Based on the decoupiing theory and method, an indicator system was built for the relation between economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity. And the study was carried out on decoupling ...Based on the decoupiing theory and method, an indicator system was built for the relation between economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity. And the study was carried out on decoupling degree and temporal changes of economic development level and resource and environment carrying ca- pacity in the central area of Yunnan Province. Results indicated that （i） the economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity in the central area of Yunnan Province mainly experienced strong decoupling, weak decoupling, and ex- pansive negative coupling, and in general it was strong decoupling, and it took on re- verse ＂N＂ in temporal changes. （ii） Change rate of economic development level in the central area of Yunnan Province was greater than zero, but the amplitude of change was not large, while the change rate of resource and environment carrying capacity was negative in 2007-2008, and it was positive in the rest years; from 2007, it took on gradual expansion trend, and scissors difference gradually increased after experi- encing reverse ＂V＂ change. （iii） The strong decoupling was the main situation and it reached the peak value in T5 period and T6 pedod.展开更多
Remotely controlled intelligent machinery has complications,including loose manage-ment of failure information,low information availability,and coupling influence among systems,which can be effectively solved by analy...Remotely controlled intelligent machinery has complications,including loose manage-ment of failure information,low information availability,and coupling influence among systems,which can be effectively solved by analyzing the system state and information characteristics of the equipment.Taking intelligent agricultural machinery as the object,this study applies the knowledge representation method to explore equipment failure states’informational features and construct a knowledge framework model of system fail-ure representation relations and a complex network conceptual model to visualize the fail-ure information more intuitively and facilitate systematic management and utilization.The feedback-based decoupling analysis method uncouples the coupling between subsys-tems,identifying the critical state of decoupling well.It attempts to apply the knowledge representation and decoupling analysis to remotely controlled intelligent agricultural machinery equipment.Through the example,the result further illustrates the feasibility of knowledge representation and decoupling for remotely controlled intelligent agricultural machinery systems and provides essential support for better failure analysis.展开更多
Net primary productivity(NPP)is an important breakthrough point of current research on ecological footprint improvement.The energy eco-footprint(EEF)of the Four-City Area in Central China(FCACC)was measured by constru...Net primary productivity(NPP)is an important breakthrough point of current research on ecological footprint improvement.The energy eco-footprint(EEF)of the Four-City Area in Central China(FCACC)was measured by constructing an EEF-NPP model.This work has made the following efforts:(1)Gini coefficient was employed to analyze the degree of matching between the EEF and economic growth,population,and energy consumption.(2)LMDI decomposition method was used to explore the impacts of multiple factors on the EEF in the FCACC.(3)Tapio decoupling model was applied to verify the decoupling relationships between the above influencing factors and the EEF.(4)LMDI decomposition formula was embedded into the decoupling model to analyze the impacts of technical and non-technical factors on the decoupling elasticity of the above.The main findings show that from 2010 to 2020:(1)the degree of matching of EEF-GDP,EEF-population,and EEF-energy consumption increased.(2)energy intensity and per capita GDP were the main factors that affected the EEF.(3)the decoupling states between total energy consumption,energy consumption structure,energy intensity,per capita GDP,and population size with the EEF were expansive negative decoupling,expansive negative decoupling,strong negative decoupling,weak decoupling,and expansive negative decoupling,respectively.(4)the impact of non-technical factors was greater than that of technical factors,and their impacts were always in opposite directions.展开更多
The energy sector is pivotal in Vietnam’s commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050.This study employs a combination of Structural Decomposition Analysis(SDA)and decoupling approaches based on data from Viet...The energy sector is pivotal in Vietnam’s commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050.This study employs a combination of Structural Decomposition Analysis(SDA)and decoupling approaches based on data from Vietnam’s energy statistics and the Vietnam Living Standards Survey(VHLSS)for 2016,2018,and 2020.The primary aim is to elucidate the effects of direct energy consumption by household groups on CO_(2)emissions,examine factors affecting emissions,and clarify the relationship between CO_(2)emissions from household energy consumption and economic growth in Vietnam.Research results underscore that household groups make considerable use of electricity and Liquefied Petroleum Gas(LPG),simultaneously reducing the proportion of firewood,rice husk,sawdust,agricultural by-products and other fuels.The decrease in energy intensity emerges as the primary factor in lowering household emissions,while population growth and economic efficiency exert the opposite effect.Additionally,the research reveals disparities in emissions between urban and rural areas,similarly among household groups within the given location.Despite maintaining a robust decoupling status between emissions from household consumption and economic growth,unsustainable risks persist,particularly with the increase in electricity demand.The study also highlights the uneven impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on CO_(2)emissions across household groups.Drawing upon these findings,several recommendations are proposed to control CO_(2)emissions from direct energy household consumption to facilitate the most effective household decarbonisation process while ensuring sustainable economic growth in Vietnam.展开更多
An investigation of the decoupled thermal–hydraulic analysis of a separated heat pipe spent fuel pool passive cooling system(SFS)is essential for practical engineering applications.Based on the principles of thermal ...An investigation of the decoupled thermal–hydraulic analysis of a separated heat pipe spent fuel pool passive cooling system(SFS)is essential for practical engineering applications.Based on the principles of thermal and mass balance,this study decoupled the heat transfer processes in the SFS.In accordance with the decoupling conditions,we modeled the spent fuel pool of the CAP1400 pressurized water reactor in Weihai and used computational fluid dynamics to explore the heat dissipation capacity of the SFS under different air temperatures and wind speeds.The results show that the air-cooled separated heat pipe radiator achieved optimal performance at an air temperature of 10℃ or wind speed of 8 m/s.Fitted equations for the equivalent thermal conductivity of the separated heat pipes with the wind speed and air temperature we obtained according to the thermal resistance network model.This study is instructive for the actual operation of an SFS.展开更多
Within the framework of China's pursuit of green and low-carbon development,Inner Mongolia is characterized by significant carbon emissions,a substantial share of energy-intensive industries,and disparate developm...Within the framework of China's pursuit of green and low-carbon development,Inner Mongolia is characterized by significant carbon emissions,a substantial share of energy-intensive industries,and disparate development levels across its cities,so it faces substantial challenges in attaining the objectives of carbon peak and neutrality.Utilizing the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index(LMDI)model,this study investigated the drivers and regional differences in carbon emissions.Drawing upon Tapio's decoupling framework,the decoupling status between economic growth and carbon emissions among cities was analyzed in phases.We introduced the Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)machine learning algorithm to construct a classification model that correlates carbon emission drivers with decoupling states,elucidated by the Shapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)interpretable model,and performed a spatial analysis of regional differences to assess the significance of industrial energy intensity for achieving strong decoupling in each prefecture-level city.The outcomes revealed two main results.(1)Spatially,regional differences in the influence of driving factors can be classified into four categories:energy intensity-dominant,double-effect negative driven,coexistence of positive and negative effects,and economic growth-driven.(2)Temporally,regional differences in the impact of industrial energy intensity on strong decoupling can be categorized into three types:overall positive,marked fluctuation,and stage stability.Consequently,tailoring emission reduction policies based on regional differences will be instrumental for expediting the achievement of the"dual carbon"targets.展开更多
Quantifying material use in infrastructure development and analyzing its relationship with economic growth is essential for enhancing resource efficiency and steering regional resource management toward sustainable de...Quantifying material use in infrastructure development and analyzing its relationship with economic growth is essential for enhancing resource efficiency and steering regional resource management toward sustainable development.This study systematically assessed infrastructure related material use in 30 provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities in China during 1978-2022.The result indicated that material stock has experienced significant growth,increasing from 16.91×10^(9)t in 1978 to 103.60×10^(9)t in 2022,with an average annual growth rate of 4.20%.However,from 1978 to 2015,material input followed a strong upward trend but saturated after 2015.At the national level,material input peaked in 2015,after which it began to decline.The central region reached its peak earlier in 2013,while the eastern and western regions peaked in 2015.Using a decoupling analysis framework,this study revealed that nationally,the elasticity value between material stock and gross domestic product(GDP)remained near or above 1.0,reflecting continued reliance on stock accumulation.Regionally,the elasticity value between material stock and GDP has increased in the central and western regions during 1978-2022,whereas elasticity value between material stock and GDP in the eastern region showed a slower growth rate but still struggled to achieve absolute decoupling.Moreover,the elasticity value between material input and GDP has declined at the national level,presenting a relative decoupling,with some regions already achieving absolute decoupling.The eastern region was closer to absolute decoupling,while the central and western regions,though still intensive in material input,exhibited faster declines in elasticity.Accelerating the transition from linear to circular economy is an essential step for China to achieve absolute decoupling and long-term sustainability.Finally,this research recommends promoting the adoption of renewable energy,driving industrial upgrading,implementing compact urban design,and extending the lifespan of infrastructure to reduce material dependency and achieve sustainable infrastructure transformation at the national level.展开更多
Fossil energy is the material basis of human survival, economic development and social progress. The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth is becoming increasingly close. However, energy consumpt...Fossil energy is the material basis of human survival, economic development and social progress. The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth is becoming increasingly close. However, energy consumption is the major source of greenhouse gases, which can significantly affect the balance of the global ecosystem. It has become the common goal of countries worldwide to address climate change, reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and implement sustainable development strategies. In this study, we applied an approximate relationship analysis, a decoupling relationship analysis, and a trend analysis to explore the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth using data from Kazakhstan for the period of 1993-2010. The results demonstrated： （1） the total energy consumption and GDP in Kazakhstan showed a ＂U＂-type curve from 1993 to 2010. This curve was observed because 1993-1999 was a period during which Kazakhstan transitioned from a republic to an independent country and experienced a difficult transition from a planned to a market economy. Then, the economic system became more stable and the industrial production increased rapidly because of the effective financial, monetary and industrial policy support from 2000 to 2010. （2） The relationships between energy con- sumption and carbon emissions, economic growth and energy exports were linked; the carbon emissions were mainly derived from energy consumption, and the dependence of economic growth on energy exports gradually increased from 1993 to 2010. Before 2000, the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth was in a recessional decoupling state because of the economic recession. After 2000, this relationship was in strong and weak decoupling states because the international crude oil prices rose and energy exports increased greatly year by year. （3） It is forecasted that Kazakhstan cannot achieve its goal of energy consumption by 2020. Therefore, a low-carbon economy is the best strategic choice to address climate change from a global perspective in Kazakhstan. Thus, we proposed strategies including the improvement of the energy consumption structure, the development of new energy and renewable energy, the use of cleaner production technologies, the adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure, and the expansion of forest areas.展开更多
Background China’s 35 largest cities,including Wuhan,are inhabited by approximately 18%of the Chinese popula-tion,and account for 40%energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.Wuhan is the only sub-provincial ci...Background China’s 35 largest cities,including Wuhan,are inhabited by approximately 18%of the Chinese popula-tion,and account for 40%energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.Wuhan is the only sub-provincial city in Central China and,as the eighth largest economy nationwide,has experienced a notable increase in energy con-sumption.However,major knowledge gaps exist in understanding the nexus of economic development and carbon footprint and their drivers in Wuhan.Methods We studied Wuhan for the evolutionary characteristics of its carbon footprint(CF),the decoupling relation-ship between economic development and CF,and the essential drivers of CF.Based on the CF model,we quantified the dynamic trends of CF,carbon carrying capacity,carbon deficit,and carbon deficit pressure index from 2001 to 2020.We also adopted a decoupling model to clarify the coupled dynamics among total CF,its accounts,and eco-nomic development.We used the partial least squares method to analyze the influencing factors of Wuhan’s CF and determine the main drivers.Results The CF of Wuhan increased from 36.01 million t CO_(2)eq in 2001 to 70.07 million t CO_(2)eq in 2020,a growth rate of 94.61%,which was much faster than that of the carbon carrying capacity.The energy consumption account(84.15%)far exceeded other accounts,and was mostly contributed by raw coal,coke,and crude oil.The carbon deficit pressure index fluctuated in the range of 8.44-6.74%,indicating that Wuhan was in the relief zone and the mild enhancement zone during 2001-2020.Around the same time,Wuhan was in a transition stage between weak and strong CF decoupling and economic growth.The main driving factor of CF growth was the urban per capita residen-tial building area,while energy consumption per unit of GDP was responsible for the CF decline.Conclusions Our research highlights the interaction of urban ecological and economic systems,and that Wuhan’s CF changes were mainly affected by four factors:city size,economic development,social consumption,and technological progress.The findings are of realistic significance in promoting low-carbon urban development and improving the city’s sustainability,and the related policies can offer an excellent benchmark for other cities with similar challenges.展开更多
In the context of rapid urbanization and industrialization,achieving a coordinated relationship between urban construction land expansion(UCLE)and economic growth is essential for sustainable development,especially in...In the context of rapid urbanization and industrialization,achieving a coordinated relationship between urban construction land expansion(UCLE)and economic growth is essential for sustainable development,especially in developing countries.This study examined the spatiotemporal relationship between UCLE and economic growth in the Yellow River Basin(YRB),China from 2000 to 2020.An extended IPAT(Impact=Population×Affluence×Technology)decoupling framework and the geographical detector model were employed at a 5-km grid scale.Results show that urban construction land(UCL)expanded slowly before 2005,accelerated between 2005 and 2015,and declined thereafter.Since 2015,UCLE in most parts of the YRB has gradually decoupled from economic growth.The geographical detector analysis revealed that economic growth,along with its interactions with natural,locational,and socioeconomic factors,significantly influenced UCLE.Notably,location factors have gained importance since 2015,reducing the role of economic growth as the primary driver of UCLE in the YRB’s lower reaches.Nonetheless,economic growth continues to significantly influence the upper and middle reaches.These findings highlight the need for more precise and differentiated strategies for land utilization and economic growth,tailored to finer spatial scales,to better integrate human-land systems and promote high-quality regional development.展开更多
Introduction:The rapid development of economy has led to extensive raw material consumption and relevant environmental damage in China.To analyze environmental impacts and identify materials resulting in these environ...Introduction:The rapid development of economy has led to extensive raw material consumption and relevant environmental damage in China.To analyze environmental impacts and identify materials resulting in these environmental effects via raw material extraction,we combine economy-wide material flow accounting and life-cycle analysis methods to estimate environmental impacts of Chinese domestic extraction(DE)during the period of 1992–2015.The relationship between these increasing environmental impacts and Chinese GDP was also explored by decoupling analysis.Outcomes:Results show that Chinese DE increased by 372%during 1992–2015.The global warming potential,abiotic depletion potential,and respiratory inorganics of Chinese DE increased by 195%,46%,and 408%,respectively.In terms of specific materials,extraction of iron ores,gravel and sand,and coal induced the most environmental impacts.The relationship between environmental impacts and Chinese GDP/DE was characterized by relative decoupling.Conclusion:To minimize the environmental impacts of extraction,we recommend that the Chinese government improve its extraction techniques and reduce excess demand for materials with large extraction such as iron ores,gravel and sand,and coal.We also recommend researching alternative materials for scarce resources like molybdenum,gold,and fluorite.展开更多
A joint industry project on a full scale measurement of Fenjin FPSO,headed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University and sponsored by CNOOC,was initiated in October 2007 and has been going on for more than 25 months.The purpos...A joint industry project on a full scale measurement of Fenjin FPSO,headed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University and sponsored by CNOOC,was initiated in October 2007 and has been going on for more than 25 months.The purpose of the project is to measure and collect the motions in six-degrees of freedom of an FPSO,and to collect the environmental loads at the offshore oil-field.A motion data measuring system is designed and installed on the FPSO.Another environmental data measuring system is installed on a fixed jacket platform nearby.A large quantity of valuable first-hand data is obtained.With the data collected,motion characteristics of the FPSO in a long-term period are concluded.A short-term analysis for the FPSO in one of the typhoons is also completed.The mean periods of wave-frequency motions are calculated by the spectrum analysis.The tension loads of the mooring system,which is of great concern,are calculated by the decoupled technique.展开更多
基金Supported by Scientific Research Foundation of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(2015J088)~~
文摘Based on the decoupiing theory and method, an indicator system was built for the relation between economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity. And the study was carried out on decoupling degree and temporal changes of economic development level and resource and environment carrying ca- pacity in the central area of Yunnan Province. Results indicated that （i） the economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity in the central area of Yunnan Province mainly experienced strong decoupling, weak decoupling, and ex- pansive negative coupling, and in general it was strong decoupling, and it took on re- verse ＂N＂ in temporal changes. （ii） Change rate of economic development level in the central area of Yunnan Province was greater than zero, but the amplitude of change was not large, while the change rate of resource and environment carrying capacity was negative in 2007-2008, and it was positive in the rest years; from 2007, it took on gradual expansion trend, and scissors difference gradually increased after experi- encing reverse ＂V＂ change. （iii） The strong decoupling was the main situation and it reached the peak value in T5 period and T6 pedod.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the national key research and development project(2018YFB1403303)。
文摘Remotely controlled intelligent machinery has complications,including loose manage-ment of failure information,low information availability,and coupling influence among systems,which can be effectively solved by analyzing the system state and information characteristics of the equipment.Taking intelligent agricultural machinery as the object,this study applies the knowledge representation method to explore equipment failure states’informational features and construct a knowledge framework model of system fail-ure representation relations and a complex network conceptual model to visualize the fail-ure information more intuitively and facilitate systematic management and utilization.The feedback-based decoupling analysis method uncouples the coupling between subsys-tems,identifying the critical state of decoupling well.It attempts to apply the knowledge representation and decoupling analysis to remotely controlled intelligent agricultural machinery equipment.Through the example,the result further illustrates the feasibility of knowledge representation and decoupling for remotely controlled intelligent agricultural machinery systems and provides essential support for better failure analysis.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Projects of the Jiangxi Provincial Education Department(Grant No.GJJ2200518)the Ministry of Education in China Layout Project of Humanities and Social Sciences(Grant No.20YJAZH037).
文摘Net primary productivity(NPP)is an important breakthrough point of current research on ecological footprint improvement.The energy eco-footprint(EEF)of the Four-City Area in Central China(FCACC)was measured by constructing an EEF-NPP model.This work has made the following efforts:(1)Gini coefficient was employed to analyze the degree of matching between the EEF and economic growth,population,and energy consumption.(2)LMDI decomposition method was used to explore the impacts of multiple factors on the EEF in the FCACC.(3)Tapio decoupling model was applied to verify the decoupling relationships between the above influencing factors and the EEF.(4)LMDI decomposition formula was embedded into the decoupling model to analyze the impacts of technical and non-technical factors on the decoupling elasticity of the above.The main findings show that from 2010 to 2020:(1)the degree of matching of EEF-GDP,EEF-population,and EEF-energy consumption increased.(2)energy intensity and per capita GDP were the main factors that affected the EEF.(3)the decoupling states between total energy consumption,energy consumption structure,energy intensity,per capita GDP,and population size with the EEF were expansive negative decoupling,expansive negative decoupling,strong negative decoupling,weak decoupling,and expansive negative decoupling,respectively.(4)the impact of non-technical factors was greater than that of technical factors,and their impacts were always in opposite directions.
基金the Funds for Science and Technology Development of the Ministry of Education and Training,Vietnam(grant number B2023-DNA-21).
文摘The energy sector is pivotal in Vietnam’s commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050.This study employs a combination of Structural Decomposition Analysis(SDA)and decoupling approaches based on data from Vietnam’s energy statistics and the Vietnam Living Standards Survey(VHLSS)for 2016,2018,and 2020.The primary aim is to elucidate the effects of direct energy consumption by household groups on CO_(2)emissions,examine factors affecting emissions,and clarify the relationship between CO_(2)emissions from household energy consumption and economic growth in Vietnam.Research results underscore that household groups make considerable use of electricity and Liquefied Petroleum Gas(LPG),simultaneously reducing the proportion of firewood,rice husk,sawdust,agricultural by-products and other fuels.The decrease in energy intensity emerges as the primary factor in lowering household emissions,while population growth and economic efficiency exert the opposite effect.Additionally,the research reveals disparities in emissions between urban and rural areas,similarly among household groups within the given location.Despite maintaining a robust decoupling status between emissions from household consumption and economic growth,unsustainable risks persist,particularly with the increase in electricity demand.The study also highlights the uneven impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on CO_(2)emissions across household groups.Drawing upon these findings,several recommendations are proposed to control CO_(2)emissions from direct energy household consumption to facilitate the most effective household decarbonisation process while ensuring sustainable economic growth in Vietnam.
文摘An investigation of the decoupled thermal–hydraulic analysis of a separated heat pipe spent fuel pool passive cooling system(SFS)is essential for practical engineering applications.Based on the principles of thermal and mass balance,this study decoupled the heat transfer processes in the SFS.In accordance with the decoupling conditions,we modeled the spent fuel pool of the CAP1400 pressurized water reactor in Weihai and used computational fluid dynamics to explore the heat dissipation capacity of the SFS under different air temperatures and wind speeds.The results show that the air-cooled separated heat pipe radiator achieved optimal performance at an air temperature of 10℃ or wind speed of 8 m/s.Fitted equations for the equivalent thermal conductivity of the separated heat pipes with the wind speed and air temperature we obtained according to the thermal resistance network model.This study is instructive for the actual operation of an SFS.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(71961022)The Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2024MS07012)+3 种基金The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(NCYWT23034,NCYWT23043)The Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics 2025 High-Quality Research Achievements Cultivation Fund Project(GZCG24247,GZCG2504)The Special Research Project on the Five Major Tasks of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region by Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics(NCXWD2419)The Project of the Regional Digital Economy and Digital Governance Research Center of Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics(SZZL202401)。
文摘Within the framework of China's pursuit of green and low-carbon development,Inner Mongolia is characterized by significant carbon emissions,a substantial share of energy-intensive industries,and disparate development levels across its cities,so it faces substantial challenges in attaining the objectives of carbon peak and neutrality.Utilizing the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index(LMDI)model,this study investigated the drivers and regional differences in carbon emissions.Drawing upon Tapio's decoupling framework,the decoupling status between economic growth and carbon emissions among cities was analyzed in phases.We introduced the Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)machine learning algorithm to construct a classification model that correlates carbon emission drivers with decoupling states,elucidated by the Shapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)interpretable model,and performed a spatial analysis of regional differences to assess the significance of industrial energy intensity for achieving strong decoupling in each prefecture-level city.The outcomes revealed two main results.(1)Spatially,regional differences in the influence of driving factors can be classified into four categories:energy intensity-dominant,double-effect negative driven,coexistence of positive and negative effects,and economic growth-driven.(2)Temporally,regional differences in the impact of industrial energy intensity on strong decoupling can be categorized into three types:overall positive,marked fluctuation,and stage stability.Consequently,tailoring emission reduction policies based on regional differences will be instrumental for expediting the achievement of the"dual carbon"targets.
基金supported by the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology Fund(22ZR1419300)the Academic Year 2025 Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University Academic Research Subsidy(Grants-in-Aid Reapplication Type).
文摘Quantifying material use in infrastructure development and analyzing its relationship with economic growth is essential for enhancing resource efficiency and steering regional resource management toward sustainable development.This study systematically assessed infrastructure related material use in 30 provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities in China during 1978-2022.The result indicated that material stock has experienced significant growth,increasing from 16.91×10^(9)t in 1978 to 103.60×10^(9)t in 2022,with an average annual growth rate of 4.20%.However,from 1978 to 2015,material input followed a strong upward trend but saturated after 2015.At the national level,material input peaked in 2015,after which it began to decline.The central region reached its peak earlier in 2013,while the eastern and western regions peaked in 2015.Using a decoupling analysis framework,this study revealed that nationally,the elasticity value between material stock and gross domestic product(GDP)remained near or above 1.0,reflecting continued reliance on stock accumulation.Regionally,the elasticity value between material stock and GDP has increased in the central and western regions during 1978-2022,whereas elasticity value between material stock and GDP in the eastern region showed a slower growth rate but still struggled to achieve absolute decoupling.Moreover,the elasticity value between material input and GDP has declined at the national level,presenting a relative decoupling,with some regions already achieving absolute decoupling.The eastern region was closer to absolute decoupling,while the central and western regions,though still intensive in material input,exhibited faster declines in elasticity.Accelerating the transition from linear to circular economy is an essential step for China to achieve absolute decoupling and long-term sustainability.Finally,this research recommends promoting the adoption of renewable energy,driving industrial upgrading,implementing compact urban design,and extending the lifespan of infrastructure to reduce material dependency and achieve sustainable infrastructure transformation at the national level.
基金supported by International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (2010DFA92720-07)
文摘Fossil energy is the material basis of human survival, economic development and social progress. The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth is becoming increasingly close. However, energy consumption is the major source of greenhouse gases, which can significantly affect the balance of the global ecosystem. It has become the common goal of countries worldwide to address climate change, reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and implement sustainable development strategies. In this study, we applied an approximate relationship analysis, a decoupling relationship analysis, and a trend analysis to explore the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth using data from Kazakhstan for the period of 1993-2010. The results demonstrated： （1） the total energy consumption and GDP in Kazakhstan showed a ＂U＂-type curve from 1993 to 2010. This curve was observed because 1993-1999 was a period during which Kazakhstan transitioned from a republic to an independent country and experienced a difficult transition from a planned to a market economy. Then, the economic system became more stable and the industrial production increased rapidly because of the effective financial, monetary and industrial policy support from 2000 to 2010. （2） The relationships between energy con- sumption and carbon emissions, economic growth and energy exports were linked; the carbon emissions were mainly derived from energy consumption, and the dependence of economic growth on energy exports gradually increased from 1993 to 2010. Before 2000, the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth was in a recessional decoupling state because of the economic recession. After 2000, this relationship was in strong and weak decoupling states because the international crude oil prices rose and energy exports increased greatly year by year. （3） It is forecasted that Kazakhstan cannot achieve its goal of energy consumption by 2020. Therefore, a low-carbon economy is the best strategic choice to address climate change from a global perspective in Kazakhstan. Thus, we proposed strategies including the improvement of the energy consumption structure, the development of new energy and renewable energy, the use of cleaner production technologies, the adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure, and the expansion of forest areas.
基金Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2022JJ40193).
文摘Background China’s 35 largest cities,including Wuhan,are inhabited by approximately 18%of the Chinese popula-tion,and account for 40%energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.Wuhan is the only sub-provincial city in Central China and,as the eighth largest economy nationwide,has experienced a notable increase in energy con-sumption.However,major knowledge gaps exist in understanding the nexus of economic development and carbon footprint and their drivers in Wuhan.Methods We studied Wuhan for the evolutionary characteristics of its carbon footprint(CF),the decoupling relation-ship between economic development and CF,and the essential drivers of CF.Based on the CF model,we quantified the dynamic trends of CF,carbon carrying capacity,carbon deficit,and carbon deficit pressure index from 2001 to 2020.We also adopted a decoupling model to clarify the coupled dynamics among total CF,its accounts,and eco-nomic development.We used the partial least squares method to analyze the influencing factors of Wuhan’s CF and determine the main drivers.Results The CF of Wuhan increased from 36.01 million t CO_(2)eq in 2001 to 70.07 million t CO_(2)eq in 2020,a growth rate of 94.61%,which was much faster than that of the carbon carrying capacity.The energy consumption account(84.15%)far exceeded other accounts,and was mostly contributed by raw coal,coke,and crude oil.The carbon deficit pressure index fluctuated in the range of 8.44-6.74%,indicating that Wuhan was in the relief zone and the mild enhancement zone during 2001-2020.Around the same time,Wuhan was in a transition stage between weak and strong CF decoupling and economic growth.The main driving factor of CF growth was the urban per capita residen-tial building area,while energy consumption per unit of GDP was responsible for the CF decline.Conclusions Our research highlights the interaction of urban ecological and economic systems,and that Wuhan’s CF changes were mainly affected by four factors:city size,economic development,social consumption,and technological progress.The findings are of realistic significance in promoting low-carbon urban development and improving the city’s sustainability,and the related policies can offer an excellent benchmark for other cities with similar challenges.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42293271,42471222)。
文摘In the context of rapid urbanization and industrialization,achieving a coordinated relationship between urban construction land expansion(UCLE)and economic growth is essential for sustainable development,especially in developing countries.This study examined the spatiotemporal relationship between UCLE and economic growth in the Yellow River Basin(YRB),China from 2000 to 2020.An extended IPAT(Impact=Population×Affluence×Technology)decoupling framework and the geographical detector model were employed at a 5-km grid scale.Results show that urban construction land(UCL)expanded slowly before 2005,accelerated between 2005 and 2015,and declined thereafter.Since 2015,UCLE in most parts of the YRB has gradually decoupled from economic growth.The geographical detector analysis revealed that economic growth,along with its interactions with natural,locational,and socioeconomic factors,significantly influenced UCLE.Notably,location factors have gained importance since 2015,reducing the role of economic growth as the primary driver of UCLE in the YRB’s lower reaches.Nonetheless,economic growth continues to significantly influence the upper and middle reaches.These findings highlight the need for more precise and differentiated strategies for land utilization and economic growth,tailored to finer spatial scales,to better integrate human-land systems and promote high-quality regional development.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[41401636,41871204,51474067]Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province+1 种基金CAS Pioneer Hundred Talent ProgramFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[N172504026].
文摘Introduction:The rapid development of economy has led to extensive raw material consumption and relevant environmental damage in China.To analyze environmental impacts and identify materials resulting in these environmental effects via raw material extraction,we combine economy-wide material flow accounting and life-cycle analysis methods to estimate environmental impacts of Chinese domestic extraction(DE)during the period of 1992–2015.The relationship between these increasing environmental impacts and Chinese GDP was also explored by decoupling analysis.Outcomes:Results show that Chinese DE increased by 372%during 1992–2015.The global warming potential,abiotic depletion potential,and respiratory inorganics of Chinese DE increased by 195%,46%,and 408%,respectively.In terms of specific materials,extraction of iron ores,gravel and sand,and coal induced the most environmental impacts.The relationship between environmental impacts and Chinese GDP/DE was characterized by relative decoupling.Conclusion:To minimize the environmental impacts of extraction,we recommend that the Chinese government improve its extraction techniques and reduce excess demand for materials with large extraction such as iron ores,gravel and sand,and coal.We also recommend researching alternative materials for scarce resources like molybdenum,gold,and fluorite.
基金supported by the National Scientific and Technology Major Project (Grant No.2008ZX05026-006)
文摘A joint industry project on a full scale measurement of Fenjin FPSO,headed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University and sponsored by CNOOC,was initiated in October 2007 and has been going on for more than 25 months.The purpose of the project is to measure and collect the motions in six-degrees of freedom of an FPSO,and to collect the environmental loads at the offshore oil-field.A motion data measuring system is designed and installed on the FPSO.Another environmental data measuring system is installed on a fixed jacket platform nearby.A large quantity of valuable first-hand data is obtained.With the data collected,motion characteristics of the FPSO in a long-term period are concluded.A short-term analysis for the FPSO in one of the typhoons is also completed.The mean periods of wave-frequency motions are calculated by the spectrum analysis.The tension loads of the mooring system,which is of great concern,are calculated by the decoupled technique.
