LargeLanguageModels(LLMs)are increasingly appliedinthe fieldof code translation.However,existing evaluation methodologies suffer from two major limitations:(1)the high overlap between test data and pretraining corpora...LargeLanguageModels(LLMs)are increasingly appliedinthe fieldof code translation.However,existing evaluation methodologies suffer from two major limitations:(1)the high overlap between test data and pretraining corpora,which introduces significant bias in performance evaluation;and(2)mainstream metrics focus primarily on surface-level accuracy,failing to uncover the underlying factors that constrain model capabilities.To address these issues,this paper presents TCode(Translation-Oriented Code Evaluation benchmark)—a complexity-controllable,contamination-free benchmark dataset for code translation—alongside a dedicated static feature sensitivity evaluation framework.The dataset is carefully designed to control complexity along multiple dimensions—including syntactic nesting and expression intricacy—enabling both broad coverage and fine-grained differentiation of sample difficulty.This design supports precise evaluation of model capabilities across a wide spectrum of translation challenges.The proposed evaluation framework introduces a correlation-driven analysis mechanism based on static program features,enabling predictive modeling of translation success from two perspectives:Code Form Complexity(e.g.,code length and character density)and Semantic Modeling Complexity(e.g.,syntactic depth,control-flow nesting,and type system complexity).Empirical evaluations across representative LLMs—including Qwen2.5-72B and Llama3.3-70B—demonstrate that even state-of-the-art models achieve over 80% compilation success on simple samples,but their accuracy drops sharply below 40% on complex cases.Further correlation analysis indicates that Semantic Modeling Complexity alone is correlated with up to 60% of the variance in translation success,with static program features exhibiting nonlinear threshold effects that highlight clear capability boundaries.This study departs fromthe traditional accuracy-centric evaluation paradigm and,for the first time,systematically characterizes the capabilities of large languagemodels in translation tasks through the lens of programstatic features.The findings provide actionable insights for model refinement and training strategy development.展开更多
Should the article be accepted and published by Agricultural Science&Technology,the author hereby grants exclusively to the editorial department of Agricultural Science&Technology the digital reproduction,dist...Should the article be accepted and published by Agricultural Science&Technology,the author hereby grants exclusively to the editorial department of Agricultural Science&Technology the digital reproduction,distribution,compilation and information network transmission rights.展开更多
New Era New Xizang The series of books has been compiled by educators from nine colleges affiliated with Xizang Minzu University over 18 months.The work is organized into six volumes.It systematically summarizes the r...New Era New Xizang The series of books has been compiled by educators from nine colleges affiliated with Xizang Minzu University over 18 months.The work is organized into six volumes.It systematically summarizes the remarkable achievements of Xizang in various domains,including economic development.展开更多
Should the article be accepted and published by Agricultural Science&Technology,the author hereby grants exclusively to the editorial department of Agricultural Science&Technology the digital reproduction,dist...Should the article be accepted and published by Agricultural Science&Technology,the author hereby grants exclusively to the editorial department of Agricultural Science&Technology the digital reproduction,distribution,compilation and information network transmission rights.展开更多
In compliance with“Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China”,it is agreed by the author(s)of the said article as follows upon signing of this statement:The said article shall be published in Journal of Trans...In compliance with“Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China”,it is agreed by the author(s)of the said article as follows upon signing of this statement:The said article shall be published in Journal of Trans-lational Neuroscience.The author(s)shall grant the fol-lowing worldwide exclusive rights carried by the said article in different languages to Journal of Translational Neuroscience free of charge:reproductions,distribution,electronic dissemination,translation and compilation.The author(s)authorize(s)Journal of Translational Neu-roscience to register the said article(including all the in-termedia)with the proper copyright authorities.展开更多
Traditional quantum circuit scheduling approaches underutilize the inherent parallelism of quantum computation in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum(NISQ)era,overlook the inter-layer operations can be further parall...Traditional quantum circuit scheduling approaches underutilize the inherent parallelism of quantum computation in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum(NISQ)era,overlook the inter-layer operations can be further parallelized.Based on this,two quantum circuit scheduling optimization approaches are designed and integrated into the quantum circuit compilation process.Firstly,we introduce the Layered Topology Scheduling Approach(LTSA),which employs a greedy algorithm and leverages the principles of topological sorting in graph theory.LTSA allocates quantum gates to a layered structure,maximizing the concurrent execution of quantum gate operations.Secondly,the Layerwise Conflict Resolution Approach(LCRA)is proposed.LCRA focuses on utilizing directly executable quantum gates within layers.Through the insertion of SWAP gates and conflict resolution checks,it minimizes conflicts and enhances parallelism,thereby optimizing the overall computational efficiency.Experimental findings indicate that LTSA and LCRA individually achieve a noteworthy reduction of 51.1%and 53.2%,respectively,in the number of inserted SWAP gates.Additionally,they contribute to a decrease in hardware gate overhead by 14.7%and 15%,respectively.Considering the intricate nature of quantum circuits and the temporal dependencies among different layers,the amalgamation of both approaches leads to a remarkable 51.6%reduction in inserted SWAP gates and a 14.8%decrease in hardware gate overhead.These results underscore the efficacy of the combined LTSA and LCRA in optimizing quantum circuit compilation.展开更多
VHDL and its supporting environment are active domain in the field of logic design.In the paper the design principle and some key techniques to solve the problems on the implementation of the VHDL parser are introduce...VHDL and its supporting environment are active domain in the field of logic design.In the paper the design principle and some key techniques to solve the problems on the implementation of the VHDL parser are introduced. According to the methods discussed in the paper, the VHDL parser based on VHDL IEEE 1076 standard version is implemented and a series of strict tests are done. This VHDL parser is front-end tool of the VHDL high level synthesis and mixed level simulation system developed by the Research Center of ASIC of BIT.展开更多
Prototype landscape refers to the impressive scenes that one has experienced in his/her living environment before 20 years old.Based on the analysis of the existing literature,the authors compiled a standard scale typ...Prototype landscape refers to the impressive scenes that one has experienced in his/her living environment before 20 years old.Based on the analysis of the existing literature,the authors compiled a standard scale type questionnaire by means of a field survey,which was about the influences of prototype landscape on one's landscape perception.Taking Likert scale as the main part,this questionnaire analyzed the influence of prototype landscape on landscape perception from perception,attitude,and behavior dimensions.In order to further improve its rationality,the authors tested some other aspects of this questionnaire,including logic validity,construct validity,congeniality reliability,split-half reliability,etc..The results validated that the questionnaire possessed good theoretical structure and validity target,which can evaluate various aspects of prototype landscape on one's landscape perception in an effective and reliable way.Therefore,the questionnaire put forward by this study not only enriched the studies of prototype landscape on landscape designing,but also provided an effective tool for quantitative analysis of "the influences of prototype landscape on one's landscape perception".展开更多
Audiovisual and digital techniques are becoming the main resources in everyday life, and interdisciplinary transformation of tourism promotion and animation has already been applied in modem tourism. Tourism offers an...Audiovisual and digital techniques are becoming the main resources in everyday life, and interdisciplinary transformation of tourism promotion and animation has already been applied in modem tourism. Tourism offers and services should be complete, current, and qualitative through all phases of the planning process, starting from preparation to implementation. The modem tourist offer of services involves production of multivalorized natural, anthropogenic, communicative, and receptive values of a particular facility or geographic area as a tourist destination target. The tourist or client should experience complete ＂tour-retour＂, or as stated in the tourism ＂I came, saw, took, in order to come back again＂, through all the stages, from the preparation of the travel, the stay, up to the departure. Tourism, in the near future, or the tourist dialectical development in order to be completely realized, must pass through the so-called tourist triad from audiovisual or real, to virtual or imagined and to virtuous or perfect. In that case, an ecstasy of admiration, enhancement, prowess, joy, pleasure, excitement, success, and happiness will cause tourists to visit the place again. In order to experience the previously mentioned states, arrangement from professionals, tourist managers, and animators from various areas is of great importance.展开更多
This paper briefly introduces the systemic structure of Vocational English series--Basic English, and puts forwards the four key compiling principles, namely, system, cognition, practicality and interest.
This study examines whether the level of Certified Public Accounting(CPA)firm assurance associated with financial statements affects commercial lending decisions.A between-subjects behavioral experiment is used with t...This study examines whether the level of Certified Public Accounting(CPA)firm assurance associated with financial statements affects commercial lending decisions.A between-subjects behavioral experiment is used with three conditions involving different levels of CPA firm assurance—compilations,reviews,and audits.Findings indicate that neither the lenders’risk assessments of loan applicants nor their elicited probabilities of granting credit differed among the three levels of CPA firm assurance.展开更多
In view of lake scenic areas with abundant tourist resources but less-developed economy,contradictions between the urgency of its tourist resource development and complexity of urban-rural planning compilation were an...In view of lake scenic areas with abundant tourist resources but less-developed economy,contradictions between the urgency of its tourist resource development and complexity of urban-rural planning compilation were analyzed,and also limitations summarized as insufficient time and fund.Statutory planning contents included in the integrated compilation system were elaborated,and compilation of the integrated planning for the Longhe Lake Scenic Area in the Taihang Mountains was taken for example to introduce planning concepts of the compilation technical system.Considering characteristics of the study area,"regionality" was stressed as the foundation of planning compilation,concise,convenient and practical planning compilation contents were advocated and further explained from the perspectives of compiling by layer and category.In view of this,it is necessary to apply integrated compilation mode under certain circumstances,so as to provide a new approach for the planning compilation of other regions in China and enhance economic and social development of local areas.展开更多
文摘LargeLanguageModels(LLMs)are increasingly appliedinthe fieldof code translation.However,existing evaluation methodologies suffer from two major limitations:(1)the high overlap between test data and pretraining corpora,which introduces significant bias in performance evaluation;and(2)mainstream metrics focus primarily on surface-level accuracy,failing to uncover the underlying factors that constrain model capabilities.To address these issues,this paper presents TCode(Translation-Oriented Code Evaluation benchmark)—a complexity-controllable,contamination-free benchmark dataset for code translation—alongside a dedicated static feature sensitivity evaluation framework.The dataset is carefully designed to control complexity along multiple dimensions—including syntactic nesting and expression intricacy—enabling both broad coverage and fine-grained differentiation of sample difficulty.This design supports precise evaluation of model capabilities across a wide spectrum of translation challenges.The proposed evaluation framework introduces a correlation-driven analysis mechanism based on static program features,enabling predictive modeling of translation success from two perspectives:Code Form Complexity(e.g.,code length and character density)and Semantic Modeling Complexity(e.g.,syntactic depth,control-flow nesting,and type system complexity).Empirical evaluations across representative LLMs—including Qwen2.5-72B and Llama3.3-70B—demonstrate that even state-of-the-art models achieve over 80% compilation success on simple samples,but their accuracy drops sharply below 40% on complex cases.Further correlation analysis indicates that Semantic Modeling Complexity alone is correlated with up to 60% of the variance in translation success,with static program features exhibiting nonlinear threshold effects that highlight clear capability boundaries.This study departs fromthe traditional accuracy-centric evaluation paradigm and,for the first time,systematically characterizes the capabilities of large languagemodels in translation tasks through the lens of programstatic features.The findings provide actionable insights for model refinement and training strategy development.
文摘Should the article be accepted and published by Agricultural Science&Technology,the author hereby grants exclusively to the editorial department of Agricultural Science&Technology the digital reproduction,distribution,compilation and information network transmission rights.
文摘New Era New Xizang The series of books has been compiled by educators from nine colleges affiliated with Xizang Minzu University over 18 months.The work is organized into six volumes.It systematically summarizes the remarkable achievements of Xizang in various domains,including economic development.
文摘Should the article be accepted and published by Agricultural Science&Technology,the author hereby grants exclusively to the editorial department of Agricultural Science&Technology the digital reproduction,distribution,compilation and information network transmission rights.
文摘In compliance with“Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China”,it is agreed by the author(s)of the said article as follows upon signing of this statement:The said article shall be published in Journal of Trans-lational Neuroscience.The author(s)shall grant the fol-lowing worldwide exclusive rights carried by the said article in different languages to Journal of Translational Neuroscience free of charge:reproductions,distribution,electronic dissemination,translation and compilation.The author(s)authorize(s)Journal of Translational Neu-roscience to register the said article(including all the in-termedia)with the proper copyright authorities.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(Grant No.LH2022F035)the Cultivation Programme for Young Innovative Talents in Ordinary Higher Education Institutions of Heilongjiang Province(Grant No.UNPYSCT-2020212)the Cultivation Programme for Young Innovative Talents in Scientific Research of Harbin University of Commerce(Grant No.2023-KYYWF-0983).
文摘Traditional quantum circuit scheduling approaches underutilize the inherent parallelism of quantum computation in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum(NISQ)era,overlook the inter-layer operations can be further parallelized.Based on this,two quantum circuit scheduling optimization approaches are designed and integrated into the quantum circuit compilation process.Firstly,we introduce the Layered Topology Scheduling Approach(LTSA),which employs a greedy algorithm and leverages the principles of topological sorting in graph theory.LTSA allocates quantum gates to a layered structure,maximizing the concurrent execution of quantum gate operations.Secondly,the Layerwise Conflict Resolution Approach(LCRA)is proposed.LCRA focuses on utilizing directly executable quantum gates within layers.Through the insertion of SWAP gates and conflict resolution checks,it minimizes conflicts and enhances parallelism,thereby optimizing the overall computational efficiency.Experimental findings indicate that LTSA and LCRA individually achieve a noteworthy reduction of 51.1%and 53.2%,respectively,in the number of inserted SWAP gates.Additionally,they contribute to a decrease in hardware gate overhead by 14.7%and 15%,respectively.Considering the intricate nature of quantum circuits and the temporal dependencies among different layers,the amalgamation of both approaches leads to a remarkable 51.6%reduction in inserted SWAP gates and a 14.8%decrease in hardware gate overhead.These results underscore the efficacy of the combined LTSA and LCRA in optimizing quantum circuit compilation.
文摘VHDL and its supporting environment are active domain in the field of logic design.In the paper the design principle and some key techniques to solve the problems on the implementation of the VHDL parser are introduced. According to the methods discussed in the paper, the VHDL parser based on VHDL IEEE 1076 standard version is implemented and a series of strict tests are done. This VHDL parser is front-end tool of the VHDL high level synthesis and mixed level simulation system developed by the Research Center of ASIC of BIT.
文摘Prototype landscape refers to the impressive scenes that one has experienced in his/her living environment before 20 years old.Based on the analysis of the existing literature,the authors compiled a standard scale type questionnaire by means of a field survey,which was about the influences of prototype landscape on one's landscape perception.Taking Likert scale as the main part,this questionnaire analyzed the influence of prototype landscape on landscape perception from perception,attitude,and behavior dimensions.In order to further improve its rationality,the authors tested some other aspects of this questionnaire,including logic validity,construct validity,congeniality reliability,split-half reliability,etc..The results validated that the questionnaire possessed good theoretical structure and validity target,which can evaluate various aspects of prototype landscape on one's landscape perception in an effective and reliable way.Therefore,the questionnaire put forward by this study not only enriched the studies of prototype landscape on landscape designing,but also provided an effective tool for quantitative analysis of "the influences of prototype landscape on one's landscape perception".
文摘Audiovisual and digital techniques are becoming the main resources in everyday life, and interdisciplinary transformation of tourism promotion and animation has already been applied in modem tourism. Tourism offers and services should be complete, current, and qualitative through all phases of the planning process, starting from preparation to implementation. The modem tourist offer of services involves production of multivalorized natural, anthropogenic, communicative, and receptive values of a particular facility or geographic area as a tourist destination target. The tourist or client should experience complete ＂tour-retour＂, or as stated in the tourism ＂I came, saw, took, in order to come back again＂, through all the stages, from the preparation of the travel, the stay, up to the departure. Tourism, in the near future, or the tourist dialectical development in order to be completely realized, must pass through the so-called tourist triad from audiovisual or real, to virtual or imagined and to virtuous or perfect. In that case, an ecstasy of admiration, enhancement, prowess, joy, pleasure, excitement, success, and happiness will cause tourists to visit the place again. In order to experience the previously mentioned states, arrangement from professionals, tourist managers, and animators from various areas is of great importance.
文摘This paper briefly introduces the systemic structure of Vocational English series--Basic English, and puts forwards the four key compiling principles, namely, system, cognition, practicality and interest.
文摘This study examines whether the level of Certified Public Accounting(CPA)firm assurance associated with financial statements affects commercial lending decisions.A between-subjects behavioral experiment is used with three conditions involving different levels of CPA firm assurance—compilations,reviews,and audits.Findings indicate that neither the lenders’risk assessments of loan applicants nor their elicited probabilities of granting credit differed among the three levels of CPA firm assurance.
文摘In view of lake scenic areas with abundant tourist resources but less-developed economy,contradictions between the urgency of its tourist resource development and complexity of urban-rural planning compilation were analyzed,and also limitations summarized as insufficient time and fund.Statutory planning contents included in the integrated compilation system were elaborated,and compilation of the integrated planning for the Longhe Lake Scenic Area in the Taihang Mountains was taken for example to introduce planning concepts of the compilation technical system.Considering characteristics of the study area,"regionality" was stressed as the foundation of planning compilation,concise,convenient and practical planning compilation contents were advocated and further explained from the perspectives of compiling by layer and category.In view of this,it is necessary to apply integrated compilation mode under certain circumstances,so as to provide a new approach for the planning compilation of other regions in China and enhance economic and social development of local areas.
