When the stagnation temperature of a perfect gas increases, the specific heats and their ratio do not remain constant any more and start to vary with this temperature. The gas remains perfect, its state equation remai...When the stagnation temperature of a perfect gas increases, the specific heats and their ratio do not remain constant any more and start to vary with this temperature. The gas remains perfect, its state equation remains always valid, except it will name in more calorically imperfect gas or gas at High Temperature. The goal of this research is to trace the profiles of the supersonic plug nozzle when this stagnation temperature is taken into account, lower than the threshold of dissociation of the molecules, by using the new formula of the Prandtl Meyer function, and to have for each exit Mach number, several nozzles shapes by changing the value of this temperature. A study on the error given by the PG （perfect gas） model compared to our model at high temperature is presented. The comparison is made with the case of a calorically perfect gas aiming to give a limit of application of this model. The application is for the air.展开更多
This study,based on the theory of shifting essence and changing Qi in Inner Canon of Huangdi,deeply explores the theoretical basis,operation method of Conception Vessel Dredging Therapy and its influence on human heal...This study,based on the theory of shifting essence and changing Qi in Inner Canon of Huangdi,deeply explores the theoretical basis,operation method of Conception Vessel Dredging Therapy and its influence on human health.Through case analysis and the statistical analysis of medical records during the pandemic,it reveals the remarkable effects of this method in regulating the endocrine system,improving metabolism,and relieving physical and mental diseases.It provides a theoretical and practical basis for the application of traditional Chinese medicine anti-aging therapy in the modern health field,and helps to explore new ways to delay aging and improve physical and mental health.展开更多
诞生于18世纪法国的来源原则,经过多种档案管理实践,已发展成基于历史主义的高层次档案学基础理论。人们对档案“来源”的认识,也从单纯的“主体形成者”,发展为广义的“人类社会活动过程”,即中国学者首先提出的“广义来源观”。与之...诞生于18世纪法国的来源原则,经过多种档案管理实践,已发展成基于历史主义的高层次档案学基础理论。人们对档案“来源”的认识,也从单纯的“主体形成者”,发展为广义的“人类社会活动过程”,即中国学者首先提出的“广义来源观”。与之相对应的“广义来源联系”,即日常泛指的文件间的“历史联系”,是有机联系的具体化和实质所在。据此,来源联系的统辖作用和它与狭义的事由、时间、形式联系的统一性有了更为科学的基础。广义的事由、时间和形式联系,则与文件的形成过程无关。在我国被意译为“事由原则”的“Principle of Pertinence”,就是依据广义事由联系,针对文件内容主题相关性进行的分类,其只能应用于检索,不能应用于档案实体整理。加拿大学者特里·库克提出的“后现代来源观”与中国特色的“广义来源观”,两者都将人类形成文件的社会活动自身认定为文件的来源。不同点则在于因哲学基础不同,前者对文件来源的描述更加虚幻,强调其动态性和复杂性;后者的描述则比较简洁,有明确的边界,其应用价值优于前者,可圆满地解释出现在电子文件管理、数据管理等活动中的新现象。展开更多
Objective To explore the effect of electroacupuncture at conception vessel and governor vessel on correlative signals of inflammatory response stressinjury-repair in cerebral ischemia reperfusion rats. Methods A total...Objective To explore the effect of electroacupuncture at conception vessel and governor vessel on correlative signals of inflammatory response stressinjury-repair in cerebral ischemia reperfusion rats. Methods A total of 216 rats were included in the experiment, of which 192 rats were randomly divided into four groups, including sham operation group（group A）, model group（group B）, governor vessel group（group C）, and conception vessel and governor vessel group（group D）, 48 rats in each group. The rats in each group were further divided into six sub-groups, including 12 h group, 24 h group, 48 h group, 72 h group, 96 h group and 144 h group. MCAO operation course was simulated in group A, and the common carotid artery, internal carotid artery and external carotid artery on the right side were exposed, without insertion of suture or treatment. After completion of modeling in group B, treatment was not conducted. After completion of modeling in group C, ＂Shuǐgōu（水沟 GV 26）＂, ＂Bǎihuì（百会 GV 20）＂ and ＂Dàzhuī（大椎 GV 14）＂ of governor vessel were selected, and electroacupuncture device was connected with ＂GV 14＂ and ＂GV 20＂. After completion of modeling in group D, ＂GV 26＂, ＂GV 20＂ and ＂GV 14＂ of governor vessel, and ＂Qìhǎi（气海 CV 6）＂, ＂Guānyuán（关元 CV 4）＂ and ＂Chéngjiāng（承浆 CV 24）＂ of conception vessel were selected; electroacupuncture device was connected with ＂GV 14＂ and ＂GV 20＂, ＂CV 4＂ and ＂CV 6＂. Neurological severity score was conducted.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was applied to determine the concentration of peripheral serum adrenocorticotropic hormone（ACTH） of rats, and immunohistochemical method was adopted to detect the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α） and transforming growth factor β1（TGF-β1） in brain tissue of rats. The other 24 rats were also randomly divided into four groups mentioned above, 6 rats in each group, to detect cerebral ischemie volume. Results Compared with group B, the ischemia volume in brain tissue at 144 h after cerebral ischemia reperfusion decreased significantly in group C and group D（P〈0.05）, and the ischemia volume in group D was less than that in group C（P〈0.05）. The neurological impairment scores of group C and group D at all time points were lower than those of group B, and the differences were statistically significant（all P〈0.05）. The scores of group D at all time points were lower than those of group C, and the differences since 24 h were statistically significant（all P〈0.05）. Compared with group B, the excessive expression of ACTH was suppressed dynamically and generally in group C and group D（P〈0.05）; the expression level of TNF-α was down-regulated and TGF-β1 was up-regulated as well in group C and group D（P〈0.05）. The effect in group D was superior to that in group C. Conclusion Electroacupuncture at conception vessel and governor vessel can protect brain through the intervention of the expression of correlative signals of inflammatory response stress-injury-repair of cerebral ischemia reperfusion.展开更多
目的分析并界定糖尿病患者治疗负担的概念内涵。方法系统检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文科技期刊数据库、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、CINAHL、The Cochrane Library中与糖尿病患者治疗...目的分析并界定糖尿病患者治疗负担的概念内涵。方法系统检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文科技期刊数据库、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、CINAHL、The Cochrane Library中与糖尿病患者治疗负担相关的文献,检索时限为建库至2024年7月30日,应用Rodgers演化概念分析法对纳入文献进行分析。结果共纳入71篇文献,归纳出糖尿病患者治疗负担的6个前置因素(人口学因素、治疗相关因素、生活方式的改变、心理因素、医疗资源因素、社会相关因素)和4个概念属性(个体差异性、动态变化性、多维交织性、复杂多样性),最终既对糖尿病患者产生直接影响,还会间接造成医疗资源的浪费。结论通过概念分析法明确糖尿病患者治疗负担的概念属性,有助于开展糖尿病治疗负担的相关理论研究,为研制针对糖尿病患者治疗负担的特异性工具提供依据,进而制订具有针对性和有效性的干预措施,以减轻糖尿病患者治疗负担,提升其生活质量与治疗依从性。展开更多
文摘When the stagnation temperature of a perfect gas increases, the specific heats and their ratio do not remain constant any more and start to vary with this temperature. The gas remains perfect, its state equation remains always valid, except it will name in more calorically imperfect gas or gas at High Temperature. The goal of this research is to trace the profiles of the supersonic plug nozzle when this stagnation temperature is taken into account, lower than the threshold of dissociation of the molecules, by using the new formula of the Prandtl Meyer function, and to have for each exit Mach number, several nozzles shapes by changing the value of this temperature. A study on the error given by the PG （perfect gas） model compared to our model at high temperature is presented. The comparison is made with the case of a calorically perfect gas aiming to give a limit of application of this model. The application is for the air.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China,Taoist Qi Healing the World Project(Project No.:71971359).
文摘This study,based on the theory of shifting essence and changing Qi in Inner Canon of Huangdi,deeply explores the theoretical basis,operation method of Conception Vessel Dredging Therapy and its influence on human health.Through case analysis and the statistical analysis of medical records during the pandemic,it reveals the remarkable effects of this method in regulating the endocrine system,improving metabolism,and relieving physical and mental diseases.It provides a theoretical and practical basis for the application of traditional Chinese medicine anti-aging therapy in the modern health field,and helps to explore new ways to delay aging and improve physical and mental health.
文摘诞生于18世纪法国的来源原则,经过多种档案管理实践,已发展成基于历史主义的高层次档案学基础理论。人们对档案“来源”的认识,也从单纯的“主体形成者”,发展为广义的“人类社会活动过程”,即中国学者首先提出的“广义来源观”。与之相对应的“广义来源联系”,即日常泛指的文件间的“历史联系”,是有机联系的具体化和实质所在。据此,来源联系的统辖作用和它与狭义的事由、时间、形式联系的统一性有了更为科学的基础。广义的事由、时间和形式联系,则与文件的形成过程无关。在我国被意译为“事由原则”的“Principle of Pertinence”,就是依据广义事由联系,针对文件内容主题相关性进行的分类,其只能应用于检索,不能应用于档案实体整理。加拿大学者特里·库克提出的“后现代来源观”与中国特色的“广义来源观”,两者都将人类形成文件的社会活动自身认定为文件的来源。不同点则在于因哲学基础不同,前者对文件来源的描述更加虚幻,强调其动态性和复杂性;后者的描述则比较简洁,有明确的边界,其应用价值优于前者,可圆满地解释出现在电子文件管理、数据管理等活动中的新现象。
基金Supported by Shenzhen Municipal Scientific and Technological Innovation Committee:JCYJ 20140408152909270Project of Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory of Technical Research and Development Fund Conditions and Platform Construction Plan:CXB 201111250113A
文摘Objective To explore the effect of electroacupuncture at conception vessel and governor vessel on correlative signals of inflammatory response stressinjury-repair in cerebral ischemia reperfusion rats. Methods A total of 216 rats were included in the experiment, of which 192 rats were randomly divided into four groups, including sham operation group（group A）, model group（group B）, governor vessel group（group C）, and conception vessel and governor vessel group（group D）, 48 rats in each group. The rats in each group were further divided into six sub-groups, including 12 h group, 24 h group, 48 h group, 72 h group, 96 h group and 144 h group. MCAO operation course was simulated in group A, and the common carotid artery, internal carotid artery and external carotid artery on the right side were exposed, without insertion of suture or treatment. After completion of modeling in group B, treatment was not conducted. After completion of modeling in group C, ＂Shuǐgōu（水沟 GV 26）＂, ＂Bǎihuì（百会 GV 20）＂ and ＂Dàzhuī（大椎 GV 14）＂ of governor vessel were selected, and electroacupuncture device was connected with ＂GV 14＂ and ＂GV 20＂. After completion of modeling in group D, ＂GV 26＂, ＂GV 20＂ and ＂GV 14＂ of governor vessel, and ＂Qìhǎi（气海 CV 6）＂, ＂Guānyuán（关元 CV 4）＂ and ＂Chéngjiāng（承浆 CV 24）＂ of conception vessel were selected; electroacupuncture device was connected with ＂GV 14＂ and ＂GV 20＂, ＂CV 4＂ and ＂CV 6＂. Neurological severity score was conducted.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was applied to determine the concentration of peripheral serum adrenocorticotropic hormone（ACTH） of rats, and immunohistochemical method was adopted to detect the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α） and transforming growth factor β1（TGF-β1） in brain tissue of rats. The other 24 rats were also randomly divided into four groups mentioned above, 6 rats in each group, to detect cerebral ischemie volume. Results Compared with group B, the ischemia volume in brain tissue at 144 h after cerebral ischemia reperfusion decreased significantly in group C and group D（P〈0.05）, and the ischemia volume in group D was less than that in group C（P〈0.05）. The neurological impairment scores of group C and group D at all time points were lower than those of group B, and the differences were statistically significant（all P〈0.05）. The scores of group D at all time points were lower than those of group C, and the differences since 24 h were statistically significant（all P〈0.05）. Compared with group B, the excessive expression of ACTH was suppressed dynamically and generally in group C and group D（P〈0.05）; the expression level of TNF-α was down-regulated and TGF-β1 was up-regulated as well in group C and group D（P〈0.05）. The effect in group D was superior to that in group C. Conclusion Electroacupuncture at conception vessel and governor vessel can protect brain through the intervention of the expression of correlative signals of inflammatory response stress-injury-repair of cerebral ischemia reperfusion.
文摘目的分析并界定糖尿病患者治疗负担的概念内涵。方法系统检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文科技期刊数据库、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、CINAHL、The Cochrane Library中与糖尿病患者治疗负担相关的文献,检索时限为建库至2024年7月30日,应用Rodgers演化概念分析法对纳入文献进行分析。结果共纳入71篇文献,归纳出糖尿病患者治疗负担的6个前置因素(人口学因素、治疗相关因素、生活方式的改变、心理因素、医疗资源因素、社会相关因素)和4个概念属性(个体差异性、动态变化性、多维交织性、复杂多样性),最终既对糖尿病患者产生直接影响,还会间接造成医疗资源的浪费。结论通过概念分析法明确糖尿病患者治疗负担的概念属性,有助于开展糖尿病治疗负担的相关理论研究,为研制针对糖尿病患者治疗负担的特异性工具提供依据,进而制订具有针对性和有效性的干预措施,以减轻糖尿病患者治疗负担,提升其生活质量与治疗依从性。
