On December 18,2023,a magnitude 6.2 earthquake struck Jishishan County,Gansu Province,triggering a liquefaction-induced flow slide along the loess-mudstone contact zone and causing significant casualties and property ...On December 18,2023,a magnitude 6.2 earthquake struck Jishishan County,Gansu Province,triggering a liquefaction-induced flow slide along the loess-mudstone contact zone and causing significant casualties and property losses.The event featured low-slope,large-scale,runout distance sliding and exhibited a clear cascading disaster chain.Its characteristics closely resemble the catastrophic mudflow at the nearby Lajia Ruins approximately 4,000 years ago.Using high-resolution oblique photogrammetry,cone penetration testing,surface wave analysis,and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio methods,this study examines the stratigraphy,groundwater conditions,and geomechanical properties of the affected zone.Results indicate that saturated loess overlying impermeable mudstone formed a high-moisture mass vulnerable to seismic disturbance.Seismic resonance triggered the liquefaction of weakly structured loess,which slide along the contact interface and evolved into a runout distance mudflow.Underground water and terrain modification created a composite weak zone of saturated loess and softened mudstone,which intensified the disaster chain-from earthquake to liquefaction,flow slide,and mudflow.This study contributes to the understanding of deep-seated liquefaction-flow slide disasters,thereby advancing more effective risk mitigation strategies in the Loess Plateau and comparable loess-covered seismic regions.展开更多
A spice formulation study in Burkina Faso was carried out using local ingredients for the benefit of households. The objective of this study was to propose some spice formulations based on local ingredients in order t...A spice formulation study in Burkina Faso was carried out using local ingredients for the benefit of households. The objective of this study was to propose some spice formulations based on local ingredients in order to reduce the use of chemical spices in the preparation of different dishes. The Design of Experiments (DOE) methodology was used for the formulation of the spices and their physicochemical, nutritional and sensory characteristics were evaluated by standardized and standard methods. The results obtained showed lipid contents (g/100 g DM) ranging from 10.41 ± 0.26 to 15.64 ± 0.68, total sugars from 4.39 ± 0.32 to 5.46 ± 0.31, protein from 3.65 ± 0.17 to 12.04 ± 0.35 and ash from 5.83 ± 0.01 to 7.02 ± 0.01. The polyphenol content ranged from 9.09 ± 1.60 to 11.33 ± 0.90, and the flavonoid content ranged from 0.65 ± 0.03 to 1.08 ± 0.13. The sensory analysis carried out showed that the spices have generally satisfactory organoleptic characteristics. These results constitute new information in the diet of populations and are an alternative to the chemical spices used in their cooking.展开更多
The efficacy of photodynamic therapy(PDT)for breast tumors is hindered by challenges such as inadequate tumor targeting,limited treatment depth,and strong oxygen dependence.Herein,a promising photosensitizer VP-B was ...The efficacy of photodynamic therapy(PDT)for breast tumors is hindered by challenges such as inadequate tumor targeting,limited treatment depth,and strong oxygen dependence.Herein,a promising photosensitizer VP-B was developed to simultaneously address all the aforementioned issues for the treatment of hypoxic deep-seated breast tumors.The biotinylated photosensitizer VP-B not only exhibited precise targeting towards breast tumor tissue,but also efficiently triggered the generation of abundant1O2and O2-·under 690 nm red light irradiation.Indeed,the red light penetration ability enabled VP-B to achieve successful application in a mouse orthotopic breast tumor model.After intravenous administration,VP-B can selectively target tumor tissues and significantly inhibit the growth of hypoxic deep-seated tumors.Therefore,this new typeⅠ&Ⅱphotosensitizer could boost fluorescence-guided photodynamic therapy of other hypoxic solid tumors.展开更多
In this work,the selected icebreaker model experiment is performed in a towing tank.We focus on the influence of seawater salinity on ship ice resistance in the ice floe field and the innovative ice model and ship mod...In this work,the selected icebreaker model experiment is performed in a towing tank.We focus on the influence of seawater salinity on ship ice resistance in the ice floe field and the innovative ice model and ship model test technology,including the similitude rule of ship model tests,test principles,and validation with full-scale ship data.A formula for calculating the relationship between the temperature and salinity of the water is constructed,which can be used to simulate the role of seawater in freshwater ice pools.On this basis,the effect of salinity on the resistance of ships sailing in broken ice fields is studied.A technique in which artificial ice made of polyethylene spheres is used to simulate ice resistance is proposed.With a series of ship model experiments in spherical and triangular ice fields,the effects of salinity and velocity on the ice resistance test of the ship model are analyzed.A relationship of the ice resistance of the ship model to the spherical ice field and the triangular ice field is proposed.The conversion results are consistent with onsite data of the full-size ship,which verifies the method of converting the test results of the ship model to the prototype.展开更多
Extensive urban areas worldwide face significant landslide hazards, impacting inhabitants, buildings, and critical infrastructures alike. In the case of slow-moving deep-seated landslides involving huge areas and char...Extensive urban areas worldwide face significant landslide hazards, impacting inhabitants, buildings, and critical infrastructures alike. In the case of slow-moving deep-seated landslides involving huge areas and characterized by complex patterns, when the cost of repairing infrastructures, relocating communities, and restoring cultural sites might be such that it is unsustainable for the community, the exposed structures require significant effort for their surveillance and protection, which can be supported by the development of innovative monitoring systems. For this purpose, a smart extenso-inclinometer, realized by equipping a conventional inclinometer tube with distributed strain and temperature transducers based on optical fiber sensing technology, is presented. In situ monitoring of the active deep-seated San Nicola landslide in Centola (Campania, southern Italy) demonstrated its ability to capture the main features of movements and reconstruct a tridimensional evolution of the landslide pattern, even when the entity of both vertical and horizontal soil strain components is comparable. Although further tests are needed to definitively ascertain the extensometer function of the new device, by interpreting the strain profiles of the landslide body and identifying the achievement of predetermined thresholds, this system could provide a warning of the trigger of a landslide event. The use of the smart extenso-inclinometer within an early warning system for slow-moving landslides holds immense potential for reducing the impact of landslide events.展开更多
COMPUTATIONAL experiments method is an essential tool for analyzing,designing,managing,and integrating complex systems.However,a significant challenge arises in constructing agents with human-like characteristics to f...COMPUTATIONAL experiments method is an essential tool for analyzing,designing,managing,and integrating complex systems.However,a significant challenge arises in constructing agents with human-like characteristics to form an AI society.Agent modeling typically encompasses four levels:1)The autonomy features of agents,e.g.,perception,behavior,and decision-making;2)The evolutionary features of agents,e.g.,bounded rationality,heterogeneity,and learning evolution;3)The social features of agents,e.g.,interaction,cooperation,and competition;4)The emergent features of agents,e.g.,gaming with environments or regulatory strategies.Traditional modeling techniques primarily derive from ABMs(Agent-based Models)and incorporate various emerging technologies(e.g.,machine learning,big data,and social networks),which can enhance modeling capabilities,while amplifying the complexity[1].展开更多
High-pressure and high-temperature(HPHT)experiments in large-volume presses(LVPs)benefit from reliable,available,and affordable heaters to achieve stable and homogeneous heating and,in some circumstances,X-ray transpa...High-pressure and high-temperature(HPHT)experiments in large-volume presses(LVPs)benefit from reliable,available,and affordable heaters to achieve stable and homogeneous heating and,in some circumstances,X-ray transparency for monitoring of properties of an in situ experiment using X-ray diffraction and contrast imaging techniques.We have developed heaters meeting the above requirements,and we screen the ternary system TiB2–SiC–hexagonal(h)BN(denoted as TSB)to enable manufacture of X-ray transparent heaters for HPHT runs.Heaters fabricated using optimized TSB-631(60%TiB2–30%SiC–10%hBN by weight)have been tested in modified truncated assemblies,showing excellent performance up to 22 GPa and 2395 K in HPHT runs.TSB-631 has good ceramic machinability,outstanding reproducibility,high stability,and negligible temperature gradient for runs at 3–7 GPa with cell assemblies with truncated edge lengths of 8–12 mm.The fabricated heaters not only show excellent performance in HPHT runs,but also demonstrate high X-ray transparency over a wide X-ray wavelength region,indicating potential applications for in situ X-ray diffraction/imaging under HPHT conditions in LVPs and other high-pressure apparatus.展开更多
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with high-throughput experimentation (HTE) techniques is revolutionizing catalyst design, addressing challenges in efficiency, cost, and scalability. This review explore...The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with high-throughput experimentation (HTE) techniques is revolutionizing catalyst design, addressing challenges in efficiency, cost, and scalability. This review explores the synergistic application of AI and HTE, highlighting their role in accelerating catalyst discovery, optimizing reaction parameters, and understanding structure-performance relationships. HTE facilitates the rapid preparation, characterization, and evaluation of diverse catalyst formulations, generating large datasets essential for AI model training. Machine learning algorithms, including regression models, neural networks, and active learning frameworks, analyze these datasets to uncover the underlying relationships between the data, predict performance, and optimize experimental workflows in real-time. Case studies across heterogeneous, homogeneous, and electrocatalysis demonstrate significant advancements, including improved reaction selectivity, enhanced material stability, and shorten discovery cycles. The integration of AI with HTE has significantly accelerated discovery cycles, enabling the optimization of catalyst formulations and reaction conditions. Despite these achievements, challenges remain, including reliance on researcher expertise, real-time adaptability, and the complexity of large-scale data analysis. Addressing these limitations through refined experimental protocols, standardized datasets, and interpretable AI models will unlock the full potential of AI-HTE integration.展开更多
The upper bound on the model error will be decreased when the mean square error and the maximum distance deviation are sufficiently small in the uniform designs for mixture experiments and the design is more robust fo...The upper bound on the model error will be decreased when the mean square error and the maximum distance deviation are sufficiently small in the uniform designs for mixture experiments and the design is more robust for the model.However,the analytical expressions of MSED and MD are currently only available in the hypercube,but both types of deviations in other studies are just approximations.Although it can obtain good approximations in the low-dimensional case,the calculation will be more complicated for an experiment with more variables.Therefore,in this paper,an algorithm based on lattice point partitioning design is proposed to obtain the analytical expression of the MSED and MD in the region covered by the lattice points.Furthermore,the design’s optimality is considered and illustrated by examples under the same uniformity.展开更多
With the increasing development of deepburied engineering projects,rockburst disasters have become a frequent concern.Studies have indicated that tunnel diameter is a critical factor influencing the occurrence of rock...With the increasing development of deepburied engineering projects,rockburst disasters have become a frequent concern.Studies have indicated that tunnel diameter is a critical factor influencing the occurrence of rockbursts.To investigate the influence of tunnel diameter on the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock,large-sized rocklike gypsum specimens were tested using a selfdeveloped true triaxial rockburst loading system containing circular tunnels with three different diameters(D=0.07 m,0.11 m,and 0.15 m).Acoustic emission monitoring,together with a miniature intelligent camera,was employed to analyze the entire process,focusing on macroscopic failure patterns,fragment characteristics,and underlying failure mechanisms.In addition,theoretical analyses were carried out and combined with numerical simulations to investigate the differences in energy evolution associated with rockburst physical models.The results indicate that:(1)The rockburst process with different tunnel diameters consistently evolved through three distinct stages—initial particle ejection,crack propagation accompanied by flake spalling,and,finally,fragment ejection leading to the formation of a‘V'-shaped notch.(2)Increasing tunnel diameter reduces rockburst failure load while increasing surrounding rock damage extent,total mass and average size of ejected fragments.Additionally,shear failure proportion decreases with tensile failure becoming increasingly dominant.(3)Larger tunnel diameters reduce the attenuation rate of elastic strain energy,thereby expanding the zone of elastic strain energy accumulation and disturbance and creating conditions for larger volume rockburst.(4)Larger tunnel diameters result in a smaller principal stress ratio at equivalent distances in the surrounding rock,indicating a higher likelihood of tensile failure.(5)Numerical analyses further reveal that larger tunnel diameters reduce the maximum elastic strain energy density around the tunnel,lowering the energy released per unit volume of rockburst fragments and their ejection velocities.However,both the total failure volume and overall energy release from rockburst increase.Model experiments with different tunnel diameters are of great significance for optimizing engineering design and parameter selection,as well as guiding tunnel construction under complex geological conditions.展开更多
The quantity of space debris on Earth orbit has escalated tremendously in recent years, presenting a significant hazard to human space operations. It is urgent to develop effective measures to capture and remove vario...The quantity of space debris on Earth orbit has escalated tremendously in recent years, presenting a significant hazard to human space operations. It is urgent to develop effective measures to capture and remove various space debris. For this purpose, this paper presents a tendon-actuated flexible deployable manipulator. The flexible manipulator consists of several deployable units connected by Cardan joints and actuated by tendons. Compared with the present technologies for capturing space debris such as rigid robotic arm or flying net, this flexible manipulator is deployable, reusable, lightweight and applicable to the capture of large space debris. In order to investigate its deployment dynamics, an accurate dynamic model of the flexible manipulator is established based on the natural coordinate formulation (NCF) and the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF). Subsequently, numerical simulations are carried out to study the effects of system parameters and the base satellite on its deployment dynamics. Finally, ground experiments for both deployment and bending of the flexible manipulator are conducted to verify its effectiveness and feasibility.展开更多
Animal adaptation to environmental challenges is a complex process involving intricate interactions between the host genotype and gut microbiome composition.The gut microbiome,highly responsive to external environment...Animal adaptation to environmental challenges is a complex process involving intricate interactions between the host genotype and gut microbiome composition.The gut microbiome,highly responsive to external environmental factors,plays a crucial role in host adaptability and may facilitate local adaptation within species.Concurrently,the genetic background of host populations influences gut microbiome composition,highlighting the bidirectional relationship between host and microbiome.Despite this,our understanding of gut microbiome plasticity and its role in host adaptability remains limited,particularly in reptiles.To clarify this issue,we conducted a reciprocal translocation experiment with gravid females of the Qinghai toad-headed lizards(Phrynocephalus vlangalii)between high-altitude(2?600 m a.s.l.)and superhigh-altitude(3?600 m a.s.l.)environments on Dangjin Mountain of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,China.One year later,we assessed the phenotypes and gut microbiomes of their offspring.Results revealed significant plasticity in gut microbiome diversity and structure in response to contrasting elevations.Highaltitude conditions increased diversity,and maternal effects appeared to enable high-altitude lizards to maintain elevated diversity when exposed to superhigh-altitude environments.Additionally,superhigh-altitude lizards displayed distinct gut microbiome structures with notable host specificity,potentially linked to their lower growth rates.Overall,these findings underscore the importance of the gut microbiome in facilitating reptilian adaptation to rapid environmental changes across altitudinal gradients.Furthermore,this study provides critical insights into microbial mechanisms underpinning local adaptation and adaptative plasticity,offering a foundation for future research on host-microbiome interactions in evolutionary and ecological contexts.展开更多
This paper investigates the effect of the angle-of-attack(AOA)on the windward boundary-layer stability over a blunt cone with a nose radius of 5 mm.We consider a free-stream Mach number of 6 and a unit Reynolds number...This paper investigates the effect of the angle-of-attack(AOA)on the windward boundary-layer stability over a blunt cone with a nose radius of 5 mm.We consider a free-stream Mach number of 6 and a unit Reynolds number of 4.0×10^(7) m^(−1) and conduct both wind-tunnel experiments and stability analyses for AOAs ranging from 2°-10° at intervals of 2°.The results suggest that,as the AOA increases,the pressure gradient across the spanwise range becomes more pronounced,and the windward-side boundary layer becomes thinner.Using bi-global stability analysis,two unstable three-dimensional modes(varicose and sinuous)are identified in the windward boundary layer at various AOAs.The most unstable mode is the varicose V1 mode,in which the amplitude peak is initially close to the windward centerline and gradually shifts to the centerline downstream.Hence,the primary unstable disturbance exhibits a“V-like”distribution along the streamwise direction,which is likely to cause the V-shaped transition front observed in the wind-tunnel experiments.The eN method based on bi-global analysis is used to predict the transition location along the centerline on the windward region of the cone.The results indicate that,as the AOA increases,the transition location shifts forward,in line with our experimental results.Moreover,linear stability theory accurately predicts the eigenfunction and growth rate of the V1 mode obtained from bi-global analysis.This indicates that linear stability theory can be used to predict transitions in the windward boundary layer of a blunt cone at large AOAs under the conditions studied in this paper.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the preference characteristics and relative importance of each core factor in the teaching program for undergraduate nursing students during clinical practice,and to provide empirical support ...Objective:To investigate the preference characteristics and relative importance of each core factor in the teaching program for undergraduate nursing students during clinical practice,and to provide empirical support for the creation of a student-centered,formalized clinical teaching system that meets the actual needs of nursing students.Methods:The quantitative research method of discrete choice experiment was adopted,and the questionnaire was designed based on the random utility theory.Through a systematic literature review,semi-structured interviews,and two rounds of Delphi expert consultations,six core attributes of the instructor,namely educational qualifications,teaching methods,frequency of individualized guidance,operational practice opportunities,feedback timeliness,and instructor title,and their corresponding levels were determined.The study period was from January 2024 to January 2025,and 158 undergraduate nursing students who chose to intern at Deyang People’s Hospital were selected as the research subjects.A survey tool with 12 choice sets was created using Ngene software,and then statistical analysis was performed on the obtained data using the conditional Logit model to measure the impact of each attribute on the choice behavior of nursing students.Results:The results showed that the conditional Logit model fitted well(likelihood ratio chi-square=85.32,p<0.001).The analysis results indicated that the most important teaching attributes for undergraduate nursing students were,in order:the academic qualifications of the teaching instructor(master vs.Junior college,β=0.42,p<0.01),individualized guidance frequency(daily vs.Weekly,β=0.38,p<0.01),operational practice opportunities(more vs.less,β=0.31,p<0.05),and the timeliness of feedback(timely versus delayed,β=0.29,p<0.05).The influence of the title of the instructor was not statistically significant(p>0.05).Conclusion:Undergraduate nursing students show a clear and systematic preference structure for clinical teaching,with a high expectation of frequent personalized guidance from highly educated teachers,as well as sufficient operational opportunities and timely teaching feedback.展开更多
Objective:To screen and identify the key active molecules,signaling pathways,and therapeutic targets of Shuxuening(SXN)injection for treating liver cirrhosis(LC)and to evaluate its therapeutic potential using a mouse ...Objective:To screen and identify the key active molecules,signaling pathways,and therapeutic targets of Shuxuening(SXN)injection for treating liver cirrhosis(LC)and to evaluate its therapeutic potential using a mouse model.Methods:Target genes of SXN and LC were retrieved from public databases,and enrichment analysis was performed.A proteineprotein interaction(PPI)network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING),and hub genes were identified using Molecular Complex Detection(MCODE).LC was induced in rats and mice via intraperitoneal injections of diethylnitrosamine and carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)for 12 weeks.Starting at week 7,SXN was administered intraperitoneally to the mice in the treatment group.Serum and liver tissues of the mice were collected for the detection of indicators,pathological staining,and expression analysis of hub targets using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Results:We identified 368 overlapping genes(OLGs)between SXN and LC targets.These OLGs were subsequently used to build a PPI network and to screen for hub genes.Enrichment analysis showed that these genes were associated with cancer-related pathways,including phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and various cellular processes,such as responses to chemicals and metabolic regulation.In vivo experiments demonstrated that SXN treatment significantly improved liver function and pathology in CCl4-induced LC mice by reducing inflammation and collagen deposition.Furthermore,qRT-PCR demonstrated that SXN regulated the expression of MAPK8,AR and CASP3 in the livers of LC mice.Conclusion:This study highlighted the therapeutic effects of SXN in alleviating LC using both bioinformatics and experimental methods.The observed effect was associated with modulation of hub gene expression,particularly MAPK8,and CASP3.展开更多
Acoustic waves in the pseudo-triaxial experiment system experience refraction phenomena.The conventional assumption that acoustic waves propagate along a straight line in traditional methods can lead to significant er...Acoustic waves in the pseudo-triaxial experiment system experience refraction phenomena.The conventional assumption that acoustic waves propagate along a straight line in traditional methods can lead to significant errors in localization results.To the end,this paper presents a method for locating acoustic emission(AE)sources in pseudo-triaxial experiments using shortest paths and orthogonal constraints.The approach consists of three main steps:(1)establishing control equations for refraction paths from AE sources to sensor locations;(2)calculating refraction point locations using the shortest travel principle and orthogonal constraints;(3)determining source coordinates using Taylor's first-order expansion.The results from laboratory AE experiments demonstrate that the average localization accuracy of the new method is only 6.5 mm,which is 66%more precise than the accuracy(19.4 mm)of the traditional method.Furthermore,simulation results indicate that the new method is not affected by the refraction ratio of the media and maintains the highest positioning accuracy across various arrival and velocity errors.展开更多
In this study,the hydraulic behavior and sand transport efficiency of the siphon automatic sand discharge device were studied by software simulation tests.By simulating the actual situation,this study analyzed how fac...In this study,the hydraulic behavior and sand transport efficiency of the siphon automatic sand discharge device were studied by software simulation tests.By simulating the actual situation,this study analyzed how factors such as the difference in water level,sediment concentration,and pipeline layout affected the sediment discharge effect.The results show that the sediment discharge device can effectively discharge sediment under diverse operating conditions and show adaptability to different environmental conditions,which indicates that it is suitable for various types of reservoir environments.展开更多
The existing deep-sea sediment plume tests are mostly under small-scale static water and rarely under large-scale flowing water conditions.In this study,large-scale tank experiments of flowing water were designed and ...The existing deep-sea sediment plume tests are mostly under small-scale static water and rarely under large-scale flowing water conditions.In this study,large-scale tank experiments of flowing water were designed and conducted to investigate the morphological characteristics and concentration evolution of the sediment plumes under different discharge rates(Q)and initial sediment concentrations(c).Viscosity tests,resuspension tests and free settling tests of the sediment solution with different c values were performed to reveal the settling mechanism of the plume diffusion process.The results show that the plume diffusion morphology variation in flowing water has four stages and the plume concentration evolution has three stages.The larger the Q,the smaller the initial incidence angle at the discharge outlet,the larger the diffusion range,the poorer the stability and the more complicated the diffusion morphology.The larger the c,the larger the settling velocity,the faster the formation of high-concentration accumulation zone,the better the stability and the clearer the diffusion boundary.The research results could provide experimental data for assessing the impact of deep-sea mining on the ocean environment.展开更多
Sm–Co-based films play an irreplaceable role in special applications due to their high curie temperature and magnetocrystalline anisotropic energy,especially in heat-assisted magnetic recording(HAMR),but the complex ...Sm–Co-based films play an irreplaceable role in special applications due to their high curie temperature and magnetocrystalline anisotropic energy,especially in heat-assisted magnetic recording(HAMR),but the complex composition of Sm–Co phase and unclear synergistic coupling mechanisms of multi-elemental doping become the challenges to enhance the properties.In this work,a novel strategy combining magnetron sputtering and a high-throughput experiment method is applied to solve the above-mentioned problems.Fe/Cu co-doping highly increases the remanence while maintaining a coercivity larger than 26 kOe,leading to an enhancement of the magnetic energy product to 18.1 MGOe.X-ray diffraction(XRD)and high-resolution transmission electron microscope(HRTEM)reveals that SmCo_(5) phase occupies the major fraction,with Co atoms partially substituted by Fe and Cu atoms.In situ Lorentz transmission electron microscopy(LTEM)observations show that the Sm(Co,Cu)5 phase effectively prohibits domain wall motions,leading to an increase of coercivity(H_(c)).Fe doping increases the low saturation magnetization(M_(s))and low remanence(Mr)due to the Fe atom having a higher saturation magnetic moment.The magnetization reversal behaviors are further verified by micromagnetic simulations.Our results suggest that Sm–Co-based films prepared via Fe/Cu co-doping could be a promising candidate for high-performed HAMR in the future.展开更多
Reusable and flexible capturing of space debris is highly required in future aerospace technologies.A tendon-actuated flexible robotic arm is therefore proposed for capturing floating targets in this paper.Firstly,an ...Reusable and flexible capturing of space debris is highly required in future aerospace technologies.A tendon-actuated flexible robotic arm is therefore proposed for capturing floating targets in this paper.Firstly,an accurate dynamic model of the flexible robotic arm is established by using the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)in the framework of the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian(ALE)description and the natural coordinate formulation(NCF).The contact and self-contact dynamics of the flexible robotic arm when bending and grasping an object are considered via a fast contact detection approach.Then,the dynamic simulations of the flexible robotic arm for capturing floating targets are carried out to study the influence of the position,size,and mass of the target object on the grasping performance.Finally,a principle prototype of the tendon-actuated flexible robotic arm is manufactured to validate the dynamic model.The corresponding grasping experiments for objects of various shapes are also conducted to illustrate the excellent performance of the flexible robotic arm.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant Nos.52378543,52378544 and 52408525the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Grant No.LH2024E119。
文摘On December 18,2023,a magnitude 6.2 earthquake struck Jishishan County,Gansu Province,triggering a liquefaction-induced flow slide along the loess-mudstone contact zone and causing significant casualties and property losses.The event featured low-slope,large-scale,runout distance sliding and exhibited a clear cascading disaster chain.Its characteristics closely resemble the catastrophic mudflow at the nearby Lajia Ruins approximately 4,000 years ago.Using high-resolution oblique photogrammetry,cone penetration testing,surface wave analysis,and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio methods,this study examines the stratigraphy,groundwater conditions,and geomechanical properties of the affected zone.Results indicate that saturated loess overlying impermeable mudstone formed a high-moisture mass vulnerable to seismic disturbance.Seismic resonance triggered the liquefaction of weakly structured loess,which slide along the contact interface and evolved into a runout distance mudflow.Underground water and terrain modification created a composite weak zone of saturated loess and softened mudstone,which intensified the disaster chain-from earthquake to liquefaction,flow slide,and mudflow.This study contributes to the understanding of deep-seated liquefaction-flow slide disasters,thereby advancing more effective risk mitigation strategies in the Loess Plateau and comparable loess-covered seismic regions.
文摘A spice formulation study in Burkina Faso was carried out using local ingredients for the benefit of households. The objective of this study was to propose some spice formulations based on local ingredients in order to reduce the use of chemical spices in the preparation of different dishes. The Design of Experiments (DOE) methodology was used for the formulation of the spices and their physicochemical, nutritional and sensory characteristics were evaluated by standardized and standard methods. The results obtained showed lipid contents (g/100 g DM) ranging from 10.41 ± 0.26 to 15.64 ± 0.68, total sugars from 4.39 ± 0.32 to 5.46 ± 0.31, protein from 3.65 ± 0.17 to 12.04 ± 0.35 and ash from 5.83 ± 0.01 to 7.02 ± 0.01. The polyphenol content ranged from 9.09 ± 1.60 to 11.33 ± 0.90, and the flavonoid content ranged from 0.65 ± 0.03 to 1.08 ± 0.13. The sensory analysis carried out showed that the spices have generally satisfactory organoleptic characteristics. These results constitute new information in the diet of populations and are an alternative to the chemical spices used in their cooking.
基金supported financially by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3403000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22378231)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2024A1515012493)。
文摘The efficacy of photodynamic therapy(PDT)for breast tumors is hindered by challenges such as inadequate tumor targeting,limited treatment depth,and strong oxygen dependence.Herein,a promising photosensitizer VP-B was developed to simultaneously address all the aforementioned issues for the treatment of hypoxic deep-seated breast tumors.The biotinylated photosensitizer VP-B not only exhibited precise targeting towards breast tumor tissue,but also efficiently triggered the generation of abundant1O2and O2-·under 690 nm red light irradiation.Indeed,the red light penetration ability enabled VP-B to achieve successful application in a mouse orthotopic breast tumor model.After intravenous administration,VP-B can selectively target tumor tissues and significantly inhibit the growth of hypoxic deep-seated tumors.Therefore,this new typeⅠ&Ⅱphotosensitizer could boost fluorescence-guided photodynamic therapy of other hypoxic solid tumors.
基金financially supported by Jiangsu Province University(High Tech Ship)Collaborative Innovation Center(Grant No.XTCXKY20230008).
文摘In this work,the selected icebreaker model experiment is performed in a towing tank.We focus on the influence of seawater salinity on ship ice resistance in the ice floe field and the innovative ice model and ship model test technology,including the similitude rule of ship model tests,test principles,and validation with full-scale ship data.A formula for calculating the relationship between the temperature and salinity of the water is constructed,which can be used to simulate the role of seawater in freshwater ice pools.On this basis,the effect of salinity on the resistance of ships sailing in broken ice fields is studied.A technique in which artificial ice made of polyethylene spheres is used to simulate ice resistance is proposed.With a series of ship model experiments in spherical and triangular ice fields,the effects of salinity and velocity on the ice resistance test of the ship model are analyzed.A relationship of the ice resistance of the ship model to the spherical ice field and the triangular ice field is proposed.The conversion results are consistent with onsite data of the full-size ship,which verifies the method of converting the test results of the ship model to the prototype.
基金supported by Universita della Campania“L.Vanvitelli”,Program VALERE“VAnviteLli pEr la RicErca”(Grant No.516/2018)Italian Ministry of Economic Development#NOACRONYM Project,PoC MISE 2021.
文摘Extensive urban areas worldwide face significant landslide hazards, impacting inhabitants, buildings, and critical infrastructures alike. In the case of slow-moving deep-seated landslides involving huge areas and characterized by complex patterns, when the cost of repairing infrastructures, relocating communities, and restoring cultural sites might be such that it is unsustainable for the community, the exposed structures require significant effort for their surveillance and protection, which can be supported by the development of innovative monitoring systems. For this purpose, a smart extenso-inclinometer, realized by equipping a conventional inclinometer tube with distributed strain and temperature transducers based on optical fiber sensing technology, is presented. In situ monitoring of the active deep-seated San Nicola landslide in Centola (Campania, southern Italy) demonstrated its ability to capture the main features of movements and reconstruct a tridimensional evolution of the landslide pattern, even when the entity of both vertical and horizontal soil strain components is comparable. Although further tests are needed to definitively ascertain the extensometer function of the new device, by interpreting the strain profiles of the landslide body and identifying the achievement of predetermined thresholds, this system could provide a warning of the trigger of a landslide event. The use of the smart extenso-inclinometer within an early warning system for slow-moving landslides holds immense potential for reducing the impact of landslide events.
基金supported in part by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0900800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62472306,62441221,62206116)+2 种基金Tianjin University’s 2024 Special Project on Disciplinary Development(XKJS-2024-5-9)Tianjin University Talent Innovation Reward Program for Literature&Science Graduate Student(C1-2022-010)Shanxi Province Social Science Foundation(2020F002).
文摘COMPUTATIONAL experiments method is an essential tool for analyzing,designing,managing,and integrating complex systems.However,a significant challenge arises in constructing agents with human-like characteristics to form an AI society.Agent modeling typically encompasses four levels:1)The autonomy features of agents,e.g.,perception,behavior,and decision-making;2)The evolutionary features of agents,e.g.,bounded rationality,heterogeneity,and learning evolution;3)The social features of agents,e.g.,interaction,cooperation,and competition;4)The emergent features of agents,e.g.,gaming with environments or regulatory strategies.Traditional modeling techniques primarily derive from ABMs(Agent-based Models)and incorporate various emerging technologies(e.g.,machine learning,big data,and social networks),which can enhance modeling capabilities,while amplifying the complexity[1].
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22090041 and 22401297)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2022B1515120014).
文摘High-pressure and high-temperature(HPHT)experiments in large-volume presses(LVPs)benefit from reliable,available,and affordable heaters to achieve stable and homogeneous heating and,in some circumstances,X-ray transparency for monitoring of properties of an in situ experiment using X-ray diffraction and contrast imaging techniques.We have developed heaters meeting the above requirements,and we screen the ternary system TiB2–SiC–hexagonal(h)BN(denoted as TSB)to enable manufacture of X-ray transparent heaters for HPHT runs.Heaters fabricated using optimized TSB-631(60%TiB2–30%SiC–10%hBN by weight)have been tested in modified truncated assemblies,showing excellent performance up to 22 GPa and 2395 K in HPHT runs.TSB-631 has good ceramic machinability,outstanding reproducibility,high stability,and negligible temperature gradient for runs at 3–7 GPa with cell assemblies with truncated edge lengths of 8–12 mm.The fabricated heaters not only show excellent performance in HPHT runs,but also demonstrate high X-ray transparency over a wide X-ray wavelength region,indicating potential applications for in situ X-ray diffraction/imaging under HPHT conditions in LVPs and other high-pressure apparatus.
基金supported by the Special Project of National Natural Science Foundation(42341204)the the National Natural Science Foundation of China(W2411009).
文摘The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with high-throughput experimentation (HTE) techniques is revolutionizing catalyst design, addressing challenges in efficiency, cost, and scalability. This review explores the synergistic application of AI and HTE, highlighting their role in accelerating catalyst discovery, optimizing reaction parameters, and understanding structure-performance relationships. HTE facilitates the rapid preparation, characterization, and evaluation of diverse catalyst formulations, generating large datasets essential for AI model training. Machine learning algorithms, including regression models, neural networks, and active learning frameworks, analyze these datasets to uncover the underlying relationships between the data, predict performance, and optimize experimental workflows in real-time. Case studies across heterogeneous, homogeneous, and electrocatalysis demonstrate significant advancements, including improved reaction selectivity, enhanced material stability, and shorten discovery cycles. The integration of AI with HTE has significantly accelerated discovery cycles, enabling the optimization of catalyst formulations and reaction conditions. Despite these achievements, challenges remain, including reliance on researcher expertise, real-time adaptability, and the complexity of large-scale data analysis. Addressing these limitations through refined experimental protocols, standardized datasets, and interpretable AI models will unlock the full potential of AI-HTE integration.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Fund for Basic Research of Guizhou Province([2020]1Y010)National Nature Sciences Foundation of China(11901260,12071096,12501342)Specialized Fund for the Doctoral Development of Kaili University(BS202502028)。
文摘The upper bound on the model error will be decreased when the mean square error and the maximum distance deviation are sufficiently small in the uniform designs for mixture experiments and the design is more robust for the model.However,the analytical expressions of MSED and MD are currently only available in the hypercube,but both types of deviations in other studies are just approximations.Although it can obtain good approximations in the low-dimensional case,the calculation will be more complicated for an experiment with more variables.Therefore,in this paper,an algorithm based on lattice point partitioning design is proposed to obtain the analytical expression of the MSED and MD in the region covered by the lattice points.Furthermore,the design’s optimality is considered and illustrated by examples under the same uniformity.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42077228,52174085)。
文摘With the increasing development of deepburied engineering projects,rockburst disasters have become a frequent concern.Studies have indicated that tunnel diameter is a critical factor influencing the occurrence of rockbursts.To investigate the influence of tunnel diameter on the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock,large-sized rocklike gypsum specimens were tested using a selfdeveloped true triaxial rockburst loading system containing circular tunnels with three different diameters(D=0.07 m,0.11 m,and 0.15 m).Acoustic emission monitoring,together with a miniature intelligent camera,was employed to analyze the entire process,focusing on macroscopic failure patterns,fragment characteristics,and underlying failure mechanisms.In addition,theoretical analyses were carried out and combined with numerical simulations to investigate the differences in energy evolution associated with rockburst physical models.The results indicate that:(1)The rockburst process with different tunnel diameters consistently evolved through three distinct stages—initial particle ejection,crack propagation accompanied by flake spalling,and,finally,fragment ejection leading to the formation of a‘V'-shaped notch.(2)Increasing tunnel diameter reduces rockburst failure load while increasing surrounding rock damage extent,total mass and average size of ejected fragments.Additionally,shear failure proportion decreases with tensile failure becoming increasingly dominant.(3)Larger tunnel diameters reduce the attenuation rate of elastic strain energy,thereby expanding the zone of elastic strain energy accumulation and disturbance and creating conditions for larger volume rockburst.(4)Larger tunnel diameters result in a smaller principal stress ratio at equivalent distances in the surrounding rock,indicating a higher likelihood of tensile failure.(5)Numerical analyses further reveal that larger tunnel diameters reduce the maximum elastic strain energy density around the tunnel,lowering the energy released per unit volume of rockburst fragments and their ejection velocities.However,both the total failure volume and overall energy release from rockburst increase.Model experiments with different tunnel diameters are of great significance for optimizing engineering design and parameter selection,as well as guiding tunnel construction under complex geological conditions.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11832005,12372042,12232011)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2022QNRC001)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.NS2023002)State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures(Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics)(No.MCAS-S-0223K04).
文摘The quantity of space debris on Earth orbit has escalated tremendously in recent years, presenting a significant hazard to human space operations. It is urgent to develop effective measures to capture and remove various space debris. For this purpose, this paper presents a tendon-actuated flexible deployable manipulator. The flexible manipulator consists of several deployable units connected by Cardan joints and actuated by tendons. Compared with the present technologies for capturing space debris such as rigid robotic arm or flying net, this flexible manipulator is deployable, reusable, lightweight and applicable to the capture of large space debris. In order to investigate its deployment dynamics, an accurate dynamic model of the flexible manipulator is established based on the natural coordinate formulation (NCF) and the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF). Subsequently, numerical simulations are carried out to study the effects of system parameters and the base satellite on its deployment dynamics. Finally, ground experiments for both deployment and bending of the flexible manipulator are conducted to verify its effectiveness and feasibility.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31861143023,31872252)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA20050201)。
文摘Animal adaptation to environmental challenges is a complex process involving intricate interactions between the host genotype and gut microbiome composition.The gut microbiome,highly responsive to external environmental factors,plays a crucial role in host adaptability and may facilitate local adaptation within species.Concurrently,the genetic background of host populations influences gut microbiome composition,highlighting the bidirectional relationship between host and microbiome.Despite this,our understanding of gut microbiome plasticity and its role in host adaptability remains limited,particularly in reptiles.To clarify this issue,we conducted a reciprocal translocation experiment with gravid females of the Qinghai toad-headed lizards(Phrynocephalus vlangalii)between high-altitude(2?600 m a.s.l.)and superhigh-altitude(3?600 m a.s.l.)environments on Dangjin Mountain of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,China.One year later,we assessed the phenotypes and gut microbiomes of their offspring.Results revealed significant plasticity in gut microbiome diversity and structure in response to contrasting elevations.Highaltitude conditions increased diversity,and maternal effects appeared to enable high-altitude lizards to maintain elevated diversity when exposed to superhigh-altitude environments.Additionally,superhigh-altitude lizards displayed distinct gut microbiome structures with notable host specificity,potentially linked to their lower growth rates.Overall,these findings underscore the importance of the gut microbiome in facilitating reptilian adaptation to rapid environmental changes across altitudinal gradients.Furthermore,this study provides critical insights into microbial mechanisms underpinning local adaptation and adaptative plasticity,offering a foundation for future research on host-microbiome interactions in evolutionary and ecological contexts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.92052301)the National Numerical Wind-tunnel Project(NNW).
文摘This paper investigates the effect of the angle-of-attack(AOA)on the windward boundary-layer stability over a blunt cone with a nose radius of 5 mm.We consider a free-stream Mach number of 6 and a unit Reynolds number of 4.0×10^(7) m^(−1) and conduct both wind-tunnel experiments and stability analyses for AOAs ranging from 2°-10° at intervals of 2°.The results suggest that,as the AOA increases,the pressure gradient across the spanwise range becomes more pronounced,and the windward-side boundary layer becomes thinner.Using bi-global stability analysis,two unstable three-dimensional modes(varicose and sinuous)are identified in the windward boundary layer at various AOAs.The most unstable mode is the varicose V1 mode,in which the amplitude peak is initially close to the windward centerline and gradually shifts to the centerline downstream.Hence,the primary unstable disturbance exhibits a“V-like”distribution along the streamwise direction,which is likely to cause the V-shaped transition front observed in the wind-tunnel experiments.The eN method based on bi-global analysis is used to predict the transition location along the centerline on the windward region of the cone.The results indicate that,as the AOA increases,the transition location shifts forward,in line with our experimental results.Moreover,linear stability theory accurately predicts the eigenfunction and growth rate of the V1 mode obtained from bi-global analysis.This indicates that linear stability theory can be used to predict transitions in the windward boundary layer of a blunt cone at large AOAs under the conditions studied in this paper.
基金Teaching Reform Research Project at Southwest Medical University(Project No.:JG2023jdyb034)Humanities and Social Sciences Research Project at Sichuan Vocational College of Nursing(Project No.:2022RWSY45)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the preference characteristics and relative importance of each core factor in the teaching program for undergraduate nursing students during clinical practice,and to provide empirical support for the creation of a student-centered,formalized clinical teaching system that meets the actual needs of nursing students.Methods:The quantitative research method of discrete choice experiment was adopted,and the questionnaire was designed based on the random utility theory.Through a systematic literature review,semi-structured interviews,and two rounds of Delphi expert consultations,six core attributes of the instructor,namely educational qualifications,teaching methods,frequency of individualized guidance,operational practice opportunities,feedback timeliness,and instructor title,and their corresponding levels were determined.The study period was from January 2024 to January 2025,and 158 undergraduate nursing students who chose to intern at Deyang People’s Hospital were selected as the research subjects.A survey tool with 12 choice sets was created using Ngene software,and then statistical analysis was performed on the obtained data using the conditional Logit model to measure the impact of each attribute on the choice behavior of nursing students.Results:The results showed that the conditional Logit model fitted well(likelihood ratio chi-square=85.32,p<0.001).The analysis results indicated that the most important teaching attributes for undergraduate nursing students were,in order:the academic qualifications of the teaching instructor(master vs.Junior college,β=0.42,p<0.01),individualized guidance frequency(daily vs.Weekly,β=0.38,p<0.01),operational practice opportunities(more vs.less,β=0.31,p<0.05),and the timeliness of feedback(timely versus delayed,β=0.29,p<0.05).The influence of the title of the instructor was not statistically significant(p>0.05).Conclusion:Undergraduate nursing students show a clear and systematic preference structure for clinical teaching,with a high expectation of frequent personalized guidance from highly educated teachers,as well as sufficient operational opportunities and timely teaching feedback.
基金Our study was funded by the Clinical Research Special Fund of Wu Jieping Medical Foundation(320.6750.2022-25-8)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Cornell University(2024-JYBXJSJJ042 and 2024-JYB-JBZD-058).
文摘Objective:To screen and identify the key active molecules,signaling pathways,and therapeutic targets of Shuxuening(SXN)injection for treating liver cirrhosis(LC)and to evaluate its therapeutic potential using a mouse model.Methods:Target genes of SXN and LC were retrieved from public databases,and enrichment analysis was performed.A proteineprotein interaction(PPI)network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING),and hub genes were identified using Molecular Complex Detection(MCODE).LC was induced in rats and mice via intraperitoneal injections of diethylnitrosamine and carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)for 12 weeks.Starting at week 7,SXN was administered intraperitoneally to the mice in the treatment group.Serum and liver tissues of the mice were collected for the detection of indicators,pathological staining,and expression analysis of hub targets using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).Results:We identified 368 overlapping genes(OLGs)between SXN and LC targets.These OLGs were subsequently used to build a PPI network and to screen for hub genes.Enrichment analysis showed that these genes were associated with cancer-related pathways,including phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and various cellular processes,such as responses to chemicals and metabolic regulation.In vivo experiments demonstrated that SXN treatment significantly improved liver function and pathology in CCl4-induced LC mice by reducing inflammation and collagen deposition.Furthermore,qRT-PCR demonstrated that SXN regulated the expression of MAPK8,AR and CASP3 in the livers of LC mice.Conclusion:This study highlighted the therapeutic effects of SXN in alleviating LC using both bioinformatics and experimental methods.The observed effect was associated with modulation of hub gene expression,particularly MAPK8,and CASP3.
基金the financial support provided by the National Key Research and Development Program for Young Scientists(Grant No.2021YFC2900400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52304123)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M730412).
文摘Acoustic waves in the pseudo-triaxial experiment system experience refraction phenomena.The conventional assumption that acoustic waves propagate along a straight line in traditional methods can lead to significant errors in localization results.To the end,this paper presents a method for locating acoustic emission(AE)sources in pseudo-triaxial experiments using shortest paths and orthogonal constraints.The approach consists of three main steps:(1)establishing control equations for refraction paths from AE sources to sensor locations;(2)calculating refraction point locations using the shortest travel principle and orthogonal constraints;(3)determining source coordinates using Taylor's first-order expansion.The results from laboratory AE experiments demonstrate that the average localization accuracy of the new method is only 6.5 mm,which is 66%more precise than the accuracy(19.4 mm)of the traditional method.Furthermore,simulation results indicate that the new method is not affected by the refraction ratio of the media and maintains the highest positioning accuracy across various arrival and velocity errors.
基金Supported by the National Undergraduate Innovation Training Program(Project No.202211437036).
文摘In this study,the hydraulic behavior and sand transport efficiency of the siphon automatic sand discharge device were studied by software simulation tests.By simulating the actual situation,this study analyzed how factors such as the difference in water level,sediment concentration,and pipeline layout affected the sediment discharge effect.The results show that the sediment discharge device can effectively discharge sediment under diverse operating conditions and show adaptability to different environmental conditions,which indicates that it is suitable for various types of reservoir environments.
基金supported by the Major Project of Hunan Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2021JC0010)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51274251)。
文摘The existing deep-sea sediment plume tests are mostly under small-scale static water and rarely under large-scale flowing water conditions.In this study,large-scale tank experiments of flowing water were designed and conducted to investigate the morphological characteristics and concentration evolution of the sediment plumes under different discharge rates(Q)and initial sediment concentrations(c).Viscosity tests,resuspension tests and free settling tests of the sediment solution with different c values were performed to reveal the settling mechanism of the plume diffusion process.The results show that the plume diffusion morphology variation in flowing water has four stages and the plume concentration evolution has three stages.The larger the Q,the smaller the initial incidence angle at the discharge outlet,the larger the diffusion range,the poorer the stability and the more complicated the diffusion morphology.The larger the c,the larger the settling velocity,the faster the formation of high-concentration accumulation zone,the better the stability and the clearer the diffusion boundary.The research results could provide experimental data for assessing the impact of deep-sea mining on the ocean environment.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB3505700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51901079)+4 种基金Guangdong Science and Technology Program(No.2023A0505050145)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2024A1515030178,2020A1515010736 and 2021A1515010451)Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Program(No.202007020008)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,the Opening Project of National Engineering Research Center for Powder Metallurgy of Titanium&Rare Metals,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Zhongshan Municipal Science and Technology Program(No.191007102629094)Zhongshan Collaborative Innovation Fund(No.2018C1001).
文摘Sm–Co-based films play an irreplaceable role in special applications due to their high curie temperature and magnetocrystalline anisotropic energy,especially in heat-assisted magnetic recording(HAMR),but the complex composition of Sm–Co phase and unclear synergistic coupling mechanisms of multi-elemental doping become the challenges to enhance the properties.In this work,a novel strategy combining magnetron sputtering and a high-throughput experiment method is applied to solve the above-mentioned problems.Fe/Cu co-doping highly increases the remanence while maintaining a coercivity larger than 26 kOe,leading to an enhancement of the magnetic energy product to 18.1 MGOe.X-ray diffraction(XRD)and high-resolution transmission electron microscope(HRTEM)reveals that SmCo_(5) phase occupies the major fraction,with Co atoms partially substituted by Fe and Cu atoms.In situ Lorentz transmission electron microscopy(LTEM)observations show that the Sm(Co,Cu)5 phase effectively prohibits domain wall motions,leading to an increase of coercivity(H_(c)).Fe doping increases the low saturation magnetization(M_(s))and low remanence(Mr)due to the Fe atom having a higher saturation magnetic moment.The magnetization reversal behaviors are further verified by micromagnetic simulations.Our results suggest that Sm–Co-based films prepared via Fe/Cu co-doping could be a promising candidate for high-performed HAMR in the future.
基金funded by the"14th Five-Year Plan"Civil Aerospace Pre-research Project of China(Grant No.D010301).
文摘Reusable and flexible capturing of space debris is highly required in future aerospace technologies.A tendon-actuated flexible robotic arm is therefore proposed for capturing floating targets in this paper.Firstly,an accurate dynamic model of the flexible robotic arm is established by using the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)in the framework of the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian(ALE)description and the natural coordinate formulation(NCF).The contact and self-contact dynamics of the flexible robotic arm when bending and grasping an object are considered via a fast contact detection approach.Then,the dynamic simulations of the flexible robotic arm for capturing floating targets are carried out to study the influence of the position,size,and mass of the target object on the grasping performance.Finally,a principle prototype of the tendon-actuated flexible robotic arm is manufactured to validate the dynamic model.The corresponding grasping experiments for objects of various shapes are also conducted to illustrate the excellent performance of the flexible robotic arm.
