By organically integrating ideological and political elements into the civil engineering construction organization design course,and through methods such as course content reconstruction,guidance of typical cases,and ...By organically integrating ideological and political elements into the civil engineering construction organization design course,and through methods such as course content reconstruction,guidance of typical cases,and integration into project practices,a teaching model centered on professional skills cultivation and oriented towards value guidance is constructed.In the teaching links such as the formulation of construction plans,the control of construction progress,and the optimal allocation of resources,ideological and political education contents such as engineering ethics,safe production,and responsibility and commitment are integrated to enhance students’sense of social responsibility and professional mission,and achieve the goal of collaborative education of knowledge imparting and value guidance.Teaching practice shows that this integrated path is conducive to improving students’comprehensive quality and promoting the synchronous development of professional ability and ideological quality.展开更多
This paper focuses on the construction organization design of office building projects.It elucidates its concept,core elements,and characteristics,highlighting the shortcomings of traditional designs.The paper introdu...This paper focuses on the construction organization design of office building projects.It elucidates its concept,core elements,and characteristics,highlighting the shortcomings of traditional designs.The paper introduces the improvement effects of technologies such as prefabricated curtain walls,the collaborative optimization role of BIM technology,and various optimization methods,including the establishment of work breakdown structures and the creation of progress deviation warning systems.It also touches on aspects like green construction and risk management.Finally,it emphasizes the significance of optimizing construction organization design,addresses research deficiencies,and looks forward to future research directions.展开更多
In order to collect rainwater and resist drought to enhance the utilization rate of rainfall and water resources, through project rainwater harvesting measures, the total annual rainwater harvesting amount of the six ...In order to collect rainwater and resist drought to enhance the utilization rate of rainfall and water resources, through project rainwater harvesting measures, the total annual rainwater harvesting amount of the six greenhouses was calculated according to annual average precipitation 542.2 mm, up to 1 095.7 m^3. The upper natural slopes of cultivated land were as rainwater harvesting areas, and total annual rainwater harvesting amount was 49 242 m^3 on the mountain slopes with an area of 73.37 hm^2, while total water storage amount was 39 394 m^3 in theory, so it could meet water use for the irrigation of 26.28 hm^2 of T. sinensis land. To be convenient for rainwater harvesting, irrigation and supplying water to the water-saving cellars, one pert-cut and part-fill reservoir （which was 470 m^3 in volume） was built on the mountain slopes at the right rear of the greenhouses, and their altitude difference was 50 m. The reservoir was sealed and was built with reinforced concrete. Water-saving cellars were distributed in front and the middle and at the back of two rows of greenhouses, and they were connected with each other. The reservoir could supply water to the water-saving cellars and also collect water by mountain slopes, from the lower water-saving cellars or deep wells. Two rainwater hervesting ditches that were 1 650 m in length were at the lower edge of arable land in the upper reaches of slopes to intercept rainfall runoff and make it flow into channels and then the sedimentation tanks. The total annual rainwater harvesting amount of the reservoir and water-saving cellars was 1 222.5 m^3.展开更多
The design method of a 6-axis force robot's transducer based on the Stewartplatform is detailed. For this purpose, the sensitivity isotropy evaluation criteria of thetransducer are defined, and by the aid of compu...The design method of a 6-axis force robot's transducer based on the Stewartplatform is detailed. For this purpose, the sensitivity isotropy evaluation criteria of thetransducer are defined, and by the aid of computer, the relationships between the criteria and theparameters of all the transducers based on the Stewart platform are investigated within thegeometric model of the solution space, which can provide the theoretical background for the optimalconstruction design of the 6-axis force transducer related to the sensitivity isotropy.展开更多
Deformation and failure of high slope impact the construction and operation safety of highway in the mountainous areas. The deformation and failure are mainly caused by poor design which normally has not well combined...Deformation and failure of high slope impact the construction and operation safety of highway in the mountainous areas. The deformation and failure are mainly caused by poor design which normally has not well combined with the geological conditions and unplanned construction. Therefore, effective design and construction management should be conducted for ensuring a successful construction without damage and risk. In light of the reality of high slope construction along highway in the Huangshan area, this paper proposes a technical procedure for dynamic design and construction management of high slopes along highway in the mountainous area. The proposed construction management scheme is divided into three phases, i.e., 1) design phase, 2) preparation phase of excavation, and 3) construction phase. During the design phase, experiences and lessons learnt from the design and construction of other high slopes along highway in the same region are summarized. The number of slopes and slope height should be optimized from the aspects of route selection and route form. During the preparation phase of excavation, "Excavation Permit Management System" should be adopted, and construction scheme should be made by the construction unit, then the scientific research and design unit determine whether it guarantees slope stability and makes optimization measures. During the construction phase, the scientific research unit would make proposal of optimization design, and apply the achievements of scientific research into practice through common efforts of various units based on the understanding of excavation and investigation. The management system mentioned above is adopted to conduct dynamic design and construction management for more than 90 slopes along the Huangshan - Taling - Taolin Expressway, and successful results of application have been achieved.展开更多
The The Great-West Dyke with a length of 6.7 km, the largest sea wall in China, was completed in June, 1994. This paper introduces structure options of nibble mound sea wall on soft foundation and a new type of armour...The The Great-West Dyke with a length of 6.7 km, the largest sea wall in China, was completed in June, 1994. This paper introduces structure options of nibble mound sea wall on soft foundation and a new type of armour block-hexagon multihole block (HMB) and a new method of treatment for soft foundation by using underwater explosion. Construction practice of some projects in China shows that by using this method good effect of treatment and marked economic benefit can be achieved by using this method.展开更多
The high and large span cast-in-place reinforced concrete cantilever structure of the office building of some court, which is located I-steel at the cantilever and used steel pipe scaffold as the support, has guarante...The high and large span cast-in-place reinforced concrete cantilever structure of the office building of some court, which is located I-steel at the cantilever and used steel pipe scaffold as the support, has guaranteed the frame body and structure security by the frame body calculating, on-site test and reasonable construction order.展开更多
It is avery important field for educational researcher to use collaborative educational platform to manage and educate students. With the development of the Internet and the popularization of computers, cooperative ed...It is avery important field for educational researcher to use collaborative educational platform to manage and educate students. With the development of the Internet and the popularization of computers, cooperative education is becoming increasingly important. In consideration of the immature stage of the current domestic collaborative education platform, in order to promote the communication among students, teachers and parents, and to facilitate the collaborative supervision and management of teachers and parents, we design and construct the family-school collaborative education platform.展开更多
The construction organization design for the construction process has important guiding significance;perfect construction organization design is a necessary link before the construction. Scientific and reasonable cons...The construction organization design for the construction process has important guiding significance;perfect construction organization design is a necessary link before the construction. Scientific and reasonable construction organization design can not only optimize the allocation of resources, improve the efficiency of resource utilization, but also enhance the professional cooperation between different types of work, reduce the cost of construction. This paper will analyze and discuss the problems existing in the process of construction organization design from the content and preparation process of construction organization design of construction engineering, and put forward improvement measures of construction organization design of construction engineering.展开更多
Nowadays, most commercial large-scale buildings often adopt glass curtain wall as exterior facade decoration. Glass curtain wall can not only reduce the noise pollution, but also reduce the noise pollution, thermal in...Nowadays, most commercial large-scale buildings often adopt glass curtain wall as exterior facade decoration. Glass curtain wall can not only reduce the noise pollution, but also reduce the noise pollution, thermal insulation, but also can improve the appearance of the building facade, reduce the self-weight of the building itself. However, glass curtain wall is often used in high-rise building construction, and high-rise building itself construction difficulties have a certain degree of danger. So how to ensure the curtain wall design beautiful and reasonable at the same time to improve construction safety has become the focus of the study. This paper mainly analyzes the design and construction of glass curtain wall, puts forward the problems in the design and construction and gives the solutions, so as to provide some support for improving the application of glass curtain wall in architecture.展开更多
Farmland water conservancy project is an important part of agricultural economy and agricultural ecology. In the design of farmland water conservancy projects, we should pay attention to the science and rationality of...Farmland water conservancy project is an important part of agricultural economy and agricultural ecology. In the design of farmland water conservancy projects, we should pay attention to the science and rationality of the design. Whether the channel design of farmland water conservancy project is reasonable is closely related to the operation effect of farmland water conservancy project system. Scientific and reasonable channel design and construction management are conducive to improving the level of farmland flood control. Based on this, this paper discusses the design and construction of small farmland water conservancy channels.展开更多
Prefabricated component production is to process and manufacture the components required by the project in factory production mode, then transport them to the site, and then assemble and pour. This kind of building gr...Prefabricated component production is to process and manufacture the components required by the project in factory production mode, then transport them to the site, and then assemble and pour. This kind of building greatly shortens the construction cycle, effectively shortens the construction period, improves the construction quality and the economic benefits of the project, and lays the foundation for the steady development of the construction industry.展开更多
At present, people have higher requirements for building water supply and drainage design and other contents. Under such circumstances, it is necessary to effectively improve the water supply and drainage design level...At present, people have higher requirements for building water supply and drainage design and other contents. Under such circumstances, it is necessary to effectively improve the water supply and drainage design level to a greater extent, more fully integrate the scientific concept of development and related concepts of energy conservation and environmental protection, and realize energy-saving and emission-reduction design. Only in this way can better energy-saving and emission-reduction effects be reflected, and necessary guarantee be provided for the improvement of the overall project quality and energy-saving and environmental protection benefits. Based on this, it is necessary to analyze the existing problems and countermeasures in the energy-saving and water-saving design of water supply and drainage of buildings.展开更多
This paper mainly introduces the designand construction of the multi-flue chimneysof Beilungang Power Plant, ShidongkouSecond Power Plant and Waigaoqiao PowerPlant which have been used in East Chinaarea. This paper co...This paper mainly introduces the designand construction of the multi-flue chimneysof Beilungang Power Plant, ShidongkouSecond Power Plant and Waigaoqiao PowerPlant which have been used in East Chinaarea. This paper contains the generalsituation of construction, material selection,lifting scheme of steel inner flue, designfeatures and construction method. It could bereferential to concerned design andconstruction companies.展开更多
with the rapid development of the construction industry, resource waste is common. Water supply and drainage water-saving technology can improve the utilization rate of water resources in building water supply and dra...with the rapid development of the construction industry, resource waste is common. Water supply and drainage water-saving technology can improve the utilization rate of water resources in building water supply and drainage, effectively alleviate the problem of lack of water resources, strengthen the research and application of water supply and drainage water-saving technology, and further optimize the construction process of water supply and drainage.展开更多
Energy conservation and emissions reduction in the construction industry are important steps in achieving China’s goals of peak carbon emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.The premise for building carbon e...Energy conservation and emissions reduction in the construction industry are important steps in achieving China’s goals of peak carbon emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.The premise for building carbon emission(CE)reduction is to produce accurate CE calculations.Existing calculation methods for building CEs have many problems,such as complicated calculations,large data demands,time-consuming and laborious processes,weak design orientation of results,and poor feedback on emission reduction.At the same time,the calculation of CEs during the process of architectural design faces obstacles such as uncertainty of information,incomplete data,and difficulty in obtaining a bill of quantities based on design information.To resolve these obstacles,this study,based on a designer’s vocabulary and thinking mode,describes the construction of a“design-oriented”calculation methods for building-embodied carbon emissions(ECEs).The prediction and assessment of the impact on the building environment during the architectural design process were helpful for identifying the key areas for carbon reduction,exploring potential emission reduction hotspots,and providing timely feedback for design optimization,which can have important theoretical value and practical significance in promoting the construction of low-carbon buildings.展开更多
To compensate for the imperfection of traditional bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization, material interpolation scheme and sensitivity filter functions are introduced. A suitable filter can overcome the ...To compensate for the imperfection of traditional bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization, material interpolation scheme and sensitivity filter functions are introduced. A suitable filter can overcome the checkerboard and mesh-dependency. And the historical information on accurate elemental sensitivity numbers are used to keep the objective function converging steadily. Apart from rational intervals of the relevant important parameters, the concept of distinguishing between active and non-active elements design is proposed, which can be widely used for improving the function and artistry of structures directly, especially for a one whose accurate size is not given. Furthermore, user-friendly software packages are developed to enhance its accessibility for practicing engineers and architects. And to reduce the time cost for large timeconsuming complex structure optimization, parallel computing is built-in in the MATLAB codes. The program is easy to use for engineers who may not be familiar with either FEA or structure optimization. And developers can make a deep research on the algorithm by changing the MATLAB codes. Several classical examples are given to show that the improved BESO method is superior for its handy and utility computer program software.展开更多
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell denoted as CAR-T therapy has realized incredible therapeutic advancements for B cell malignancy treatment.However,its therapeutic validity has yet to be successfully achieved in solid ...Chimeric antigen receptor T cell denoted as CAR-T therapy has realized incredible therapeutic advancements for B cell malignancy treatment.However,its therapeutic validity has yet to be successfully achieved in solid tumors.Different from hematological cancers,solid tumors are characterized by dysregulated blood vessels,dense extracellular matrix,and filled with immunosuppressive signals,which together result in CAR-T cells’insufficient infiltration and rapid dysfunction.The insufficient recognition of tumor cells and tumor heterogeneity eventually causes cancer reoccurrences.In addition,CAR-T therapy also raises safety concerns,including potential cytokine release storm,on-target/off-tumor toxicities,and neuro-system side effects.Here we comprehensively review various targeting aspects,including CAR-T cell design,tumor modulation,and delivery strategy.We believe it is essential to rationally design a combinatory CAR-T therapy via constructing optimized CAR-T cells,directly manipulating tumor tissue microenvironments,and selecting the most suitable delivery strategy to achieve the optimal outcome in both safety and efficacy.展开更多
In this paper, the author gives a brief introduction to the evolution of FIDIC conditions of contract, particularly the background of the 1999 new editions. A detailed discussion is made of the applying prospects refe...In this paper, the author gives a brief introduction to the evolution of FIDIC conditions of contract, particularly the background of the 1999 new editions. A detailed discussion is made of the applying prospects referring to the new editions of FIDIC Conditions of Contract in China in 6 aspects: revisions of the existing model contract forms; finding solutions to the payment delay problem; advocating the Design/Build and EPC turnkey project delivery system; clarifying the roles of supervising engineers and opening up the new regions of their work. This paper also prepares a short form model contract for small projects in China, improving the settlement of construction disputes.展开更多
[Objectives]This study aimed at providing gist for selecting qualified transport containers by comparing the performance of common SPF mouse transport containers at home and abroad,and laying a foundation for subseque...[Objectives]This study aimed at providing gist for selecting qualified transport containers by comparing the performance of common SPF mouse transport containers at home and abroad,and laying a foundation for subsequent improvement of transport containers.[Methods]In this study,5 different transport containers were selected,and their microbial filtration performance,ventilation,sterilization method and flux,and other related design and construction were analyzed.[Results]The results showed all 5 SPF mouse transport containers can provide enough air for the survival of mouse and protect them from bacterial infections.Transport container B and D are superior to others on one-time sterilization flux and deformation degree after autoclaving.Furthermore,taking into account the related design and construction of these transport containers,such as viewing window and carrying handle,the result of comprehensive comparison is that the transport container D>A>E>C>B.[Conclusions]In summary,the 5 SPF transport containers tested in this study can all satisfy the basic demand of SPF mouse transportation,but each transport container has its own advantages and disadvantages on storage space,deformation degree after autoclaving and other aspects.Thus,SPF mouse transport containers should be selected by different demand.展开更多
文摘By organically integrating ideological and political elements into the civil engineering construction organization design course,and through methods such as course content reconstruction,guidance of typical cases,and integration into project practices,a teaching model centered on professional skills cultivation and oriented towards value guidance is constructed.In the teaching links such as the formulation of construction plans,the control of construction progress,and the optimal allocation of resources,ideological and political education contents such as engineering ethics,safe production,and responsibility and commitment are integrated to enhance students’sense of social responsibility and professional mission,and achieve the goal of collaborative education of knowledge imparting and value guidance.Teaching practice shows that this integrated path is conducive to improving students’comprehensive quality and promoting the synchronous development of professional ability and ideological quality.
文摘This paper focuses on the construction organization design of office building projects.It elucidates its concept,core elements,and characteristics,highlighting the shortcomings of traditional designs.The paper introduces the improvement effects of technologies such as prefabricated curtain walls,the collaborative optimization role of BIM technology,and various optimization methods,including the establishment of work breakdown structures and the creation of progress deviation warning systems.It also touches on aspects like green construction and risk management.Finally,it emphasizes the significance of optimizing construction organization design,addresses research deficiencies,and looks forward to future research directions.
基金Supported by Key Technology R&D Program Project of Shijiazhuang City(141520208A)~~
文摘In order to collect rainwater and resist drought to enhance the utilization rate of rainfall and water resources, through project rainwater harvesting measures, the total annual rainwater harvesting amount of the six greenhouses was calculated according to annual average precipitation 542.2 mm, up to 1 095.7 m^3. The upper natural slopes of cultivated land were as rainwater harvesting areas, and total annual rainwater harvesting amount was 49 242 m^3 on the mountain slopes with an area of 73.37 hm^2, while total water storage amount was 39 394 m^3 in theory, so it could meet water use for the irrigation of 26.28 hm^2 of T. sinensis land. To be convenient for rainwater harvesting, irrigation and supplying water to the water-saving cellars, one pert-cut and part-fill reservoir （which was 470 m^3 in volume） was built on the mountain slopes at the right rear of the greenhouses, and their altitude difference was 50 m. The reservoir was sealed and was built with reinforced concrete. Water-saving cellars were distributed in front and the middle and at the back of two rows of greenhouses, and they were connected with each other. The reservoir could supply water to the water-saving cellars and also collect water by mountain slopes, from the lower water-saving cellars or deep wells. Two rainwater hervesting ditches that were 1 650 m in length were at the lower edge of arable land in the upper reaches of slopes to intercept rainfall runoff and make it flow into channels and then the sedimentation tanks. The total annual rainwater harvesting amount of the reservoir and water-saving cellars was 1 222.5 m^3.
基金This project is supported by National 863 plan(No.512-9804-02)Robotics Laboratory,Chinese Academy of Sciences Foundation, China
文摘The design method of a 6-axis force robot's transducer based on the Stewartplatform is detailed. For this purpose, the sensitivity isotropy evaluation criteria of thetransducer are defined, and by the aid of computer, the relationships between the criteria and theparameters of all the transducers based on the Stewart platform are investigated within thegeometric model of the solution space, which can provide the theoretical background for the optimalconstruction design of the 6-axis force transducer related to the sensitivity isotropy.
文摘Deformation and failure of high slope impact the construction and operation safety of highway in the mountainous areas. The deformation and failure are mainly caused by poor design which normally has not well combined with the geological conditions and unplanned construction. Therefore, effective design and construction management should be conducted for ensuring a successful construction without damage and risk. In light of the reality of high slope construction along highway in the Huangshan area, this paper proposes a technical procedure for dynamic design and construction management of high slopes along highway in the mountainous area. The proposed construction management scheme is divided into three phases, i.e., 1) design phase, 2) preparation phase of excavation, and 3) construction phase. During the design phase, experiences and lessons learnt from the design and construction of other high slopes along highway in the same region are summarized. The number of slopes and slope height should be optimized from the aspects of route selection and route form. During the preparation phase of excavation, "Excavation Permit Management System" should be adopted, and construction scheme should be made by the construction unit, then the scientific research and design unit determine whether it guarantees slope stability and makes optimization measures. During the construction phase, the scientific research unit would make proposal of optimization design, and apply the achievements of scientific research into practice through common efforts of various units based on the understanding of excavation and investigation. The management system mentioned above is adopted to conduct dynamic design and construction management for more than 90 slopes along the Huangshan - Taling - Taolin Expressway, and successful results of application have been achieved.
文摘The The Great-West Dyke with a length of 6.7 km, the largest sea wall in China, was completed in June, 1994. This paper introduces structure options of nibble mound sea wall on soft foundation and a new type of armour block-hexagon multihole block (HMB) and a new method of treatment for soft foundation by using underwater explosion. Construction practice of some projects in China shows that by using this method good effect of treatment and marked economic benefit can be achieved by using this method.
文摘The high and large span cast-in-place reinforced concrete cantilever structure of the office building of some court, which is located I-steel at the cantilever and used steel pipe scaffold as the support, has guaranteed the frame body and structure security by the frame body calculating, on-site test and reasonable construction order.
文摘It is avery important field for educational researcher to use collaborative educational platform to manage and educate students. With the development of the Internet and the popularization of computers, cooperative education is becoming increasingly important. In consideration of the immature stage of the current domestic collaborative education platform, in order to promote the communication among students, teachers and parents, and to facilitate the collaborative supervision and management of teachers and parents, we design and construct the family-school collaborative education platform.
文摘The construction organization design for the construction process has important guiding significance;perfect construction organization design is a necessary link before the construction. Scientific and reasonable construction organization design can not only optimize the allocation of resources, improve the efficiency of resource utilization, but also enhance the professional cooperation between different types of work, reduce the cost of construction. This paper will analyze and discuss the problems existing in the process of construction organization design from the content and preparation process of construction organization design of construction engineering, and put forward improvement measures of construction organization design of construction engineering.
文摘Nowadays, most commercial large-scale buildings often adopt glass curtain wall as exterior facade decoration. Glass curtain wall can not only reduce the noise pollution, but also reduce the noise pollution, thermal insulation, but also can improve the appearance of the building facade, reduce the self-weight of the building itself. However, glass curtain wall is often used in high-rise building construction, and high-rise building itself construction difficulties have a certain degree of danger. So how to ensure the curtain wall design beautiful and reasonable at the same time to improve construction safety has become the focus of the study. This paper mainly analyzes the design and construction of glass curtain wall, puts forward the problems in the design and construction and gives the solutions, so as to provide some support for improving the application of glass curtain wall in architecture.
文摘Farmland water conservancy project is an important part of agricultural economy and agricultural ecology. In the design of farmland water conservancy projects, we should pay attention to the science and rationality of the design. Whether the channel design of farmland water conservancy project is reasonable is closely related to the operation effect of farmland water conservancy project system. Scientific and reasonable channel design and construction management are conducive to improving the level of farmland flood control. Based on this, this paper discusses the design and construction of small farmland water conservancy channels.
文摘Prefabricated component production is to process and manufacture the components required by the project in factory production mode, then transport them to the site, and then assemble and pour. This kind of building greatly shortens the construction cycle, effectively shortens the construction period, improves the construction quality and the economic benefits of the project, and lays the foundation for the steady development of the construction industry.
文摘At present, people have higher requirements for building water supply and drainage design and other contents. Under such circumstances, it is necessary to effectively improve the water supply and drainage design level to a greater extent, more fully integrate the scientific concept of development and related concepts of energy conservation and environmental protection, and realize energy-saving and emission-reduction design. Only in this way can better energy-saving and emission-reduction effects be reflected, and necessary guarantee be provided for the improvement of the overall project quality and energy-saving and environmental protection benefits. Based on this, it is necessary to analyze the existing problems and countermeasures in the energy-saving and water-saving design of water supply and drainage of buildings.
文摘This paper mainly introduces the designand construction of the multi-flue chimneysof Beilungang Power Plant, ShidongkouSecond Power Plant and Waigaoqiao PowerPlant which have been used in East Chinaarea. This paper contains the generalsituation of construction, material selection,lifting scheme of steel inner flue, designfeatures and construction method. It could bereferential to concerned design andconstruction companies.
文摘with the rapid development of the construction industry, resource waste is common. Water supply and drainage water-saving technology can improve the utilization rate of water resources in building water supply and drainage, effectively alleviate the problem of lack of water resources, strengthen the research and application of water supply and drainage water-saving technology, and further optimize the construction process of water supply and drainage.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3802701)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province of China(2023-ZDLSF-66).
文摘Energy conservation and emissions reduction in the construction industry are important steps in achieving China’s goals of peak carbon emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.The premise for building carbon emission(CE)reduction is to produce accurate CE calculations.Existing calculation methods for building CEs have many problems,such as complicated calculations,large data demands,time-consuming and laborious processes,weak design orientation of results,and poor feedback on emission reduction.At the same time,the calculation of CEs during the process of architectural design faces obstacles such as uncertainty of information,incomplete data,and difficulty in obtaining a bill of quantities based on design information.To resolve these obstacles,this study,based on a designer’s vocabulary and thinking mode,describes the construction of a“design-oriented”calculation methods for building-embodied carbon emissions(ECEs).The prediction and assessment of the impact on the building environment during the architectural design process were helpful for identifying the key areas for carbon reduction,exploring potential emission reduction hotspots,and providing timely feedback for design optimization,which can have important theoretical value and practical significance in promoting the construction of low-carbon buildings.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51078311)
文摘To compensate for the imperfection of traditional bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization, material interpolation scheme and sensitivity filter functions are introduced. A suitable filter can overcome the checkerboard and mesh-dependency. And the historical information on accurate elemental sensitivity numbers are used to keep the objective function converging steadily. Apart from rational intervals of the relevant important parameters, the concept of distinguishing between active and non-active elements design is proposed, which can be widely used for improving the function and artistry of structures directly, especially for a one whose accurate size is not given. Furthermore, user-friendly software packages are developed to enhance its accessibility for practicing engineers and architects. And to reduce the time cost for large timeconsuming complex structure optimization, parallel computing is built-in in the MATLAB codes. The program is easy to use for engineers who may not be familiar with either FEA or structure optimization. And developers can make a deep research on the algorithm by changing the MATLAB codes. Several classical examples are given to show that the improved BESO method is superior for its handy and utility computer program software.
基金support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA0909900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52173142,82072650)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(2021C03121)the grants from the Startup Package of Zhejiang University.
文摘Chimeric antigen receptor T cell denoted as CAR-T therapy has realized incredible therapeutic advancements for B cell malignancy treatment.However,its therapeutic validity has yet to be successfully achieved in solid tumors.Different from hematological cancers,solid tumors are characterized by dysregulated blood vessels,dense extracellular matrix,and filled with immunosuppressive signals,which together result in CAR-T cells’insufficient infiltration and rapid dysfunction.The insufficient recognition of tumor cells and tumor heterogeneity eventually causes cancer reoccurrences.In addition,CAR-T therapy also raises safety concerns,including potential cytokine release storm,on-target/off-tumor toxicities,and neuro-system side effects.Here we comprehensively review various targeting aspects,including CAR-T cell design,tumor modulation,and delivery strategy.We believe it is essential to rationally design a combinatory CAR-T therapy via constructing optimized CAR-T cells,directly manipulating tumor tissue microenvironments,and selecting the most suitable delivery strategy to achieve the optimal outcome in both safety and efficacy.
文摘In this paper, the author gives a brief introduction to the evolution of FIDIC conditions of contract, particularly the background of the 1999 new editions. A detailed discussion is made of the applying prospects referring to the new editions of FIDIC Conditions of Contract in China in 6 aspects: revisions of the existing model contract forms; finding solutions to the payment delay problem; advocating the Design/Build and EPC turnkey project delivery system; clarifying the roles of supervising engineers and opening up the new regions of their work. This paper also prepares a short form model contract for small projects in China, improving the settlement of construction disputes.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Jiangsu Laboratory Animal Association(DWXH201907).
文摘[Objectives]This study aimed at providing gist for selecting qualified transport containers by comparing the performance of common SPF mouse transport containers at home and abroad,and laying a foundation for subsequent improvement of transport containers.[Methods]In this study,5 different transport containers were selected,and their microbial filtration performance,ventilation,sterilization method and flux,and other related design and construction were analyzed.[Results]The results showed all 5 SPF mouse transport containers can provide enough air for the survival of mouse and protect them from bacterial infections.Transport container B and D are superior to others on one-time sterilization flux and deformation degree after autoclaving.Furthermore,taking into account the related design and construction of these transport containers,such as viewing window and carrying handle,the result of comprehensive comparison is that the transport container D>A>E>C>B.[Conclusions]In summary,the 5 SPF transport containers tested in this study can all satisfy the basic demand of SPF mouse transportation,but each transport container has its own advantages and disadvantages on storage space,deformation degree after autoclaving and other aspects.Thus,SPF mouse transport containers should be selected by different demand.
