As a result of the complex anatomy in upper cervical spine, the operative treatment of axis neoplasms is always complicated. Although the procedure for the second cervical vertebra （C2） surgery had been described pr...As a result of the complex anatomy in upper cervical spine, the operative treatment of axis neoplasms is always complicated. Although the procedure for the second cervical vertebra （C2） surgery had been described previously in diverse approaches and reconstruction forms, each has its own limita- tions and restrictions that usually result in less satisfactory conclusions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the operation efficacy for axis tumors by using a combined anterior （retropharyngeal） cervical and posterior approach in achieving total resection of C2 and circumferential reconstruction. Eight con- secutive C2 tumor patients with mean age of 47.6 years in our institute sequentially underwent vertebra resection and fixation through aforementioned approach from Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2010. No surgical mor- tality or severe morbidity occurred in our group. In terms of complications, 2 cases developed transient difficulty in swallowing liquids （one of them experienced dysphonia） and 1 developed cerebrospinal fluid leakage （CSFL） that was resolved later. During a mean follow-up period of 31.9 months, the visual analogue scale （VAS） and Japanese orthopedic association （JOA） score revealed that the pain level and neurological function in all patients were improved postoperatively, and there was no evidence of fixa- tion failure and local recurrence. It is concluded that the anterior cervical retropharyngeal approach permits a visible exposure to facilitate the C2 vertebra resection and perform an effective anterior re- construction at the same time. The custom-made mesh cage applied in our cases can be acted as a firm and convenient implant in circumferential fixation.展开更多
We propose and simulate a method for generating a three-dimensional （3D） optical cage in the vicinity of focus by focusing a double-ring shaped radially and azimuthally polarized beam. Our study shows that the combi...We propose and simulate a method for generating a three-dimensional （3D） optical cage in the vicinity of focus by focusing a double-ring shaped radially and azimuthally polarized beam. Our study shows that the combination of an inner ring with an azimuthally polarized field and an outer ring with a radially polarized field and a phase factor can produce an optical cage with a dark region enclosed by higher intensity. The shape of the cage can be tailored by appropriately adjusting the parameters of double-mode beams. Furthermore, multiple 3D optical cages can be realized by applying the shift theorem of the Fourier transform and macro-pixel sampling algorithm to a double-ring shaped radially and azimuthally polarized beam.展开更多
文摘As a result of the complex anatomy in upper cervical spine, the operative treatment of axis neoplasms is always complicated. Although the procedure for the second cervical vertebra （C2） surgery had been described previously in diverse approaches and reconstruction forms, each has its own limita- tions and restrictions that usually result in less satisfactory conclusions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the operation efficacy for axis tumors by using a combined anterior （retropharyngeal） cervical and posterior approach in achieving total resection of C2 and circumferential reconstruction. Eight con- secutive C2 tumor patients with mean age of 47.6 years in our institute sequentially underwent vertebra resection and fixation through aforementioned approach from Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2010. No surgical mor- tality or severe morbidity occurred in our group. In terms of complications, 2 cases developed transient difficulty in swallowing liquids （one of them experienced dysphonia） and 1 developed cerebrospinal fluid leakage （CSFL） that was resolved later. During a mean follow-up period of 31.9 months, the visual analogue scale （VAS） and Japanese orthopedic association （JOA） score revealed that the pain level and neurological function in all patients were improved postoperatively, and there was no evidence of fixa- tion failure and local recurrence. It is concluded that the anterior cervical retropharyngeal approach permits a visible exposure to facilitate the C2 vertebra resection and perform an effective anterior re- construction at the same time. The custom-made mesh cage applied in our cases can be acted as a firm and convenient implant in circumferential fixation.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91750202,11530046,and 11474156)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFA0303700)+1 种基金the Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures of Chinathe Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid-State Lighting and Energy-Saving Electronics of China
文摘We propose and simulate a method for generating a three-dimensional （3D） optical cage in the vicinity of focus by focusing a double-ring shaped radially and azimuthally polarized beam. Our study shows that the combination of an inner ring with an azimuthally polarized field and an outer ring with a radially polarized field and a phase factor can produce an optical cage with a dark region enclosed by higher intensity. The shape of the cage can be tailored by appropriately adjusting the parameters of double-mode beams. Furthermore, multiple 3D optical cages can be realized by applying the shift theorem of the Fourier transform and macro-pixel sampling algorithm to a double-ring shaped radially and azimuthally polarized beam.
