected by mass spectrometry.The specific decomposition path is as follows:firstly,free ethanol molecules and neutral ligands are removed,and finally,acidic ligands are released;the final product is the corresponding metal oxide.CCDC:2430420,1;2430422,2;2430419,3;2430424,4;2430421,5;2430423,6.展开更多
The capture zones of the continuous and pulsed guidance laws in the pursuit-evasion game are analytically discussed in this paper to provide deep insights into the capturability distinction between the continuous guid...The capture zones of the continuous and pulsed guidance laws in the pursuit-evasion game are analytically discussed in this paper to provide deep insights into the capturability distinction between the continuous guidance law and the pulsed guidance law.Specifically,first,in the pursuit-evasion game,various capture cases are defined regarding the Zero-Effort Miss distance(ZEM)to facilitate the capturability analysis.Then,for both the evader and the pursuer,the Linear-Quadratic Differential Game(LQDG)guidance laws concerning the continuous acceleration and the pulsed acceleration are converted into a unified form.In each capture case,the optimal solution existence conditions are derived,and the corresponding capture zones are formulated.The discussion on the capture zones shows that if the optimal solution exists,the distinction between the pulsed guidance law and the continuous guidance law can be neglected under small guidance effort weight.However,the capture zone of the continuous guidance law is larger than that of the pulsed guidance law with large pursuer guidance effort weight,but smaller with large evader guidance effort weight.Finally,various simulations are conducted to illustrate the distinction of the continuous and pulsed guidance laws,as well as the impact of the acceleration ratio and the time constant ratio on the capturability.展开更多
The Savitzky-Golay(SG)filter,which employs polynomial least-squares approximations to smooth data and estimate derivatives,is widely used for processing noisy data.However,noise suppression by the SG filter is recogni...The Savitzky-Golay(SG)filter,which employs polynomial least-squares approximations to smooth data and estimate derivatives,is widely used for processing noisy data.However,noise suppression by the SG filter is recognized to be limited at data boundaries and high frequencies,which can significantly reduce the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).To solve this problem,a novel method synergistically integrating Principal Component Analysis(PCA)with SG filtering is proposed in this paper.This approach avoids the is-sue of excessive smoothing associated with larger window sizes.The proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm was applied to a CO gas sensing system based on Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy(CRDS).The perform-ance of the PCA-SG filtering algorithm is demonstrated through comparison with Moving Average Filtering(MAF),Wavelet Transformation(WT),Kalman Filtering(KF),and the SG filter.The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits superior noise reduction capabilities compared to the other algorithms evaluated.The SNR of the ring-down signal was improved from 11.8612 dB to 29.0913 dB,and the stand-ard deviation of the extracted ring-down time constant was reduced from 0.037μs to 0.018μs.These results confirm that the proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm effectively improves the smoothness of the ring-down curve data,demonstrating its feasibility.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the global,regional,and national burden and determinants of Acute Respiratory Infections(ARIs)among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021.Methods:We analysed ARI mortality and disability-adj...Objective:To evaluate the global,regional,and national burden and determinants of Acute Respiratory Infections(ARIs)among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021.Methods:We analysed ARI mortality and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),stratified by age,sex,and economic development level based on data retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.Decomposition and frontier analyses were employed to identify key drivers of burden variation and visualize potential reductions based on development levels.Results:Between 1990 and 2021,the global burden of ARIs showed a significant decline in both achievable age-standardized DALYs rate and age-standardized mortality rates(EAPC=-3.87 and-3.81,respectively).Different age groups and sex witnessed different levels of ARI burden,males experienced heavier burden than females and the 0-4 years-old group experienced heavier burden than other study age groups.Most of the 204 countries and territories experienced a downward trend of ARI burden,with slight increases observed only in Lesotho and Dominica.A negative correlation was found between the Socio-demographic Index and ARI burden.Decomposition analysis indicated that the significant decreases in deaths and DALYs were primarily driven by epidemiological changes.Conclusions:The global burden of ARIs among children and adolescents has declined over the past three decades,but substantial regional disparities persist.Targeted public health strategies are needed to address the continued ARI burden in high-risk regions and vulnerable age groups.展开更多
The detection and characterization of non-metallic inclusions are essential for clean steel production.Recently,imaging analysis combined with high-dimensional data processing of metallic materials using artificial in...The detection and characterization of non-metallic inclusions are essential for clean steel production.Recently,imaging analysis combined with high-dimensional data processing of metallic materials using artificial intelligence(AI)-based machine learning(ML)has developed rapidly.This technique has achieved impressive results in the field of inclusion classification in process metallurgy.The present study surveys the ML modeling of inclusion prediction in advanced steels,including the detection,classification,and feature prediction of inclusions in different steel grades.Studies on clean steel with different features based on data and image analysis via ML are summarized.Regarding the data analysis,the inclusion prediction methodology based on ML establishes a connection between the experimental parameters and inclusion characteristics and analyzes the importance of the experimental parameters.Regarding the image analysis,the focus is placed on the classification of different types of inclusions via deep learning,in comparison with data analysis.Finally,further development of inclusion analyses using ML-based methods is recommended.This work paves the way for the application of AIbased methodologies for ultraclean-steel studies from a sustainable metallurgy perspective.展开更多
Red-fleshed fruits are valued for their vibrant color and high anthocyanin content.Pre-harvest fruit bagging enhances fruit peel pigmentation,but its effect on flesh coloration remains poorly characterized.This study ...Red-fleshed fruits are valued for their vibrant color and high anthocyanin content.Pre-harvest fruit bagging enhances fruit peel pigmentation,but its effect on flesh coloration remains poorly characterized.This study revealed that removing bags from‘Gengcunyangtao’red-fleshed peach fruits triggers the rapid and uniform accumulation of anthocyanins in the flesh,resulting in anthocyanin levels that exceed those in unbagged fruits.The exposure to light after bag removal triggered significant increases in anthocyanin levels within 24 h.This was accompanied by the rapid upregulation of light-responsive and flavonoid biosynthetic gene expression levels within 6 h.A metabolomic analysis indicated that anthocyanin precursors,especially p-coumaric acid,accumulated before bag removal,thereby increasing substrate availability for rapid anthocyanin synthesis.On the basis of a weighted gene co-expression network analysis,MYB transcription factors,anthocyanin transporters,glutathione S-transferase,and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion(MATE)were identified as key regulators that coordinate precursor storage along with light-induced transcriptional activation.Notably,PpMYB4 binds to the promoter of PpGSTF14 and activates its expression,thereby promoting anthocyanin accumulation.The study findings elucidated the temporal coordination of metabolic priming and light-responsive transcriptional regulation driving rapid anthocyanin biosynthesis,with possible implications for improving peach fruit flesh coloration.展开更多
Dianthus spiculifolius Schur,as an emerging ornamental plant,has extensive applications and economic values.In this study,the DsCBL4 gene was successfully cloned,and its tissue-specific expression,expression patterns ...Dianthus spiculifolius Schur,as an emerging ornamental plant,has extensive applications and economic values.In this study,the DsCBL4 gene was successfully cloned,and its tissue-specific expression,expression patterns under various abiotic stresses,subcellular localization,and bioinformatics analysis of the encoded amino acid sequence were conducted.The results showed that the coding region of the DsCBL4 gene was 675 bp long,encoding 224 amino acids.It had high homology with the amino acids encoded by Amaranthus tricolor,Chenopodium quinoa and Spinacia oleracea.The predicted relative molecular mass of DsCBL4 was 25.61 ku,with an isoelectric point of 4.58,and it had phosphorylation sites,belonging to an unstable hydrophilic protein.Its secondary structure includedα-helices,irregular coils and extended chains.The tertiary structure prediction revealed that DsCBL4 had four EFhand calcium-binding domains necessary for Ca2+binding in plant calmodulin-like proteins and the FPSF motif for calcineurin B-like protein(CBL)-interacting protein kinase(CIPK)activation.The expression level of the DsCBL4 gene showed tissue specificity,with the highest expression in roots.It was induced by drought,low temperature,combined drought and low temperature,salt stress,nitrogen stress,phosphorus stress,calcium ion stress,high temperature stress,and abscisic acid(ABA)stress.Both transient infection in Nicotiana tabacum L.and stable expression in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana showed that the DsCBL4 protein was localized to the cell membrane.These results suggested that DsCBL4 might be involved in the abiotic stress response of Dianthus spiculifolius through the calcium signaling pathway,providing a theoretical basis for understanding its molecular mechanism.This study provided an important reference for further exploring the role of the DsCBLs gene family in plant stress resistance.展开更多
Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations...Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.展开更多
Information collaboration is crucial for optimizing resource allocation and improving diagnostic efficiency across hospital tiers through enhanced information technology capacity.To characterize the dynamic decision-m...Information collaboration is crucial for optimizing resource allocation and improving diagnostic efficiency across hospital tiers through enhanced information technology capacity.To characterize the dynamic decision-making mechanism between general hospitals(GHs)and primary healthcare centers(PHCs),a two-player differential game model was constructed to analyze the relationship between optimal investment levels and corresponding payoffs and explore how GHs can incentivize collaboration by adjusting their investment intensity and sharing PHCs’costs.The results indicate that information collaboration is a win-win strategy.Its dynamic equilibrium shows that GHs make intensive efforts in the early stage of digital construction.However,such investment decreases over time as patient information accessibility becomes limited.Under the collaboration mode,although GHs’digital investment is lower than that in the independent operation,the total system payoff significantly increases.This improvement arises because PHCs,with their locational and informational advantages,undertake major digitalization tasks,allowing GHs to focus resources on disease treatment.The introduction of collaboration incentives strengthens this performance improvement.展开更多
[Objective]This study aims to investigate the multi-body hydrodynamic interaction mechanisms during offshore lifting operations of aquaculture net cages in wind-fishery integration systems.By integrating numerical sim...[Objective]This study aims to investigate the multi-body hydrodynamic interaction mechanisms during offshore lifting operations of aquaculture net cages in wind-fishery integration systems.By integrating numerical simulations and dynamic analysis methods,this study systematically investigates the coupled dynamic response characteristics during the cage-carrier vessel separation process to reveal its dynamic evolution patterns and key influence mechanisms.[Method]Based on potential flow theory,a fully coupled dynamic analysis model of crane vessel-net cage-semi-submersible barge was established for a marine ranch project in Guangdong.The complete lifting process was dynamically simulated using SESAM software.Five typical operating sea states were configured to investigate the influence of wave parameters on the system's motion response under combined wave-current-wind actions.[Result]The results demonstrate that wave period dominates the system stability.Under short-period conditions,the system maintains stable motion with relatively small horizontal relative displacements,while long-period conditions excite low-frequency resonance,leading to significant slow-drift motions.Vertical response analysis reveals that long-period waves cause severe relative displacement fluctuations between the cage and semi-submersible vessel,with actual displacement amplitudes doubling the preset safety target of 2.045 m.Quantitative analysis further indicates that when significant wave height increases from 1.0 m to 1.5 m,the actual displacement amplitude increases by approximately 20%relative to the target displacement of 2.045 m,demonstrating that its influence is significantly weaker than the displacement variations induced by wave period changes.The complete dynamic simulation successfully captures the continuous dynamic response characteristics during the lifting process.[Conclusion]This research clarifies the influence mechanisms of wave parameters on the cage lifting process,identifying wave period as the crucial factor for operational safety.An operation window assessment method incorporating multi-body coupling effects is established,proposing a safety criterion with peak period not exceeding six seconds as the core requirement.The findings provide theoretical foundation for safe installation of marine ranch net cages and offer valuable references for similar offshore lifting operations.展开更多
Rui Chena,b,Tangbing Cui a,b,∗a School of Biology and Biological Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China b Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering,South China Un...Rui Chena,b,Tangbing Cui a,b,∗a School of Biology and Biological Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China b Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China The authors regret that the published version of this article contained several errors and omissions,which are described and corrected below.1.Figs.3 and 4(figure order and legends).In the published article,Figs.3 and 4 were inadvertently published in reversed order.The figures should be swapped so that the figure content matches its caption.The correct figures and their legends are provided on the following page.2.Title correction.The compound name in the published title was incorrectly typeset as“benzo[a]pyrene”The correct spelling is“benzo[a]pyrene.”3.Text corrections in Section 2.4.Several typographical errors occurred in Section 2.4(“Up-regulation of acetoin,lactate,and kanosamine biosynthesis under sodium gluconate treatment”).展开更多
With the increasing complexity of malware attack techniques,traditional detection methods face significant challenges,such as privacy preservation,data heterogeneity,and lacking category information.To address these i...With the increasing complexity of malware attack techniques,traditional detection methods face significant challenges,such as privacy preservation,data heterogeneity,and lacking category information.To address these issues,we propose Federated Dynamic Prototype Learning(FedDPL)for malware classification by integrating Federated Learning with a specifically designed K-means.Under the Federated Learning framework,model training occurs locally without data sharing,effectively protecting user data privacy and preventing the leakage of sensitive information.Furthermore,to tackle the challenges of data heterogeneity and the lack of category information,FedDPL introduces a dynamic prototype learning mechanism,which adaptively adjusts the clustering prototypes in terms of position and number.Thus,the dependency on predefined category numbers in typical K-means and its variants can be significantly reduced,resulting in improved clustering performance.Theoretically,it provides a more accurate detection of malicious behavior.Experimental results confirm that FedDPL excels in handling malware classification tasks,demonstrating superior accuracy,robustness,and privacy protection.展开更多
Correction to:Nuclear Science and Techniques(2025)36:111 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-025-01681-9.In the sentence beginning‘The weights of the parameters used for the…’in this article,the text‘RCSs’should have ...Correction to:Nuclear Science and Techniques(2025)36:111 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-025-01681-9.In the sentence beginning‘The weights of the parameters used for the…’in this article,the text‘RCSs’should have read‘SCRs’.In Table 7 of this article,the column header ρ_fuel was incorrect and should have read CPv_fuel.For completeness and transparency,the old incorrect version and the corrected version of Table 7 are displayed below.展开更多
Moving beyond the conventional“level diagnosis-case analysis”framework,this study,grounded in the SOLO Taxonomy,constructs a four-dimensional instructional model of“stratified objectives,tasks,guidance,and assessme...Moving beyond the conventional“level diagnosis-case analysis”framework,this study,grounded in the SOLO Taxonomy,constructs a four-dimensional instructional model of“stratified objectives,tasks,guidance,and assessment.”Focusing on geometric proofs in middle school,the model is practically applied through case studies of the properties of parallelograms and triangle congruence.By transforming the SOLO levels into actionable instructional steps,the model addresses key student challenges-such as fragmented thinking processes,disorganized logical expression,and weak knowledge transfer-thereby facilitating cognitive progression among students at different levels.The implementation demonstrates that this model significantly enhances the precision and effectiveness of teaching geometric proofs.Its core strengths lie in using visualized diagnostic tools for precise instructional positioning and constructing scaffolded task sequences to build clear pathways for cognitive development.展开更多
The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.A...The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.展开更多
In the modern era of ubiquitous and highly interconnected information technology,cybersecurity threats stemming from software code vulnerabilities have become increasingly severe,posing significant risks to the confid...In the modern era of ubiquitous and highly interconnected information technology,cybersecurity threats stemming from software code vulnerabilities have become increasingly severe,posing significant risks to the confidentiality,integrity,and availability of modern information systems.To enhance software code quality,enterprises often integrate static code analysis tools into Continuous Integration(CI) pipelines.However,the high rates of false positives and false negatives remain a challenge.The advent of large language models(LLMs),such as ChatGPT,presents a new opportunity to address these challenges.In this paper,we propose AI-SCDF,a framework that utilizes the custombuilt Nebula-Coder AI model for detecting and fixing code security issues in real time during the developer ' s personal build process.We construct a static code checking rule knowledge base through summarizing and classifying Common Weakness Enumeration(CWE) code security problems identified by security and quality assurance teams.The rule knowledge base is combined with CodeFuse-processed code contexts to serve as input for an AI code security detection microservice,which assists in identifying code quality and security issues.If any abnormalities are detected,they are addressed by an AI code security patching microservice,which alerts the developer and requests confirmation before committing the code into the repository.Experimental results show that our approach effectively improves code quality.We also develop a VS Code plugin for code alert detection and fix based on LLMs,which facilitates test shift-left and lowers the risk of software development.展开更多
This study examined the potential response mechanisms of Ligilactobacillus salivarius AR612 to glucose stress through whole-genome and comparative transcriptome analysis.We obtained the basic genome information of L.s...This study examined the potential response mechanisms of Ligilactobacillus salivarius AR612 to glucose stress through whole-genome and comparative transcriptome analysis.We obtained the basic genome information of L.salivarius AR612.The full genome length of L.salivarius AR612 was 1970245 bp,with a GC content of 33.01%and 1894 coding genes.Moreover,we identified many genes associated with genetic adaptations to various stress factors,including temperature,p H,osmotic pressure,bile salts,and oxidative stress.Physiological analysis revealed that the growth and morphology of AR612 changed significantly under glucose stress,with a decrease in the maximum growth and irregular cell morphology.Furthermore,a comparison of transcriptome data indicated that glucose stress induced changes in the number of differential genes.Moreover,AR612 could respond to extracellular glucose stress by changing the expression of genes related to cell morphology,carbohydrate metabolism,amino acid metabolism,fatty acid synthesis,and nucleotide metabolism.This study provides valuable theoretical insights for future research on the adaptation of L.salivarius AR612 to nutritional stress and its application in industrial processes.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52375236)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.23D110316)。
文摘In reliability analyses,the absence of a priori information on the most probable point of failure(MPP)may result in overlooking critical points,thereby leading to biased assessment outcomes.Moreover,second-order reliability methods exhibit limited accuracy in highly nonlinear scenarios.To overcome these challenges,a novel reliability analysis strategy based on a multimodal differential evolution algorithm and a hypersphere integration method is proposed.Initially,the penalty function method is employed to reformulate the MPP search problem as a conditionally constrained optimization task.Subsequently,a differential evolution algorithm incorporating a population delineation strategy is utilized to identify all MPPs.Finally,a paraboloid equation is constructed based on the curvature of the limit-state function at the MPPs,and the failure probability of the structure is calculated by using the hypersphere integration method.The localization effectiveness of the MPPs is compared through multiple numerical cases and two engineering examples,with accuracy comparisons of failure probabilities against the first-order reliability method(FORM)and the secondorder reliability method(SORM).The results indicate that the method effectively identifies existing MPPs and achieves higher solution precision.
基金supported by Qingdao Key Medical and Health Discipline ProjectThe Intramural Research Program of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,No. 4910Qingdao West Coast New Area Science and Technology Project,No. 2020-55 (all to SW)。
文摘Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20241443)the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(Grant No.2024ZB072)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.92266201).
文摘This study aims to establish an integrated sensitivity analysis framework for optimization and design of the dynamic performance of mechanical systems such as tracked vehicles,by combining the direct differentiation method(DDM)with the linear multibody system transfer matrix method(linear MSTMM).The rigid-flexible coupled multibody system dynamics model of a tracked vehicle is established using the linear MSTMM and validated through the modal test.Building upon the existing DDM-based eigenvalue sensitivity analysis method within the linear MSTMM,the DDM is embedded into it to enable programmable and efficient computation of dynamic response sensitivities for mechanical systems.The proposed approach is used to quantitatively evaluate the sensitivities of both natural vibration characteristics(e.g.,natural frequencies and mode shapes)and transient dynamic responses of the tracked vehicle with respect to system parameters,successfully identifying critical structural parameters.Compared to conventional finite difference methods,the developed methodology eliminates sensitivity to perturbation step sizes.The contributions of this work lie in establishing a unified theoretical foundation and analysis framework for guiding dynamics optimization and design of mechanical systems,and extending the applicability of the linear MSTMM to sensitivity analysis of transient dynamic responses.
文摘Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine]were successfully synthesized by the volatilization of the solution at room temperature.The crystal structures of six complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technology.The results showed that the complexes all have a binuclear structure,and the structures contain free ethanol molecules.Moreover,the coordination number of the central metal of each structural unit is eight.Adjacent structural units interact with each other through hydrogen bonds and further expand to form 1D chain-like and 2D planar structures.After conducting a systematic study on the luminescence properties of complexes 1-4,their emission and excitation spectra were obtained.Experimental results indicated that the fluorescence lifetimes of complexes 2 and 3 were 0.807 and 0.845 ms,respectively.The emission spectral data of complexes 1-4 were imported into the CIE chromaticity coordinate system,and their corre sponding luminescent regions cover the yellow light,red light,green light,and orange-red light bands,respectively.Within the temperature range of 299.15-1300 K,the thermal decomposition processes of the six complexes were comprehensively analyzed by using TG-DSC/FTIR/MS technology.The hypothesis of the gradual loss of ligand groups during the decomposition process was verified by detecting the escaped gas,3D infrared spectroscopy,and ion fragment information detected by mass spectrometry.The specific decomposition path is as follows:firstly,free ethanol molecules and neutral ligands are removed,and finally,acidic ligands are released;the final product is the corresponding metal oxide.CCDC:2430420,1;2430422,2;2430419,3;2430424,4;2430421,5;2430423,6.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U24B20157,62203031)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality,China(No.4242041)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(No.LY24F030002)the Aeronautical ScienceFoundation of China(No.2024Z066051001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China。
文摘The capture zones of the continuous and pulsed guidance laws in the pursuit-evasion game are analytically discussed in this paper to provide deep insights into the capturability distinction between the continuous guidance law and the pulsed guidance law.Specifically,first,in the pursuit-evasion game,various capture cases are defined regarding the Zero-Effort Miss distance(ZEM)to facilitate the capturability analysis.Then,for both the evader and the pursuer,the Linear-Quadratic Differential Game(LQDG)guidance laws concerning the continuous acceleration and the pulsed acceleration are converted into a unified form.In each capture case,the optimal solution existence conditions are derived,and the corresponding capture zones are formulated.The discussion on the capture zones shows that if the optimal solution exists,the distinction between the pulsed guidance law and the continuous guidance law can be neglected under small guidance effort weight.However,the capture zone of the continuous guidance law is larger than that of the pulsed guidance law with large pursuer guidance effort weight,but smaller with large evader guidance effort weight.Finally,various simulations are conducted to illustrate the distinction of the continuous and pulsed guidance laws,as well as the impact of the acceleration ratio and the time constant ratio on the capturability.
文摘The Savitzky-Golay(SG)filter,which employs polynomial least-squares approximations to smooth data and estimate derivatives,is widely used for processing noisy data.However,noise suppression by the SG filter is recognized to be limited at data boundaries and high frequencies,which can significantly reduce the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).To solve this problem,a novel method synergistically integrating Principal Component Analysis(PCA)with SG filtering is proposed in this paper.This approach avoids the is-sue of excessive smoothing associated with larger window sizes.The proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm was applied to a CO gas sensing system based on Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy(CRDS).The perform-ance of the PCA-SG filtering algorithm is demonstrated through comparison with Moving Average Filtering(MAF),Wavelet Transformation(WT),Kalman Filtering(KF),and the SG filter.The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits superior noise reduction capabilities compared to the other algorithms evaluated.The SNR of the ring-down signal was improved from 11.8612 dB to 29.0913 dB,and the stand-ard deviation of the extracted ring-down time constant was reduced from 0.037μs to 0.018μs.These results confirm that the proposed PCA-SG filtering algorithm effectively improves the smoothness of the ring-down curve data,demonstrating its feasibility.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the global,regional,and national burden and determinants of Acute Respiratory Infections(ARIs)among children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021.Methods:We analysed ARI mortality and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),stratified by age,sex,and economic development level based on data retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.Decomposition and frontier analyses were employed to identify key drivers of burden variation and visualize potential reductions based on development levels.Results:Between 1990 and 2021,the global burden of ARIs showed a significant decline in both achievable age-standardized DALYs rate and age-standardized mortality rates(EAPC=-3.87 and-3.81,respectively).Different age groups and sex witnessed different levels of ARI burden,males experienced heavier burden than females and the 0-4 years-old group experienced heavier burden than other study age groups.Most of the 204 countries and territories experienced a downward trend of ARI burden,with slight increases observed only in Lesotho and Dominica.A negative correlation was found between the Socio-demographic Index and ARI burden.Decomposition analysis indicated that the significant decreases in deaths and DALYs were primarily driven by epidemiological changes.Conclusions:The global burden of ARIs among children and adolescents has declined over the past three decades,but substantial regional disparities persist.Targeted public health strategies are needed to address the continued ARI burden in high-risk regions and vulnerable age groups.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFB3713705)is acknowledgedWangzhong Mu would like to acknowledge the Strategic Mobility,Sweden(SSF,No.SM22-0039)+1 种基金the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education(STINT,No.IB2022-9228)the Jernkontoret(Sweden)for supporting this clean steel research.Gonghao Lian would like to acknowledge China Scholarship Council(CSC,No.202306080032).
文摘The detection and characterization of non-metallic inclusions are essential for clean steel production.Recently,imaging analysis combined with high-dimensional data processing of metallic materials using artificial intelligence(AI)-based machine learning(ML)has developed rapidly.This technique has achieved impressive results in the field of inclusion classification in process metallurgy.The present study surveys the ML modeling of inclusion prediction in advanced steels,including the detection,classification,and feature prediction of inclusions in different steel grades.Studies on clean steel with different features based on data and image analysis via ML are summarized.Regarding the data analysis,the inclusion prediction methodology based on ML establishes a connection between the experimental parameters and inclusion characteristics and analyzes the importance of the experimental parameters.Regarding the image analysis,the focus is placed on the classification of different types of inclusions via deep learning,in comparison with data analysis.Finally,further development of inclusion analyses using ML-based methods is recommended.This work paves the way for the application of AIbased methodologies for ultraclean-steel studies from a sustainable metallurgy perspective.
基金supported by the Key Scientific and Technological Grant of Zhejiang for Breeding New Agricultural Varieties(Grant No.2021C12066-4)Huzhou Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Team Project(Grant No.2022HN01).
文摘Red-fleshed fruits are valued for their vibrant color and high anthocyanin content.Pre-harvest fruit bagging enhances fruit peel pigmentation,but its effect on flesh coloration remains poorly characterized.This study revealed that removing bags from‘Gengcunyangtao’red-fleshed peach fruits triggers the rapid and uniform accumulation of anthocyanins in the flesh,resulting in anthocyanin levels that exceed those in unbagged fruits.The exposure to light after bag removal triggered significant increases in anthocyanin levels within 24 h.This was accompanied by the rapid upregulation of light-responsive and flavonoid biosynthetic gene expression levels within 6 h.A metabolomic analysis indicated that anthocyanin precursors,especially p-coumaric acid,accumulated before bag removal,thereby increasing substrate availability for rapid anthocyanin synthesis.On the basis of a weighted gene co-expression network analysis,MYB transcription factors,anthocyanin transporters,glutathione S-transferase,and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion(MATE)were identified as key regulators that coordinate precursor storage along with light-induced transcriptional activation.Notably,PpMYB4 binds to the promoter of PpGSTF14 and activates its expression,thereby promoting anthocyanin accumulation.The study findings elucidated the temporal coordination of metabolic priming and light-responsive transcriptional regulation driving rapid anthocyanin biosynthesis,with possible implications for improving peach fruit flesh coloration.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program(2022YFF1300500)the Spring Goose Support Program(CYQN24018)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32572123)。
文摘Dianthus spiculifolius Schur,as an emerging ornamental plant,has extensive applications and economic values.In this study,the DsCBL4 gene was successfully cloned,and its tissue-specific expression,expression patterns under various abiotic stresses,subcellular localization,and bioinformatics analysis of the encoded amino acid sequence were conducted.The results showed that the coding region of the DsCBL4 gene was 675 bp long,encoding 224 amino acids.It had high homology with the amino acids encoded by Amaranthus tricolor,Chenopodium quinoa and Spinacia oleracea.The predicted relative molecular mass of DsCBL4 was 25.61 ku,with an isoelectric point of 4.58,and it had phosphorylation sites,belonging to an unstable hydrophilic protein.Its secondary structure includedα-helices,irregular coils and extended chains.The tertiary structure prediction revealed that DsCBL4 had four EFhand calcium-binding domains necessary for Ca2+binding in plant calmodulin-like proteins and the FPSF motif for calcineurin B-like protein(CBL)-interacting protein kinase(CIPK)activation.The expression level of the DsCBL4 gene showed tissue specificity,with the highest expression in roots.It was induced by drought,low temperature,combined drought and low temperature,salt stress,nitrogen stress,phosphorus stress,calcium ion stress,high temperature stress,and abscisic acid(ABA)stress.Both transient infection in Nicotiana tabacum L.and stable expression in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana showed that the DsCBL4 protein was localized to the cell membrane.These results suggested that DsCBL4 might be involved in the abiotic stress response of Dianthus spiculifolius through the calcium signaling pathway,providing a theoretical basis for understanding its molecular mechanism.This study provided an important reference for further exploring the role of the DsCBLs gene family in plant stress resistance.
基金supported by grants from the Tianjin Health Technology Project(Grant no.2022QN106).
文摘Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72071042).
文摘Information collaboration is crucial for optimizing resource allocation and improving diagnostic efficiency across hospital tiers through enhanced information technology capacity.To characterize the dynamic decision-making mechanism between general hospitals(GHs)and primary healthcare centers(PHCs),a two-player differential game model was constructed to analyze the relationship between optimal investment levels and corresponding payoffs and explore how GHs can incentivize collaboration by adjusting their investment intensity and sharing PHCs’costs.The results indicate that information collaboration is a win-win strategy.Its dynamic equilibrium shows that GHs make intensive efforts in the early stage of digital construction.However,such investment decreases over time as patient information accessibility becomes limited.Under the collaboration mode,although GHs’digital investment is lower than that in the independent operation,the total system payoff significantly increases.This improvement arises because PHCs,with their locational and informational advantages,undertake major digitalization tasks,allowing GHs to focus resources on disease treatment.The introduction of collaboration incentives strengthens this performance improvement.
文摘[Objective]This study aims to investigate the multi-body hydrodynamic interaction mechanisms during offshore lifting operations of aquaculture net cages in wind-fishery integration systems.By integrating numerical simulations and dynamic analysis methods,this study systematically investigates the coupled dynamic response characteristics during the cage-carrier vessel separation process to reveal its dynamic evolution patterns and key influence mechanisms.[Method]Based on potential flow theory,a fully coupled dynamic analysis model of crane vessel-net cage-semi-submersible barge was established for a marine ranch project in Guangdong.The complete lifting process was dynamically simulated using SESAM software.Five typical operating sea states were configured to investigate the influence of wave parameters on the system's motion response under combined wave-current-wind actions.[Result]The results demonstrate that wave period dominates the system stability.Under short-period conditions,the system maintains stable motion with relatively small horizontal relative displacements,while long-period conditions excite low-frequency resonance,leading to significant slow-drift motions.Vertical response analysis reveals that long-period waves cause severe relative displacement fluctuations between the cage and semi-submersible vessel,with actual displacement amplitudes doubling the preset safety target of 2.045 m.Quantitative analysis further indicates that when significant wave height increases from 1.0 m to 1.5 m,the actual displacement amplitude increases by approximately 20%relative to the target displacement of 2.045 m,demonstrating that its influence is significantly weaker than the displacement variations induced by wave period changes.The complete dynamic simulation successfully captures the continuous dynamic response characteristics during the lifting process.[Conclusion]This research clarifies the influence mechanisms of wave parameters on the cage lifting process,identifying wave period as the crucial factor for operational safety.An operation window assessment method incorporating multi-body coupling effects is established,proposing a safety criterion with peak period not exceeding six seconds as the core requirement.The findings provide theoretical foundation for safe installation of marine ranch net cages and offer valuable references for similar offshore lifting operations.
文摘Rui Chena,b,Tangbing Cui a,b,∗a School of Biology and Biological Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China b Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China The authors regret that the published version of this article contained several errors and omissions,which are described and corrected below.1.Figs.3 and 4(figure order and legends).In the published article,Figs.3 and 4 were inadvertently published in reversed order.The figures should be swapped so that the figure content matches its caption.The correct figures and their legends are provided on the following page.2.Title correction.The compound name in the published title was incorrectly typeset as“benzo[a]pyrene”The correct spelling is“benzo[a]pyrene.”3.Text corrections in Section 2.4.Several typographical errors occurred in Section 2.4(“Up-regulation of acetoin,lactate,and kanosamine biosynthesis under sodium gluconate treatment”).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62162009the Key Technologies R&D Program of He’nan Province under Grant No.242102211065+2 种基金the Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan Province under Grant Nos.YJS2025GZZ36,YJS2024AL112,and YJS2024JD38the Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province under Grant No.CXTD2017099the Scientific Research Innovation Team of Xuchang University under Grant No.2022CXTD003.
文摘With the increasing complexity of malware attack techniques,traditional detection methods face significant challenges,such as privacy preservation,data heterogeneity,and lacking category information.To address these issues,we propose Federated Dynamic Prototype Learning(FedDPL)for malware classification by integrating Federated Learning with a specifically designed K-means.Under the Federated Learning framework,model training occurs locally without data sharing,effectively protecting user data privacy and preventing the leakage of sensitive information.Furthermore,to tackle the challenges of data heterogeneity and the lack of category information,FedDPL introduces a dynamic prototype learning mechanism,which adaptively adjusts the clustering prototypes in terms of position and number.Thus,the dependency on predefined category numbers in typical K-means and its variants can be significantly reduced,resulting in improved clustering performance.Theoretically,it provides a more accurate detection of malicious behavior.Experimental results confirm that FedDPL excels in handling malware classification tasks,demonstrating superior accuracy,robustness,and privacy protection.
文摘Correction to:Nuclear Science and Techniques(2025)36:111 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-025-01681-9.In the sentence beginning‘The weights of the parameters used for the…’in this article,the text‘RCSs’should have read‘SCRs’.In Table 7 of this article,the column header ρ_fuel was incorrect and should have read CPv_fuel.For completeness and transparency,the old incorrect version and the corrected version of Table 7 are displayed below.
文摘Moving beyond the conventional“level diagnosis-case analysis”framework,this study,grounded in the SOLO Taxonomy,constructs a four-dimensional instructional model of“stratified objectives,tasks,guidance,and assessment.”Focusing on geometric proofs in middle school,the model is practically applied through case studies of the properties of parallelograms and triangle congruence.By transforming the SOLO levels into actionable instructional steps,the model addresses key student challenges-such as fragmented thinking processes,disorganized logical expression,and weak knowledge transfer-thereby facilitating cognitive progression among students at different levels.The implementation demonstrates that this model significantly enhances the precision and effectiveness of teaching geometric proofs.Its core strengths lie in using visualized diagnostic tools for precise instructional positioning and constructing scaffolded task sequences to build clear pathways for cognitive development.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52034002 and U2202254)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-TT-19-001)。
文摘The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.
文摘In the modern era of ubiquitous and highly interconnected information technology,cybersecurity threats stemming from software code vulnerabilities have become increasingly severe,posing significant risks to the confidentiality,integrity,and availability of modern information systems.To enhance software code quality,enterprises often integrate static code analysis tools into Continuous Integration(CI) pipelines.However,the high rates of false positives and false negatives remain a challenge.The advent of large language models(LLMs),such as ChatGPT,presents a new opportunity to address these challenges.In this paper,we propose AI-SCDF,a framework that utilizes the custombuilt Nebula-Coder AI model for detecting and fixing code security issues in real time during the developer ' s personal build process.We construct a static code checking rule knowledge base through summarizing and classifying Common Weakness Enumeration(CWE) code security problems identified by security and quality assurance teams.The rule knowledge base is combined with CodeFuse-processed code contexts to serve as input for an AI code security detection microservice,which assists in identifying code quality and security issues.If any abnormalities are detected,they are addressed by an AI code security patching microservice,which alerts the developer and requests confirmation before committing the code into the repository.Experimental results show that our approach effectively improves code quality.We also develop a VS Code plugin for code alert detection and fix based on LLMs,which facilitates test shift-left and lowers the risk of software development.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(32272364)the Shanghai Education Committee Scientific Research Innovation Projects,China(2101070007800120)+2 种基金National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(32025029)Shanghai Key Project in Synthetic Biology(23HC1400900)the Shanghai Engineering Research Center of 460 Food Microbiology Program(19DZ2281100).
文摘This study examined the potential response mechanisms of Ligilactobacillus salivarius AR612 to glucose stress through whole-genome and comparative transcriptome analysis.We obtained the basic genome information of L.salivarius AR612.The full genome length of L.salivarius AR612 was 1970245 bp,with a GC content of 33.01%and 1894 coding genes.Moreover,we identified many genes associated with genetic adaptations to various stress factors,including temperature,p H,osmotic pressure,bile salts,and oxidative stress.Physiological analysis revealed that the growth and morphology of AR612 changed significantly under glucose stress,with a decrease in the maximum growth and irregular cell morphology.Furthermore,a comparison of transcriptome data indicated that glucose stress induced changes in the number of differential genes.Moreover,AR612 could respond to extracellular glucose stress by changing the expression of genes related to cell morphology,carbohydrate metabolism,amino acid metabolism,fatty acid synthesis,and nucleotide metabolism.This study provides valuable theoretical insights for future research on the adaptation of L.salivarius AR612 to nutritional stress and its application in industrial processes.
