The corrosion process of tinplate in deaerated functional beverage was investigated by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectros...The corrosion process of tinplate in deaerated functional beverage was investigated by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. The results reveal that the uncoated tinplate shows a poor corrosion resistance and the corrosion type is detinning. During the initial stage of immersion, EIS spectrum consisted of two capacitance arcs with obvious time-constant dispersion effect, which was attributed to the two-dimensional and three-dimensional inhomogeneous distribution of the electrode surface. With the increase of immersion time, the capacitance arc of high frequency shrunk and degenerated, due to the corrosion of tin coating. The pore resistance of tin coating and the charger transfer resistance of substrate, which are determined from the electrochemical equivalent circuit, can be used as the indicators of tinplate corrosion process. The decrease of the pore resistance of tin coating indicates that the corrosion degree of tin layer becomes more severe, whereas the decrease of the charger transfer resistance of substrate implies that the corrosion degree of steel substrate also becomes more severe as the immersion time prolongs.展开更多
Electron beam was successfully used for the degradation of 2-chlorophenol(2-CP) and 4-chlorophenol(4-CP) in aqueous solutions in this research. The effect of radiation dose on substrate degradation and dechlorination ...Electron beam was successfully used for the degradation of 2-chlorophenol(2-CP) and 4-chlorophenol(4-CP) in aqueous solutions in this research. The effect of radiation dose on substrate degradation and dechlorination of solutions with concentration of 50 mg/L was investigated. The effect of initial concentration, pH and presence of oxygen was also investigated. The concentration of 2-CP and 4-CP remaining in solution after irradiation were measured by HPLC. The results showed that increased radiation dose led to increased degradation of the chlorophenols and increased Cl - yield. Deaeration was also found to significantly increase the rate of degradation of chlorophenols in water while degradation and dechlorination under alkaline condition was lower than at low to neutral pH.展开更多
Boiler room is an important production auxiliary workshop in the industrial area. Based on the analysis of the actual engineering design process, this paper discusses in detail the aspects that should be paid attentio...Boiler room is an important production auxiliary workshop in the industrial area. Based on the analysis of the actual engineering design process, this paper discusses in detail the aspects that should be paid attention to in the boiler room design. The plane layout of boiler room should conform to the technological process;The spatial combination of different functions is the primary key problem in boiler room design. The space design of boiler room, deoxygenation room and noise reduction measures of water pump room are the details that can not be ignored in boiler room design. The fire-proof and explosion-proof design of boiler room is the basis of safe operation of boiler room. The research on the key points of boiler room design can make the designers find the key points in the future boiler room design work, and can quickly find the problems in the design and solve the problems in time. The design methods and problem-solving ideas summed up in boiler room architectural design can also be extended to other projects.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Basic Research Program of China ("973" Program, No. 2011CB610505)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (No. 20120032110029)Key Project of Tianjin Natural Science Foundation (No. 13JCZDJC29500)
文摘The corrosion process of tinplate in deaerated functional beverage was investigated by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. The results reveal that the uncoated tinplate shows a poor corrosion resistance and the corrosion type is detinning. During the initial stage of immersion, EIS spectrum consisted of two capacitance arcs with obvious time-constant dispersion effect, which was attributed to the two-dimensional and three-dimensional inhomogeneous distribution of the electrode surface. With the increase of immersion time, the capacitance arc of high frequency shrunk and degenerated, due to the corrosion of tin coating. The pore resistance of tin coating and the charger transfer resistance of substrate, which are determined from the electrochemical equivalent circuit, can be used as the indicators of tinplate corrosion process. The decrease of the pore resistance of tin coating indicates that the corrosion degree of tin layer becomes more severe, whereas the decrease of the charger transfer resistance of substrate implies that the corrosion degree of steel substrate also becomes more severe as the immersion time prolongs.
文摘Electron beam was successfully used for the degradation of 2-chlorophenol(2-CP) and 4-chlorophenol(4-CP) in aqueous solutions in this research. The effect of radiation dose on substrate degradation and dechlorination of solutions with concentration of 50 mg/L was investigated. The effect of initial concentration, pH and presence of oxygen was also investigated. The concentration of 2-CP and 4-CP remaining in solution after irradiation were measured by HPLC. The results showed that increased radiation dose led to increased degradation of the chlorophenols and increased Cl - yield. Deaeration was also found to significantly increase the rate of degradation of chlorophenols in water while degradation and dechlorination under alkaline condition was lower than at low to neutral pH.
文摘Boiler room is an important production auxiliary workshop in the industrial area. Based on the analysis of the actual engineering design process, this paper discusses in detail the aspects that should be paid attention to in the boiler room design. The plane layout of boiler room should conform to the technological process;The spatial combination of different functions is the primary key problem in boiler room design. The space design of boiler room, deoxygenation room and noise reduction measures of water pump room are the details that can not be ignored in boiler room design. The fire-proof and explosion-proof design of boiler room is the basis of safe operation of boiler room. The research on the key points of boiler room design can make the designers find the key points in the future boiler room design work, and can quickly find the problems in the design and solve the problems in time. The design methods and problem-solving ideas summed up in boiler room architectural design can also be extended to other projects.
