Focusing on the unclear mechanism of aerodynamic interference in overlapping rotors of heavy-load electric vertical take-off and landing(eVTOL)aircraft,this paper aims to reveal the aerodynamic interference characteri...Focusing on the unclear mechanism of aerodynamic interference in overlapping rotors of heavy-load electric vertical take-off and landing(eVTOL)aircraft,this paper aims to reveal the aerodynamic interference characteristics and flow field evolution laws of overlapping rotor configurations in hovering conditions through numerical simulation methods.The research method involves constructing a computational model for rotor flow fields and aerodynamic characteristics based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)equations and the Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)turbulence model.The dynamic simulation of rotor rotational motion was achieved by using the moving nested grid technology.The reliability of the computational method was ensured through the grid independence verification and the comparison with experimental data.The research results indicate that in overlapping rotor systems,rotorⅡexperiences a decrease in thrust,significant power fluctuations,and reduced hovering efficiency due to continuous interference from the adjacent rotor’s wake and blade-vortex interactions.Blade-tip vortices undergo breakage,fusion,and secondary rolling in the overlapping region,forming large-scale turbulent structures that lead to attenuation of the induced velocity field and aerodynamic efficiency losses.Additionally,the interaction between the rotor downwash and the fuselage triggers a“fountain effect”and a sudden increase in surface pressure on the fuselage,exacerbating flow field distortion.Based on the aforementioned mechanisms,the safe flight of overlapping rotor configurations can be achieved by optimizing the configuration strategy of the rotational speed phase difference between adjacent blades.This study provides a theoretical basis for the rotor layout design and the aerodynamic performance enhancement of heavy-load eVTOL aircraft.展开更多
The advancement of next-generation high-frequency communication systems and stealth detection technologies necessitate the development of efficient,multi-spectrum compatible shielding materials.However,the achievement...The advancement of next-generation high-frequency communication systems and stealth detection technologies necessitate the development of efficient,multi-spectrum compatible shielding materials.However,the achievement of simultaneous high efficiency and low reflectivity across microwave,terahertz,and infrared spectra remains a formidable challenge.Herein,a carbonized MXene/polyimide(C-MXene/PI)aerogel material integrating a spatially coupled hierarchically anisotropic structure with stepwise conductivity gradients was constructed.Electromagnetic waves propagate through the top-down vertical disordered horizontal architecture and progressive conductivity gradient of C-MXene/PI aerogel,undergoing stepwise absorption-dissipation-re-dissipation processes.The C-MXene/PI aerogel exhibits an average electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding effectiveness of91.0 dB in X-band and a reflection coefficient of 0.40.In the terahertz frequency band,the average EMI shielding performance reaches66.2 dB with a reflection coefficient of 0.33.Furthermore,the heterolayered porous architecture of C-MXene/PI aerogels exhibits low thermal conductivity and reduced infrared emissivity,enabling exceptional infrared stealth capability across the 2-16μm wavelength spectrum.This study provides an feasible strategy for constructing low-reflectivity multi-spectrum compatible shielding materials.展开更多
A method for correlating thermal light over a wide spectral range is proposed.A multi-wavelength pseudothermal source,prepared by projecting laser beams of multiple wavelengths(650 nm,635 nm,532 nm,and 473 nm)onto a m...A method for correlating thermal light over a wide spectral range is proposed.A multi-wavelength pseudothermal source,prepared by projecting laser beams of multiple wavelengths(650 nm,635 nm,532 nm,and 473 nm)onto a moving thin ground glass plate,is employed in a double-slit interference experiment.The ground glass plate induces random phase differences between light beams of different wavelengths passing through it.This initial random phase difference significantly influences the high-order intensity correlation functions of multi-wavelength thermal beams.Experimentally,second-order correlated interference patterns,including subwavelength interference,of pseudothermal beams with different wavelengths are observed in the intensity correlation measurements.This method facilitates applications of correlated thermal photons in quantum information processing and quantum imaging.展开更多
With the rapid development of intelligent electronic and military equipment,multifunctional flexible materials that integrat electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding,temperature sensing,and information encryption ar...With the rapid development of intelligent electronic and military equipment,multifunctional flexible materials that integrat electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding,temperature sensing,and information encryption are urgently required.This study presents a bio-inspired hierarchical composite foam fabricated using supercritical nitrogen foaming technology.This material exhibits a honeycomb structure,with pore cell sizes controllable within a range of 30–92μm by regulating the filler.The carbon fiber felt(CFf)provides efficient reflection of electromagnetic waves,while the chloroprene rubber/carbon fiber/carbon black foam facilitates both wave absorption and temperature monitoring through its optimized conductive network.This synergistic mechanism results in an EMI shielding effectiveness(SE)of 60.06 d B with excellent temperature sensing performance(The temperature coefficient of resistance(TCR)is-2.642%/℃)in the 24–70℃ range.Notably,the material has a thermal conductivity of up to 0.159 W/(m·K),and the bio-inspired layered design enables information encryption,demonstrating the material's potential for secure communication applications.The foam also has tensile properties of up to 5.13 MPa and a tear strength of 33.02 N/mm.This biomimetic design overcomes the traditional limitations of flexible materials and provides a transformative solution for next-generation applications such as flexible electronics,aerospace systems and military equipment,which urgently need integrated electromagnetic protection,thermal management and information security.展开更多
In this study,an architecture featuring a gradient conductive network structure and three-dimensional dual-continuous network structure is constructed in a carbon nanotubes/cellulose-boron nitride/poly(vinyl alcohol)(...In this study,an architecture featuring a gradient conductive network structure and three-dimensional dual-continuous network structure is constructed in a carbon nanotubes/cellulose-boron nitride/poly(vinyl alcohol)(CNT/cellulose-BN/PVA)composite.Using cellulose aerogel as a template,CNT were incorporated into the cellulose template by vertically impregnating the CNT suspension.Following the impregnation of BN/PVA and high-pressure compression,three-dimensional dual-continuous network structure was successfully constructed in the CNT/cellulose-BN/PVA composite.The comprehensive performance of the composite,including electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding and Joule heating performance,was investigated.The results indicate that the total EMI shielding effectiveness(SE)for the CNT/cellulose-BN/PVA composite reveals similar values for electromagnetic waves incident from different directions,but totally different shielding mechanisms.For the CNT/cellulose-BN/PVA composite with three impregnation cycles of CNT,the EMI SE values exceeded 39 dB for electromagnetic waves incident from both the high-and low-CNT-content sides.93%of the microwaves were reflected when electromagnetic waves were incident from the high-CNT-content side,while the reflection coefficient decreased to 0.44 for the transverse direction.In addition,the construction of the dual-continuous network structure enabled the composite to exhibit both excellent electrical conductivity and good thermal conductivity simultaneously,endowing the material with good Joule heating performance.CNT/cellulose-BN/PVA composite films have significant potential for application as EMI shielding materials in extremely cold weather.展开更多
High-precision optical frequency measurement serves as a cornerstone of modern science and technology,enabling advancements in fields ranging from fundamental physics to quantum information technologies.Obtaining prec...High-precision optical frequency measurement serves as a cornerstone of modern science and technology,enabling advancements in fields ranging from fundamental physics to quantum information technologies.Obtaining precise photon frequencies,especially in the ultraviolet or even extreme ultraviolet regimes,is a key goal in both light–matter interaction experiments and engineering applications.High-order harmonic generation(HHG)is an ideal light source for producing such photons.In this work,we propose an optical temporal interference model(OTIM)that establishes an analogy with multi-slit Fraunhofer diffraction(MSFD)to manipulate fine-frequency photon generation by exploiting the temporal coherence of HHG processes.Our model provides a unified physical framework for three distinct non-integer HHG generation schemes:single-pulse,shaped-pulse,and laser pulse train approaches,which correspond to single-MSFD-like,double-MSFD-like,and multi-MSFD-like processes,respectively.Arbitrary non-integer HHG photons can be obtained using our scheme.Our approach provides a new perspective for accurately measuring and controlling photon frequencies in fields such as frequency comb technology,interferometry,and atomic clocks.展开更多
Brain lesions,such as those caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury(TBI),frequently result in persistent motor and cognitive impairments that significantly affect the individual patient's quality of life.Despit...Brain lesions,such as those caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury(TBI),frequently result in persistent motor and cognitive impairments that significantly affect the individual patient's quality of life.Despite differences in the mechanisms of injury,both conditions share a high prevalence of motor and cognitive impairments.These deficits show only limited natural recovery.展开更多
To shield electronics from complicated electromagnetic environments caused by wireless electromagnetic waves,achieving elaborately structural manufacturing while not sacrificing electromagnetic interference shielding ...To shield electronics from complicated electromagnetic environments caused by wireless electromagnetic waves,achieving elaborately structural manufacturing while not sacrificing electromagnetic interference shielding performances remains crucial challenges.Herein,we propose a hierarchical manufacturing method that combines the use of 3D printing shear flow field and layer-by-layer assembly for fabricating the structurally customizable and multifunctional polylactic acid@graphene nanoparticle(PLA@GNs)materials.The dynamic behavior of polymer fluids is firstly explored via computational fluid dynamic simulation,and a Weissenberg number is employed to quantitatively analyze the disordered-to-ordered structural evolution of molecular chains and nanoparticles,allowing to tailor the micro-scale ordered structures.Subsequently,the macro-scale 3D architectures of PLA@GNs modules are fabricated by layer-by-layer assembly.Owing to the aligned GNs,the shielding performance reaches 41.2 d B,simultaneously accompanied by a directional thermal conductivity of 3.2 W m^(-1)K^(-1).Moreover,the potential application of 3D-printed shielding modules in specific civilian frequency bands such as 4G(1800–2100 MHz),Bluetooth(2402–2480 MHz),and 5G(3300–3800 MHz)is fully demonstrated.Overall,this work not only establishes a universal methodology about 3D printing shear flow field-driven orientation of two-dimensional nanoparticles within polymer fluids,but also gives a scientific method for advanced manufacturing of the next-generation electromagnetic functional modules for smart electronics.展开更多
We present a compact self-interference incoherent digital holography(SIDH)system that incorporates a quarter-waveplate(QWP)-based geometric phase(GP)lens to achieve high-fidelity,full-color holographic imaging under b...We present a compact self-interference incoherent digital holography(SIDH)system that incorporates a quarter-waveplate(QWP)-based geometric phase(GP)lens to achieve high-fidelity,full-color holographic imaging under broadband incoherent illumination.Traditional SIDH systems that utilize half-waveplate(HWP)-based GP lenses are hindered by unavoidable triple-wavefront polarization interference,stemming from chromatic dispersion in phase retardation.This interference introduces color-dependent artifacts in the reconstructed images.In contrast,our QWP-based design inherently suppresses such interference by using the non-diffracted beam as the reference,enabling stable dual-wavefront modulation.This approach produces phase-encoded polarization interference patterns that remain spectrally consistent across the red,green,and blue(RGB)channels.Experimental results demonstrate substantial noise suppression and significantly improved full-color image fidelity,supported by channelspecific noise analysis and structural similarity metrics.The system also preserves a simplified optical configuration without active polarization control,allowing for compact integration and cost-effective fabrication.These advantages position the proposed QWP-GP SIDH architecture as a promising solution for portable,real-time digital holographic 3D imaging,with scalable potential in applications such as augmented reality,optical diagnostics,and spectral holography.展开更多
Self-trapped excitons(STEs),known for their unique radiative properties,have been harnessed in diverse photonic devices;however,their comprehensive understanding and manipulation remain elusive.In this study,we presen...Self-trapped excitons(STEs),known for their unique radiative properties,have been harnessed in diverse photonic devices;however,their comprehensive understanding and manipulation remain elusive.In this study,we present novel experimental and theoretical evidence revealing the hybrid nature and optical tunability of STE state in Cs_(2)Ag_(0.4)Na_(0.6)InCl_(6).The detection of the Fano resonance in laser energy-dependent Raman and photoluminescence spectra indicates the emergence of an exciton-phonon hybrid state,arising from robust quantum interference between the discrete phonon and continuum exciton states.Moreover,we demonstrate continuous tuning of this hybrid state with the energy and intensity of the laser field.These findings lay the foundation for a comprehensive understanding of the nature of STE and their potential for state control.展开更多
New electric power systems characterized by a high proportion of renewable energy and power electronics equipment face significant challenges due to high-frequency(HF)electromagnetic interference from the high-speed s...New electric power systems characterized by a high proportion of renewable energy and power electronics equipment face significant challenges due to high-frequency(HF)electromagnetic interference from the high-speed switching of power converters.To address this situation,this paper offers an in-depth review of HF interference problems and challenges originating from power electronic devices.First,the root cause of HF electromagnetic interference,i.e.,the resonant response of the parasitic parameters of the system to high-speed switching transients,is analyzed,and various scenarios of HF interference in power systems are highlighted.Next,the types of HF interference are summarized,with a focus on common-mode interference in grounding systems.This paper thoroughly reviews and compares various suppression methods for conducted HF interference.Finally,the challenges involved and suggestions for addressing emerging HF interference problems from the perspective of both power electronics equipment and power systems are discussed.This review aims to offer a structured understanding of HF interference problems and their suppression techniques for researchers and practitioners.展开更多
Robust, ultra-flexible, and multifunctional MXene-basedelectromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding nanocomposite filmsexhibit enormous potential for applications in artificial intelligence,wireless telecommunication,...Robust, ultra-flexible, and multifunctional MXene-basedelectromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding nanocomposite filmsexhibit enormous potential for applications in artificial intelligence,wireless telecommunication, and portable/wearable electronic equipment.In this work, a nacre-inspired multifunctional heterocyclic aramid(HA)/MXene@polypyrrole (PPy) (HMP) nanocomposite paper withlarge-scale, high strength, super toughness, and excellent tolerance tocomplex conditions is fabricated through the strategy of HA/MXenehydrogel template-assisted in-situ assembly of PPy. Benefiting from the"brick-and-mortar" layered structure and the strong hydrogen-bondinginteractions among MXene, HA, and PPy, the paper exhibits remarkable mechanical performances, including high tensile strength (309.7 MPa),outstanding toughness (57.6 MJ m−3), exceptional foldability, and structural stability against ultrasonication. By using the template effect ofHA/MXene to guide the assembly of conductive polymers, the synthesized paper obtains excellent electronic conductivity. More importantly,the highly continuous conductive path enables the nanocomposite paper to achieve a splendid EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 54.1 dBat an ultra-thin thickness (25.4 μm) and a high specific EMI SE of 17,204.7 dB cm2g−1. In addition, the papers also have excellent applicationsin electromagnetic protection, electro-/photothermal de-icing, thermal therapy, and fire safety. These findings broaden the ideas for developinghigh-performance and multifunctional MXene-based films with enormous application potential in EMI shielding and thermal management.展开更多
Electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials with superior shielding efficiency and low-reflection properties hold promising potential for utilization across electronic components,precision instruments,and fif...Electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials with superior shielding efficiency and low-reflection properties hold promising potential for utilization across electronic components,precision instruments,and fifth-generation communication equipment.In this study,multistage microcellular waterborne polyurethane(WPU)composites were constructed via gradient induction,layer-by-layer casting,and supercritical carbon dioxide foaming.The gradient-structured WPU/ironcobalt loaded reduced graphene oxide(FeCo@rGO)foam serves as an impedance-matched absorption layer,while the highly conductive WPU/silver loaded glass microspheres(Ag@GM)layer is employed as a reflection layer.Thanks to the incorporation of an asymmetric structure,as well as the introduction of gradient and porous configurations,the composite foam demonstrates excellent conductivity,outstanding EMI SE(74.9 dB),and minimal reflection characteristics(35.28%)in 8.2-12.4 GHz,implying that more than 99.99999%of electromagnetic(EM)waves were blocked and only 35.28%were reflected to the external environment.Interestingly,the reflectivity of the composite foam is reduced to 0.41%at 10.88 GHz due to the resonance for incident and reflected EM waves.Beyond that,the composite foam is characterized by low density(0.47 g/cm^(3))and great stability of EMI shielding properties.This work offers a viable approach for craft-ing lightweight,highly shielding,and minimally reflective EMI shielding composites.展开更多
Interference significantly impacts the performance of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),highlighting the need for advanced interference localization technology to bolster anti-interference and defense capa...Interference significantly impacts the performance of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),highlighting the need for advanced interference localization technology to bolster anti-interference and defense capabilities.The Uniform Circular Array(UCA)enables concurrent estimation of the Direction of Arrival(DOA)in both azimuth and elevation.Given the paramount importance of stability and real-time performance in interference localization,this work proposes an innovative approach to reduce the complexity and increase the robustness of the DOA estimation.The proposed method reduces computational complexity by selecting a reduced number of array elements to reconstruct a non-uniform sparse array from a UCA.To ensure DOA estimation accuracy,minimizing the Cramér-Rao Bound(CRB)is the objective,and the Spatial Correlation Coefficient(SCC)is incorporated as a constraint to mitigate side-lobe.The optimization model is a quadratic fractional model,which is solved by Semi-Definite Relaxation(SDR).When the array has perturbations,the mathematical expressions for CRB and SCC are re-derived to enhance the robustness of the reconstructed array.Simulation and hardware experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in estimating interference DOA,showing high robustness and reductions in hardware and computational costs associated with DOA estimation.展开更多
Designing and fabricating a compatible low-reflectivity electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding/high-temperature resistant infrared stealth material possesses a critical significance in the field of military.Hence,...Designing and fabricating a compatible low-reflectivity electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding/high-temperature resistant infrared stealth material possesses a critical significance in the field of military.Hence,a hierarchical polyimide(PI)nonwoven fabric is fabricated by alkali treatment,in-situ growth of magnetic particles and"self-activated"electroless Ag plating process.Especially,the hierarchical impedance matching can be constructed by systematically assembling Fe_(3)O_(4)/Ag-loaded PI nonwoven fabric(PFA)and pure Ag-coated PI nonwoven fabric(PA),endowing it with an ultralowreflectivity EMI shielding performance.In addition,thermal insulation of fluffy three-dimensional(3D)space structure in PFA and low infrared emissivity of PA originated from Ag plating bring an excellent infrared stealth performance.More importantly,the strong bonding interaction between Fe_(3)O_(4),Ag,and PI fiber improves thermal stability in EMI shielding and high-temperature resistant infrared stealth performance.Such excellent comprehensive performance makes it promising for military tents to protect internal equipment from electromagnetic interference stemmed from adjacent equipment and/or enemy,and inhibit external infrared detection.展开更多
With the boom in maritime activities,the need for highly reliable maritime communication is becoming urgent,which is an important component of 5G/6G communication networks.However,the bandwidth reuse characteristic of...With the boom in maritime activities,the need for highly reliable maritime communication is becoming urgent,which is an important component of 5G/6G communication networks.However,the bandwidth reuse characteristic of 5G/6G networks will inevitably lead to severe interference,resulting in degradation in the communication performance of maritime users.In this paper,we propose a safe deep reinforcement learning based interference coordination scheme to jointly optimize the power control and bandwidth allocation in maritime communication systems,and exploit the quality-of-service requirements of users as the risk value references to evaluate the communication policies.In particular,this scheme designs a deep neural network to select the communication policies through the evaluation network and update the parameters using the target network,which improves the communication performance and speeds up the convergence rate.Moreover,the Nash equilibrium of the interference coordination game and the computational complexity of the proposed scheme are analyzed.Simulation and experimental results verify the performance gain of the proposed scheme compared with benchmarks.展开更多
As modern communication and detection technologies advance at a swift pace,multifunctional electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials with active/positive infrared stealth,hydrophobicity,and electric-thermal...As modern communication and detection technologies advance at a swift pace,multifunctional electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials with active/positive infrared stealth,hydrophobicity,and electric-thermal conversion ability have received extensive attention.Meeting the aforesaid requirements simultaneously remains a huge challenge.In this research,the melamine foam(MF)/polypyrrole(PPy)nanowire arrays(MF@PPy)were fabricated via one-step electrochemical polymerization.The hierarchical MF@PPy foam was composed of three-dimensional PPy micro-skeleton and ordered PPy nanowire arrays.Due to the upwardly grown PPy nanowire arrays,the MF@PPy foam possessed good hydrophobicity ability with a water contact angle of 142.00°and outstanding stability under various harsh environments.Meanwhile,the MF@PPy foam showed excellent thermal insulation property on account of the low thermal conductivity and elongated ligament characteristic of PPy nanowire arrays.Furthermore,taking advantage of the high conductivity(128.2 S m^(-1)),the MF@PPy foam exhibited rapid Joule heating under 3 V,resulting in dynamic infrared stealth and thermal camouflage effects.More importantly,the MF@PPy foam exhibited remarkable EMI shielding effectiveness values of 55.77 dB and 19,928.57 dB cm^(2)g^(-1).Strong EMI shielding was put down to the hierarchically porous PPy structure,which offered outstanding impedance matching,conduction loss,and multiple attenuations.This innovative approach provides significant insights to the development of advanced multifunctional EMI shielding foams by constructing PPy nanowire arrays,showing great applications in both military and civilian fields.展开更多
Flexible multifunctional polymer-based electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding composite films play a pivotal role in 5 G communication technology,smart wearables,automotive electronics,and aerospace.In this work,(...Flexible multifunctional polymer-based electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding composite films play a pivotal role in 5 G communication technology,smart wearables,automotive electronics,and aerospace.In this work,(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene/cellulose nanofibers(CNF)-(hydroxy‑functionalized BNNS(BNNS-OH)/CNF)composite films(TBCF)with Janus structure are prepared via vacuum-assisted filtration of BNNS-OH/CNF and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/CNF suspension by one after another.Then ionic bonding-strengthened TBCF(ITBCF)is obtained by Ca^(2+)ion infiltration and cold-pressing technique.The Janus structure endows ITBCF with the unique“conductive on one side and insulating on the other”property.When the mass ratio of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) and BNNS is 1:1 and the total mass fraction is 70 wt.%,the electrical conductivity(σ)of the Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/CNF side of ITBCF reaches 166.7 S/cm,while the surface resistivity of the BNNS-OH/CNF side is as high as 304 MΩ.After Ca^(2+)ion infiltration,the mechanical properties of ITBCF are significantly enhanced.The tensile strength and modulus of ITBCF are 73.5 MPa and 15.6 GPa,which are increased by 75.9%and 46.2%compared with those of TBCF,respectively.Moreover,ITBCF exhibits outstanding EMI shielding effectiveness(SE)of 57 dB and thermal conductivity(λ)of 9.49 W/(m K).In addition,ITBCF also presents excellent photothermal and photoelectric energy conversion performance.Under simulated solar irradiation with a power density of 120 mW/cm^(2),the surface stabilization temperature reaches up to 65.3°C and the maximum steady state voltage reaches up to 58.2 mV.展开更多
Nucleic acid drugs represent the third wave of innovation in drug research and development,succeeding small-molecule and antibody drugs.These drugs,particularly RNA interference(RNAi)therapies,have become a pivotal fo...Nucleic acid drugs represent the third wave of innovation in drug research and development,succeeding small-molecule and antibody drugs.These drugs,particularly RNA interference(RNAi)therapies,have become a pivotal focus in the pharmaceutical industry.RNAi drugs are extensively utilized in the treatment of chronic and rare diseases due to their exceptional gene-silencing efficiency,manageable side effects,and straightforward synthesis process.This study undertook a thorough analysis of the global landscape of RNAi drug patents,highlighting the latest technological advancements and trends.We meticulously identified and cataloged the key technologies that dominated this patent landscape.The goal was to provide valuable insights and references for researchers involved in the development of RNAi drugs within the domestic pharmaceutical sector.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11872211)。
文摘Focusing on the unclear mechanism of aerodynamic interference in overlapping rotors of heavy-load electric vertical take-off and landing(eVTOL)aircraft,this paper aims to reveal the aerodynamic interference characteristics and flow field evolution laws of overlapping rotor configurations in hovering conditions through numerical simulation methods.The research method involves constructing a computational model for rotor flow fields and aerodynamic characteristics based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)equations and the Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)turbulence model.The dynamic simulation of rotor rotational motion was achieved by using the moving nested grid technology.The reliability of the computational method was ensured through the grid independence verification and the comparison with experimental data.The research results indicate that in overlapping rotor systems,rotorⅡexperiences a decrease in thrust,significant power fluctuations,and reduced hovering efficiency due to continuous interference from the adjacent rotor’s wake and blade-vortex interactions.Blade-tip vortices undergo breakage,fusion,and secondary rolling in the overlapping region,forming large-scale turbulent structures that lead to attenuation of the induced velocity field and aerodynamic efficiency losses.Additionally,the interaction between the rotor downwash and the fuselage triggers a“fountain effect”and a sudden increase in surface pressure on the fuselage,exacerbating flow field distortion.Based on the aforementioned mechanisms,the safe flight of overlapping rotor configurations can be achieved by optimizing the configuration strategy of the rotational speed phase difference between adjacent blades.This study provides a theoretical basis for the rotor layout design and the aerodynamic performance enhancement of heavy-load eVTOL aircraft.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under No.2024KQ130the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52373259)。
文摘The advancement of next-generation high-frequency communication systems and stealth detection technologies necessitate the development of efficient,multi-spectrum compatible shielding materials.However,the achievement of simultaneous high efficiency and low reflectivity across microwave,terahertz,and infrared spectra remains a formidable challenge.Herein,a carbonized MXene/polyimide(C-MXene/PI)aerogel material integrating a spatially coupled hierarchically anisotropic structure with stepwise conductivity gradients was constructed.Electromagnetic waves propagate through the top-down vertical disordered horizontal architecture and progressive conductivity gradient of C-MXene/PI aerogel,undergoing stepwise absorption-dissipation-re-dissipation processes.The C-MXene/PI aerogel exhibits an average electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding effectiveness of91.0 dB in X-band and a reflection coefficient of 0.40.In the terahertz frequency band,the average EMI shielding performance reaches66.2 dB with a reflection coefficient of 0.33.Furthermore,the heterolayered porous architecture of C-MXene/PI aerogels exhibits low thermal conductivity and reduced infrared emissivity,enabling exceptional infrared stealth capability across the 2-16μm wavelength spectrum.This study provides an feasible strategy for constructing low-reflectivity multi-spectrum compatible shielding materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62105278 and 11674273)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2023MA015)。
文摘A method for correlating thermal light over a wide spectral range is proposed.A multi-wavelength pseudothermal source,prepared by projecting laser beams of multiple wavelengths(650 nm,635 nm,532 nm,and 473 nm)onto a moving thin ground glass plate,is employed in a double-slit interference experiment.The ground glass plate induces random phase differences between light beams of different wavelengths passing through it.This initial random phase difference significantly influences the high-order intensity correlation functions of multi-wavelength thermal beams.Experimentally,second-order correlated interference patterns,including subwavelength interference,of pseudothermal beams with different wavelengths are observed in the intensity correlation measurements.This method facilitates applications of correlated thermal photons in quantum information processing and quantum imaging.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2024QE446)。
文摘With the rapid development of intelligent electronic and military equipment,multifunctional flexible materials that integrat electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding,temperature sensing,and information encryption are urgently required.This study presents a bio-inspired hierarchical composite foam fabricated using supercritical nitrogen foaming technology.This material exhibits a honeycomb structure,with pore cell sizes controllable within a range of 30–92μm by regulating the filler.The carbon fiber felt(CFf)provides efficient reflection of electromagnetic waves,while the chloroprene rubber/carbon fiber/carbon black foam facilitates both wave absorption and temperature monitoring through its optimized conductive network.This synergistic mechanism results in an EMI shielding effectiveness(SE)of 60.06 d B with excellent temperature sensing performance(The temperature coefficient of resistance(TCR)is-2.642%/℃)in the 24–70℃ range.Notably,the material has a thermal conductivity of up to 0.159 W/(m·K),and the bio-inspired layered design enables information encryption,demonstrating the material's potential for secure communication applications.The foam also has tensile properties of up to 5.13 MPa and a tear strength of 33.02 N/mm.This biomimetic design overcomes the traditional limitations of flexible materials and provides a transformative solution for next-generation applications such as flexible electronics,aerospace systems and military equipment,which urgently need integrated electromagnetic protection,thermal management and information security.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52103127)the Opening Project of the State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(Sichuan University)(No.sklpme2022-4-10)Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department(No.2025GH-YBXM-042).
文摘In this study,an architecture featuring a gradient conductive network structure and three-dimensional dual-continuous network structure is constructed in a carbon nanotubes/cellulose-boron nitride/poly(vinyl alcohol)(CNT/cellulose-BN/PVA)composite.Using cellulose aerogel as a template,CNT were incorporated into the cellulose template by vertically impregnating the CNT suspension.Following the impregnation of BN/PVA and high-pressure compression,three-dimensional dual-continuous network structure was successfully constructed in the CNT/cellulose-BN/PVA composite.The comprehensive performance of the composite,including electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding and Joule heating performance,was investigated.The results indicate that the total EMI shielding effectiveness(SE)for the CNT/cellulose-BN/PVA composite reveals similar values for electromagnetic waves incident from different directions,but totally different shielding mechanisms.For the CNT/cellulose-BN/PVA composite with three impregnation cycles of CNT,the EMI SE values exceeded 39 dB for electromagnetic waves incident from both the high-and low-CNT-content sides.93%of the microwaves were reflected when electromagnetic waves were incident from the high-CNT-content side,while the reflection coefficient decreased to 0.44 for the transverse direction.In addition,the construction of the dual-continuous network structure enabled the composite to exhibit both excellent electrical conductivity and good thermal conductivity simultaneously,endowing the material with good Joule heating performance.CNT/cellulose-BN/PVA composite films have significant potential for application as EMI shielding materials in extremely cold weather.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12304379)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(Grant No.2024BS-269)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.025A1515011117)。
文摘High-precision optical frequency measurement serves as a cornerstone of modern science and technology,enabling advancements in fields ranging from fundamental physics to quantum information technologies.Obtaining precise photon frequencies,especially in the ultraviolet or even extreme ultraviolet regimes,is a key goal in both light–matter interaction experiments and engineering applications.High-order harmonic generation(HHG)is an ideal light source for producing such photons.In this work,we propose an optical temporal interference model(OTIM)that establishes an analogy with multi-slit Fraunhofer diffraction(MSFD)to manipulate fine-frequency photon generation by exploiting the temporal coherence of HHG processes.Our model provides a unified physical framework for three distinct non-integer HHG generation schemes:single-pulse,shaped-pulse,and laser pulse train approaches,which correspond to single-MSFD-like,double-MSFD-like,and multi-MSFD-like processes,respectively.Arbitrary non-integer HHG photons can be obtained using our scheme.Our approach provides a new perspective for accurately measuring and controlling photon frequencies in fields such as frequency comb technology,interferometry,and atomic clocks.
基金supported by the Defitech Foundation(Morges,CH)to FCHthe Bertarelli Foundation-Catalyst program(Gstaad,CH)to FCH+2 种基金the Wyss Center for Bio and Neuroengineering the Lighthouse Partnership for AI-guided Neuromodulation to FCHthe Fonds de recherche du Quebec-Sante(FRQS#342969)to CEPthe Neuro X Postdoctoral Fellowship Program to CEP。
文摘Brain lesions,such as those caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury(TBI),frequently result in persistent motor and cognitive impairments that significantly affect the individual patient's quality of life.Despite differences in the mechanisms of injury,both conditions share a high prevalence of motor and cognitive impairments.These deficits show only limited natural recovery.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52303036)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2024GXNSFBA010123)+2 种基金the International Science&Technology Innovation Cooperation Project of Sichuan Province(2024YFHZ0232)the International Science&Technology Cooperation Project of Chengdu(2021-GH03-00009-HZ)the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(Sichuan University)(Sklpme2023-3-18)。
文摘To shield electronics from complicated electromagnetic environments caused by wireless electromagnetic waves,achieving elaborately structural manufacturing while not sacrificing electromagnetic interference shielding performances remains crucial challenges.Herein,we propose a hierarchical manufacturing method that combines the use of 3D printing shear flow field and layer-by-layer assembly for fabricating the structurally customizable and multifunctional polylactic acid@graphene nanoparticle(PLA@GNs)materials.The dynamic behavior of polymer fluids is firstly explored via computational fluid dynamic simulation,and a Weissenberg number is employed to quantitatively analyze the disordered-to-ordered structural evolution of molecular chains and nanoparticles,allowing to tailor the micro-scale ordered structures.Subsequently,the macro-scale 3D architectures of PLA@GNs modules are fabricated by layer-by-layer assembly.Owing to the aligned GNs,the shielding performance reaches 41.2 d B,simultaneously accompanied by a directional thermal conductivity of 3.2 W m^(-1)K^(-1).Moreover,the potential application of 3D-printed shielding modules in specific civilian frequency bands such as 4G(1800–2100 MHz),Bluetooth(2402–2480 MHz),and 5G(3300–3800 MHz)is fully demonstrated.Overall,this work not only establishes a universal methodology about 3D printing shear flow field-driven orientation of two-dimensional nanoparticles within polymer fluids,but also gives a scientific method for advanced manufacturing of the next-generation electromagnetic functional modules for smart electronics.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation(NRF)funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(No.RS-2024-00416272)supported by Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute(ETRI)grant funded by ICT R&D program of MSIT/IITP[2019-0-00001,Development of Holo-TV Core Technologies for Hologram Media Services].
文摘We present a compact self-interference incoherent digital holography(SIDH)system that incorporates a quarter-waveplate(QWP)-based geometric phase(GP)lens to achieve high-fidelity,full-color holographic imaging under broadband incoherent illumination.Traditional SIDH systems that utilize half-waveplate(HWP)-based GP lenses are hindered by unavoidable triple-wavefront polarization interference,stemming from chromatic dispersion in phase retardation.This interference introduces color-dependent artifacts in the reconstructed images.In contrast,our QWP-based design inherently suppresses such interference by using the non-diffracted beam as the reference,enabling stable dual-wavefront modulation.This approach produces phase-encoded polarization interference patterns that remain spectrally consistent across the red,green,and blue(RGB)channels.Experimental results demonstrate substantial noise suppression and significantly improved full-color image fidelity,supported by channelspecific noise analysis and structural similarity metrics.The system also preserves a simplified optical configuration without active polarization control,allowing for compact integration and cost-effective fabrication.These advantages position the proposed QWP-GP SIDH architecture as a promising solution for portable,real-time digital holographic 3D imaging,with scalable potential in applications such as augmented reality,optical diagnostics,and spectral holography.
基金funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12525405)funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12393831)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-120)。
文摘Self-trapped excitons(STEs),known for their unique radiative properties,have been harnessed in diverse photonic devices;however,their comprehensive understanding and manipulation remain elusive.In this study,we present novel experimental and theoretical evidence revealing the hybrid nature and optical tunability of STE state in Cs_(2)Ag_(0.4)Na_(0.6)InCl_(6).The detection of the Fano resonance in laser energy-dependent Raman and photoluminescence spectra indicates the emergence of an exciton-phonon hybrid state,arising from robust quantum interference between the discrete phonon and continuum exciton states.Moreover,we demonstrate continuous tuning of this hybrid state with the energy and intensity of the laser field.These findings lay the foundation for a comprehensive understanding of the nature of STE and their potential for state control.
基金supported by the science and technology project of State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company(No.52094023003L).
文摘New electric power systems characterized by a high proportion of renewable energy and power electronics equipment face significant challenges due to high-frequency(HF)electromagnetic interference from the high-speed switching of power converters.To address this situation,this paper offers an in-depth review of HF interference problems and challenges originating from power electronic devices.First,the root cause of HF electromagnetic interference,i.e.,the resonant response of the parasitic parameters of the system to high-speed switching transients,is analyzed,and various scenarios of HF interference in power systems are highlighted.Next,the types of HF interference are summarized,with a focus on common-mode interference in grounding systems.This paper thoroughly reviews and compares various suppression methods for conducted HF interference.Finally,the challenges involved and suggestions for addressing emerging HF interference problems from the perspective of both power electronics equipment and power systems are discussed.This review aims to offer a structured understanding of HF interference problems and their suppression techniques for researchers and practitioners.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.YQ2020E009).
文摘Robust, ultra-flexible, and multifunctional MXene-basedelectromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding nanocomposite filmsexhibit enormous potential for applications in artificial intelligence,wireless telecommunication, and portable/wearable electronic equipment.In this work, a nacre-inspired multifunctional heterocyclic aramid(HA)/MXene@polypyrrole (PPy) (HMP) nanocomposite paper withlarge-scale, high strength, super toughness, and excellent tolerance tocomplex conditions is fabricated through the strategy of HA/MXenehydrogel template-assisted in-situ assembly of PPy. Benefiting from the"brick-and-mortar" layered structure and the strong hydrogen-bondinginteractions among MXene, HA, and PPy, the paper exhibits remarkable mechanical performances, including high tensile strength (309.7 MPa),outstanding toughness (57.6 MJ m−3), exceptional foldability, and structural stability against ultrasonication. By using the template effect ofHA/MXene to guide the assembly of conductive polymers, the synthesized paper obtains excellent electronic conductivity. More importantly,the highly continuous conductive path enables the nanocomposite paper to achieve a splendid EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 54.1 dBat an ultra-thin thickness (25.4 μm) and a high specific EMI SE of 17,204.7 dB cm2g−1. In addition, the papers also have excellent applicationsin electromagnetic protection, electro-/photothermal de-icing, thermal therapy, and fire safety. These findings broaden the ideas for developinghigh-performance and multifunctional MXene-based films with enormous application potential in EMI shielding and thermal management.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.2308085QE146 and 2208085ME116)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52173039)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20210894)the Anhui Provincial Universities Outstanding Youth Research Project(No.2023AH020018).
文摘Electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials with superior shielding efficiency and low-reflection properties hold promising potential for utilization across electronic components,precision instruments,and fifth-generation communication equipment.In this study,multistage microcellular waterborne polyurethane(WPU)composites were constructed via gradient induction,layer-by-layer casting,and supercritical carbon dioxide foaming.The gradient-structured WPU/ironcobalt loaded reduced graphene oxide(FeCo@rGO)foam serves as an impedance-matched absorption layer,while the highly conductive WPU/silver loaded glass microspheres(Ag@GM)layer is employed as a reflection layer.Thanks to the incorporation of an asymmetric structure,as well as the introduction of gradient and porous configurations,the composite foam demonstrates excellent conductivity,outstanding EMI SE(74.9 dB),and minimal reflection characteristics(35.28%)in 8.2-12.4 GHz,implying that more than 99.99999%of electromagnetic(EM)waves were blocked and only 35.28%were reflected to the external environment.Interestingly,the reflectivity of the composite foam is reduced to 0.41%at 10.88 GHz due to the resonance for incident and reflected EM waves.Beyond that,the composite foam is characterized by low density(0.47 g/cm^(3))and great stability of EMI shielding properties.This work offers a viable approach for craft-ing lightweight,highly shielding,and minimally reflective EMI shielding composites.
基金the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB3907001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2233217,62371029)the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC),China(Nos.EP/M026981/1,EP/T021063/1 and EP/T024917/)。
文摘Interference significantly impacts the performance of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS),highlighting the need for advanced interference localization technology to bolster anti-interference and defense capabilities.The Uniform Circular Array(UCA)enables concurrent estimation of the Direction of Arrival(DOA)in both azimuth and elevation.Given the paramount importance of stability and real-time performance in interference localization,this work proposes an innovative approach to reduce the complexity and increase the robustness of the DOA estimation.The proposed method reduces computational complexity by selecting a reduced number of array elements to reconstruct a non-uniform sparse array from a UCA.To ensure DOA estimation accuracy,minimizing the Cramér-Rao Bound(CRB)is the objective,and the Spatial Correlation Coefficient(SCC)is incorporated as a constraint to mitigate side-lobe.The optimization model is a quadratic fractional model,which is solved by Semi-Definite Relaxation(SDR).When the array has perturbations,the mathematical expressions for CRB and SCC are re-derived to enhance the robustness of the reconstructed array.Simulation and hardware experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in estimating interference DOA,showing high robustness and reductions in hardware and computational costs associated with DOA estimation.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52373077,52003106,52103074,52233006,52161135302)the Research Foundation Flanders(G0F2322N)Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2021-01-07-00-03-E00108).
文摘Designing and fabricating a compatible low-reflectivity electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding/high-temperature resistant infrared stealth material possesses a critical significance in the field of military.Hence,a hierarchical polyimide(PI)nonwoven fabric is fabricated by alkali treatment,in-situ growth of magnetic particles and"self-activated"electroless Ag plating process.Especially,the hierarchical impedance matching can be constructed by systematically assembling Fe_(3)O_(4)/Ag-loaded PI nonwoven fabric(PFA)and pure Ag-coated PI nonwoven fabric(PA),endowing it with an ultralowreflectivity EMI shielding performance.In addition,thermal insulation of fluffy three-dimensional(3D)space structure in PFA and low infrared emissivity of PA originated from Ag plating bring an excellent infrared stealth performance.More importantly,the strong bonding interaction between Fe_(3)O_(4),Ag,and PI fiber improves thermal stability in EMI shielding and high-temperature resistant infrared stealth performance.Such excellent comprehensive performance makes it promising for military tents to protect internal equipment from electromagnetic interference stemmed from adjacent equipment and/or enemy,and inhibit external infrared detection.
文摘With the boom in maritime activities,the need for highly reliable maritime communication is becoming urgent,which is an important component of 5G/6G communication networks.However,the bandwidth reuse characteristic of 5G/6G networks will inevitably lead to severe interference,resulting in degradation in the communication performance of maritime users.In this paper,we propose a safe deep reinforcement learning based interference coordination scheme to jointly optimize the power control and bandwidth allocation in maritime communication systems,and exploit the quality-of-service requirements of users as the risk value references to evaluate the communication policies.In particular,this scheme designs a deep neural network to select the communication policies through the evaluation network and update the parameters using the target network,which improves the communication performance and speeds up the convergence rate.Moreover,the Nash equilibrium of the interference coordination game and the computational complexity of the proposed scheme are analyzed.Simulation and experimental results verify the performance gain of the proposed scheme compared with benchmarks.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2023ZHCG0050)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.2682024QZ006 and 2682024ZTPY042)the Analytic and Testing Center of Southwest Jiaotong University.
文摘As modern communication and detection technologies advance at a swift pace,multifunctional electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials with active/positive infrared stealth,hydrophobicity,and electric-thermal conversion ability have received extensive attention.Meeting the aforesaid requirements simultaneously remains a huge challenge.In this research,the melamine foam(MF)/polypyrrole(PPy)nanowire arrays(MF@PPy)were fabricated via one-step electrochemical polymerization.The hierarchical MF@PPy foam was composed of three-dimensional PPy micro-skeleton and ordered PPy nanowire arrays.Due to the upwardly grown PPy nanowire arrays,the MF@PPy foam possessed good hydrophobicity ability with a water contact angle of 142.00°and outstanding stability under various harsh environments.Meanwhile,the MF@PPy foam showed excellent thermal insulation property on account of the low thermal conductivity and elongated ligament characteristic of PPy nanowire arrays.Furthermore,taking advantage of the high conductivity(128.2 S m^(-1)),the MF@PPy foam exhibited rapid Joule heating under 3 V,resulting in dynamic infrared stealth and thermal camouflage effects.More importantly,the MF@PPy foam exhibited remarkable EMI shielding effectiveness values of 55.77 dB and 19,928.57 dB cm^(2)g^(-1).Strong EMI shielding was put down to the hierarchically porous PPy structure,which offered outstanding impedance matching,conduction loss,and multiple attenuations.This innovative approach provides significant insights to the development of advanced multifunctional EMI shielding foams by constructing PPy nanowire arrays,showing great applications in both military and civilian fields.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52303090,52403132,52403112,52473083)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(No.2023-JC-QN-0168,2024JC-TBZC-04)+6 种基金the Innovation Capability Support Plan of Shaanxi Province(No.2024ZC-KJXX-022)the Shaanxi Province Key Research and Development Plan Project(No.2023-YBGY-461)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(No.2024RS-CXTD-57)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.2023NSCQ-MSX2547)the Youth Talent Promotion Project of Shaanxi Science and Technology Association(No.20240426)The Special Scientific Research Plan of Education Department of Shaanxi Province(No.23JK0376)the authors would also like to thank Shiyaniia lab for the sup-port of SEM and XPS tests.
文摘Flexible multifunctional polymer-based electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding composite films play a pivotal role in 5 G communication technology,smart wearables,automotive electronics,and aerospace.In this work,(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene/cellulose nanofibers(CNF)-(hydroxy‑functionalized BNNS(BNNS-OH)/CNF)composite films(TBCF)with Janus structure are prepared via vacuum-assisted filtration of BNNS-OH/CNF and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/CNF suspension by one after another.Then ionic bonding-strengthened TBCF(ITBCF)is obtained by Ca^(2+)ion infiltration and cold-pressing technique.The Janus structure endows ITBCF with the unique“conductive on one side and insulating on the other”property.When the mass ratio of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) and BNNS is 1:1 and the total mass fraction is 70 wt.%,the electrical conductivity(σ)of the Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)/CNF side of ITBCF reaches 166.7 S/cm,while the surface resistivity of the BNNS-OH/CNF side is as high as 304 MΩ.After Ca^(2+)ion infiltration,the mechanical properties of ITBCF are significantly enhanced.The tensile strength and modulus of ITBCF are 73.5 MPa and 15.6 GPa,which are increased by 75.9%and 46.2%compared with those of TBCF,respectively.Moreover,ITBCF exhibits outstanding EMI shielding effectiveness(SE)of 57 dB and thermal conductivity(λ)of 9.49 W/(m K).In addition,ITBCF also presents excellent photothermal and photoelectric energy conversion performance.Under simulated solar irradiation with a power density of 120 mW/cm^(2),the surface stabilization temperature reaches up to 65.3°C and the maximum steady state voltage reaches up to 58.2 mV.
文摘Nucleic acid drugs represent the third wave of innovation in drug research and development,succeeding small-molecule and antibody drugs.These drugs,particularly RNA interference(RNAi)therapies,have become a pivotal focus in the pharmaceutical industry.RNAi drugs are extensively utilized in the treatment of chronic and rare diseases due to their exceptional gene-silencing efficiency,manageable side effects,and straightforward synthesis process.This study undertook a thorough analysis of the global landscape of RNAi drug patents,highlighting the latest technological advancements and trends.We meticulously identified and cataloged the key technologies that dominated this patent landscape.The goal was to provide valuable insights and references for researchers involved in the development of RNAi drugs within the domestic pharmaceutical sector.
