A clone selection algorithm for computer immune system is presented. Clone selection principles in biological immune system are applied to the domain of computer virus detection. Based on the negative selection algori...A clone selection algorithm for computer immune system is presented. Clone selection principles in biological immune system are applied to the domain of computer virus detection. Based on the negative selection algorithm proposed by Stephanie Forrest, combining mutation operator in genetic algorithms and niching strategy in biology is adopted, the number of detectors is decreased effectively and the ability on self-nonself discrimination is improved. Simulation experiment shows that the algorithm is simple, practical and is adapted to the discrimination for long files.展开更多
In themarine electric power system,the marine generators will be disturbed by the large change of loads or the fault of the power system.The marine generators usually installed power system stabilizers to damp power s...In themarine electric power system,the marine generators will be disturbed by the large change of loads or the fault of the power system.The marine generators usually installed power system stabilizers to damp power system oscillations through the excitation control.This paper proposes a novel method to obtain optimal parameter values for Power System Stabilizer(PSS)to suppress low-frequency oscillations in the marine electric power system.In this paper,a newly developed immune clone selection algorithm was improved from the three aspects of the adaptive incentive degree,vaccination,and adaptive mutation strategies.Firstly,the typical PSS implementation type of leader-lag structure was adopted and the objective function was set in the optimization process.The performance of PSS tuned by improved immune clone selection algorithm was compared with PSS tuned by basic immune clone selection algorithm(ICSA)under various operating conditions and disturbances.Then,an improved immune clone selection algorithm(IICSA)optimization technique was implemented on two test systems for test purposes.Based on the simulations,it is found that an improved immune clone selection algorithm demonstrates superiority over the basic immune clone selection algorithm in getting a smaller number of iterations and fast convergence rates to achieve the optimal parameters of the power system stabilizers.Moreover,the proposed approach improves the stability and dynamic performance under various loads conditions and disturbances of the marine electric power system.展开更多
At the end of potato plants vegetation virus in-fection induced both decrease in maximum amplitude of delayed fluorescence maximal amplitude and increase half time of its decrease, as well as reduction in the amount o...At the end of potato plants vegetation virus in-fection induced both decrease in maximum amplitude of delayed fluorescence maximal amplitude and increase half time of its decrease, as well as reduction in the amount of stems, plants’ height and assimilation area surface, yield, acceleration of plants development and their early die-off. The differences of DF pa-rameters and yields between strongly and weakly infected plants increase in case of a combined virus infection. In industrial test of the selection of virus-free planting potato by the use of DF parameter, a rise in the yield and de-crease degree of viral infection of crops was obtained.展开更多
In our study, two experimental plantations, respectively, with 24 and 32 new clones of P tomentosa, were established in Weixian County, Hebei Province and Wuzhi County, Henan Province using a completely randomized blo...In our study, two experimental plantations, respectively, with 24 and 32 new clones of P tomentosa, were established in Weixian County, Hebei Province and Wuzhi County, Henan Province using a completely randomized block design. A comparative study was conducted on the continuous 5-year-old height and diameter at breast height （DBH） of new clones in the two plantations. As well, based on genetic correlation over the years of testing of these clones, a preliminary study of early selection was carried out. Results indicate that the growth traits of the new clones in Weixian were better than those in Wuzhi. The traits show weak correlation between the two plantations. In some stands, the height, DBH and seedling volume of 5-year-old clones presented statistically significant differences among clones. In both plantations, the new clones showed over 0.6 repeatability of height, DBH and volume, as well as larger coefficients of variation （CV）. The fact that these clones achieved the largest repeatability and CV in the second year suggests that these traits are highly controlled by heredity. Thus, based on the growth traits of the second year, the new clones B305, B307, B303, H75, BT18, BT17 and 21J-1 were considered suitable in Weixian. In Wuzhi, the new clones had variable repeatability and CVs in various years and their correlation of growth traits among different years was not high. We conclude that early selection of new clones was not feasible in Wuzhi.展开更多
We evaluated the growth and crown traits of 36 poplar clones at two distinct agro-climatic regions of Punjab （Ludhiana and Bathinda） in northwestern India, following randomized block design with three replications a...We evaluated the growth and crown traits of 36 poplar clones at two distinct agro-climatic regions of Punjab （Ludhiana and Bathinda） in northwestern India, following randomized block design with three replications and plot size of four trees. Significant differences among clones （p〈0.001） were observed for diameter at breast height （DBH）, tree height, volume, crown width and number of branches under both the site conditions. Clones ‘G-3’, ‘25-N’ and ‘41-N’ at Ludhiana and ‘G-3’, ‘RD-01’ and ‘S7C8’ at Bathinda were found to be superior for volume production. All growth and crown traits registered significantly higher values at Ludhiana in comparison to those at Bathinda. Clone site interaction was also significant （p〈0.001）. For volume, clones ‘L-62/84’, ‘113520’, ‘25-N’ and ‘S4C2’ witnessed huge fluctuations in ranking between sites. The correlations between growth traits were positive and highly significant （p〈0.001） at both sites. The clonal mean heritability was moderate for DBH and volume both at Ludhiana （0.61–0.66） and Bathinda （0.61–0.62）. Across sites, the genetic advance was the highest for volume （49.76%） and the lowest （6.50%） in case of height.展开更多
clones of Populus deltoides and P. ?euramericana were introduced from Italy, Turkey and domestic in 1986 and 1987 with the agreement of FAO. A completely random block design was applied and the seedling test and contr...clones of Populus deltoides and P. ?euramericana were introduced from Italy, Turkey and domestic in 1986 and 1987 with the agreement of FAO. A completely random block design was applied and the seedling test and controlled afforestation trials had been held at Jinan City, Gaotang County and Juxian County, Shandong Province respectively. The results showed that two clones, namely S307-26 (P. deltoides cv.慡307-26? and PE-19-66 (P. deltoides cv. 慞E-19-66? performed well both in terms of adaptability and growth characteristics. The mean growth volumes (V) of single tree of S307-26 and PE-19-66 were 0.181 2 m3 and 0.164 9 m3, which were 42.0 % and 29.2 % larger than that of I-69 (P. deltoides cv. 慙ux?I-69/55) (CK), respectively, at the age of 5 years at three experimental sites. Results of variance analyses and T test (LSD) for variables showed that above mentioned two clones were significantly different with I-69 (CK). Further analyses found that both clones could be propagated easily and showed high resistance to poplar diseases, pests, drought, cold as well as strong wind, and had long growing period. Furthermore, mechanical properties were also better and fiber length was longer than that of I-69 (CK). It was concluded that both S307-26 and PE-19-66 were ideal varieties for the establishment of fast growing poplar plantations, especially of the wood pulp forest plantations in the region.展开更多
为探索木麻黄生长和抗性性状的变异规律,于2011年以福建省惠安赤湖国有防护林场48个木麻黄无性系为材料,基于“莫兰蒂”台风袭击后灾害调查数据,对其生长性状、抗风性、虫害率等性状进行变异分析,开展速生高抗优良无性系选择。结果表明...为探索木麻黄生长和抗性性状的变异规律,于2011年以福建省惠安赤湖国有防护林场48个木麻黄无性系为材料,基于“莫兰蒂”台风袭击后灾害调查数据,对其生长性状、抗风性、虫害率等性状进行变异分析,开展速生高抗优良无性系选择。结果表明:木麻黄试验林5年生胸径、树高、单株材积、抗风性、保存率、虫害率平均值分别为5.75 cm、6.39 m、0.0063 m 3、3.31、80.36%、14.29%,变异系数分别为25.85%、14.50%、60.94%、29.63%、17.19%、79.80%;各无性系间树高、胸径、材积、抗风性和虫害率5个性状的差异均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),保存率差异不显著。胸径、树高、单株材积、抗风性、保存率、虫害率的重复力分别为0.50、0.52、0.46、0.47、0.08、0.41,受到低到中等强度的遗传控制,能够通过无性系测定进行遗传改良。根据布雷金多性状综合评价法,以20%的入选率为选择标准选出惠2、粤701-3、龙4等10个木麻黄优良无性系,可作为木麻黄速生高抗新品种选育的材料。展开更多
文摘A clone selection algorithm for computer immune system is presented. Clone selection principles in biological immune system are applied to the domain of computer virus detection. Based on the negative selection algorithm proposed by Stephanie Forrest, combining mutation operator in genetic algorithms and niching strategy in biology is adopted, the number of detectors is decreased effectively and the ability on self-nonself discrimination is improved. Simulation experiment shows that the algorithm is simple, practical and is adapted to the discrimination for long files.
基金This work is supported by Shanghai Science and Technology Planning Project(Project No.20040501200).
文摘In themarine electric power system,the marine generators will be disturbed by the large change of loads or the fault of the power system.The marine generators usually installed power system stabilizers to damp power system oscillations through the excitation control.This paper proposes a novel method to obtain optimal parameter values for Power System Stabilizer(PSS)to suppress low-frequency oscillations in the marine electric power system.In this paper,a newly developed immune clone selection algorithm was improved from the three aspects of the adaptive incentive degree,vaccination,and adaptive mutation strategies.Firstly,the typical PSS implementation type of leader-lag structure was adopted and the objective function was set in the optimization process.The performance of PSS tuned by improved immune clone selection algorithm was compared with PSS tuned by basic immune clone selection algorithm(ICSA)under various operating conditions and disturbances.Then,an improved immune clone selection algorithm(IICSA)optimization technique was implemented on two test systems for test purposes.Based on the simulations,it is found that an improved immune clone selection algorithm demonstrates superiority over the basic immune clone selection algorithm in getting a smaller number of iterations and fast convergence rates to achieve the optimal parameters of the power system stabilizers.Moreover,the proposed approach improves the stability and dynamic performance under various loads conditions and disturbances of the marine electric power system.
文摘At the end of potato plants vegetation virus in-fection induced both decrease in maximum amplitude of delayed fluorescence maximal amplitude and increase half time of its decrease, as well as reduction in the amount of stems, plants’ height and assimilation area surface, yield, acceleration of plants development and their early die-off. The differences of DF pa-rameters and yields between strongly and weakly infected plants increase in case of a combined virus infection. In industrial test of the selection of virus-free planting potato by the use of DF parameter, a rise in the yield and de-crease degree of viral infection of crops was obtained.
基金the National Project of ScienceTechnology for the 11th Five-Year Plan (Grant No.2006BAD01A1502)
文摘In our study, two experimental plantations, respectively, with 24 and 32 new clones of P tomentosa, were established in Weixian County, Hebei Province and Wuzhi County, Henan Province using a completely randomized block design. A comparative study was conducted on the continuous 5-year-old height and diameter at breast height （DBH） of new clones in the two plantations. As well, based on genetic correlation over the years of testing of these clones, a preliminary study of early selection was carried out. Results indicate that the growth traits of the new clones in Weixian were better than those in Wuzhi. The traits show weak correlation between the two plantations. In some stands, the height, DBH and seedling volume of 5-year-old clones presented statistically significant differences among clones. In both plantations, the new clones showed over 0.6 repeatability of height, DBH and volume, as well as larger coefficients of variation （CV）. The fact that these clones achieved the largest repeatability and CV in the second year suggests that these traits are highly controlled by heredity. Thus, based on the growth traits of the second year, the new clones B305, B307, B303, H75, BT18, BT17 and 21J-1 were considered suitable in Weixian. In Wuzhi, the new clones had variable repeatability and CVs in various years and their correlation of growth traits among different years was not high. We conclude that early selection of new clones was not feasible in Wuzhi.
基金the funding agency ‘Forest Research Institute, Dehradun for providing necessary funds and supplying the clonesused in the study
文摘We evaluated the growth and crown traits of 36 poplar clones at two distinct agro-climatic regions of Punjab （Ludhiana and Bathinda） in northwestern India, following randomized block design with three replications and plot size of four trees. Significant differences among clones （p〈0.001） were observed for diameter at breast height （DBH）, tree height, volume, crown width and number of branches under both the site conditions. Clones ‘G-3’, ‘25-N’ and ‘41-N’ at Ludhiana and ‘G-3’, ‘RD-01’ and ‘S7C8’ at Bathinda were found to be superior for volume production. All growth and crown traits registered significantly higher values at Ludhiana in comparison to those at Bathinda. Clone site interaction was also significant （p〈0.001）. For volume, clones ‘L-62/84’, ‘113520’, ‘25-N’ and ‘S4C2’ witnessed huge fluctuations in ranking between sites. The correlations between growth traits were positive and highly significant （p〈0.001） at both sites. The clonal mean heritability was moderate for DBH and volume both at Ludhiana （0.61–0.66） and Bathinda （0.61–0.62）. Across sites, the genetic advance was the highest for volume （49.76%） and the lowest （6.50%） in case of height.
文摘clones of Populus deltoides and P. ?euramericana were introduced from Italy, Turkey and domestic in 1986 and 1987 with the agreement of FAO. A completely random block design was applied and the seedling test and controlled afforestation trials had been held at Jinan City, Gaotang County and Juxian County, Shandong Province respectively. The results showed that two clones, namely S307-26 (P. deltoides cv.慡307-26? and PE-19-66 (P. deltoides cv. 慞E-19-66? performed well both in terms of adaptability and growth characteristics. The mean growth volumes (V) of single tree of S307-26 and PE-19-66 were 0.181 2 m3 and 0.164 9 m3, which were 42.0 % and 29.2 % larger than that of I-69 (P. deltoides cv. 慙ux?I-69/55) (CK), respectively, at the age of 5 years at three experimental sites. Results of variance analyses and T test (LSD) for variables showed that above mentioned two clones were significantly different with I-69 (CK). Further analyses found that both clones could be propagated easily and showed high resistance to poplar diseases, pests, drought, cold as well as strong wind, and had long growing period. Furthermore, mechanical properties were also better and fiber length was longer than that of I-69 (CK). It was concluded that both S307-26 and PE-19-66 were ideal varieties for the establishment of fast growing poplar plantations, especially of the wood pulp forest plantations in the region.
文摘为探索木麻黄生长和抗性性状的变异规律,于2011年以福建省惠安赤湖国有防护林场48个木麻黄无性系为材料,基于“莫兰蒂”台风袭击后灾害调查数据,对其生长性状、抗风性、虫害率等性状进行变异分析,开展速生高抗优良无性系选择。结果表明:木麻黄试验林5年生胸径、树高、单株材积、抗风性、保存率、虫害率平均值分别为5.75 cm、6.39 m、0.0063 m 3、3.31、80.36%、14.29%,变异系数分别为25.85%、14.50%、60.94%、29.63%、17.19%、79.80%;各无性系间树高、胸径、材积、抗风性和虫害率5个性状的差异均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),保存率差异不显著。胸径、树高、单株材积、抗风性、保存率、虫害率的重复力分别为0.50、0.52、0.46、0.47、0.08、0.41,受到低到中等强度的遗传控制,能够通过无性系测定进行遗传改良。根据布雷金多性状综合评价法,以20%的入选率为选择标准选出惠2、粤701-3、龙4等10个木麻黄优良无性系,可作为木麻黄速生高抗新品种选育的材料。
