Exogenous neural stem cell transplantation has become one of the most promising treatment methods for chronic stroke.Recent studies have shown that most ischemia-reperfusion model rats recover spontaneously after inju...Exogenous neural stem cell transplantation has become one of the most promising treatment methods for chronic stroke.Recent studies have shown that most ischemia-reperfusion model rats recover spontaneously after injury,which limits the ability to observe long-term behavioral recovery.Here,we used a severe stroke rat model with 150 minutes of ischemia,which produced severe behavioral deficiencies that persisted at 12 weeks,to study the therapeutic effect of neural stem cells on neural restoration in chronic stroke.Our study showed that stroke model rats treated with human neural stem cells had long-term sustained recovery of motor function,reduced infarction volume,long-term human neural stem cell survival,and improved local inflammatory environment and angiogenesis.We also demonstrated that transplanted human neural stem cells differentiated into mature neurons in vivo,formed stable functional synaptic connections with host neurons,and exhibited the electrophysiological properties of functional mature neurons,indicating that they replaced the damaged host neurons.The findings showed that human fetal-derived neural stem cells had long-term effects for neurological recovery in a model of severe stroke,which suggests that human neural stem cells-based therapy may be effective for repairing damaged neural circuits in stroke patients.展开更多
By applying switch-signal theory, the interaction between MOS transmission switch-ing transistor and current signal in current-mode CMOS circuits is analyzed, and the theory oftransmission current-switches which is su...By applying switch-signal theory, the interaction between MOS transmission switch-ing transistor and current signal in current-mode CMOS circuits is analyzed, and the theory oftransmission current-switches which is suitable to current-mode CMOS circuits is proposed. Thecircuits, such as ternary full-adder etc., designed by using this theory have simpler circuit struc-tures and correct logic functions. It is confirmed that this theory is efficient in guiding the logicdesign of current-mode CMOS circuits at switch level.展开更多
By applying switch-signal theory, the theory of transmission current-switches based on symmetric ternary logic is proposed, this theory is suitable to design symmetric ternary current-mode CMOS circuits. The symmetric...By applying switch-signal theory, the theory of transmission current-switches based on symmetric ternary logic is proposed, this theory is suitable to design symmetric ternary current-mode CMOS circuits. The symmetric ternary current-mode CMOS circuits designed by using this theory not only have simpler circuit structures and correct logic functions, but also can process bidirectional signals.展开更多
This paper proposes a simplification method for realization of current-mode multivalued CMOS circuits. The key of this method is to find a cover on the K-map for a given multivalued function, which fits to the realiza...This paper proposes a simplification method for realization of current-mode multivalued CMOS circuits. The key of this method is to find a cover on the K-map for a given multivalued function, which fits to the realization of current-mode CMOS circuits. The design example shows that the design presented in this paper is better than the design proposed by G. W. Dueck et al. (1987).展开更多
Loss of synapse and functional connectivity in brain circuits is associated with aging and neurodegeneration,however,few molecular mechanisms are known to intrinsically promote synaptogenesis or enhance synapse functi...Loss of synapse and functional connectivity in brain circuits is associated with aging and neurodegeneration,however,few molecular mechanisms are known to intrinsically promote synaptogenesis or enhance synapse function.We have previously shown that MET receptor tyrosine kinase in the developing cortical circuits promotes dendritic growth and dendritic spine morphogenesis.To investigate whether enhancing MET in adult cortex has synapse regenerating potential,we created a knockin mouse line,in which the human MET gene expression and signaling can be turned on in adult(10–12 months)cortical neurons through doxycycline-containing chow.We found that similar to the developing brain,turning on MET signaling in the adult cortex activates small GTPases and increases spine density in prefrontal projection neurons.These findings are further corroborated by increased synaptic activity and transient generation of immature silent synapses.Prolonged MET signaling resulted in an increasedα-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid/N-methyl-Daspartate(AMPA/NMDA)receptor current ratio,indicative of enhanced synaptic function and connectivity.Our data reveal that enhancing MET signaling could be an interventional approach to promote synaptogenesis and preserve functional connectivity in the adult brain.These findings may have implications for regenerative therapy in aging and neurodegeneration conditions.展开更多
This Special Topic of the Journal of Semiconductors(JOS)features expanded versions of key articles presented at the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits Technologies and Applications(ICTA),which w...This Special Topic of the Journal of Semiconductors(JOS)features expanded versions of key articles presented at the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits Technologies and Applications(ICTA),which was held in Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,from October 25 to 27,2024.展开更多
Strand displacement-based DNA circuits have emerged as highly effective tools for molecular computation,serving purposes of amplification or decision-making.They are favored for their inherent occurrence and sensitivi...Strand displacement-based DNA circuits have emerged as highly effective tools for molecular computation,serving purposes of amplification or decision-making.They are favored for their inherent occurrence and sensitivity to external conditions.However,achieving enhanced amplification or decision-making necessitates the incorporation of multiple strands,thereby increasing the risk of contamination.Recent advancements have led to the development of CRISPR-Cas-based DNA circuits.These systems aim to simplify the complexity associated with conventional circuits,mitigate contamination risks,and enable more substantial amplification or decision-making capabilities.Here,the review article centers on current strategies of CRISPR-Cas(Cas9,Cas12a,Cas13a)system-assisted circuits in amplification and decisionmaking,and assesses their tendencies and limitations in amplification circuits and decision-making circuits.Furthermore,we discuss the challenges of CRISPR-Cas in circuits and propose prospects that will contribute to constructing more efficient and diverse CRISPR-Cas-based DNA functional circuits.展开更多
We investigate the topological properties of the non-Hermitian Kitaev chain by exploiting the versatility of the circuit.We implement non-reciprocal coupling through a negative impedance converter with current inversi...We investigate the topological properties of the non-Hermitian Kitaev chain by exploiting the versatility of the circuit.We implement non-reciprocal coupling through a negative impedance converter with current inversion(INIC). By conducting impedance measurements between neighboring nodes, we identify both topologically non-trivial and trivial phases within the circuit's admittance band dispersion under open boundary conditions(OBC). Our analysis of complex admittance spectra reveals differences when comparing circuits with periodic boundary conditions(PBC) to those with OBC.Furthermore, we observe Z_(2) skin effects and Majorana zero modes in the topologically non-trivial phases, which are robust against disorders. Notably, the admittance spectra exhibit remarkable sensitivity to the attenuation of the boundary coupling strength. This AC circuit system serves as a promising platform for investigating topological phenomena, opening avenues for the development of functional devices across various application scenarios.展开更多
Vocational undergraduate education has entered a new stage of high-quality development,making the cultivation of students'learning ability a core issue in enhancing talent cultivation quality.This study conducted ...Vocational undergraduate education has entered a new stage of high-quality development,making the cultivation of students'learning ability a core issue in enhancing talent cultivation quality.This study conducted a questionnaire survey with 177 students majoring in integrated circuits at Shenzhen Polytechnic University(SZPU),focusing on six dimensions:self-learning proficiency,academic competence,goal planning,self-discipline,learning initiative,and learning environment.The results indicate that while students possess a solid learning foundation and clear career planning,significant deficiencies exist in the execution of academic plans,self-discipline,and learning initiative.In response to these issues,this study proposes four systematic improvement pathways from the institutional perspective:establishing a closed-loop academic navigation system incorporating“goal-process-feedback”,creating an immersive“virtual-physical integrated”learning environment,implementing a multi-dimensional“cognitive-affective-practical”initiative activation plan,and building a synergistic cultivation mechanism for“self-discipline and core competencies”.The findings aim to provide references for talent cultivation and teaching reform in vocational undergraduate integrated circuit programs.展开更多
Quantum many-body systems lie at the heart of modern fundamental physics.The study of these systems has revealed a plethora of fascinating phenomena,such as quantum thermalization,many-body localization,and quantum ma...Quantum many-body systems lie at the heart of modern fundamental physics.The study of these systems has revealed a plethora of fascinating phenomena,such as quantum thermalization,many-body localization,and quantum many-body scars.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in understanding quantum many-body scars and non-ergodic dynamics in quantum systems on superconducting-circuit platforms,ranging from theoretical mechanisms and effective models to experimental observations.展开更多
With the rapid development of electronic information engineering,high-speed digital circuits have been increasingly widely applied in various fields.In high-speed digital circuits,signal integrity is prone to interfer...With the rapid development of electronic information engineering,high-speed digital circuits have been increasingly widely applied in various fields.In high-speed digital circuits,signal integrity is prone to interference from various external factors,leading to issues such as signal distortion or degradation of system performance.Based on this,this paper conducts research on the optimization strategies for signal integrity of high-speed digital circuits in electronic information engineering.It deeply analyzes the importance of high-speed digital circuits,elaborates on the challenges they face and the specific manifestations of signal integrity issues,and proposes a series of optimization strategies in electronic information engineering.The aim is to improve the signal integrity of highspeed digital circuits and provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the development of related fields.展开更多
With the rapid scaling of superconducting quantum processors,electronic control systems relying on commercial off-the-shelf instruments face critical bottlenecks in signal density,power consumption,and crosstalk mitig...With the rapid scaling of superconducting quantum processors,electronic control systems relying on commercial off-the-shelf instruments face critical bottlenecks in signal density,power consumption,and crosstalk mitigation.Here we present a custom dual-channel direct current(DC)source module(QPower)dedicated to large-scale superconducting quantum processors.The module delivers a voltage range of±7 V with 200 m A maximum current per channel,while achieving the following key performance benchmarks:noise spectral density of√Hz at 10 k Hz,output ripple<500μV_(pp)within 20 MHz bandwidth,and long-term voltage drift<5μVpp over 12 hours.Integrated into the control electronics of a 66-qubit quantum processor,QPower enables qubit coherence time of T_(1)=87.6μs and Ramsey dephasing time of T_(2)=5.1μs,with qubit resonance frequency drift constrained to±40 k Hz during 12-hour operation.This modular design is compact in size and efficient in energy consumption,providing a scalable DC source solution for intermediate-scale quantum processors with stringent noise and stability requirements,with potential extensions to other quantum hardware platforms and precision measurement systems.展开更多
The single-molecule detection tech-nique plays a pivotal role in elucidat-ing the fundamental mechanisms of various scientific processes at the molecular level,and holds essential im-portance in multiple fields includ...The single-molecule detection tech-nique plays a pivotal role in elucidat-ing the fundamental mechanisms of various scientific processes at the molecular level,and holds essential im-portance in multiple fields including physics,biology,and chemistry.Re-cently,single-molecule detection has garnered increasing attention owing to its practical utility in medical diagno-sis,primarily due to its exceptional sensitivity and the minimal sample volume required for analysis.However,the conventional single-molecule technique,represented by total internal reflection microscopy,faces challenges such as sophisticated operation procedures and limited detection throughput,thereby impeding its broader application.To address these limitations,we have demonstrated single-molecule detection using an integrated silicon photonic chip,of-fering a cost-effective and user-friendly alternative.By employing basic optics,we efficiently introduce the excitation source for single-molecule fluorescence by harnessing the strong evanescent field of high refractive-index waveguides.Subsequently,fluorescence signals are collected using basic optics comprising a water-immersion objective,relay optics,and a digi-tal camera.Our results highlight a low-cost,high-throughput single-molecule technique achieved through the integrated silicon photonic chip.This innovative approach is promised to facilitate the widespread adoption of single-molecule fluorescence in medical diagnosis.展开更多
The relentless down-scaling of electronics grands the modern integrated circuits(ICs)with the high speed,low power dissipation and low cost,fulfilling diverse demands of modern life.Whereas,with the semiconductor indu...The relentless down-scaling of electronics grands the modern integrated circuits(ICs)with the high speed,low power dissipation and low cost,fulfilling diverse demands of modern life.Whereas,with the semiconductor industry entering into sub-10 nm technology nodes,degrading device performance and increasing power consumption give rise to insurmountable roadblocks confronted by modern ICs that need to be conquered to sustain the Moore law's life.Bulk semiconductors like prevalent Si are plagued by seriously degraded carrier mobility as thickness thinning down to sub-5 nm,which is imperative to maintain sufficient gate electrostatic controllability to combat the increasingly degraded short channel effects.Nowadays,the emergence of two-dimensional(2D)materials opens up new gateway to eschew the hurdles laid in front of the scaling trend of modern IC,mainly ascribed to their ultimately atomic thickness,capability to maintain carrier mobility with thickness thinning down,dangling-bonds free surface,wide bandgaps tunability and feasibility to constitute diverse heterostructures.Blossoming breakthroughs in discrete electronic device,such as contact engineering,dielectric integration and vigorous channel-length scaling,or large circuits arrays,as boosted yields,improved variations and full-functioned processor fabrication,based on 2D materials have been achieved nowadays,facilitating 2D materials to step under the spotlight of IC industry to be treated as the most potential future successor or complementary counterpart of incumbent Si to further sustain the down-scaling of modern IC.展开更多
After spinal cord injury,impairment of the sensorimotor circuit can lead to dysfunction in the motor,sensory,proprioceptive,and autonomic nervous systems.Functional recovery is often hindered by constraints on the tim...After spinal cord injury,impairment of the sensorimotor circuit can lead to dysfunction in the motor,sensory,proprioceptive,and autonomic nervous systems.Functional recovery is often hindered by constraints on the timing of interventions,combined with the limitations of current methods.To address these challenges,various techniques have been developed to aid in the repair and reconstruction of neural circuits at different stages of injury.Notably,neuromodulation has garnered considerable attention for its potential to enhance nerve regeneration,provide neuroprotection,restore neurons,and regulate the neural reorganization of circuits within the cerebral cortex and corticospinal tract.To improve the effectiveness of these interventions,the implementation of multitarget early interventional neuromodulation strategies,such as electrical and magnetic stimulation,is recommended to enhance functional recovery across different phases of nerve injury.This review concisely outlines the challenges encountered following spinal cord injury,synthesizes existing neurostimulation techniques while emphasizing neuroprotection,repair,and regeneration of impaired connections,and advocates for multi-targeted,task-oriented,and timely interventions.展开更多
This article proposes a multi-tiered fault detection system for series-connected lithium-ion battery modules.Improper use of batteries can lead to electrolyte decomposition,resulting in the formation of lithium dendri...This article proposes a multi-tiered fault detection system for series-connected lithium-ion battery modules.Improper use of batteries can lead to electrolyte decomposition,resulting in the formation of lithium dendrites.These dendrites may pierce the separator,leading to the failure of the insulation layer between electrodes and causing micro short circuits.When a micro short circuit occurs,the electrolyte typically undergoes exothermic reactions,leading to thermal runaway and posing a safety risk to users.Relying solely on temperature-based judgment mechanisms within the battery management system often results in delayed intervention.To address this issue,the article develops a multi-tiered fault detection algorithm for series-connected lithium-ion batteries.This algorithm can effectively diagnose micro short circuits,aging,and normal batteries using minimal battery data,thereby improving diagnostic accuracy and enhancing the flexibility of fault detection.Simulations and experiments conducted under various levels of micro short circuits validate the effectiveness of the algorithm,demonstrating its ability to distinguish between short-circuited,aged,and normal batteries under different conditions.This technology can be applied to electric vehicles and energy storage systems,enabling early warnings to ensure safety and prevent thermal runaway.展开更多
This paper presents a novel current-mode biquadratic circuit employing only plus type DVCCs(differential voltage current conveyors).The circuit enables LP(low-pass),BP(band-pass),HP(high-pass),BS(band-stop)and AP(all-...This paper presents a novel current-mode biquadratic circuit employing only plus type DVCCs(differential voltage current conveyors).The circuit enables LP(low-pass),BP(band-pass),HP(high-pass),BS(band-stop)and AP(all-pass)responses by the selection and addition of the input and output currents without any component matching constraints.Moreover the circuit parametersω0 and Q can be set orthogonally adjusting the circuit components.A design example is given together with simulation results by PSPICE.展开更多
Epilepsy,a common neurological disorder,is characterized by recurrent seizures that can lead to cognitive,psychological,and neurobiological consequences.The pathogenesis of epilepsy involves neuronal dysfunction at th...Epilepsy,a common neurological disorder,is characterized by recurrent seizures that can lead to cognitive,psychological,and neurobiological consequences.The pathogenesis of epilepsy involves neuronal dysfunction at the molecular,cellular,and neural circuit levels.Abnormal molecular signaling pathways or dysfunction of specific cell types can lead to epilepsy by disrupting the normal functioning of neural circuits.The continuous emergence of new technologies and the rapid advancement of existing ones have facilitated the discovery and comprehensive understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms underlying epilepsy.Therefore,this review aims to investigate the current understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms in epilepsy based on various technologies,including electroencephalography,magnetic resonance imaging,optogenetics,chemogenetics,deep brain stimulation,and brain-computer interfaces.Additionally,this review discusses these mechanisms from three perspectives:structural,synaptic,and transmitter circuits.The findings reveal that the neural circuit mechanisms of epilepsy encompass information transmission among different structures,interactions within the same structure,and the maintenance of homeostasis at the cellular,synaptic,and neurotransmitter levels.These findings offer new insights for investigating the pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy and enhancing its clinical diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
Based on the physical characteristics of SiGe material,a new three-dimensional （3D） CMOS IC structure is proposed,in which the first device layer is made of Si material for nMOS devices and the second device layer i...Based on the physical characteristics of SiGe material,a new three-dimensional （3D） CMOS IC structure is proposed,in which the first device layer is made of Si material for nMOS devices and the second device layer is made of Six Ge1- x material for pMOS. The intrinsic performance of ICs with the new structure is then limited by Si nMOS.The electrical characteristics of a Si-SiGe 3D CMOS device and inverter are all simulated and analyzed by MEDICI. The simulation results indicate that the Si-SiGe 3D CMOS ICs are faster than the Si-Si 3D CMOS ICs. The delay time of the 3D Si-SiGe CMOS inverter is 2-3ps,which is shorter than that of the 3D Si-Si CMOS inverter.展开更多
A current-mode DC-DC buck converter with high stability is presented. The loop gain＇s expression of the current-mode converter is derived by employing an advanced model of a current-mode control converter. After anal...A current-mode DC-DC buck converter with high stability is presented. The loop gain＇s expression of the current-mode converter is derived by employing an advanced model of a current-mode control converter. After analyzing the loop gain＇s expression, which illustrates the method of selecting suitable frequency compensation for the control loop,a novel pole-zero tracking frequency compensation is proposed. Based on theoretical analysis, a DC-DC buck converter with high stability is designed with 0.5μm-CMOS technology. The simulated results reveal that the stability of the converter is independent of the load current and the input voltage. Moreover,the converter provides a full load transient response setting time of less than 5μs and overshoots and undershoots of less than 30mV.展开更多
文摘Exogenous neural stem cell transplantation has become one of the most promising treatment methods for chronic stroke.Recent studies have shown that most ischemia-reperfusion model rats recover spontaneously after injury,which limits the ability to observe long-term behavioral recovery.Here,we used a severe stroke rat model with 150 minutes of ischemia,which produced severe behavioral deficiencies that persisted at 12 weeks,to study the therapeutic effect of neural stem cells on neural restoration in chronic stroke.Our study showed that stroke model rats treated with human neural stem cells had long-term sustained recovery of motor function,reduced infarction volume,long-term human neural stem cell survival,and improved local inflammatory environment and angiogenesis.We also demonstrated that transplanted human neural stem cells differentiated into mature neurons in vivo,formed stable functional synaptic connections with host neurons,and exhibited the electrophysiological properties of functional mature neurons,indicating that they replaced the damaged host neurons.The findings showed that human fetal-derived neural stem cells had long-term effects for neurological recovery in a model of severe stroke,which suggests that human neural stem cells-based therapy may be effective for repairing damaged neural circuits in stroke patients.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘By applying switch-signal theory, the interaction between MOS transmission switch-ing transistor and current signal in current-mode CMOS circuits is analyzed, and the theory oftransmission current-switches which is suitable to current-mode CMOS circuits is proposed. Thecircuits, such as ternary full-adder etc., designed by using this theory have simpler circuit struc-tures and correct logic functions. It is confirmed that this theory is efficient in guiding the logicdesign of current-mode CMOS circuits at switch level.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNatural science Foundation of Zhejiang Province
文摘By applying switch-signal theory, the theory of transmission current-switches based on symmetric ternary logic is proposed, this theory is suitable to design symmetric ternary current-mode CMOS circuits. The symmetric ternary current-mode CMOS circuits designed by using this theory not only have simpler circuit structures and correct logic functions, but also can process bidirectional signals.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘This paper proposes a simplification method for realization of current-mode multivalued CMOS circuits. The key of this method is to find a cover on the K-map for a given multivalued function, which fits to the realization of current-mode CMOS circuits. The design example shows that the design presented in this paper is better than the design proposed by G. W. Dueck et al. (1987).
基金supported by NIH/NIMH grant R01MH111619(to SQ),R21AG078700(to SQ)Institute of Mental Health Research(IMHR,Level 1 funding,to SQ and DF)institution startup fund from The University of Arizona(to SQ)。
文摘Loss of synapse and functional connectivity in brain circuits is associated with aging and neurodegeneration,however,few molecular mechanisms are known to intrinsically promote synaptogenesis or enhance synapse function.We have previously shown that MET receptor tyrosine kinase in the developing cortical circuits promotes dendritic growth and dendritic spine morphogenesis.To investigate whether enhancing MET in adult cortex has synapse regenerating potential,we created a knockin mouse line,in which the human MET gene expression and signaling can be turned on in adult(10–12 months)cortical neurons through doxycycline-containing chow.We found that similar to the developing brain,turning on MET signaling in the adult cortex activates small GTPases and increases spine density in prefrontal projection neurons.These findings are further corroborated by increased synaptic activity and transient generation of immature silent synapses.Prolonged MET signaling resulted in an increasedα-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid/N-methyl-Daspartate(AMPA/NMDA)receptor current ratio,indicative of enhanced synaptic function and connectivity.Our data reveal that enhancing MET signaling could be an interventional approach to promote synaptogenesis and preserve functional connectivity in the adult brain.These findings may have implications for regenerative therapy in aging and neurodegeneration conditions.
文摘This Special Topic of the Journal of Semiconductors(JOS)features expanded versions of key articles presented at the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits Technologies and Applications(ICTA),which was held in Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China,from October 25 to 27,2024.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82172372 and 82260290)the Opening Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering (No. 2023-M04)
文摘Strand displacement-based DNA circuits have emerged as highly effective tools for molecular computation,serving purposes of amplification or decision-making.They are favored for their inherent occurrence and sensitivity to external conditions.However,achieving enhanced amplification or decision-making necessitates the incorporation of multiple strands,thereby increasing the risk of contamination.Recent advancements have led to the development of CRISPR-Cas-based DNA circuits.These systems aim to simplify the complexity associated with conventional circuits,mitigate contamination risks,and enable more substantial amplification or decision-making capabilities.Here,the review article centers on current strategies of CRISPR-Cas(Cas9,Cas12a,Cas13a)system-assisted circuits in amplification and decisionmaking,and assesses their tendencies and limitations in amplification circuits and decision-making circuits.Furthermore,we discuss the challenges of CRISPR-Cas in circuits and propose prospects that will contribute to constructing more efficient and diverse CRISPR-Cas-based DNA functional circuits.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12174157, 12074150, and 12174158)。
文摘We investigate the topological properties of the non-Hermitian Kitaev chain by exploiting the versatility of the circuit.We implement non-reciprocal coupling through a negative impedance converter with current inversion(INIC). By conducting impedance measurements between neighboring nodes, we identify both topologically non-trivial and trivial phases within the circuit's admittance band dispersion under open boundary conditions(OBC). Our analysis of complex admittance spectra reveals differences when comparing circuits with periodic boundary conditions(PBC) to those with OBC.Furthermore, we observe Z_(2) skin effects and Majorana zero modes in the topologically non-trivial phases, which are robust against disorders. Notably, the admittance spectra exhibit remarkable sensitivity to the attenuation of the boundary coupling strength. This AC circuit system serves as a promising platform for investigating topological phenomena, opening avenues for the development of functional devices across various application scenarios.
文摘Vocational undergraduate education has entered a new stage of high-quality development,making the cultivation of students'learning ability a core issue in enhancing talent cultivation quality.This study conducted a questionnaire survey with 177 students majoring in integrated circuits at Shenzhen Polytechnic University(SZPU),focusing on six dimensions:self-learning proficiency,academic competence,goal planning,self-discipline,learning initiative,and learning environment.The results indicate that while students possess a solid learning foundation and clear career planning,significant deficiencies exist in the execution of academic plans,self-discipline,and learning initiative.In response to these issues,this study proposes four systematic improvement pathways from the institutional perspective:establishing a closed-loop academic navigation system incorporating“goal-process-feedback”,creating an immersive“virtual-physical integrated”learning environment,implementing a multi-dimensional“cognitive-affective-practical”initiative activation plan,and building a synergistic cultivation mechanism for“self-discipline and core competencies”.The findings aim to provide references for talent cultivation and teaching reform in vocational undergraduate integrated circuit programs.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LD25A050002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12375021)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1404203).
文摘Quantum many-body systems lie at the heart of modern fundamental physics.The study of these systems has revealed a plethora of fascinating phenomena,such as quantum thermalization,many-body localization,and quantum many-body scars.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in understanding quantum many-body scars and non-ergodic dynamics in quantum systems on superconducting-circuit platforms,ranging from theoretical mechanisms and effective models to experimental observations.
文摘With the rapid development of electronic information engineering,high-speed digital circuits have been increasingly widely applied in various fields.In high-speed digital circuits,signal integrity is prone to interference from various external factors,leading to issues such as signal distortion or degradation of system performance.Based on this,this paper conducts research on the optimization strategies for signal integrity of high-speed digital circuits in electronic information engineering.It deeply analyzes the importance of high-speed digital circuits,elaborates on the challenges they face and the specific manifestations of signal integrity issues,and proposes a series of optimization strategies in electronic information engineering.The aim is to improve the signal integrity of highspeed digital circuits and provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the development of related fields.
基金Project supported by the Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(Grant No.KQTD20210811090049034)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0301703)。
文摘With the rapid scaling of superconducting quantum processors,electronic control systems relying on commercial off-the-shelf instruments face critical bottlenecks in signal density,power consumption,and crosstalk mitigation.Here we present a custom dual-channel direct current(DC)source module(QPower)dedicated to large-scale superconducting quantum processors.The module delivers a voltage range of±7 V with 200 m A maximum current per channel,while achieving the following key performance benchmarks:noise spectral density of√Hz at 10 k Hz,output ripple<500μV_(pp)within 20 MHz bandwidth,and long-term voltage drift<5μVpp over 12 hours.Integrated into the control electronics of a 66-qubit quantum processor,QPower enables qubit coherence time of T_(1)=87.6μs and Ramsey dephasing time of T_(2)=5.1μs,with qubit resonance frequency drift constrained to±40 k Hz during 12-hour operation.This modular design is compact in size and efficient in energy consumption,providing a scalable DC source solution for intermediate-scale quantum processors with stringent noise and stability requirements,with potential extensions to other quantum hardware platforms and precision measurement systems.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2022YFE0107400)the internal research funding from Photonic View Technology Technology Co.,Ltd.the GuangCi Deep Mind Project of Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.
文摘The single-molecule detection tech-nique plays a pivotal role in elucidat-ing the fundamental mechanisms of various scientific processes at the molecular level,and holds essential im-portance in multiple fields including physics,biology,and chemistry.Re-cently,single-molecule detection has garnered increasing attention owing to its practical utility in medical diagno-sis,primarily due to its exceptional sensitivity and the minimal sample volume required for analysis.However,the conventional single-molecule technique,represented by total internal reflection microscopy,faces challenges such as sophisticated operation procedures and limited detection throughput,thereby impeding its broader application.To address these limitations,we have demonstrated single-molecule detection using an integrated silicon photonic chip,of-fering a cost-effective and user-friendly alternative.By employing basic optics,we efficiently introduce the excitation source for single-molecule fluorescence by harnessing the strong evanescent field of high refractive-index waveguides.Subsequently,fluorescence signals are collected using basic optics comprising a water-immersion objective,relay optics,and a digi-tal camera.Our results highlight a low-cost,high-throughput single-molecule technique achieved through the integrated silicon photonic chip.This innovative approach is promised to facilitate the widespread adoption of single-molecule fluorescence in medical diagnosis.
基金supported by start-up capital of Ningbo Eastern Institute of technology。
文摘The relentless down-scaling of electronics grands the modern integrated circuits(ICs)with the high speed,low power dissipation and low cost,fulfilling diverse demands of modern life.Whereas,with the semiconductor industry entering into sub-10 nm technology nodes,degrading device performance and increasing power consumption give rise to insurmountable roadblocks confronted by modern ICs that need to be conquered to sustain the Moore law's life.Bulk semiconductors like prevalent Si are plagued by seriously degraded carrier mobility as thickness thinning down to sub-5 nm,which is imperative to maintain sufficient gate electrostatic controllability to combat the increasingly degraded short channel effects.Nowadays,the emergence of two-dimensional(2D)materials opens up new gateway to eschew the hurdles laid in front of the scaling trend of modern IC,mainly ascribed to their ultimately atomic thickness,capability to maintain carrier mobility with thickness thinning down,dangling-bonds free surface,wide bandgaps tunability and feasibility to constitute diverse heterostructures.Blossoming breakthroughs in discrete electronic device,such as contact engineering,dielectric integration and vigorous channel-length scaling,or large circuits arrays,as boosted yields,improved variations and full-functioned processor fabrication,based on 2D materials have been achieved nowadays,facilitating 2D materials to step under the spotlight of IC industry to be treated as the most potential future successor or complementary counterpart of incumbent Si to further sustain the down-scaling of modern IC.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2023YFC3603705(to DX)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82302866(to YZ).
文摘After spinal cord injury,impairment of the sensorimotor circuit can lead to dysfunction in the motor,sensory,proprioceptive,and autonomic nervous systems.Functional recovery is often hindered by constraints on the timing of interventions,combined with the limitations of current methods.To address these challenges,various techniques have been developed to aid in the repair and reconstruction of neural circuits at different stages of injury.Notably,neuromodulation has garnered considerable attention for its potential to enhance nerve regeneration,provide neuroprotection,restore neurons,and regulate the neural reorganization of circuits within the cerebral cortex and corticospinal tract.To improve the effectiveness of these interventions,the implementation of multitarget early interventional neuromodulation strategies,such as electrical and magnetic stimulation,is recommended to enhance functional recovery across different phases of nerve injury.This review concisely outlines the challenges encountered following spinal cord injury,synthesizes existing neurostimulation techniques while emphasizing neuroprotection,repair,and regeneration of impaired connections,and advocates for multi-targeted,task-oriented,and timely interventions.
文摘This article proposes a multi-tiered fault detection system for series-connected lithium-ion battery modules.Improper use of batteries can lead to electrolyte decomposition,resulting in the formation of lithium dendrites.These dendrites may pierce the separator,leading to the failure of the insulation layer between electrodes and causing micro short circuits.When a micro short circuit occurs,the electrolyte typically undergoes exothermic reactions,leading to thermal runaway and posing a safety risk to users.Relying solely on temperature-based judgment mechanisms within the battery management system often results in delayed intervention.To address this issue,the article develops a multi-tiered fault detection algorithm for series-connected lithium-ion batteries.This algorithm can effectively diagnose micro short circuits,aging,and normal batteries using minimal battery data,thereby improving diagnostic accuracy and enhancing the flexibility of fault detection.Simulations and experiments conducted under various levels of micro short circuits validate the effectiveness of the algorithm,demonstrating its ability to distinguish between short-circuited,aged,and normal batteries under different conditions.This technology can be applied to electric vehicles and energy storage systems,enabling early warnings to ensure safety and prevent thermal runaway.
文摘This paper presents a novel current-mode biquadratic circuit employing only plus type DVCCs(differential voltage current conveyors).The circuit enables LP(low-pass),BP(band-pass),HP(high-pass),BS(band-stop)and AP(all-pass)responses by the selection and addition of the input and output currents without any component matching constraints.Moreover the circuit parametersω0 and Q can be set orthogonally adjusting the circuit components.A design example is given together with simulation results by PSPICE.
基金supported by Basic Research Programs of Science and Technology Commission Foundation of Shanxi Province,No.20210302123486(to WJ).
文摘Epilepsy,a common neurological disorder,is characterized by recurrent seizures that can lead to cognitive,psychological,and neurobiological consequences.The pathogenesis of epilepsy involves neuronal dysfunction at the molecular,cellular,and neural circuit levels.Abnormal molecular signaling pathways or dysfunction of specific cell types can lead to epilepsy by disrupting the normal functioning of neural circuits.The continuous emergence of new technologies and the rapid advancement of existing ones have facilitated the discovery and comprehensive understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms underlying epilepsy.Therefore,this review aims to investigate the current understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms in epilepsy based on various technologies,including electroencephalography,magnetic resonance imaging,optogenetics,chemogenetics,deep brain stimulation,and brain-computer interfaces.Additionally,this review discusses these mechanisms from three perspectives:structural,synaptic,and transmitter circuits.The findings reveal that the neural circuit mechanisms of epilepsy encompass information transmission among different structures,interactions within the same structure,and the maintenance of homeostasis at the cellular,synaptic,and neurotransmitter levels.These findings offer new insights for investigating the pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy and enhancing its clinical diagnosis and treatment.
文摘Based on the physical characteristics of SiGe material,a new three-dimensional （3D） CMOS IC structure is proposed,in which the first device layer is made of Si material for nMOS devices and the second device layer is made of Six Ge1- x material for pMOS. The intrinsic performance of ICs with the new structure is then limited by Si nMOS.The electrical characteristics of a Si-SiGe 3D CMOS device and inverter are all simulated and analyzed by MEDICI. The simulation results indicate that the Si-SiGe 3D CMOS ICs are faster than the Si-Si 3D CMOS ICs. The delay time of the 3D Si-SiGe CMOS inverter is 2-3ps,which is shorter than that of the 3D Si-Si CMOS inverter.
文摘A current-mode DC-DC buck converter with high stability is presented. The loop gain＇s expression of the current-mode converter is derived by employing an advanced model of a current-mode control converter. After analyzing the loop gain＇s expression, which illustrates the method of selecting suitable frequency compensation for the control loop,a novel pole-zero tracking frequency compensation is proposed. Based on theoretical analysis, a DC-DC buck converter with high stability is designed with 0.5μm-CMOS technology. The simulated results reveal that the stability of the converter is independent of the load current and the input voltage. Moreover,the converter provides a full load transient response setting time of less than 5μs and overshoots and undershoots of less than 30mV.
