This research study predominantly emphases on spatiotemporal extensions of urban area of Peshawar;its adverse impacts and contributions to climate and environment during 1931 to 2011. To probe these interventions, met...This research study predominantly emphases on spatiotemporal extensions of urban area of Peshawar;its adverse impacts and contributions to climate and environment during 1931 to 2011. To probe these interventions, meteorological data, Satellite’s temporal imagery of Landsat ETM+ and TM, anthropogenic and demographic secondary data were congregated. In relation to map out land cover changes, maximum likelihood classification algorithm and followed by change detection techniques were applied to study area. The outcome of this process was further subjected through Geographic Information System (GIS) overlay analysis which suggested a clear straggle in urban area. Auxiliary data (Population growth rate, transportation, electricity connections, etc.) also support the fact of urban area extension. This study proposes that severs contributions of massive heat energy and CO<sub>2</sub> have been added to local climate and environment ensuing substantial increment in temperature drawn out from the trends. Consequently, Remote Sensing, GIS and allied data were found to be effective to gauge such variations. To eliminate anomalies in sprawl and environment, few suggestions and recommendation are made in latter part of this study.展开更多
Objective: This study looks to review different methods of lifestyle changing interventions, examine and compare them to determine usefulness, efficiency, and outcome in regard to future ventures to help control the r...Objective: This study looks to review different methods of lifestyle changing interventions, examine and compare them to determine usefulness, efficiency, and outcome in regard to future ventures to help control the rise of this type 2 diabetes. Methods: Three systematic reviews were found and compared based on efficacy and key differences in their approach to the ever-growing problem of type 2 diabetes. Outcomes and intervention styles of the studies were noted and critiqued based on their statistical significance. Conclusion: The first study revealed that multiple behavior change techniques (BCTs) correlate with a reduction in weight and HbA1c, especially when they work synergistically alongside one another. The second study spoke of how community intervention had an inclusive quality about it, which allowed for population variability to not affect implementation. It also showed that small incremental changes were best when trying to establish a change long-term across a large population. Finally, the third study revealed that, as the participant got closer to maintaining a good physical activity regiment, their self-efficacy also increased. The attributes of these studies give evidence that interventions that use multiple approaches are most effective when looking to improve physical activity and diet in Type 2 diabetics.展开更多
文摘This research study predominantly emphases on spatiotemporal extensions of urban area of Peshawar;its adverse impacts and contributions to climate and environment during 1931 to 2011. To probe these interventions, meteorological data, Satellite’s temporal imagery of Landsat ETM+ and TM, anthropogenic and demographic secondary data were congregated. In relation to map out land cover changes, maximum likelihood classification algorithm and followed by change detection techniques were applied to study area. The outcome of this process was further subjected through Geographic Information System (GIS) overlay analysis which suggested a clear straggle in urban area. Auxiliary data (Population growth rate, transportation, electricity connections, etc.) also support the fact of urban area extension. This study proposes that severs contributions of massive heat energy and CO<sub>2</sub> have been added to local climate and environment ensuing substantial increment in temperature drawn out from the trends. Consequently, Remote Sensing, GIS and allied data were found to be effective to gauge such variations. To eliminate anomalies in sprawl and environment, few suggestions and recommendation are made in latter part of this study.
文摘Objective: This study looks to review different methods of lifestyle changing interventions, examine and compare them to determine usefulness, efficiency, and outcome in regard to future ventures to help control the rise of this type 2 diabetes. Methods: Three systematic reviews were found and compared based on efficacy and key differences in their approach to the ever-growing problem of type 2 diabetes. Outcomes and intervention styles of the studies were noted and critiqued based on their statistical significance. Conclusion: The first study revealed that multiple behavior change techniques (BCTs) correlate with a reduction in weight and HbA1c, especially when they work synergistically alongside one another. The second study spoke of how community intervention had an inclusive quality about it, which allowed for population variability to not affect implementation. It also showed that small incremental changes were best when trying to establish a change long-term across a large population. Finally, the third study revealed that, as the participant got closer to maintaining a good physical activity regiment, their self-efficacy also increased. The attributes of these studies give evidence that interventions that use multiple approaches are most effective when looking to improve physical activity and diet in Type 2 diabetics.
