A method of source depth estimation based on the multi-path time delay difference is proposed. When the minimum time arrivals in all receiver depths are snapped to a certain time on time delay-depth plane, time delay ...A method of source depth estimation based on the multi-path time delay difference is proposed. When the minimum time arrivals in all receiver depths are snapped to a certain time on time delay-depth plane, time delay arrivals of surface-bottom reflection and bottom-surface reflection intersect at the source depth. Two hydrophones deployed vertically with a certain interval are required at least. If the receiver depths are known, the pair of time delays can be used to estimate the source depth. With the proposed method the source depth can be estimated successfully in a moderate range in the deep ocean without complicated matched-field calculations in the simulations and experiments.展开更多
Regarding the lack of cold source for underground cooling systems from either mine inflow or return air, field experiments were taken in a high temperature deep coal mine with abundant cold source from surface water. ...Regarding the lack of cold source for underground cooling systems from either mine inflow or return air, field experiments were taken in a high temperature deep coal mine with abundant cold source from surface water. Taking Sanhejian coal mine as an example, this paper introduced the technology scheme of heat disaster governance using surface water cold source. The paper presents the basics of this field experiment at the beginning, following by the design and site layout of the cooling system including the analysis and calculation of cold source. Numerical calculation method is also applied based on the operation parameters to simulate the influence to the surface river ecosystem. The results suggest that the temperature of surface water shall be lower than 34 ℃ after heat exchange, and when more cooling capacities are needed in the future, increasing the water flow is more favorable than increasing the cooling range of water, which is better for the ecological environment protection,展开更多
Mianning-Dechang Himalayan REE Metallogenetic Belt in Sichuan Province lies along the western margin of the Yangtze Craton.We have conducted detailed mineralogical studies on ore minerals collected from Maoniuping and...Mianning-Dechang Himalayan REE Metallogenetic Belt in Sichuan Province lies along the western margin of the Yangtze Craton.We have conducted detailed mineralogical studies on ore minerals collected from Maoniuping and Dalucao,the two largest deposits in the belt.With optical microscope,SEM/EDS,and EPMA,three rare intermetallic minerals,i.e.,zinccopperite(Cu2Zn),Sn-bearing native copper,and Cu-bearing jupiter were found to occur in the main ore along with barite,fluorite,apatite,sulfide and bastnaesite.Since the conditions under which zinccopperite and Sn-bearing native copper formed are quite unique,finding of these minerals,for the first time in domestic REE deposits,has significant implications for the genesis of the ore deposits in which they occur.In comparison with Cu-Zn intermetallic minerals in other occurrences,we propose that the formation of this REE metallogenetic belt is associated with fast upwelling of the Himalayan magma from deep source.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11174235
文摘A method of source depth estimation based on the multi-path time delay difference is proposed. When the minimum time arrivals in all receiver depths are snapped to a certain time on time delay-depth plane, time delay arrivals of surface-bottom reflection and bottom-surface reflection intersect at the source depth. Two hydrophones deployed vertically with a certain interval are required at least. If the receiver depths are known, the pair of time delays can be used to estimate the source depth. With the proposed method the source depth can be estimated successfully in a moderate range in the deep ocean without complicated matched-field calculations in the simulations and experiments.
基金supported by the Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation‘‘Deep Heat Governance and Utilization’’(No.51134005)the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education(No.20120023120004)
文摘Regarding the lack of cold source for underground cooling systems from either mine inflow or return air, field experiments were taken in a high temperature deep coal mine with abundant cold source from surface water. Taking Sanhejian coal mine as an example, this paper introduced the technology scheme of heat disaster governance using surface water cold source. The paper presents the basics of this field experiment at the beginning, following by the design and site layout of the cooling system including the analysis and calculation of cold source. Numerical calculation method is also applied based on the operation parameters to simulate the influence to the surface river ecosystem. The results suggest that the temperature of surface water shall be lower than 34 ℃ after heat exchange, and when more cooling capacities are needed in the future, increasing the water flow is more favorable than increasing the cooling range of water, which is better for the ecological environment protection,
基金supported by the State Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2002-CB-412600).
文摘Mianning-Dechang Himalayan REE Metallogenetic Belt in Sichuan Province lies along the western margin of the Yangtze Craton.We have conducted detailed mineralogical studies on ore minerals collected from Maoniuping and Dalucao,the two largest deposits in the belt.With optical microscope,SEM/EDS,and EPMA,three rare intermetallic minerals,i.e.,zinccopperite(Cu2Zn),Sn-bearing native copper,and Cu-bearing jupiter were found to occur in the main ore along with barite,fluorite,apatite,sulfide and bastnaesite.Since the conditions under which zinccopperite and Sn-bearing native copper formed are quite unique,finding of these minerals,for the first time in domestic REE deposits,has significant implications for the genesis of the ore deposits in which they occur.In comparison with Cu-Zn intermetallic minerals in other occurrences,we propose that the formation of this REE metallogenetic belt is associated with fast upwelling of the Himalayan magma from deep source.
