THE theory of nilpotent Lie algebra is very important in the theory of finite-dimensional Lie al-gebras. Because of its extraordinary complexity, one usually studies various classes of specialnilpotent Lie algebras. I...THE theory of nilpotent Lie algebra is very important in the theory of finite-dimensional Lie al-gebras. Because of its extraordinary complexity, one usually studies various classes of specialnilpotent Lie algebras. In the study of complete Lie algebras, a class of special nilpotent Lie al-gebras (called completable nilpotent Lie algebras) was discovered. In this letter, we will展开更多
We discuss a class of filiform Lie superalgebras Ln,m. From these Lie superalgebras, all the other filiform Lie superalgebras can be obtained by deformations. We have decompositions of Der0（Ln,m） and Dery（Ln,m）. B...We discuss a class of filiform Lie superalgebras Ln,m. From these Lie superalgebras, all the other filiform Lie superalgebras can be obtained by deformations. We have decompositions of Der0（Ln,m） and Dery（Ln,m）. By computing a maximal torus on each Ln,m, we show that Ln,m are completable nilpotent Lie superalgebras. We also view Ln,m as Lie algebras, prove that Ln,m are of maximal rank, and show that Ln,m are completable nilpotent Lie algebras. As an application of the results, we show a Heisenberg superalgebra is a completable nilpotent Lie superalgebra.展开更多
International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials is dedicated to the publication and the dissemination of original research articles (and occasional invited reviews) in the fields of Minerals,Metallurgy and ...International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials is dedicated to the publication and the dissemination of original research articles (and occasional invited reviews) in the fields of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials.It is covered by EI Compendex,SCI Expanded,Chemical Abstract,etc.Manuscript preparation The following components are required for a complete manuscript:Title,Author(s),Author affiliation(s),Abstract,Keywords,Main text,Acknowledgements and References.展开更多
BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary app...BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary approaches in clinical practice may explain the recent increase in case reports and retrospective series documenting such responses.CASE SUMMARY This case series describes 3 patients with advanced HCC who achieved durable complete responses using first-line sorafenib therapy,even in the presence of portal vein thrombosis or extrahepatic spread,and highlights the potential for sustained remission in selected patients.Dermatologic toxicity and non-viral etiology may correlate with favorable outcomes;however,reliable predictive biomarkers for sorafenib response are lacking.CONCLUSION Future research into the etiology and molecular differences in HCC is necessary to develop more personalized therapy options.展开更多
Patients with complete spinal cord injury retain the potential for volitional muscle activity in muscles located below the spinal injury level.However,because of prolonged inactivity,initial attempts to activate these...Patients with complete spinal cord injury retain the potential for volitional muscle activity in muscles located below the spinal injury level.However,because of prolonged inactivity,initial attempts to activate these muscles may not effectively engage any of the remaining neurons in the descending pathway.A previous study unexpectedly found that a brief clinical round of passive activity significantly increased volitional muscle activation,as measured by surface electromyography.In this study,we further explored the effect of passive activity on surface electromyographic signals during volitional control tasks among individuals with complete spinal cord injury.Eleven patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury were recruited.Surface electromyography data from eight major leg muscles were acquired and compared before and after the passive activity protocol.The results indicated that the passive activity led to an increased number of activated volitional muscles and an increased frequency of activation.Although the cumulative root mean square of surface electromyography amplitude for volitional control of movement showed a slight increase after passive activity,the difference was not statistically significant.These findings suggest that brief passive activity may enhance the ability to initiate volitional muscle activity during surface electromyography tasks and underscore the potential of passive activity for improving residual motor control among patients with motor complete spinal cord injury.展开更多
BACKGROUND Recently,several endoscopic techniques have been used to improve the R0 resection rate of rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms(R-NENs).However,none of these methods can achieve 100%complete resection(CR),particu...BACKGROUND Recently,several endoscopic techniques have been used to improve the R0 resection rate of rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms(R-NENs).However,none of these methods can achieve 100%complete resection(CR),particularly in the vertical direction.Endoscopic full-thickness resection(EFTR)has proven to be an effective method for the treatment of submucosal tumors but is seldom utilized in the eradication of R-NENs.AIM To review cases of R-NENs removed using EFTR and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this technique.METHODS This retrospective cohort study enrolled 160 patients with pathologically confirmed R-NENs,including 132 who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)and 28 who underwent EFTR.Lesions were categorized as<1 cm,1-2 cm,and>2 cm in size.CR rate,en bloc resection rate,operation time,and complications were evaluated.Subgroup analyses and follow-up were also performed.RESULTS EFTR achieved 100%CR rates for lesions<1 cm and 1-2 cm,compared with 67.0%and 50.0%,respectively,in the ESD group.En bloc resection and successful removal of the R-NENs were achieved in all patients.Meanwhile,EFTR showed performance comparable to ESD in terms of operation time,hospitalization cost,and postoperative adverse events,except for a one-day longer hospital stay.We also analyzed the invasion depth of R-NENs based on full-thickness specimens.The data showed that 80%of lesions(<1 cm)and 85.7%of lesions(1-2 cm)had invaded the SM3 level or deeper at the time of resection.For ESD specimens,46.6%(<1 cm)and 89.3%(1-2 cm)of lesions had infiltrated more than 2000μm beneath the muscularis mucosae.CONCLUSION EFTR has shown superior performance in the resection of small R-NENs compared with that of ESD.展开更多
The undrained mechanical behavior of unsaturated completely weathered granite(CWG)is highly susceptible to alterations in the hydraulic environment,particularly under uniaxial loading conditions,due to the unique natu...The undrained mechanical behavior of unsaturated completely weathered granite(CWG)is highly susceptible to alterations in the hydraulic environment,particularly under uniaxial loading conditions,due to the unique nature of this soil type.In this study,a series of unconfined compression tests were carried out on unsaturated CWG soil in an underground engineering site,and the effects of varying the environmental variables on the main undrained mechanical properties were analyzed.Based on the experimental results,a novel constitutive model was then established using the damage mechanics theory and the undetermined coefficient method.The results demonstrate that the curves of remolded CWG specimens with different moisture contents and dry densities exhibited diverse characteristics,including brittleness,significant softening,and ductility.As a typical indicator,the unconfined compression strength of soil specimens initially increased with an increase in moisture content and then decreased.Meanwhile,an optimal moisture content of approximately 10.5%could be observed,while a critical moisture content value of 13.0%was identified,beyond which the strength of the specimen decreases sharply.Moreover,the deformation and fracture of CWG specimens were predominantly caused by shear failure,and the ultimate failure modes were primarily influenced by moisture content rather than dry density.Furthermore,by comparing several similar models and the experimental data,the proposed model could accurately replicate the undrained mechanical characteristics of unsaturated CWG soil,and quantitatively describe the key mechanical indexes.These findings offer a valuable reference point for understanding the underlying mechanisms,anticipating potential risks,and implementing effective control measures in similar underground engineering projects.展开更多
The level 3 case for Ramanujan-type series has been considered as the most mysterious and the most challenging,out of all possible levels for Ramanujan-type series.This motivates the development of new techniques for ...The level 3 case for Ramanujan-type series has been considered as the most mysterious and the most challenging,out of all possible levels for Ramanujan-type series.This motivates the development of new techniques for constructing Ramanujan-type series of level 3.Chan and Liaw introduced an alternating analogue of the Borwein brothers’identity for Ramanujan-type series of level 3;subsequently,Chan,Liaw,and Tian formulated another proof of the Chan–Liaw identity,via the use of Ramanujan’s class invariant.Using the elliptic lambda function and the elliptic alpha function,we prove,via a limiting case of the Kummer–Goursat transformation,a new identity for evaluating the summands for alternating Ramanujan-type series of level 3,and we apply this new identity to prove three conjectured formulas for quadratic-irrational,Ramanujan-type series that had been discovered via numerical experiments with Maple in 2012 by Aldawoud.We also apply our identity to prove a new Ramanujan-type series of level 3 with a quartic convergence rate and quartic coefficients.展开更多
Rectal neuroendocrine tumor(rNET)is an indolent malignancy often detected during colonoscopy screening.The incidence of rNET has increased approximately 10-fold over the past 30 years.Most rNETs detected during screen...Rectal neuroendocrine tumor(rNET)is an indolent malignancy often detected during colonoscopy screening.The incidence of rNET has increased approximately 10-fold over the past 30 years.Most rNETs detected during screening endoscopy are small,measuring<10 mm.Current guidelines recommend endoscopic resection for small,well-differentiated rNET using modified endoscopic submucosal resection(mEMR)or endoscopic submucosal dissection.However,the optimal endoscopic treatment method remains uncertain.This paper summarizes the evidence on mEMR with submucosal stretching,mEMR without submucosal stretching,endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic full-thickness resection.Given that rNETs often exhibit submucosal invasion,achieving adequate resection depth is crucial to ensure histological complete resection.mEMR with submucosal stretching appears favorable due to its high rate of histological complete resection,safety and convenience.Risk factors associated with lymph node and distant metastases are also discussed.A treatment algorithm is proposed to facilitate clinical decision-making.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer(GBC)is the most common and aggressive subtype of biliary tract cancer(BTC)and has a poor prognosis.A newly developed regimen of gemcitabine,cisplatin,and durvalumab shows promise for the ...BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer(GBC)is the most common and aggressive subtype of biliary tract cancer(BTC)and has a poor prognosis.A newly developed regimen of gemcitabine,cisplatin,and durvalumab shows promise for the treatment of advanced BTC.However,the efficacy of this treatment for GBC remains unclear.CASE SUMMARY In this report,we present a case in which the triple-drug regimen exhibited marked effectiveness in treating locally advanced GBC,thus leading to a long-term survival benefit.A 68-year-old man was diagnosed with locally advanced GBC,which rendered him ineligible for curative surgery.Following three cycles of therapy,a partial response was observed.After one year of combined therapy,a clinical complete response was successfully achieved.Subsequent maintenance therapy with durvalumab monotherapy resulted in a disease-free survival of 9 months for the patient.The patient experienced tolerable toxicities of reversible grade 2 nausea and fatigue.Tolerable adverse events were observed in the patient throughout the entirety of the treatment.CONCLUSION The combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy with durvalumab was proven to be an effective treatment approach for advanced GBC,with manageable adverse events.Further research is warranted to substantiate the effectiveness of the combined regimen in the context of GBC.展开更多
In this paper,we established a class of parallel algorithm for solving low-rank tensor completion problem.The main idea is that N singular value decompositions are implemented in N different processors for each slice ...In this paper,we established a class of parallel algorithm for solving low-rank tensor completion problem.The main idea is that N singular value decompositions are implemented in N different processors for each slice matrix under unfold operator,and then the fold operator is used to form the next iteration tensor such that the computing time can be decreased.In theory,we analyze the global convergence of the algorithm.In numerical experiment,the simulation data and real image inpainting are carried out.Experiment results show the parallel algorithm outperform its original algorithm in CPU times under the same precision.展开更多
In this paper,we prove that L(K_(x,y))(λ),theλ-fold line graph of the complete bipartite graph Ka,y,has a C_(6)-decomposition if and only if ry≥6,λxy(c+y-2)=0(mod 12)and(x+y)=0(mod 2),where x,y are nonnegative int...In this paper,we prove that L(K_(x,y))(λ),theλ-fold line graph of the complete bipartite graph Ka,y,has a C_(6)-decomposition if and only if ry≥6,λxy(c+y-2)=0(mod 12)and(x+y)=0(mod 2),where x,y are nonnegative integers and(x,y)≠(2,4)or(2,5).展开更多
Let G be a finite group.A subgroup H of G is said to be σ-c-propermutable in G if G has a subgroup B such that G=N_(G)(H)B and for every Hall σ_(i)-subgroup B_(i) of B,there exists an element x∈B such that HB_(i)^(...Let G be a finite group.A subgroup H of G is said to be σ-c-propermutable in G if G has a subgroup B such that G=N_(G)(H)B and for every Hall σ_(i)-subgroup B_(i) of B,there exists an element x∈B such that HB_(i)^(x)=B_(i)^(x) H.In this paper,the influence of σ-c-propermutable subgroups on the structure of finite groups is investigated,and some criteria for a normal subgroup of G to be hypercyclically embedded in G are derived.展开更多
The complete convergence for weighted sums of sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space is studied.By moment inequality and truncation methods,we establish the...The complete convergence for weighted sums of sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space is studied.By moment inequality and truncation methods,we establish the equivalent conditions of complete convergence for weighted sums of sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space.The results complement the corresponding results in probability space to those for sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space.展开更多
In this paper,we introduce the real pairwise completely positive(RPCP)matrices with one of them is necessarily positive semidefinite while the other one is necessarily entrywise nonnegative,which has a real pairwise c...In this paper,we introduce the real pairwise completely positive(RPCP)matrices with one of them is necessarily positive semidefinite while the other one is necessarily entrywise nonnegative,which has a real pairwise completely positive(RPCP)decomposition.We study the properties of RPCP matrices and give some necessary and sufficient conditions for a matrix pair to be RPCP.First,we give an equivalent decomposition for the RPCP matrices,which is different from the RPCP-decomposition and show that the matrix pair(X,X)is RPCP if and only if X is completely positive.Besides,we also prove that the RPCP matrices checking problem is equivalent to the separable completion problem.A semidefinite algorithm is also proposed for detecting whether or not a matrix pair is RPCP.The asymptotic and finite convergence of the algorithm are also discussed.If it is RPCP,we can further give a RPCP-decomposition for it;if it is not,we can obtain a certificate for this.展开更多
In this paper,by utilizing the Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund inequality and Rosenthal-type inequality of negatively superadditive dependent(NSD)random arrays and truncated method,we investigate the complete f-moment convergen...In this paper,by utilizing the Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund inequality and Rosenthal-type inequality of negatively superadditive dependent(NSD)random arrays and truncated method,we investigate the complete f-moment convergence of NSD random variables.We establish and improve a general result on the complete f-moment convergence for Sung’s type randomly weighted sums of NSD random variables under some general assumptions.As an application,we show the complete consistency for the randomly weighted estimator in a nonparametric regression model based on NSD errors.展开更多
Currently,the main idea of iterative rendering methods is to allocate a fixed number of samples to pixels that have not been fully rendered by calculating the completion rate.It is obvious that this strategy ignores t...Currently,the main idea of iterative rendering methods is to allocate a fixed number of samples to pixels that have not been fully rendered by calculating the completion rate.It is obvious that this strategy ignores the changes in pixel values during the previous rendering process,which may result in additional iterative operations.展开更多
Subgenus Melanocrommyum is the second largest subgenus of Allium,with a wide distribution ranging from the Canary Islands to northwestern India.This study investigates the phylogeny,biogeographic patterns,and morpholo...Subgenus Melanocrommyum is the second largest subgenus of Allium,with a wide distribution ranging from the Canary Islands to northwestern India.This study investigates the phylogeny,biogeographic patterns,and morphological character evolution of the subgenus using 117 accessions representing 107taxa across the 19 currently recognized sections within Allium subgenus Melanocrommyum.Although the subgenus is monophyletic,significant incongruence exists between morphological and molecular data.Our plastome-based phylogenetic analysis identified five distinct lineages(A-E),corresponding to the geographic distributions of the species.However,plastome lineages(A-E)and ITS clusters(A-G)were incongruent.Biogeographic and molecular dating analyses suggest that Melanocrommyum evolved in association with tectonic uplift events in Central Asia during the Late Miocene or Oligocene.Our finding that Melanocrommyum plastomes have lost inf A and one copy rps19 gene indicate that the subgenus has undergone a relatively recent diversification.We also found that narrow leaves and fasciculate to semiglobose inflorescences may represent ancestral traits within the subgenus.This study provides new insights into the biogeographic history and trait evolution of Melanocrommyum,suggesting recent diversification influenced by tectonic events and climate change,while highlighting the complexity of molecular and morphological data integration.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cirrhotic patients with super-giant hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and portal vein invasion generally have a poor prognosis.This paper presents a patient with super-giant HCC and portal vein invasion,who unde...BACKGROUND Cirrhotic patients with super-giant hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and portal vein invasion generally have a poor prognosis.This paper presents a patient with super-giant HCC and portal vein invasion,who underwent hepatectomy followed by a combination of sorafenib and camrelizumab,resulting in complete remission(CR)for 5 years.CASE SUMMARY A 40-year-old male with compensated hepatitis B-related cirrhosis was diagnosed with HCC,Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C.Enhanced computed tomography imaging revealed a 152 mm×171 mm tumor in the right liver,invading the portal vein and hepatic vein.Liver function was normal.The patient successfully underwent hepatectomy on July 18,2019.However,by December 2019,HCC recurrence with lung metastases and portal vein invasion were detected.He started treatment with sorafenib(200 mg twice daily)and camrelizumab(200 mg every 3 weeks).By May 12,2020,the patient was confirmed to have CR.Camrelizumab was adjusted to 200 mg every 12 weeks from June 16,2021,with the last infusion on March 29,2024.Although no further tumor recurrence was observed,he experienced two episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding due to esophagogastric varices,which were managed with endoscopic therapy.To date,the patient has remained in CR for 5 years.CONCLUSION The combination of hepatectomy with sorafenib and camrelizumab can achieve durable CR in patients with supergiant HCC and portal vein invasion.Further research is necessary to address these challenges and improve patient outcomes.展开更多
文摘THE theory of nilpotent Lie algebra is very important in the theory of finite-dimensional Lie al-gebras. Because of its extraordinary complexity, one usually studies various classes of specialnilpotent Lie algebras. In the study of complete Lie algebras, a class of special nilpotent Lie al-gebras (called completable nilpotent Lie algebras) was discovered. In this letter, we will
文摘We discuss a class of filiform Lie superalgebras Ln,m. From these Lie superalgebras, all the other filiform Lie superalgebras can be obtained by deformations. We have decompositions of Der0（Ln,m） and Dery（Ln,m）. By computing a maximal torus on each Ln,m, we show that Ln,m are completable nilpotent Lie superalgebras. We also view Ln,m as Lie algebras, prove that Ln,m are of maximal rank, and show that Ln,m are completable nilpotent Lie algebras. As an application of the results, we show a Heisenberg superalgebra is a completable nilpotent Lie superalgebra.
文摘International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials is dedicated to the publication and the dissemination of original research articles (and occasional invited reviews) in the fields of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials.It is covered by EI Compendex,SCI Expanded,Chemical Abstract,etc.Manuscript preparation The following components are required for a complete manuscript:Title,Author(s),Author affiliation(s),Abstract,Keywords,Main text,Acknowledgements and References.
文摘BACKGROUND Sorafenib has been the conventional treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)since 2008.While radiological complete responses are extremely rare,improved supportive care and multidisciplinary approaches in clinical practice may explain the recent increase in case reports and retrospective series documenting such responses.CASE SUMMARY This case series describes 3 patients with advanced HCC who achieved durable complete responses using first-line sorafenib therapy,even in the presence of portal vein thrombosis or extrahepatic spread,and highlights the potential for sustained remission in selected patients.Dermatologic toxicity and non-viral etiology may correlate with favorable outcomes;however,reliable predictive biomarkers for sorafenib response are lacking.CONCLUSION Future research into the etiology and molecular differences in HCC is necessary to develop more personalized therapy options.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Welfare Research Institute,No.2020CZ-5(to WS and GS)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31970970(to JSR)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.YWF-23-YG-QB-010(to JSR)。
文摘Patients with complete spinal cord injury retain the potential for volitional muscle activity in muscles located below the spinal injury level.However,because of prolonged inactivity,initial attempts to activate these muscles may not effectively engage any of the remaining neurons in the descending pathway.A previous study unexpectedly found that a brief clinical round of passive activity significantly increased volitional muscle activation,as measured by surface electromyography.In this study,we further explored the effect of passive activity on surface electromyographic signals during volitional control tasks among individuals with complete spinal cord injury.Eleven patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury were recruited.Surface electromyography data from eight major leg muscles were acquired and compared before and after the passive activity protocol.The results indicated that the passive activity led to an increased number of activated volitional muscles and an increased frequency of activation.Although the cumulative root mean square of surface electromyography amplitude for volitional control of movement showed a slight increase after passive activity,the difference was not statistically significant.These findings suggest that brief passive activity may enhance the ability to initiate volitional muscle activity during surface electromyography tasks and underscore the potential of passive activity for improving residual motor control among patients with motor complete spinal cord injury.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82004298Jiangsu Graduate Research and Practice Innovation Program,China,No.KYCX23_2090.
文摘BACKGROUND Recently,several endoscopic techniques have been used to improve the R0 resection rate of rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms(R-NENs).However,none of these methods can achieve 100%complete resection(CR),particularly in the vertical direction.Endoscopic full-thickness resection(EFTR)has proven to be an effective method for the treatment of submucosal tumors but is seldom utilized in the eradication of R-NENs.AIM To review cases of R-NENs removed using EFTR and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this technique.METHODS This retrospective cohort study enrolled 160 patients with pathologically confirmed R-NENs,including 132 who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)and 28 who underwent EFTR.Lesions were categorized as<1 cm,1-2 cm,and>2 cm in size.CR rate,en bloc resection rate,operation time,and complications were evaluated.Subgroup analyses and follow-up were also performed.RESULTS EFTR achieved 100%CR rates for lesions<1 cm and 1-2 cm,compared with 67.0%and 50.0%,respectively,in the ESD group.En bloc resection and successful removal of the R-NENs were achieved in all patients.Meanwhile,EFTR showed performance comparable to ESD in terms of operation time,hospitalization cost,and postoperative adverse events,except for a one-day longer hospital stay.We also analyzed the invasion depth of R-NENs based on full-thickness specimens.The data showed that 80%of lesions(<1 cm)and 85.7%of lesions(1-2 cm)had invaded the SM3 level or deeper at the time of resection.For ESD specimens,46.6%(<1 cm)and 89.3%(1-2 cm)of lesions had infiltrated more than 2000μm beneath the muscularis mucosae.CONCLUSION EFTR has shown superior performance in the resection of small R-NENs compared with that of ESD.
基金Project(42202318)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(252300421199)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,ChinaProject(2024JJ6219)supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘The undrained mechanical behavior of unsaturated completely weathered granite(CWG)is highly susceptible to alterations in the hydraulic environment,particularly under uniaxial loading conditions,due to the unique nature of this soil type.In this study,a series of unconfined compression tests were carried out on unsaturated CWG soil in an underground engineering site,and the effects of varying the environmental variables on the main undrained mechanical properties were analyzed.Based on the experimental results,a novel constitutive model was then established using the damage mechanics theory and the undetermined coefficient method.The results demonstrate that the curves of remolded CWG specimens with different moisture contents and dry densities exhibited diverse characteristics,including brittleness,significant softening,and ductility.As a typical indicator,the unconfined compression strength of soil specimens initially increased with an increase in moisture content and then decreased.Meanwhile,an optimal moisture content of approximately 10.5%could be observed,while a critical moisture content value of 13.0%was identified,beyond which the strength of the specimen decreases sharply.Moreover,the deformation and fracture of CWG specimens were predominantly caused by shear failure,and the ultimate failure modes were primarily influenced by moisture content rather than dry density.Furthermore,by comparing several similar models and the experimental data,the proposed model could accurately replicate the undrained mechanical characteristics of unsaturated CWG soil,and quantitatively describe the key mechanical indexes.These findings offer a valuable reference point for understanding the underlying mechanisms,anticipating potential risks,and implementing effective control measures in similar underground engineering projects.
基金supported by a Killam Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Killam Trusts.
文摘The level 3 case for Ramanujan-type series has been considered as the most mysterious and the most challenging,out of all possible levels for Ramanujan-type series.This motivates the development of new techniques for constructing Ramanujan-type series of level 3.Chan and Liaw introduced an alternating analogue of the Borwein brothers’identity for Ramanujan-type series of level 3;subsequently,Chan,Liaw,and Tian formulated another proof of the Chan–Liaw identity,via the use of Ramanujan’s class invariant.Using the elliptic lambda function and the elliptic alpha function,we prove,via a limiting case of the Kummer–Goursat transformation,a new identity for evaluating the summands for alternating Ramanujan-type series of level 3,and we apply this new identity to prove three conjectured formulas for quadratic-irrational,Ramanujan-type series that had been discovered via numerical experiments with Maple in 2012 by Aldawoud.We also apply our identity to prove a new Ramanujan-type series of level 3 with a quartic convergence rate and quartic coefficients.
基金Supported by Nanchang High-Level Scientific and Technological Innovation Talents‘Double Hundred Plan’Project,China,No.2022-312.
文摘Rectal neuroendocrine tumor(rNET)is an indolent malignancy often detected during colonoscopy screening.The incidence of rNET has increased approximately 10-fold over the past 30 years.Most rNETs detected during screening endoscopy are small,measuring<10 mm.Current guidelines recommend endoscopic resection for small,well-differentiated rNET using modified endoscopic submucosal resection(mEMR)or endoscopic submucosal dissection.However,the optimal endoscopic treatment method remains uncertain.This paper summarizes the evidence on mEMR with submucosal stretching,mEMR without submucosal stretching,endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic full-thickness resection.Given that rNETs often exhibit submucosal invasion,achieving adequate resection depth is crucial to ensure histological complete resection.mEMR with submucosal stretching appears favorable due to its high rate of histological complete resection,safety and convenience.Risk factors associated with lymph node and distant metastases are also discussed.A treatment algorithm is proposed to facilitate clinical decision-making.
基金Supported by General Project of Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China,No.cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0604Chongqing Doctoral"Through Train"Research Program,China,No.CSTB2022BSXM-JCX0045.
文摘BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer(GBC)is the most common and aggressive subtype of biliary tract cancer(BTC)and has a poor prognosis.A newly developed regimen of gemcitabine,cisplatin,and durvalumab shows promise for the treatment of advanced BTC.However,the efficacy of this treatment for GBC remains unclear.CASE SUMMARY In this report,we present a case in which the triple-drug regimen exhibited marked effectiveness in treating locally advanced GBC,thus leading to a long-term survival benefit.A 68-year-old man was diagnosed with locally advanced GBC,which rendered him ineligible for curative surgery.Following three cycles of therapy,a partial response was observed.After one year of combined therapy,a clinical complete response was successfully achieved.Subsequent maintenance therapy with durvalumab monotherapy resulted in a disease-free survival of 9 months for the patient.The patient experienced tolerable toxicities of reversible grade 2 nausea and fatigue.Tolerable adverse events were observed in the patient throughout the entirety of the treatment.CONCLUSION The combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy with durvalumab was proven to be an effective treatment approach for advanced GBC,with manageable adverse events.Further research is warranted to substantiate the effectiveness of the combined regimen in the context of GBC.
基金Supported by National Nature Science Foundation(12371381)Nature Science Foundation of Shanxi(202403021222270)。
文摘In this paper,we established a class of parallel algorithm for solving low-rank tensor completion problem.The main idea is that N singular value decompositions are implemented in N different processors for each slice matrix under unfold operator,and then the fold operator is used to form the next iteration tensor such that the computing time can be decreased.In theory,we analyze the global convergence of the algorithm.In numerical experiment,the simulation data and real image inpainting are carried out.Experiment results show the parallel algorithm outperform its original algorithm in CPU times under the same precision.
文摘In this paper,we prove that L(K_(x,y))(λ),theλ-fold line graph of the complete bipartite graph Ka,y,has a C_(6)-decomposition if and only if ry≥6,λxy(c+y-2)=0(mod 12)and(x+y)=0(mod 2),where x,y are nonnegative integers and(x,y)≠(2,4)or(2,5).
文摘Let G be a finite group.A subgroup H of G is said to be σ-c-propermutable in G if G has a subgroup B such that G=N_(G)(H)B and for every Hall σ_(i)-subgroup B_(i) of B,there exists an element x∈B such that HB_(i)^(x)=B_(i)^(x) H.In this paper,the influence of σ-c-propermutable subgroups on the structure of finite groups is investigated,and some criteria for a normal subgroup of G to be hypercyclically embedded in G are derived.
基金supported by Doctoral Scientific Research Starting Foundation of Jingdezhen Ceramic University(Grant No.102/01003002031)Re-accompanying Funding Project of Academic Achievements of Jingdezhen Ceramic University(Grant Nos.215/20506277,215/20506341)。
文摘The complete convergence for weighted sums of sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space is studied.By moment inequality and truncation methods,we establish the equivalent conditions of complete convergence for weighted sums of sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space.The results complement the corresponding results in probability space to those for sequences of independent,identically distributed random variables under sublinear expectation space.
文摘In this paper,we introduce the real pairwise completely positive(RPCP)matrices with one of them is necessarily positive semidefinite while the other one is necessarily entrywise nonnegative,which has a real pairwise completely positive(RPCP)decomposition.We study the properties of RPCP matrices and give some necessary and sufficient conditions for a matrix pair to be RPCP.First,we give an equivalent decomposition for the RPCP matrices,which is different from the RPCP-decomposition and show that the matrix pair(X,X)is RPCP if and only if X is completely positive.Besides,we also prove that the RPCP matrices checking problem is equivalent to the separable completion problem.A semidefinite algorithm is also proposed for detecting whether or not a matrix pair is RPCP.The asymptotic and finite convergence of the algorithm are also discussed.If it is RPCP,we can further give a RPCP-decomposition for it;if it is not,we can obtain a certificate for this.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fundation(Grant No.21BTJ040)the Project of Outstanding Young People in University of Anhui Province(Grant Nos.2023AH020037,SLXY2024A001).
文摘In this paper,by utilizing the Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund inequality and Rosenthal-type inequality of negatively superadditive dependent(NSD)random arrays and truncated method,we investigate the complete f-moment convergence of NSD random variables.We establish and improve a general result on the complete f-moment convergence for Sung’s type randomly weighted sums of NSD random variables under some general assumptions.As an application,we show the complete consistency for the randomly weighted estimator in a nonparametric regression model based on NSD errors.
基金supported partially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U19A2063)the Jilin Provincial Science&Technology Development Program of China(No.20230201080GX)。
文摘Currently,the main idea of iterative rendering methods is to allocate a fixed number of samples to pixels that have not been fully rendered by calculating the completion rate.It is obvious that this strategy ignores the changes in pixel values during the previous rendering process,which may result in additional iterative operations.
基金supported by grants from the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(2019QZKK0502)the state research project‘Taxonomic Revision of Polymorphic Plant Families of the Flora of Uzbekistan’(FZ20200929321)+3 种基金the State Programs for 2021-2025‘Grid mapping of the flora of Uzbekistan’and the‘Digital Nature.Development of a digital platform for the flora of Central Uzbekistan’,implemented by the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the period 2025-2029National Natural Science Foundation of China(32322006)the Key Projects of the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20149)the R&D Program of Yunnan Province(202103AF140005).
文摘Subgenus Melanocrommyum is the second largest subgenus of Allium,with a wide distribution ranging from the Canary Islands to northwestern India.This study investigates the phylogeny,biogeographic patterns,and morphological character evolution of the subgenus using 117 accessions representing 107taxa across the 19 currently recognized sections within Allium subgenus Melanocrommyum.Although the subgenus is monophyletic,significant incongruence exists between morphological and molecular data.Our plastome-based phylogenetic analysis identified five distinct lineages(A-E),corresponding to the geographic distributions of the species.However,plastome lineages(A-E)and ITS clusters(A-G)were incongruent.Biogeographic and molecular dating analyses suggest that Melanocrommyum evolved in association with tectonic uplift events in Central Asia during the Late Miocene or Oligocene.Our finding that Melanocrommyum plastomes have lost inf A and one copy rps19 gene indicate that the subgenus has undergone a relatively recent diversification.We also found that narrow leaves and fasciculate to semiglobose inflorescences may represent ancestral traits within the subgenus.This study provides new insights into the biogeographic history and trait evolution of Melanocrommyum,suggesting recent diversification influenced by tectonic events and climate change,while highlighting the complexity of molecular and morphological data integration.
文摘BACKGROUND Cirrhotic patients with super-giant hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and portal vein invasion generally have a poor prognosis.This paper presents a patient with super-giant HCC and portal vein invasion,who underwent hepatectomy followed by a combination of sorafenib and camrelizumab,resulting in complete remission(CR)for 5 years.CASE SUMMARY A 40-year-old male with compensated hepatitis B-related cirrhosis was diagnosed with HCC,Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C.Enhanced computed tomography imaging revealed a 152 mm×171 mm tumor in the right liver,invading the portal vein and hepatic vein.Liver function was normal.The patient successfully underwent hepatectomy on July 18,2019.However,by December 2019,HCC recurrence with lung metastases and portal vein invasion were detected.He started treatment with sorafenib(200 mg twice daily)and camrelizumab(200 mg every 3 weeks).By May 12,2020,the patient was confirmed to have CR.Camrelizumab was adjusted to 200 mg every 12 weeks from June 16,2021,with the last infusion on March 29,2024.Although no further tumor recurrence was observed,he experienced two episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding due to esophagogastric varices,which were managed with endoscopic therapy.To date,the patient has remained in CR for 5 years.CONCLUSION The combination of hepatectomy with sorafenib and camrelizumab can achieve durable CR in patients with supergiant HCC and portal vein invasion.Further research is necessary to address these challenges and improve patient outcomes.
