[Objective] This study aimed to study the pharmacognostical properties of medicinal parts of stems and leaves of Viburnum Sargenti Koehne to provide refer- ence for its identification and application. [Method] Methods...[Objective] This study aimed to study the pharmacognostical properties of medicinal parts of stems and leaves of Viburnum Sargenti Koehne to provide refer- ence for its identification and application. [Method] Methods of characters and micro- scopic identification were used. [Result] Characters, transaction and microscopic characteristics of stems and leaves of V. sargenti Koehne were analyzed systemati- cally. [Conclusion] The experimental results can provide reference for the pharma- cognostical identification, further exploitation and utilization of stems and leaves of V. Sargenti Koehne.展开更多
[Objectives]Characters and microscopic characteristics of Aralia cordata were studied,to improve identification method for Aralia cordata.[Methods]Using pharmacognostic identification method,original plant morphology ...[Objectives]Characters and microscopic characteristics of Aralia cordata were studied,to improve identification method for Aralia cordata.[Methods]Using pharmacognostic identification method,original plant morphology of Aralia cordata was observed,and microscopic observation of its root cross section and powder was conducted.[Results]It is perennial herb,with rhizome recess,arranged in clusters of nodules.There are double or triple pinnate compound leaves.It is glabrous or sparsely pubescent,with umbel.Flowers are white,while fruits are spherical and purple black.In microstructure,the cork layer on the cross section of root consists of 6-10 rows of cells,and there is secondary cortex.The parenchyma cells are rich in starch granules,and the cambium is not obvious.The vessels are uniserial,and the wood fiber is less,and the primary xylem is bipartite.There are many starch granules in powder,mostly single granules,round or quasi round,oval,umbilicus herringbone or short slit,with many marginal pits and reticulate ducts.Calcium oxalate cluster crystals are mostly gathered.Cork cells are yellowish brown and arranged neatly.The fibrous wall is thin,and the pore groove is obvious,and stone cells are occasionally seen.[Conclusions]Using character and microscopic identification method,it could accurately identify medicinal material of Aralia cordata,and provide reference basis for development and utilization of its resources.展开更多
The hand-written Chinese characters reorganization input system, introduced by the Shenbi Electronics, Science and Technology Corporation Ltd. in Guangzhou, is made of advancedoverseas computer identification technolo...The hand-written Chinese characters reorganization input system, introduced by the Shenbi Electronics, Science and Technology Corporation Ltd. in Guangzhou, is made of advancedoverseas computer identification technology. It consists of an input board and identification software.展开更多
Germplasm collection is important to preserve and maximize genetic diversity for germplasm conservation.Tsuga dumosa(D.Don)Eichler in Engler & Prantl.and T.chinensis var.forrestii(Downie)Silba germplasm was collec...Germplasm collection is important to preserve and maximize genetic diversity for germplasm conservation.Tsuga dumosa(D.Don)Eichler in Engler & Prantl.and T.chinensis var.forrestii(Downie)Silba germplasm was collected from three localities in China:Mt.Yulong,Wenfeng Temple and Mt.Dishiergu,Yunnan Province.Accessions were identified based on morphological characters and RAPD markers.The shapes of the apices and margins of needles were examined,and the length and width of needles,cones and seeds from accessions of mature plants were used to compare the morphological differences and to identify the germplasm.Molecular markers generated by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)were also used to characterize the taxa.Although the clustering based on RAPD markers was inconsistent with the morphological characters of the needles,based on the overall morphological characters and on RAPD markers,the accessions from Mt.Yulong and Wenfeng Temple were identified as T.chinensis var.forrestii,and those from Mt.Dishiergu identified as T.dumosa.Taxonomic identification of the accessions was made based on morphology and by RAPD markers concurred.The results indicate that the shapes of the apices and margins of needles particularly from young plants could not be used as a possible key to identify T.dumosa and T.chinensis var.forrestii.Fig 6,Tab 3,Ref展开更多
Identification keys for terrestrial small mammals are often based on scientific details that require close examination of museum specimens.This paper builds on external morphological characteristics of the rodents rec...Identification keys for terrestrial small mammals are often based on scientific details that require close examination of museum specimens.This paper builds on external morphological characteristics of the rodents recorded through live trapping from 2011 to 2023 in Nyungwe National Park,a tropical rainforest in Rwanda,to formulate a taxonomic key suitable for both expert and non-expert researchers working in similar ecosystems across Africa.We reviewed the literature on taxonomic keys and field guide documents for small mammals to assess their practicality and identify gaps,with a special focus on their relevance to tropical regions and our study area.We then integrated our field records to harmonize this new development.We describe 23 rodent species,identified and confirmed using advanced taxonomic techniques,including DNA barcoding and voucher specimens.The study emphasizes that external features—particularly field photographs,body coloration(dorsal,ventral,and lateral views),and other distinctive anatomical traits—can serve as an effective field taxonomic key for rodents and other terrestrial small mammals,accessible to a broad scientific community.The paper also discusses the limitations of traditional dichotomous keys compared to short descriptions paired with photographic illustrations.The resulting key can be used as a template and is open to refinement as additional species are confirmed,re-assessed,or validated through advanced tools.Future studies may adapt this approach for other terrestrial small mammals and different locations across African tropical rainforests.展开更多
[Objectives] Via systematic comparative study on Paris daliensis and Paris dulongensis, the research aimed to provide test data for their character and microscopic identification. [Methods] Original plants, characters...[Objectives] Via systematic comparative study on Paris daliensis and Paris dulongensis, the research aimed to provide test data for their character and microscopic identification. [Methods] Original plants, characters, microscopic identification of cross section and powder of rhizome were used. [Results] Microscopic characteristics of cross section and powder of rhizome were basically consistent with identification results of literature, and parenchyma cell of P. dulongensis had brown-red mass. [Conclusions] The research could provide reference basis for identification of authenticity and establishment of quality standards for original plants and medicinal materials of P. daliensis and P. dulongensis, and their further research and development.展开更多
[Objectives] To investigate the systematic evaluation of pharmacognostic identification of Polygonum capitatum . [Methods] 10 batches of P. capitatum cultivated in Guizhou were chosen for plant samples. Macroscopical ...[Objectives] To investigate the systematic evaluation of pharmacognostic identification of Polygonum capitatum . [Methods] 10 batches of P. capitatum cultivated in Guizhou were chosen for plant samples. Macroscopical identification was conducted on plant roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. The P. capitatum powder was processed for physical and chemical distinction by FeCl 3 chromogenic reaction, hydrochloric acid magnesium powder reaction, AlCl 3 color development reaction and thin-layer chromatography.Microscope identification was carried out on the powder. Plant genome DNeasy Plant Kit was adopted for DNA molecular marker identification. [Results] The results showed that the stem of P. capitatum was tufted, the leaves were oval, 2 to 5 cm long, and 1 to 2 cm wide;the leaf apex was acute and cuneate at the base, the inflorescence was capitate, paired or solitary;the raceme was erect and nearly spherical, and the perianth was light red. Furthermore, for the chromogenic reaction of FeCl 3 ethanol extract of P. capitatum , appeared blue and turned to dark blue after long time storing at room temperature. For the reaction of hydrochloric acid magnesium powder, the alcohol extract of P. capitatum , exhibited deep red. In the color reaction of AlCl 3, the alcohol extract revealed yellow fluorescence under 360 nm UV lamp. Microscope identification of the powder displayed pollen grains, crystal sheath fibers, cellulose, vessels, starch grains, cork cells, and other characteristic fragments. In addition, DNA barcoding electrophoresis results showed that P. capitatum showed a clear and bright single band near 500 bp, and further sequencing results showed that the sequence differences were mainly concentrated in ITS1 and ITS2 region. [Conclusions] Systematic evaluation for the identification of P. capitatum is established, which combines with macroscopic identification, physicochemical identification, powder microscope identification, and DNA molecular identification. Finally, the original medicinal material is identified as P. capitatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don.展开更多
[Objectives]Pharmacognosy identification was performed on Xiaohuangcao ( Dendrobium loddigesi Rolfe).[Methods]The medicinal materials were identified through original plants,characters,microscopic structure and thin-l...[Objectives]Pharmacognosy identification was performed on Xiaohuangcao ( Dendrobium loddigesi Rolfe).[Methods]The medicinal materials were identified through original plants,characters,microscopic structure and thin-layer identification characteristics.[Results]D.loddigesi has obvious plant morphology,characters,microscopic structure and thin-layer identification characteristics.The stem of Xiaohuangcao is slender and cylindrical,and the surface is golden yellow;and the fiber bundles outside the vascular bundles are crescent-shaped or semi-circular in the stem transection.For the powder,crystal fiber can be observed;the vascular bundles are embedded with siliceous block cells;and there are more starch grains.In the thin layer chromatography,petroleum ether-ethyl acetate-butanone-glacial acetic acid (8.5∶ 3.5∶ 1.5∶ 5 d) was used as a developing solvent,and 10% sulfuric acid ethanol solution was used as a color developing agent.[Conclusions]The research results provide reference for the application of the medicinal material and the formulation of its related quality standards.展开更多
Korean characters consist of 2 dimensional distributed consonantal and vowel graphemes. The purpose of reducing the 2 dimensional characteristics of Korean characters to linear arrangements at early stage of character...Korean characters consist of 2 dimensional distributed consonantal and vowel graphemes. The purpose of reducing the 2 dimensional characteristics of Korean characters to linear arrangements at early stage of character recognition is to decrease the complexity of following recognition task. By defining the identification codes for the vowel graphemes of Korean characters, the rules for combination of vowel graphemes are established, and a recognition algorithm based on the rules for combination of vowel graphemes, is therefore proposed for vertical vowel graphemes. The algorithm has been proved feasilbe through demonstrating simulations.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore morphological identification,macroscopical identification,microscopic identification,thin layer chromatography(TLC)identification of Tibetan medical material Dracocephalum tanguticum Maxim.,and ...[Objectives]To explore morphological identification,macroscopical identification,microscopic identification,thin layer chromatography(TLC)identification of Tibetan medical material Dracocephalum tanguticum Maxim.,and provide experimental data for its identification and application.[Methods]The Tibetan medical material was identified by means of original plant,characters,powder,paraffin section and thin layer chromatography(TLC).[Results]Tibetan medical material D.tanguticum Maxim.was obviously distinguished in character identification and microscopic identification,and the TLC method was simple and feasible.[Conclusions]The results will provide the source work foundation for the formulation of the quality standard of Sichuan Province(draft)for Tibetan medicinal material"D.tanguticum Maxim."and the development of pharmaceutical preparations for medical institutions.展开更多
Due to nutrient stress,which is an important constraint to the development of the global agricultural sector,it is now vital to timely evaluate plant health.Remote sensing technology,especially hyperspectral imaging t...Due to nutrient stress,which is an important constraint to the development of the global agricultural sector,it is now vital to timely evaluate plant health.Remote sensing technology,especially hyperspectral imaging technology,has evolved from spectral response modes to pattern recognition and vegetation monitoring.This study established a hyperspectral library of 14 NPK(nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium)nutrient stress conditions in rice.The terrestrial hyperspectral camera(SPECIM-IQ)collected 420 rice stress images and extracted as well as analyzed representative spectral reflectance curves under 14 stress modes.The canopy spectral profile characteristics,vegetation index,and principal component analysis demonstrated the differences in rice under different nutrient stresses.A transformer-based deep learning network SHCFTT(SuperPCA-HybridSN-CBAM-Feature tokenization transformer)was established for identifying nutrient stress patterns from hyperspectral images while being compared with classic support vector machines,1D-CNN(1D-Convolutional Neural Network),and 3D-CNN.The total accuracy of the SHCFTT model under different modeling strategies and different years ranged from 93.92%to 100%,indicating the positive effect of the proposed method on improving the accuracy of identifying nutrient stress in rice.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31100401)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to study the pharmacognostical properties of medicinal parts of stems and leaves of Viburnum Sargenti Koehne to provide refer- ence for its identification and application. [Method] Methods of characters and micro- scopic identification were used. [Result] Characters, transaction and microscopic characteristics of stems and leaves of V. sargenti Koehne were analyzed systemati- cally. [Conclusion] The experimental results can provide reference for the pharma- cognostical identification, further exploitation and utilization of stems and leaves of V. Sargenti Koehne.
基金Supported by Anshun Science and Technology Innovation Platform Construction Plan Project(ANSHIKEPING[2017]03)。
文摘[Objectives]Characters and microscopic characteristics of Aralia cordata were studied,to improve identification method for Aralia cordata.[Methods]Using pharmacognostic identification method,original plant morphology of Aralia cordata was observed,and microscopic observation of its root cross section and powder was conducted.[Results]It is perennial herb,with rhizome recess,arranged in clusters of nodules.There are double or triple pinnate compound leaves.It is glabrous or sparsely pubescent,with umbel.Flowers are white,while fruits are spherical and purple black.In microstructure,the cork layer on the cross section of root consists of 6-10 rows of cells,and there is secondary cortex.The parenchyma cells are rich in starch granules,and the cambium is not obvious.The vessels are uniserial,and the wood fiber is less,and the primary xylem is bipartite.There are many starch granules in powder,mostly single granules,round or quasi round,oval,umbilicus herringbone or short slit,with many marginal pits and reticulate ducts.Calcium oxalate cluster crystals are mostly gathered.Cork cells are yellowish brown and arranged neatly.The fibrous wall is thin,and the pore groove is obvious,and stone cells are occasionally seen.[Conclusions]Using character and microscopic identification method,it could accurately identify medicinal material of Aralia cordata,and provide reference basis for development and utilization of its resources.
文摘The hand-written Chinese characters reorganization input system, introduced by the Shenbi Electronics, Science and Technology Corporation Ltd. in Guangzhou, is made of advancedoverseas computer identification technology. It consists of an input board and identification software.
文摘Germplasm collection is important to preserve and maximize genetic diversity for germplasm conservation.Tsuga dumosa(D.Don)Eichler in Engler & Prantl.and T.chinensis var.forrestii(Downie)Silba germplasm was collected from three localities in China:Mt.Yulong,Wenfeng Temple and Mt.Dishiergu,Yunnan Province.Accessions were identified based on morphological characters and RAPD markers.The shapes of the apices and margins of needles were examined,and the length and width of needles,cones and seeds from accessions of mature plants were used to compare the morphological differences and to identify the germplasm.Molecular markers generated by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)were also used to characterize the taxa.Although the clustering based on RAPD markers was inconsistent with the morphological characters of the needles,based on the overall morphological characters and on RAPD markers,the accessions from Mt.Yulong and Wenfeng Temple were identified as T.chinensis var.forrestii,and those from Mt.Dishiergu identified as T.dumosa.Taxonomic identification of the accessions was made based on morphology and by RAPD markers concurred.The results indicate that the shapes of the apices and margins of needles particularly from young plants could not be used as a possible key to identify T.dumosa and T.chinensis var.forrestii.Fig 6,Tab 3,Ref
文摘Identification keys for terrestrial small mammals are often based on scientific details that require close examination of museum specimens.This paper builds on external morphological characteristics of the rodents recorded through live trapping from 2011 to 2023 in Nyungwe National Park,a tropical rainforest in Rwanda,to formulate a taxonomic key suitable for both expert and non-expert researchers working in similar ecosystems across Africa.We reviewed the literature on taxonomic keys and field guide documents for small mammals to assess their practicality and identify gaps,with a special focus on their relevance to tropical regions and our study area.We then integrated our field records to harmonize this new development.We describe 23 rodent species,identified and confirmed using advanced taxonomic techniques,including DNA barcoding and voucher specimens.The study emphasizes that external features—particularly field photographs,body coloration(dorsal,ventral,and lateral views),and other distinctive anatomical traits—can serve as an effective field taxonomic key for rodents and other terrestrial small mammals,accessible to a broad scientific community.The paper also discusses the limitations of traditional dichotomous keys compared to short descriptions paired with photographic illustrations.The resulting key can be used as a template and is open to refinement as additional species are confirmed,re-assessed,or validated through advanced tools.Future studies may adapt this approach for other terrestrial small mammals and different locations across African tropical rainforests.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period(2018ZX09301060)Technology Conditions Capacity Building and Technology Promotion Demonstration Project of Aba Prefecture(18TJPT0004)Innovating Research Program of Postgraduates of Southwest Minzu University in 2019(CX2019SZ164)
文摘[Objectives] Via systematic comparative study on Paris daliensis and Paris dulongensis, the research aimed to provide test data for their character and microscopic identification. [Methods] Original plants, characters, microscopic identification of cross section and powder of rhizome were used. [Results] Microscopic characteristics of cross section and powder of rhizome were basically consistent with identification results of literature, and parenchyma cell of P. dulongensis had brown-red mass. [Conclusions] The research could provide reference basis for identification of authenticity and establishment of quality standards for original plants and medicinal materials of P. daliensis and P. dulongensis, and their further research and development.
基金Supported by Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Project[ZK(2022)-362](2022)4028+5 种基金ZK(2021)-554ZK(2023)-378]Science Foundation of Guizhou Health Commission(gzwkj2021-449)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for Undergraduates from China(202210660131)Science Foundation of Guizhou Education Technology(2022-064)Rural Economic Revitalization Research Project of Guizhou Medical University(GZYKDX-2022-002).
文摘[Objectives] To investigate the systematic evaluation of pharmacognostic identification of Polygonum capitatum . [Methods] 10 batches of P. capitatum cultivated in Guizhou were chosen for plant samples. Macroscopical identification was conducted on plant roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. The P. capitatum powder was processed for physical and chemical distinction by FeCl 3 chromogenic reaction, hydrochloric acid magnesium powder reaction, AlCl 3 color development reaction and thin-layer chromatography.Microscope identification was carried out on the powder. Plant genome DNeasy Plant Kit was adopted for DNA molecular marker identification. [Results] The results showed that the stem of P. capitatum was tufted, the leaves were oval, 2 to 5 cm long, and 1 to 2 cm wide;the leaf apex was acute and cuneate at the base, the inflorescence was capitate, paired or solitary;the raceme was erect and nearly spherical, and the perianth was light red. Furthermore, for the chromogenic reaction of FeCl 3 ethanol extract of P. capitatum , appeared blue and turned to dark blue after long time storing at room temperature. For the reaction of hydrochloric acid magnesium powder, the alcohol extract of P. capitatum , exhibited deep red. In the color reaction of AlCl 3, the alcohol extract revealed yellow fluorescence under 360 nm UV lamp. Microscope identification of the powder displayed pollen grains, crystal sheath fibers, cellulose, vessels, starch grains, cork cells, and other characteristic fragments. In addition, DNA barcoding electrophoresis results showed that P. capitatum showed a clear and bright single band near 500 bp, and further sequencing results showed that the sequence differences were mainly concentrated in ITS1 and ITS2 region. [Conclusions] Systematic evaluation for the identification of P. capitatum is established, which combines with macroscopic identification, physicochemical identification, powder microscope identification, and DNA molecular identification. Finally, the original medicinal material is identified as P. capitatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don.
基金Supported by Guangxi"2011 Collaborative Innovation Center"-Zhuang Yao Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center Project(GJKY[2013]20)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang Yao Medicine(GKJZ[2014]32)+7 种基金Guangxi Key Discipline:Zhuang Pharmacy(GJKY[2013]16)Bagui Scholars ProjectNational Natural Science Foundation of China(81460587)Nanning Science and Technology Bureau Project(20183046-1)Project of Guangxi Association for Science and TechnologyThe Fourth National General Survey of Chinese Medicine Resources(Guangxi)Pilot Survey Project(GXZYZYPC-2)Guangxi Marine Drug Resources Survey-Qinzhou City(GXZYZYPC13-7-2)Guangxi First-class Discipline:Chinese Pharmacy(0501802803)
文摘[Objectives]Pharmacognosy identification was performed on Xiaohuangcao ( Dendrobium loddigesi Rolfe).[Methods]The medicinal materials were identified through original plants,characters,microscopic structure and thin-layer identification characteristics.[Results]D.loddigesi has obvious plant morphology,characters,microscopic structure and thin-layer identification characteristics.The stem of Xiaohuangcao is slender and cylindrical,and the surface is golden yellow;and the fiber bundles outside the vascular bundles are crescent-shaped or semi-circular in the stem transection.For the powder,crystal fiber can be observed;the vascular bundles are embedded with siliceous block cells;and there are more starch grains.In the thin layer chromatography,petroleum ether-ethyl acetate-butanone-glacial acetic acid (8.5∶ 3.5∶ 1.5∶ 5 d) was used as a developing solvent,and 10% sulfuric acid ethanol solution was used as a color developing agent.[Conclusions]The research results provide reference for the application of the medicinal material and the formulation of its related quality standards.
文摘Korean characters consist of 2 dimensional distributed consonantal and vowel graphemes. The purpose of reducing the 2 dimensional characteristics of Korean characters to linear arrangements at early stage of character recognition is to decrease the complexity of following recognition task. By defining the identification codes for the vowel graphemes of Korean characters, the rules for combination of vowel graphemes are established, and a recognition algorithm based on the rules for combination of vowel graphemes, is therefore proposed for vertical vowel graphemes. The algorithm has been proved feasilbe through demonstrating simulations.
基金National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFC1708005)Science and Technology Program of Sichuan Province(2021YFS0043)Special Fund Research Projects of Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020NGD01).
文摘[Objectives]To explore morphological identification,macroscopical identification,microscopic identification,thin layer chromatography(TLC)identification of Tibetan medical material Dracocephalum tanguticum Maxim.,and provide experimental data for its identification and application.[Methods]The Tibetan medical material was identified by means of original plant,characters,powder,paraffin section and thin layer chromatography(TLC).[Results]Tibetan medical material D.tanguticum Maxim.was obviously distinguished in character identification and microscopic identification,and the TLC method was simple and feasible.[Conclusions]The results will provide the source work foundation for the formulation of the quality standard of Sichuan Province(draft)for Tibetan medicinal material"D.tanguticum Maxim."and the development of pharmaceutical preparations for medical institutions.
基金supported by China's National Key R&D Plan(2021YFD200060502)China's National Key R&D Plan(2018YFD0300105)China's National Key R&D Plan(2016YFD0300909).
文摘Due to nutrient stress,which is an important constraint to the development of the global agricultural sector,it is now vital to timely evaluate plant health.Remote sensing technology,especially hyperspectral imaging technology,has evolved from spectral response modes to pattern recognition and vegetation monitoring.This study established a hyperspectral library of 14 NPK(nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium)nutrient stress conditions in rice.The terrestrial hyperspectral camera(SPECIM-IQ)collected 420 rice stress images and extracted as well as analyzed representative spectral reflectance curves under 14 stress modes.The canopy spectral profile characteristics,vegetation index,and principal component analysis demonstrated the differences in rice under different nutrient stresses.A transformer-based deep learning network SHCFTT(SuperPCA-HybridSN-CBAM-Feature tokenization transformer)was established for identifying nutrient stress patterns from hyperspectral images while being compared with classic support vector machines,1D-CNN(1D-Convolutional Neural Network),and 3D-CNN.The total accuracy of the SHCFTT model under different modeling strategies and different years ranged from 93.92%to 100%,indicating the positive effect of the proposed method on improving the accuracy of identifying nutrient stress in rice.
