Energy poverty in developing countries is a critical issue characterized by the lack of access to modern energy services,such as electricity and clean cooking facilities,as marked in SDG 7.This study explores the corr...Energy poverty in developing countries is a critical issue characterized by the lack of access to modern energy services,such as electricity and clean cooking facilities,as marked in SDG 7.This study explores the correlations between energy poverty,energy intensity,resource abundance,and income inequality,as these factors have been theorized to play important roles in influencing energy poverty in developing countries.By observing that the dataset is heterogeneous across the countries and over the time frame,we use the Method of Moments Quantile Regression(MMQR)to analyze our developing countries’data from 2000 to 2019.Our findings indicate that energy intensity is a significant factor influencing energy poverty,suggesting that higher energy consumption relative to the sample countries can exacerbate this issue.Additionally,we observe that income inequality within the sample countries is a critical determinant of energy poverty levels,highlighting the dynamics between economic disparity and access to energy resources.Interestingly,our study reveals that resource abundance acts as a blessing rather than a curse in terms of energy poverty,implying that countries rich in natural resources may have better opportunities to combat energy deprivation.Finally,we emphasize the vital role of financial markets in addressing energy poverty on a global scale,suggesting that robust financial systems can facilitate investments and innovations aimed at improving energy access for vulnerable populations.The results from the robustness analysis support the empirical results obtained from the main estimation.The empirical findings of the present study advance important comprehensions for policymakers to adopt energy policies that address the complex challenges of energy poverty and promote inclusive energy access.展开更多
Foreign-funded overseas industrial parks(OIPs)are crucial for attracting foreign investment and promoting globalization in developing countries.However,large-scale land acquisition for these parks generates conflicts ...Foreign-funded overseas industrial parks(OIPs)are crucial for attracting foreign investment and promoting globalization in developing countries.However,large-scale land acquisition for these parks generates conflicts between developers and local stakeholders,increasing development costs.A qualitative multicase study was conducted in this study to analyze the land transaction trajectories of China's OIPs.Four OIPs were selected to reveal the underlying mechanisms from the perspectives of institutional arrangements,governance mechanisms,and enterprise heterogeneity.The findings indicate that in host countries with insufficient institutional development,local governments are more inclined to directly engage in OIP land acquisition.High-level intergovernmental mechanisms facilitate land acquisition processes,although their efficacy depends largely on administrative power allocation across parks in host countries.The results also indicate that enterprise characteristics significantly influence land acquisition,where microscale private enterprises lacking political connections often employ low-cost,bottom-up strategies by leveraging international experience.In summary,policy-makers in developing countries should prioritize enhancing OIP governance to mitigate transaction costs,promote diversified land supply,and optimize land allocation.By depicting China's OIP land acquisition processes,this study deepens the academic understanding of OIP governance in developing countries and related international land transactions,offering practical OIP management insights for governments in both host and parent countries.展开更多
The Emerging Markets and Developing Countries Forum on Bridging the AI Divide and Opening Ceremony of AIM Global CoE were held on July 27 in Minhang district,Shanghai.The event was hosted by AIM Global CoE,and co-orga...The Emerging Markets and Developing Countries Forum on Bridging the AI Divide and Opening Ceremony of AIM Global CoE were held on July 27 in Minhang district,Shanghai.The event was hosted by AIM Global CoE,and co-organized by Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Research Institute(SAIRI),Shanghai Technology Innovation Center,Shanghai Grand Neobay Investment Development Group,and Organizing Committee of AI Journey Conference.Asian Association of Business Incubation(AABI)and SAIRI served as the international partners.展开更多
Building Information Modelling(BIM)technology can solve construction issues from multiple perspectives,including technical and managerial.While existing research has primarily focused on BIM’s benefits and framework ...Building Information Modelling(BIM)technology can solve construction issues from multiple perspectives,including technical and managerial.While existing research has primarily focused on BIM’s benefits and framework development,few studies discussed whether BIM can be successfully applied in developing countries.This paper examines the current status and key obstacles hindering BIM adoption in developing countries,analyzing their underlying causes.Notably,the study reveals that high BIM awareness does not directly lead to high BIM usage.The findings aim to provide theoretical support for enhancing the BIM environment and increasing implementation feasibility in developing countries.Additionally,the research identifies critical barriers for governments to address in promoting BIM adoption,offering a foundation for policy formulation.展开更多
River ethics,a significant advancement inspired by Chinese President XI Jinping's ecological civilization thought,embodies the philosophical essence of river governance and represents a legacy of innovation by gen...River ethics,a significant advancement inspired by Chinese President XI Jinping's ecological civilization thought,embodies the philosophical essence of river governance and represents a legacy of innovation by generations of water resources professionals.Rooted in river ecology,it offers a framework for advancing modern water governance systems and capabilities.This paper examines eight dimensions of river ethics to provide actionable recommendations:enhancing knowledge systems on water,rivers,and lakes;addressing critical challenges in water governance to strengthen the foundational role of water authorities in ensuring water security,resource management,ecological sustainability and environmental protection;optimizing water project planning to mitigate ecological impacts;ensuring high standards in the lifecycle management of water projects;refining water diversion strategies for precise scheduling;utilizing ecosystem complexity for river and lake restoration;implementing tiered management of water-related disasters;and driving reforms to modernize water governance systems and mechanisms.展开更多
We do so much to prepare our children for the future,but are we doing enough to prepare the future for our children?To do so we must seek sustainability.Sustainability is a new way of thinking about an age-old concern...We do so much to prepare our children for the future,but are we doing enough to prepare the future for our children?To do so we must seek sustainability.Sustainability is a new way of thinking about an age-old concern:ensuring that our children and grandchildren inherit a tomorrow that is at least as good as today,preferably better.We want to make sure that the way we live our lives is sustainable that can continue and keep improving for long time.And since buildings produce half of all greenhouse gases and account for one-sixth of the world's freshwater withdrawals,one-quarter of its wood harvest and two fifths of its material and energy flows.By several estimates,we will double the size of the built environment over the next twenty to forty years.Therefore,there is a critical and immediate need to shift thinking on how the built environment is designed.To reduce environmental impact,protect public health and improve environmental equity and justice,we must change principles for building practice.Designers in general and architects in particular should play a high-profile leadership role in this transformation.展开更多
This study aims to understand the behavior of the Bugis community in developing vernacular house models in the coastal areas of South Sulawesi Province,along with the factors influencing this behavior,such as knowledg...This study aims to understand the behavior of the Bugis community in developing vernacular house models in the coastal areas of South Sulawesi Province,along with the factors influencing this behavior,such as knowledge,motivation,attitude,locus of control,commitment,concern,and income level.Bugis vernacular houses reflect local wisdom that is adapted to environmental,socio-cultural conditions,and the challenges of modernization.This correlational research was conducted in the regencies of Pangkajene and Kepulauan,Barru,and Bone,with a sample of 300 household heads.The variables analyzed include knowledge,motivation,attitude,locus of control,commitment,concern,and income level.Data were collected through knowledge tests and questionnaires and were analyzed using simple and multiple regression tech-niques.The results show that the Bugis community’s behavior in developing vernacular houses is moderate.Individually,motivation,locus of control,commitment,and concern significantly influence behavior,while knowledge,attitude,and income do not have a significant impact.However,collectively,all independent variables(knowledge,motivation,attitude,locus of control,commitment,concern,and income)affect the behavior of the Bugis community in developing vernacular houses in coastal areas.This study provides valuable insights into the environmental and social adaptations of the Bugis coastal community,as well as efforts to preserve culture through the sustainable development of vernacular houses.展开更多
The oxytocin receptor(OXTR)has garnered increasing attention for its role in regulating both mature behaviors and brain development.It has been established that OXTR mediates a range of effects that are regionspecifc ...The oxytocin receptor(OXTR)has garnered increasing attention for its role in regulating both mature behaviors and brain development.It has been established that OXTR mediates a range of effects that are regionspecifc or period-specifc.However,the current studies of OXTR expression patterns in mice only provide limited help due to limitations in resolution.Therefore,our objective was to generate a comprehensive,high-resolution spatiotemporal expression map of Oxtr mRNA across the entire developing mouse brain.We applied RNAscope in situ hybridization to investigate the spatiotemporal expression pattern of Oxtr in the brains of male mice at six distinct postnatal developmental stages(P7,P14,P21,P28,P42,P56).We provide detailed descriptions of Oxtr expression patterns in key brain regions,including the cortex,basal forebrain,hippocampus,and amygdaloid complex,with a focus on the precise localization of Oxtr+cells and the variance of expression between diferent neurons.Furthermore,we identifed some neuronal populations with high Oxtr expression levels that have been little studied,including glutamatergic neurons in the ventral dentate gyrus,Vgat+Oxtr+cells in the basal forebrain,and GABAergic neurons in layers 4/5 of the cortex.Our study provides a novel perspective for understanding the distribution of Oxtr and encourages further investigations into its functions.展开更多
This study develops a comprehensive framework of ten management solutions to strengthen human resource training in Vietnam’s colleges in response to the transition toward smart agriculture.Drawing on the CIPO and Log...This study develops a comprehensive framework of ten management solutions to strengthen human resource training in Vietnam’s colleges in response to the transition toward smart agriculture.Drawing on the CIPO and Logic Model frameworks,the research integrates theoretical synthesis with contextual evidence from Vietnam’s vocational education system.The proposed solutions address key management domains such as curriculum innovation,faculty development,institutional governance,digital transformation,and quality assurance.Each solution is conceptually grounded in international practices while being adapted to the Vietnamese context.The study contributes to the literature by operationalizing a systemic reform pathway that links digitalization,sustainability,and governance transformation in agricultural training institutions.The framework provides a strategic foundation for policymakers and institutional leaders to modernize vocational training toward a smart and sustainable agricultural workforce.展开更多
With the first rays of dawn peeking through the rainforest at Shiti Village,Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province,Xu Xiaolong,a bird-watching guide from the Jingpo ethnic group,led a German bird-...With the first rays of dawn peeking through the rainforest at Shiti Village,Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province,Xu Xiaolong,a bird-watching guide from the Jingpo ethnic group,led a German bird-watching group into the jungle.His great-grandfather made a living by hunting“weird-looking birds”in the mountains.Today,the birds(Great Hornbill)are attracting tourist dollars from other parts of the world without dodging bullets.In Shiti Village,bird-watchers can enjoy the chirping of Great Hornbills and feel the rumbling in the air as the birds fly past.The village on the Chinese border with Myanmar was formerly poverty-stricken,with an average annual income of barely 2,000 yuan(US$305)per household 10 years ago.Today,the average annual income has grown to 150,000 yuan(US$23,075).It is a shining example of the successful practice of the notion that“lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.”展开更多
Objectives:Electronic health records(EHRs)offer valuable real-world data(RWD)for Chinese medicine research.However,significant methodological challenges remain in developing integrative Chinese-Western medicine(ICWM)d...Objectives:Electronic health records(EHRs)offer valuable real-world data(RWD)for Chinese medicine research.However,significant methodological challenges remain in developing integrative Chinese-Western medicine(ICWM)databases.This study aims to establish a best-practice methodological framework,referred to as BRIDGE,to guide the construction of ICWM databases using EHRs.Methods:We developed the methodological framework through a comprehensive process,including systematic literature review,synthesis of empirical experiences,thematic expert discussions,and consultation with an external panel to reach consensus.Results:The BRIDGE framework outlines 6 core components for ICWM-EHR database development:Overall design,database architecture,data extraction and linkage,data governance,data verification,and data quality evaluation.Key data elements include variables related to study population,treatment or exposure,outcomes,and confounders.These databases support various research applications,particularly in evaluating the effectiveness and safety of integrative therapies.To demonstrate its practical value,we developed an ICWM-EHR database on women’s reproductive lifespan,encompassing 2,064,482 patients.This database captures women’s health conditions across the life course,from reproductive age to older adulthood.Conclusions:The BRIDGE methodological framework provides a standardized approach to building high-quality ICWM-EHR databases.It offers a unique opportunity to strengthen the methodological rigor and real-world relevance of Chinese medicine research in integrated healthcare settings.展开更多
Benin, a tropical country in west Africa, is one of the Ieast deveIoped countries confirmed by the United Nations. Benin is highIy dependent on agricuIture and reIativeIy rich in agricuIture resources. It＆#39;s espec...Benin, a tropical country in west Africa, is one of the Ieast deveIoped countries confirmed by the United Nations. Benin is highIy dependent on agricuIture and reIativeIy rich in agricuIture resources. It＆#39;s especial y suitabIe for agricuIture be-cause of the sufficient sunIight, raln and suitabIe temperature. AgricuIture export in Benin pIays an important part for both government and farmers. But the Iack of new varieties, appropriate technoIogy and modern service makes it difficuIt to deveI-op the agricuIture production rapidIy. Based on the introduction of agricuIture re-sources incIuding cIimate and Iand, this articIe malnIy showed the maln agricuIture productions and potential probIems in Benin, and then Iooked into the distance and deveIoping strategy on how to soIve the probIems. In order to deveIop the agricuI-ture sustalnabIy in Benin, it’s also suggested that the worId shouId strengthen the ald and share the fruits of new products, appropriate technoIogy and good man-agement methods.展开更多
The status, advantages and disadvantages of rice production in East Timor were investigated and analyzed, the results of comparison test and demonstrative cultivation through introducing 15 Chinese hybrid rice combina...The status, advantages and disadvantages of rice production in East Timor were investigated and analyzed, the results of comparison test and demonstrative cultivation through introducing 15 Chinese hybrid rice combinations into East Timor were summarized, the feasibility of developing hybrid rice in East Timor to realize food self-sufficiency were discussed and demonstrated, and the main corresponding technical strategies were proposed in this paper.展开更多
Selective laser melting(SLM) is an attractive rapid prototyping technology for the fabrication of metallic components with complex structure and high performance. Aluminum alloy, one of the most pervasive structural m...Selective laser melting(SLM) is an attractive rapid prototyping technology for the fabrication of metallic components with complex structure and high performance. Aluminum alloy, one of the most pervasive structural materials, is well known for high specific strength and good corrosion resistance. But the poor laser formability of aluminum alloy restricts its application. There are problems such as limited processable materials, immature process conditions and metallurgical defects on SLM processing aluminum alloys. Some efforts have been made to solve the above problems. This paper discusses the current research status both related to the scientific understanding and technology applications. The paper begins with a brief introduction of basic concepts of aluminum alloys and technology characterization of laser selective melting. In addition, solidification theory of SLM process and formation mechanism of metallurgical defects are discussed. Then, the current research status of microstructure, properties and heat treatment of SLM processing aluminum alloys is systematically reviewed respectively. Lastly, a future outlook is given at the end of this review paper.展开更多
The ultrastructure of the epidermis and flesh of apple ( Malus domestica Borkh cv. Red Fuji) fruit was systematically observed during the fruit development via transmission electron microscopy. The results showed t...The ultrastructure of the epidermis and flesh of apple ( Malus domestica Borkh cv. Red Fuji) fruit was systematically observed during the fruit development via transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that, in spite of the ultrastructural changes in many aspects of the developing fruit epidermal cells, it remained almost unchanged throughout the whole developmental process that the cytoplasm was filled with numerous endoplasmic reticula (ER). Most of these endoplasmic reticula were tube_like and rough_ER with enlarged cisterna from which many vesicles were produced. Some of the vesicles were shown to merge into vacuole. Some dynamic Golgi bodies were also found. All the ultrastructural characteristics showed that the epidermal cells have the features of excretory cells. The ultrastructure of the fruit flesh cells at the young fruit stage were shown to be metabolically active, characterized by the presence of numerous clustered plasmodesmata, cisterna enlarged_ and rough_ER filling the cytoplasm, plenty of vesicles and Golgi bodies, indicating their dynamic cellular transport function. Some giant_circular rough_ERs were found. All the ultrastructural features at this early developmental stage should be closely associated with the enlargement of the young fruit. At the rapid growing phase of the fruit the main changes were characterized by: the starch grain_filled amyloplasts, furcating of the single orifice of plasmodesmata, and the cytoplasm enrichment of both the Golgi body_formed vesicles and other vesicles. These features correspond well with those of a photoassimilate sink_cell. An ultrastructural degeneration phenomenon was observed at the fruit ripening stage, but the mitochondria and plasmalemma still remained intact, which might be related to the continuous development of fruit quality during the fruit ripening.展开更多
Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a serious global public health problem.The infection may be transmitted through sexual intercourse,parenteral contact or from an infected mother to the baby at birth and,if contracte...Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a serious global public health problem.The infection may be transmitted through sexual intercourse,parenteral contact or from an infected mother to the baby at birth and,if contracted early in life,may lead to chronic liver disease,including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.On the basis of the HBV carrier rate,the world can be divided in 3 regions of high,medium and low endemicity.The major concern is about high endemicity countries,where the most common route of infection remains vertical transmission from mother to child.Screening of all pregnant women and passive immunization with human hepatitis B immunoglobulin are not affordable for many developing countries.The infection rate can be reduced by modifying behavior,improving individual education,testing all blood donations,assuring asepsis in clinical practice and screening all pregnant women.However,availability of a safe and efficacious vaccine and adoption of appropriate immunization strategies are the most effective means to prevent HBV infection and its consequences.The unsolved problem for poorest countries,where the number of people currently infected is high,is the cost of the vaccine.A future challenge is to overcome the social and economic hurdles of maintaining and improving a prevention policy worldwide to reduce the global burden of the disease.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the leading causes of cancer and cancer-related mortality worldwide.The disease has been traditionally a major health problem in industrial countries,however the CRC rates are increasin...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the leading causes of cancer and cancer-related mortality worldwide.The disease has been traditionally a major health problem in industrial countries,however the CRC rates are increasing in the developing countries that are undergoing economic growth.Several environmental risk factors,mainly changes in diet and life style,have been suggested to underlie the rise of CRC in these populations.Diet and lifestyle impinge on nuclear receptors,on the intestinal microbiota and on crucial molecular pathways that are implicated in intestinal carcinogenesis.In this respect,the epidemiological transition in several regions of the world offers a unique opportunity to better understand CRC carcinogenesis by studying the disease phenotypes and their environmental and molecular associations in different populations.The data from these studies may have important implications for the global prevention and treatment of CRC.展开更多
Hepatitis A is the most common form of acute viral hepatitis in the world.Major geographical differences in endemicity of hepatitis A are closely related to hygienic and sanitary conditions and other indicators of the...Hepatitis A is the most common form of acute viral hepatitis in the world.Major geographical differences in endemicity of hepatitis A are closely related to hygienic and sanitary conditions and other indicators of the level of socioeconomic development.The anti-hepatitis A virus(HAV)seroprevalence rate is presently decreasing in many parts of the world,but in less developed regions and in several developing countries,HAV infection is still very common in the first years of life and seroprev-alence rates approach 100%.In areas of intermediate endemicity,the delay in the exposure to the virus has generated a huge number of susceptible adolescents and adults and significantly increased the average age at infection.As the severity of disease increases with age,this has led to outbreaks of hepatitis A.Several factors contribute to the decline of the infection rate,including rising socioeconomic levels,increased access to clean water and the availability of a hepatitis A vaccine that was developed in the 1990s.For populations with a high proportion of susceptible adults,implementing vaccination programs may be considered.In this report,we review available epidemiological data and implementation of vaccination strategies,particularly focusing on developing countries.展开更多
文摘Energy poverty in developing countries is a critical issue characterized by the lack of access to modern energy services,such as electricity and clean cooking facilities,as marked in SDG 7.This study explores the correlations between energy poverty,energy intensity,resource abundance,and income inequality,as these factors have been theorized to play important roles in influencing energy poverty in developing countries.By observing that the dataset is heterogeneous across the countries and over the time frame,we use the Method of Moments Quantile Regression(MMQR)to analyze our developing countries’data from 2000 to 2019.Our findings indicate that energy intensity is a significant factor influencing energy poverty,suggesting that higher energy consumption relative to the sample countries can exacerbate this issue.Additionally,we observe that income inequality within the sample countries is a critical determinant of energy poverty levels,highlighting the dynamics between economic disparity and access to energy resources.Interestingly,our study reveals that resource abundance acts as a blessing rather than a curse in terms of energy poverty,implying that countries rich in natural resources may have better opportunities to combat energy deprivation.Finally,we emphasize the vital role of financial markets in addressing energy poverty on a global scale,suggesting that robust financial systems can facilitate investments and innovations aimed at improving energy access for vulnerable populations.The results from the robustness analysis support the empirical results obtained from the main estimation.The empirical findings of the present study advance important comprehensions for policymakers to adopt energy policies that address the complex challenges of energy poverty and promote inclusive energy access.
基金Philosophy and Social Science Planning Projects in Yunnan Province,No.QN202428China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2024M752918。
文摘Foreign-funded overseas industrial parks(OIPs)are crucial for attracting foreign investment and promoting globalization in developing countries.However,large-scale land acquisition for these parks generates conflicts between developers and local stakeholders,increasing development costs.A qualitative multicase study was conducted in this study to analyze the land transaction trajectories of China's OIPs.Four OIPs were selected to reveal the underlying mechanisms from the perspectives of institutional arrangements,governance mechanisms,and enterprise heterogeneity.The findings indicate that in host countries with insufficient institutional development,local governments are more inclined to directly engage in OIP land acquisition.High-level intergovernmental mechanisms facilitate land acquisition processes,although their efficacy depends largely on administrative power allocation across parks in host countries.The results also indicate that enterprise characteristics significantly influence land acquisition,where microscale private enterprises lacking political connections often employ low-cost,bottom-up strategies by leveraging international experience.In summary,policy-makers in developing countries should prioritize enhancing OIP governance to mitigate transaction costs,promote diversified land supply,and optimize land allocation.By depicting China's OIP land acquisition processes,this study deepens the academic understanding of OIP governance in developing countries and related international land transactions,offering practical OIP management insights for governments in both host and parent countries.
文摘The Emerging Markets and Developing Countries Forum on Bridging the AI Divide and Opening Ceremony of AIM Global CoE were held on July 27 in Minhang district,Shanghai.The event was hosted by AIM Global CoE,and co-organized by Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Research Institute(SAIRI),Shanghai Technology Innovation Center,Shanghai Grand Neobay Investment Development Group,and Organizing Committee of AI Journey Conference.Asian Association of Business Incubation(AABI)and SAIRI served as the international partners.
文摘Building Information Modelling(BIM)technology can solve construction issues from multiple perspectives,including technical and managerial.While existing research has primarily focused on BIM’s benefits and framework development,few studies discussed whether BIM can be successfully applied in developing countries.This paper examines the current status and key obstacles hindering BIM adoption in developing countries,analyzing their underlying causes.Notably,the study reveals that high BIM awareness does not directly lead to high BIM usage.The findings aim to provide theoretical support for enhancing the BIM environment and increasing implementation feasibility in developing countries.Additionally,the research identifies critical barriers for governments to address in promoting BIM adoption,offering a foundation for policy formulation.
基金Three Gorges Follow-up Work Fund,Grant/Award Number:WE0161A042024National Key Research Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2024YFC3210900。
文摘River ethics,a significant advancement inspired by Chinese President XI Jinping's ecological civilization thought,embodies the philosophical essence of river governance and represents a legacy of innovation by generations of water resources professionals.Rooted in river ecology,it offers a framework for advancing modern water governance systems and capabilities.This paper examines eight dimensions of river ethics to provide actionable recommendations:enhancing knowledge systems on water,rivers,and lakes;addressing critical challenges in water governance to strengthen the foundational role of water authorities in ensuring water security,resource management,ecological sustainability and environmental protection;optimizing water project planning to mitigate ecological impacts;ensuring high standards in the lifecycle management of water projects;refining water diversion strategies for precise scheduling;utilizing ecosystem complexity for river and lake restoration;implementing tiered management of water-related disasters;and driving reforms to modernize water governance systems and mechanisms.
文摘We do so much to prepare our children for the future,but are we doing enough to prepare the future for our children?To do so we must seek sustainability.Sustainability is a new way of thinking about an age-old concern:ensuring that our children and grandchildren inherit a tomorrow that is at least as good as today,preferably better.We want to make sure that the way we live our lives is sustainable that can continue and keep improving for long time.And since buildings produce half of all greenhouse gases and account for one-sixth of the world's freshwater withdrawals,one-quarter of its wood harvest and two fifths of its material and energy flows.By several estimates,we will double the size of the built environment over the next twenty to forty years.Therefore,there is a critical and immediate need to shift thinking on how the built environment is designed.To reduce environmental impact,protect public health and improve environmental equity and justice,we must change principles for building practice.Designers in general and architects in particular should play a high-profile leadership role in this transformation.
基金The cost of this research comes from a grant from the government of the Republic of Indonesia,through the Ministry of Education and Culture,Research and Technology with contract number:1225/UN36.11/LP2M/2024。
文摘This study aims to understand the behavior of the Bugis community in developing vernacular house models in the coastal areas of South Sulawesi Province,along with the factors influencing this behavior,such as knowledge,motivation,attitude,locus of control,commitment,concern,and income level.Bugis vernacular houses reflect local wisdom that is adapted to environmental,socio-cultural conditions,and the challenges of modernization.This correlational research was conducted in the regencies of Pangkajene and Kepulauan,Barru,and Bone,with a sample of 300 household heads.The variables analyzed include knowledge,motivation,attitude,locus of control,commitment,concern,and income level.Data were collected through knowledge tests and questionnaires and were analyzed using simple and multiple regression tech-niques.The results show that the Bugis community’s behavior in developing vernacular houses is moderate.Individually,motivation,locus of control,commitment,and concern significantly influence behavior,while knowledge,attitude,and income do not have a significant impact.However,collectively,all independent variables(knowledge,motivation,attitude,locus of control,commitment,concern,and income)affect the behavior of the Bugis community in developing vernacular houses in coastal areas.This study provides valuable insights into the environmental and social adaptations of the Bugis coastal community,as well as efforts to preserve culture through the sustainable development of vernacular houses.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(32325025)the STI2030-Major Projects(2021ZD0202500)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1101801)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171148,and 31770929)the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Z181100001518001 and Z161100000216154).
文摘The oxytocin receptor(OXTR)has garnered increasing attention for its role in regulating both mature behaviors and brain development.It has been established that OXTR mediates a range of effects that are regionspecifc or period-specifc.However,the current studies of OXTR expression patterns in mice only provide limited help due to limitations in resolution.Therefore,our objective was to generate a comprehensive,high-resolution spatiotemporal expression map of Oxtr mRNA across the entire developing mouse brain.We applied RNAscope in situ hybridization to investigate the spatiotemporal expression pattern of Oxtr in the brains of male mice at six distinct postnatal developmental stages(P7,P14,P21,P28,P42,P56).We provide detailed descriptions of Oxtr expression patterns in key brain regions,including the cortex,basal forebrain,hippocampus,and amygdaloid complex,with a focus on the precise localization of Oxtr+cells and the variance of expression between diferent neurons.Furthermore,we identifed some neuronal populations with high Oxtr expression levels that have been little studied,including glutamatergic neurons in the ventral dentate gyrus,Vgat+Oxtr+cells in the basal forebrain,and GABAergic neurons in layers 4/5 of the cortex.Our study provides a novel perspective for understanding the distribution of Oxtr and encourages further investigations into its functions.
基金conducted within the framework of the research project coded QS.NH.25.44,hosted by the VNU-University of Education,Vietnam National University,Hanoi,Vietnam.
文摘This study develops a comprehensive framework of ten management solutions to strengthen human resource training in Vietnam’s colleges in response to the transition toward smart agriculture.Drawing on the CIPO and Logic Model frameworks,the research integrates theoretical synthesis with contextual evidence from Vietnam’s vocational education system.The proposed solutions address key management domains such as curriculum innovation,faculty development,institutional governance,digital transformation,and quality assurance.Each solution is conceptually grounded in international practices while being adapted to the Vietnamese context.The study contributes to the literature by operationalizing a systemic reform pathway that links digitalization,sustainability,and governance transformation in agricultural training institutions.The framework provides a strategic foundation for policymakers and institutional leaders to modernize vocational training toward a smart and sustainable agricultural workforce.
文摘With the first rays of dawn peeking through the rainforest at Shiti Village,Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province,Xu Xiaolong,a bird-watching guide from the Jingpo ethnic group,led a German bird-watching group into the jungle.His great-grandfather made a living by hunting“weird-looking birds”in the mountains.Today,the birds(Great Hornbill)are attracting tourist dollars from other parts of the world without dodging bullets.In Shiti Village,bird-watchers can enjoy the chirping of Great Hornbills and feel the rumbling in the air as the birds fly past.The village on the Chinese border with Myanmar was formerly poverty-stricken,with an average annual income of barely 2,000 yuan(US$305)per household 10 years ago.Today,the average annual income has grown to 150,000 yuan(US$23,075).It is a shining example of the successful practice of the notion that“lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.”
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(No.2024YFC3505800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82474334,82474335 and 72174132)+3 种基金National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.82225049)the Key Research&Development Projects of Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(Nos.2024YFFK0174 and 2024YFFK0152)1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(Nos.ZYYC24010 and ZYGD23004)the Special Fund for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2024zd023).
文摘Objectives:Electronic health records(EHRs)offer valuable real-world data(RWD)for Chinese medicine research.However,significant methodological challenges remain in developing integrative Chinese-Western medicine(ICWM)databases.This study aims to establish a best-practice methodological framework,referred to as BRIDGE,to guide the construction of ICWM databases using EHRs.Methods:We developed the methodological framework through a comprehensive process,including systematic literature review,synthesis of empirical experiences,thematic expert discussions,and consultation with an external panel to reach consensus.Results:The BRIDGE framework outlines 6 core components for ICWM-EHR database development:Overall design,database architecture,data extraction and linkage,data governance,data verification,and data quality evaluation.Key data elements include variables related to study population,treatment or exposure,outcomes,and confounders.These databases support various research applications,particularly in evaluating the effectiveness and safety of integrative therapies.To demonstrate its practical value,we developed an ICWM-EHR database on women’s reproductive lifespan,encompassing 2,064,482 patients.This database captures women’s health conditions across the life course,from reproductive age to older adulthood.Conclusions:The BRIDGE methodological framework provides a standardized approach to building high-quality ICWM-EHR databases.It offers a unique opportunity to strengthen the methodological rigor and real-world relevance of Chinese medicine research in integrated healthcare settings.
基金Supported by the Aid Project on Science and Technology to the Developing Countries from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the PRC:Research Cooperation for key Ttechnologies to Improve Food Production in AfricaGuangxi Scientific Research and Technology Development Project(10100020-1,1346009-4)Fundamental Research Funds for the GXAAS(2014YZ38)~~
文摘Benin, a tropical country in west Africa, is one of the Ieast deveIoped countries confirmed by the United Nations. Benin is highIy dependent on agricuIture and reIativeIy rich in agricuIture resources. It＆#39;s especial y suitabIe for agricuIture be-cause of the sufficient sunIight, raln and suitabIe temperature. AgricuIture export in Benin pIays an important part for both government and farmers. But the Iack of new varieties, appropriate technoIogy and modern service makes it difficuIt to deveI-op the agricuIture production rapidIy. Based on the introduction of agricuIture re-sources incIuding cIimate and Iand, this articIe malnIy showed the maln agricuIture productions and potential probIems in Benin, and then Iooked into the distance and deveIoping strategy on how to soIve the probIems. In order to deveIop the agricuI-ture sustalnabIy in Benin, it’s also suggested that the worId shouId strengthen the ald and share the fruits of new products, appropriate technoIogy and good man-agement methods.
基金Supported by Foreign Aid Funds of Ministry of CommerceAid East Timor Agricultural Technology of Hybrid Rice Cooperation Project~~
文摘The status, advantages and disadvantages of rice production in East Timor were investigated and analyzed, the results of comparison test and demonstrative cultivation through introducing 15 Chinese hybrid rice combinations into East Timor were summarized, the feasibility of developing hybrid rice in East Timor to realize food self-sufficiency were discussed and demonstrated, and the main corresponding technical strategies were proposed in this paper.
基金sponsored by National Key Research and Development Program "Additive Manufacturing and Laser Manufacturing" (No. 2016YFB1100101)Natural and Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51775208, 51505166)+4 种基金Hubei Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 0216110085)Wuhan Morning Light Plan of Youth Science and Technology (No. 0216110066)Graduates’ Innovation Fund, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (No. 5003110027)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University (No. 2017JYCXJJ004)the Academic frontier youth team at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST)
文摘Selective laser melting(SLM) is an attractive rapid prototyping technology for the fabrication of metallic components with complex structure and high performance. Aluminum alloy, one of the most pervasive structural materials, is well known for high specific strength and good corrosion resistance. But the poor laser formability of aluminum alloy restricts its application. There are problems such as limited processable materials, immature process conditions and metallurgical defects on SLM processing aluminum alloys. Some efforts have been made to solve the above problems. This paper discusses the current research status both related to the scientific understanding and technology applications. The paper begins with a brief introduction of basic concepts of aluminum alloys and technology characterization of laser selective melting. In addition, solidification theory of SLM process and formation mechanism of metallurgical defects are discussed. Then, the current research status of microstructure, properties and heat treatment of SLM processing aluminum alloys is systematically reviewed respectively. Lastly, a future outlook is given at the end of this review paper.
文摘The ultrastructure of the epidermis and flesh of apple ( Malus domestica Borkh cv. Red Fuji) fruit was systematically observed during the fruit development via transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that, in spite of the ultrastructural changes in many aspects of the developing fruit epidermal cells, it remained almost unchanged throughout the whole developmental process that the cytoplasm was filled with numerous endoplasmic reticula (ER). Most of these endoplasmic reticula were tube_like and rough_ER with enlarged cisterna from which many vesicles were produced. Some of the vesicles were shown to merge into vacuole. Some dynamic Golgi bodies were also found. All the ultrastructural characteristics showed that the epidermal cells have the features of excretory cells. The ultrastructure of the fruit flesh cells at the young fruit stage were shown to be metabolically active, characterized by the presence of numerous clustered plasmodesmata, cisterna enlarged_ and rough_ER filling the cytoplasm, plenty of vesicles and Golgi bodies, indicating their dynamic cellular transport function. Some giant_circular rough_ERs were found. All the ultrastructural features at this early developmental stage should be closely associated with the enlargement of the young fruit. At the rapid growing phase of the fruit the main changes were characterized by: the starch grain_filled amyloplasts, furcating of the single orifice of plasmodesmata, and the cytoplasm enrichment of both the Golgi body_formed vesicles and other vesicles. These features correspond well with those of a photoassimilate sink_cell. An ultrastructural degeneration phenomenon was observed at the fruit ripening stage, but the mitochondria and plasmalemma still remained intact, which might be related to the continuous development of fruit quality during the fruit ripening.
文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a serious global public health problem.The infection may be transmitted through sexual intercourse,parenteral contact or from an infected mother to the baby at birth and,if contracted early in life,may lead to chronic liver disease,including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.On the basis of the HBV carrier rate,the world can be divided in 3 regions of high,medium and low endemicity.The major concern is about high endemicity countries,where the most common route of infection remains vertical transmission from mother to child.Screening of all pregnant women and passive immunization with human hepatitis B immunoglobulin are not affordable for many developing countries.The infection rate can be reduced by modifying behavior,improving individual education,testing all blood donations,assuring asepsis in clinical practice and screening all pregnant women.However,availability of a safe and efficacious vaccine and adoption of appropriate immunization strategies are the most effective means to prevent HBV infection and its consequences.The unsolved problem for poorest countries,where the number of people currently infected is high,is the cost of the vaccine.A future challenge is to overcome the social and economic hurdles of maintaining and improving a prevention policy worldwide to reduce the global burden of the disease.
基金Supported by Institutional NRSA,clinical oncology research training program,No.T32 CA079447(Bishehsari F)the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro(AIRC),Milan to Mariani-Costantini R+3 种基金the Office for Internationalization,G.d’Annunzio University,Chietithe Carichieti Foundation,ChietiMinistero dell’Istruzione,dell’Universitàe della Ricerca(MIUR),Rome,Italythe Fondazione Umberto Veronesi,Milan,Italy and the MRC(5PT57)to Vacca M
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the leading causes of cancer and cancer-related mortality worldwide.The disease has been traditionally a major health problem in industrial countries,however the CRC rates are increasing in the developing countries that are undergoing economic growth.Several environmental risk factors,mainly changes in diet and life style,have been suggested to underlie the rise of CRC in these populations.Diet and lifestyle impinge on nuclear receptors,on the intestinal microbiota and on crucial molecular pathways that are implicated in intestinal carcinogenesis.In this respect,the epidemiological transition in several regions of the world offers a unique opportunity to better understand CRC carcinogenesis by studying the disease phenotypes and their environmental and molecular associations in different populations.The data from these studies may have important implications for the global prevention and treatment of CRC.
文摘Hepatitis A is the most common form of acute viral hepatitis in the world.Major geographical differences in endemicity of hepatitis A are closely related to hygienic and sanitary conditions and other indicators of the level of socioeconomic development.The anti-hepatitis A virus(HAV)seroprevalence rate is presently decreasing in many parts of the world,but in less developed regions and in several developing countries,HAV infection is still very common in the first years of life and seroprev-alence rates approach 100%.In areas of intermediate endemicity,the delay in the exposure to the virus has generated a huge number of susceptible adolescents and adults and significantly increased the average age at infection.As the severity of disease increases with age,this has led to outbreaks of hepatitis A.Several factors contribute to the decline of the infection rate,including rising socioeconomic levels,increased access to clean water and the availability of a hepatitis A vaccine that was developed in the 1990s.For populations with a high proportion of susceptible adults,implementing vaccination programs may be considered.In this report,we review available epidemiological data and implementation of vaccination strategies,particularly focusing on developing countries.
