Iron deficiency (ID), defined as an insufficient supply of iron to the cells of the body after iron reserves have been exhausted, is the most prevalent single nutritional deficiency, affecting over 2, 000 million peop...Iron deficiency (ID), defined as an insufficient supply of iron to the cells of the body after iron reserves have been exhausted, is the most prevalent single nutritional deficiency, affecting over 2, 000 million people, mostly in the developing world. Infants, small children, adolescents and pregnant and fertile-age women are most vulnerable. Only about 50 % of people with ID develop iron deficiency anemia (IDA), since this is a late manifes tation of chronic ID. Based on the average daily iron requirement and on the rate of iron reutilization from red cell hemoglobin destruction, it can be estimated that after iron stores have been depleted, it takes about 4 months of ID erythropoiesis for adult women to have a drop in hemoglobin concentration [Hb] of 10 g/l, if the iron intake is only 70 % of requirement. IDA can be defined by a [Hb] below an appropriate cut-off point for age,sex, physiological condition and altitude above sea level, or by a [Hb] increment of morethan 10 g/l to the administration of adequate doses of iron. More than 85 % of the nutritional anemias are IDA alone, or of iron combined with folate or other nutrient deficiencies [WHO/UNICEF/UNU, 1997; Yip, 1994].展开更多
目的明确慢性病患者感知控制概念的定义及内涵,为制订干预措施提高其感知控制水平提供借鉴。方法系统检索Web of Science、PubMed、中国知网、万方、维普数据库中慢性病患者感知控制的相关文献,检索时间为各数据库建库至2024年1月。采用...目的明确慢性病患者感知控制概念的定义及内涵,为制订干预措施提高其感知控制水平提供借鉴。方法系统检索Web of Science、PubMed、中国知网、万方、维普数据库中慢性病患者感知控制的相关文献,检索时间为各数据库建库至2024年1月。采用Rodgers演化概念分析法进行分析。结果共纳入39篇文献。慢性病患者感知控制包括贯穿疾病管理周期、多维度交互影响、以调整重评内部资源为依托、以实现健康行为重塑为导向4个概念属性,其先决条件包括患者人口学因素、疾病相关因素、心理及社会因素;结果包括影响患者自我管理行为、影响患者生活质量、影响患者症状负担;测量指标为慢性病患者感知控制水平。结论通过概念分析明确了慢性病患者感知控制的概念属性,有助于护理人员结合感知控制内涵,识别慢性病患者感知控制特征并制订针对性干预措施,以提高其感知控制水平,帮助其预防或减轻疾病管理失控,促进其身心健康。展开更多
文摘Iron deficiency (ID), defined as an insufficient supply of iron to the cells of the body after iron reserves have been exhausted, is the most prevalent single nutritional deficiency, affecting over 2, 000 million people, mostly in the developing world. Infants, small children, adolescents and pregnant and fertile-age women are most vulnerable. Only about 50 % of people with ID develop iron deficiency anemia (IDA), since this is a late manifes tation of chronic ID. Based on the average daily iron requirement and on the rate of iron reutilization from red cell hemoglobin destruction, it can be estimated that after iron stores have been depleted, it takes about 4 months of ID erythropoiesis for adult women to have a drop in hemoglobin concentration [Hb] of 10 g/l, if the iron intake is only 70 % of requirement. IDA can be defined by a [Hb] below an appropriate cut-off point for age,sex, physiological condition and altitude above sea level, or by a [Hb] increment of morethan 10 g/l to the administration of adequate doses of iron. More than 85 % of the nutritional anemias are IDA alone, or of iron combined with folate or other nutrient deficiencies [WHO/UNICEF/UNU, 1997; Yip, 1994].
文摘目的明确慢性病患者感知控制概念的定义及内涵,为制订干预措施提高其感知控制水平提供借鉴。方法系统检索Web of Science、PubMed、中国知网、万方、维普数据库中慢性病患者感知控制的相关文献,检索时间为各数据库建库至2024年1月。采用Rodgers演化概念分析法进行分析。结果共纳入39篇文献。慢性病患者感知控制包括贯穿疾病管理周期、多维度交互影响、以调整重评内部资源为依托、以实现健康行为重塑为导向4个概念属性,其先决条件包括患者人口学因素、疾病相关因素、心理及社会因素;结果包括影响患者自我管理行为、影响患者生活质量、影响患者症状负担;测量指标为慢性病患者感知控制水平。结论通过概念分析明确了慢性病患者感知控制的概念属性,有助于护理人员结合感知控制内涵,识别慢性病患者感知控制特征并制订针对性干预措施,以提高其感知控制水平,帮助其预防或减轻疾病管理失控,促进其身心健康。
