Current research on wind energy piezoelectric energy harvesters(PEHs)mainly focuses on tandem smooth cylinder energy harvesters;however,the traditional tandem smooth cylinder energy harvester has low voltage output an...Current research on wind energy piezoelectric energy harvesters(PEHs)mainly focuses on tandem smooth cylinder energy harvesters;however,the traditional tandem smooth cylinder energy harvester has low voltage output and narrow energy harvest bandwidth.In this study,a D-type bionic fin is designed and installed on a smooth cylindrical surface to improve its performance.The influence of the spacing ratio on the amplitude and voltage of PEHs with D-type bionic fins added under elastic interference was investigated through wind tunnel tests.Three installation positions were designed:only installed upstream,only installed downstream,and not installed upstream and downstream(BARE).It was found that the maximum displacement of the upstream PEH(UPEH)was not apparently affected by the D-type bionic fin.Contrastingly,the fin changed the maximum amplitude from a small to a large spacing ratio for the downstream PEH(DPEH).D-type bionic fin can enhance energy harvest performance by coupling“coupled vortex-induced vibration”and wake induced galloping,increasing the surface velocity of PEHs and expanding the bandwidth of the voltage harvested by the PEHs.Analysis of the power under the experimental wind speed showed that installing D-type fins in the PEHs can increase the output power of the upstream and downstream PEHs by 392.28%and 13%,respectively,compared with that of the BARE-PEH.Additionally,computational fluid dynamics was used to analyze the flow pattern,wake structure,and lift coefficient of the PEHs,and to explain why the upstream D-type bionic fin installation has an impact on the harvest performance of the upstream and downstream PEHs at a spacing ratio of 1.5.This study provides an efficient and simple scheme for designing wind PEHs.展开更多
Bionic non-smooth surfaces （BNSS） can reduce drag. Much attention has been paid to the mechanism of shear stress reduction by riblets. The mechanism of pressure force reduction by bionic non-smooth surfaces on bodie...Bionic non-smooth surfaces （BNSS） can reduce drag. Much attention has been paid to the mechanism of shear stress reduction by riblets. The mechanism of pressure force reduction by bionic non-smooth surfaces on bodies of revolution has not been well investigated. In this work CFD simulation has revealed the mechanism of drag reduction by BNSS, which may work in three ways. First, BNSS on bodies of revolution may lower the surface velocity of the medium, which prevents the sudden speed up of air on the cross section. So the bottom pressure of the model would not be disturbed sharply, resulting in less energy loss and drag reduction. Second, the magnitude of vorticity induced by the bionic model becomes smaller because, due to the sculpturing, the growth of tiny air bubbles is avoided. Thus the large moment of inertia induced by large air bubble is reduced. The reduction of the vorticity could reduce the dissipation of the eddy. So the pressure force could also be reduced. Third, the thickness of the momentum layer on the model becomes less which, according to the relationship between the drag coefficient and the momentum thickness, reduces drag.展开更多
Five kinds of 45# steel samples with concave features on the surface were manufactured using Laser Texturing Technology (LTT). Optimum design theory was used to design the experiment, and a two-level orthogonal table-...Five kinds of 45# steel samples with concave features on the surface were manufactured using Laser Texturing Technology (LTT). Optimum design theory was used to design the experiment, and a two-level orthogonal table-L 16 (2 15 ) design was adopted . Micro-wear and micro-friction experienced by samples with concave surface features and samples with smooth surfaces were compared experimentally. The wear resistance of samples with concave surface features was increased most, and different surface morphologies had different effects on friction and wear properties.展开更多
Inspired by the idea that bionic non-smooth surfaces(BNSS)can reduce water flow resistance,the application of BNSS resistance reduction method in grooves surface of antiskid tire tread pattern has been investigated fo...Inspired by the idea that bionic non-smooth surfaces(BNSS)can reduce water flow resistance,the application of BNSS resistance reduction method in grooves surface of antiskid tire tread pattern has been investigated for increasing hydroplaning velocity of tire by using computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulation.Three kinds of BNSS(riblet,convex dome,and dimple concave)are arranged in tire tread grooves to study the water flow resistance effects in grooves with non-smooth characteristics.A tire-water coupled model is established and CFD technique is applied to simulating hydroplaning.The simulation results show that BNSS grooves can reduce water flow resistance and increase mean flow rate by disturbing the eddy movement in boundary layers.The drag forces of riblet and dimple surface are lower and drainage capacity is higher than those of smooth surface under the same void space on tread pattern,but it is not in dome.BNSS is a good way to promote antiskid performance without increasing additional groove space;extra tire-road noise production is therefore avoided due to groove space enlargement.展开更多
The study of bionics has found that the skins of many burrow animals which live in soil and stone conditions have an anti wear function, and which is related to their body surfaces’non-smooth morphology. In the pres...The study of bionics has found that the skins of many burrow animals which live in soil and stone conditions have an anti wear function, and which is related to their body surfaces’non-smooth morphology. In the present study, bionic non-smooth surfaces are used in roll surface design, and roll models with convex non-smooth surfaces are developed. The rolling wear of non-smooth roll in steel rolling is simulated by the FEM software-ANSYS. The equivalent stress, the node friction stress, and the node contact pressure between the roll and the rolling piece are calculated; and the anti-wear mechanism is analyzed.展开更多
The body surface of some organisms has non-smooth structure, which is related to drag reduction in moving fluid. To imitate these structures, models with a non-smooth surface were made. In order to find a relationship...The body surface of some organisms has non-smooth structure, which is related to drag reduction in moving fluid. To imitate these structures, models with a non-smooth surface were made. In order to find a relationship between drag reduction and the non-smooth surface, an orthogonal design test was employed in a low speed wind tunnel. Six factors likely to influence drag reduction were considered, and each factor tested at three levels. The six factors were the configuration, diameter/bottom width, height/depth, distribution, the arrangement of the rough structures on the experimental model and the wind speed. It was shown that the non-smooth surface causes drag reduction and the distribution of non-smooth structures on the model, and wind speed, are the predominant factors affecting drag reduction. Using analysis of variance, the optimal combination and levels were obtained, which were a wind speed of 44 m/s, distribution of the non-smooth structure on the tail of the experimental model, the configuration of riblets, diameter/bottom width of i mm, height/depth of 0.5 mm, arranged in a rhombic formation. At the optimal combination mentioned above, the 99% confidence interval for drag reduction was 11.13% to 22.30%.展开更多
Inspired by the remarkable electromagnetic response capabilities of the complex morphologies and subtle microstructures evolved by natural organisms,this paper delves into the research advancements and future applicat...Inspired by the remarkable electromagnetic response capabilities of the complex morphologies and subtle microstructures evolved by natural organisms,this paper delves into the research advancements and future application potential of bionic microwave-absorbing materials(BMAMs).It outlines the significance of achieving high-performance microwave-absorbing materials through ingenious microstructural design and judicious composition selection,while emphasizing the innovative strategies offered by bionic manufacturing.Furthermore,this work meticulously analyzes how inspiration can be drawn from the intricate structures of marine organisms,plants,animals,and nonmetallic minerals in nature to devise and develop BMAMs with superior electromagnetic wave absorption properties.Additionally,the paper provides an in-depth exploration of the theoretical underpinnings of BMAMs,particularly the latest breakthroughs in broadband absorption.By incorporating advanced methodologies such as simulation modeling and bionic gradient design,we unravel the scientific principles governing the microwave absorption mechanisms of BMAMs,thereby furnishing a solid theoretical foundation for understanding and optimizing their performance.Ultimately,this review aims to offer valuable insights and inspiration to researchers in related fields,fostering the collective advancement of research on BMAMs.展开更多
Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitatio...Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitation crab shells is constructed by assembling butenolide@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide microcapsules(Bu@PGMAm/GO MCs)with compact multi-shell structure and Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs)step by step on the PU-^(F)PDMS matrix.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings achieve long-term and stable anti-fouling effect under the combination of robust low-surface-energy PU-^(F)PDMS matrix,steady-state sustained release of butenolide encapsulated by the compact multi-shell,bionic surface formed by the microcapsules and AgNPs,and the release of Ag^(+).The shear strength,tensile strength,and elongation at break of the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are 3.53 MPa,6.7 MPa,and 192.83%,respectively.Its static contact angle and sliding angle are 161.8°and 3.6°,respectively.The antibacterial rate of PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Candida albicans can reach 100%.Compared with glass blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS,PU-^(F)PDMS/Ag,and PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs,both the adhesion number and coverage percentage of chlorella adhere to PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are the minimum values,which are 600 cell mm^(-2) and 1.53%,respectively.After 6 months of marine field test,the primer blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS all show different degrees of attachment by shellfish,spirorbis,al-gae and other biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coating is still not covered with biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coatings still exhibit little attachment of marine fouling.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings are expected to be widely used in the fields of anti-fouling,anti-icing,anti-fogging,drag reduction,self-cleaning,and antibacterial.展开更多
Insufficient interfacial activity and poor wettability between fibers and matrix are the two main factors limiting the improvement of mechanical properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics(CFRP).Owl feathers are kn...Insufficient interfacial activity and poor wettability between fibers and matrix are the two main factors limiting the improvement of mechanical properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics(CFRP).Owl feathers are known for their unique compact structure;they are not only lightweight but also strong.In this study,an in-depth look at owl feathers was made and it found that owl feathers not only have the macro branches structure between feather shafts and branches but also have fine feather structures on the branches.The presence of these fine feather structures increases the specific surface area of the plume branches and allows neighboring plume branches to hook up with each other,forming an effective mechanical interlocking structure.These structures bring owl feathers excellent mechanical properties.Inspired by the natural structure of owl feathers,a weaving technique and a sizing process were combined to prepare bionic Carbon Fiber(CF)fabrics and then to fabricate the bionic CFRP with structural characteristics similar to owl feathers.To evaluate the effect of the fine feather structure on the mechanical properties of CFRP,a mechanical property study on CFRP with and without the fine feather imitation structure were conducted.The experimental results show that the introduction of the fine feather branch structure enhance the mechanical properties of CFRP significantly.Specifically,the tensile strength of the composites increased by 6.42%and 13.06%and the flexural strength increased by 8.02%and 16.87%in the 0°and 90°sample directions,respectively.These results provide a new design idea for the improvement of the mechanical properties of the CFRP,promoting the application of CFRP in engineering fields,such as automotive transportation,rail transit,aerospace,and construction.展开更多
The harmonic balance method(HBM)has been widely applied to get the periodic solution of nonlinear systems,however,its convergence rate as well as computation efficiency is dramatically degraded when the system is high...The harmonic balance method(HBM)has been widely applied to get the periodic solution of nonlinear systems,however,its convergence rate as well as computation efficiency is dramatically degraded when the system is highly non-smooth,e.g.,discontinuous.In order to accelerate the convergence,an enriched HBM is developed in this paper where the non-smooth Bernoulli bases are additionally introduced to enrich the conventional Fourier bases.The basic idea behind is that the convergence rate of the HB solution,as a truncated Fourier series,can be improved if the smoothness of the solution becomes finer.Along this line,using non-smooth Bernoulli bases can compensate the highly non-smooth part of the solution and then,the smoothness of the residual part for Fourier approximation is improved so as to achieve accelerated convergence.Numerical examples are conducted on systems with non-smooth restoring and/or external forces.The results confirm that the proposed enriched HBM indeed increases the convergence rate and the increase becomes more significant if more non-smooth bases are used.展开更多
2025 International Workshop on Bionic Engineering(IWBE 2025)will be jointly held with the 15th Plenary Meeting of ISO/TC 266 Biomimetics on September 23-27 in Vienna,Austria.The workshop is hosted by ISBE together wit...2025 International Workshop on Bionic Engineering(IWBE 2025)will be jointly held with the 15th Plenary Meeting of ISO/TC 266 Biomimetics on September 23-27 in Vienna,Austria.The workshop is hosted by ISBE together with ISO/TC 266 Biomimetics and organized by Vienna University of Technology(TU Wien),Jilin University and Beijing Research Institute of Automation for Machinery Industry Co.,Ltd.This joint event will focuses on bionic technology innovation and standardization.展开更多
This article provides a comprehensive exploration of the current research landscape in the field of soft actuation technology applied to bio-inspired soft robots. In sharp contrast to their conventional rigid counterp...This article provides a comprehensive exploration of the current research landscape in the field of soft actuation technology applied to bio-inspired soft robots. In sharp contrast to their conventional rigid counterparts, bio-inspired soft robots are primarily constructed from flexible materials, conferring upon them remarkable adaptability and flexibility to execute a multitude of tasks in complex environments. However, the classification of their driving technology poses a significant challenge owing to the diverse array of employed driving mechanisms and materials. Here, we classify several common soft actuation methods from the perspectives of the sources of motion in bio-inspired soft robots and their bio-inspired objects, effectively filling the classification system of soft robots, especially bio-inspired soft robots. Then, we summarize the driving principles and structures of various common driving methods from the perspective of bionics, and discuss the latest developments in the field of soft robot actuation from the perspective of driving modalities and methodologies. We then discuss the application directions of bio-inspired soft robots and the latest developments in each direction. Finally, after an in-depth review of various soft bio-inspired robot driving technologies in recent years, we summarize the issues and challenges encountered in the advancement of soft robot actuation technology.展开更多
With the aim of improving the fatigue properties of Mg alloy welded joints under cyclic loading,the effects of laser bionic treatment and ultrasonic impact bionic treatment on the fatigue crack growth(FCG)behavior of ...With the aim of improving the fatigue properties of Mg alloy welded joints under cyclic loading,the effects of laser bionic treatment and ultrasonic impact bionic treatment on the fatigue crack growth(FCG)behavior of AZ31B Mg alloy TIG-welded joints were studied and compared.The results show that bionic treatment refines the grains on the joint surface and improves the microhardness.In the crack stable growth stage,both bionic samples exhibit a lower FCG rate and a higher FCG resistance.The two bionic treatment methods reduce the probability of crack initiation and partially promote crack deflection,providing a new approach for improving the FCG behavior of welded joints.展开更多
Bionic hydrogels offer significant advantages over conventional counterparts,boasting superior properties like enhanced adhesion,stretchability,conductivity,biocompatibility and versatile functionalities.Their physico...Bionic hydrogels offer significant advantages over conventional counterparts,boasting superior properties like enhanced adhesion,stretchability,conductivity,biocompatibility and versatile functionalities.Their physicochemical resemblance to biological tissues makes bionic hydrogels ideal interfaces for bioelectronic devices.In contrast,conventional hydrogels often exhibit inadequate performance,such as easy detachment,lack of good skin compliance,and inadequate conductivity,failing to meet the rigorous demands of bioelectronic applications.Bionic hydrogels,inspired by biological designs,exhibit exceptional physicochemical characteristics that fulfill diverse criteria for bioelectronic applications,driving the advancement of bioelectronic devices.This review first introduces a variety of materials used in the fabrication of bionic hydrogels,including natural polymers,synthetic polymers,and other materials.Then different mechanisms of hydrogel bionics,are categorized into material bionics,structural bionics,and functional bionics based on their bionic approaches.Subsequently,various applications of bionic hydrogels in the field of bioelectronics were introduced,including physiological signal monitoring,tissue engineering,and human-machine interactions.Lastly,the current development and future prospects of bionic hydrogels in bioelectronic devices are summarized.Hopefully,this comprehensive review could inspire advancements in bionic hydrogels for applications in bioelectronic devices.展开更多
Based on research into bionic butterflies for environmental detection and ecological management,a scheme was proposed to develop and manufacture a bionic aircraft with two wings inspired by specific butterfly species....Based on research into bionic butterflies for environmental detection and ecological management,a scheme was proposed to develop and manufacture a bionic aircraft with two wings inspired by specific butterfly species.A flapping-wing aircraft with a simple structure was designed,and its two-wing design was optimized.The research focused on several key areas:the design and optimization of the wings,the development of the transmission mechanism,hardware design and fabrication,and 3D printing for component manufacturing.This resulted in the bionic replication of the wing shape and structure of the Tiger Papilio butterfly.The final bionic butterfly features a wingspan of 29.5 cm and a total weight of 13.8 g.This project integrates mechatronic principles and provides a valuable reference for advancements in the field of bionic butterflies.Future research could explore the aerodynamic characteristics of wings and innovative design approaches in greater depth.展开更多
Piezoelectric actuators are widely utilized in positioning systems to realize nano-scale resolution. However, the backward motion always generates for some piezoelectric actuators, which reduces the working efficiency...Piezoelectric actuators are widely utilized in positioning systems to realize nano-scale resolution. However, the backward motion always generates for some piezoelectric actuators, which reduces the working efficiency. Bionic motions have already been employed in the field of piezoelectric actuators to realize better performance. By imitating the movement form of seals, seal type piezoelectric actuator is capable to realize large operating strokes easily. Nevertheless, the conventional seal type piezoelectric actuator has a complicated structure and control system, which limits further applications. Hence, an improved bionic piezoelectric actuator is proposed to realize a long motion stroke and eliminate backward movement with a simplified structure and control method in this study. The composition and motion principle of the designed actuator are discussed, and the performance is investigated with simulations and experiments. Results confirm that the presented actuator effectively realizes the linear movement that has a large working stroke stably without backward motion. The smallest stepping displacement ΔL is 0.2 μm under 1 Hz and 50 V. The largest motion speed is 900 μm/s with 900 Hz and 120 V. The largest vertical and horizontal load are 250 g and 12 g, respectively. This work shows that the improved bionic piezoelectric actuator is feasible for eliminating backward motion and has a great working ability.展开更多
Bionic interfaces exhibit multiscale features with various functions that reduce energy consumption and produce renewable resources to support life,triggering them an emerging area of technological revolution in many ...Bionic interfaces exhibit multiscale features with various functions that reduce energy consumption and produce renewable resources to support life,triggering them an emerging area of technological revolution in many disciplines.To improve the design and fabrication flexibility,additive manufacturing(AM)technology has been attempted to achieve multiscale structures and reconstruct biological functions at interfaces.Emerging AM of bionic interfaces has led to substantial advancements in renewable energy applications in recent years,but some challenges remain to be overcome.This review first presents a basic understanding of bionic mechanisms and typical manufacturing techniques especially AM.Subsequently,it emphasizes the latest progress of the bionic interfaces and AM on various renewable energy applications,such as those for wetting-controlled surfaces,energy harvesting,water treatment,batteries,and catalysts.Finally,it discusses some challenges and provides insights on how bionic interfaces and AM provide innovative solutions for next-generation renewable energy applications.展开更多
Pacinian Corpuscle(PC)is the largest tactile vibration receptor in mammalian skin,with a layered structure that enables signal amplification and high-pass filtering functions.Modern robots feature vibro-tactile sensor...Pacinian Corpuscle(PC)is the largest tactile vibration receptor in mammalian skin,with a layered structure that enables signal amplification and high-pass filtering functions.Modern robots feature vibro-tactile sensors with excellent mechanical properties and fine resolution,but these sensors are prone to low-frequency noise interference when detecting high-frequency vibrations.In this study,a bionic PC with a longitudinally decreasing dynamic fractal structure is proposed.By creating a lumped parameter model of the PC’s layered structure,the bionic PC made of gelatin-chitosan based hydrogel can achieve high-pass filtering and specific frequency band signal amplification without requiring back-end circuits.The experimental results demonstrate that the bionic PC retains the structural characteristics of a natural PC,and the influence of structural factors,such as the number of layers in its shell,on filtration characteristics is explored.Additionally,a vibration source positioning experiment was conducted to simulate the earthquake sensing abilities of elephants.This natural structural design simplifies the filter circuit,is low-cost,cost-effective,stable in performance,and reduces redundancy in the robot’s signal circuit.Integrating this technology with robots can enhance their environmental perception,thereby improving the safety of interactions.展开更多
The soft-hard combined structures involving varying microhardness on the specimen surface of grey cast iron,processed by bionic laser technology,exhibit excellent wear resistance under dry sliding condition.Both the p...The soft-hard combined structures involving varying microhardness on the specimen surface of grey cast iron,processed by bionic laser technology,exhibit excellent wear resistance under dry sliding condition.Both the primary phase(PP)and the laser-treated phase(LP)play pivotal roles in the wear performance of grey cast iron,in association with various combinations of PP and LP microhardness,originating from different laser processing and heat treatment.Owing to the optimized combination of microhardness,the result exhibits the dominant role of LP,with higher microhardness,in wear test,indicating that this technology,apart from producing complex structures,can also act as a design-process method to modify the tribological properties of grey cast iron,and thus providing a feasible approach to tailor the surface microhardness and to modify the wear performance of grey cast iron.Moreover,a threshold of wear resistance is obtained,while LP microhardness is above 900 HV;meanwhile,beyond it,the change of PP microhardness has only minor impact on wear performance.Finite element analysis shows that,in line with varying microhardness combination,distinct stress distribution on specimen surface is achieved,agreeing well with the good wear resistance and tailorable microhardness of LP and PP.展开更多
It is significant to process textures with special functions similar to animal surfaces based on bionics and improve the friction stability and contact comfort of contact surfaces for the surface texture design of tac...It is significant to process textures with special functions similar to animal surfaces based on bionics and improve the friction stability and contact comfort of contact surfaces for the surface texture design of tactile products.In this paper,a bionic hexagonal micro-convex texture was prepared on an acrylic surface by laser processing.The friction mechanism of a finger touching the bionic hexagonal micro-convex texture under different touch speeds and pressures,and the effect of the height of the texture on tactile perception were investigated by finite element,subjective evaluation,friction,and EEG tests.The results showed that the deformation friction was the main friction component when the finger touched the bionic hexagonal texture,and the slipperiness and friction factor showed a significant negative correlation.As the touch speed decreased or the touch force increased,the hysteresis friction of the fingers as well as the interlocking friction increased,and the slipperiness perception decreased.The bionic hexagonal texture with higher convexity caused a higher friction factor,lower slipperiness perception,and lower P300 peak.Hexagonal textures with lower convexity,lower friction factor,and higher slipperiness perception required greater brain attentional resources and intensity of tactile information processing during tactile perception.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21978202).
文摘Current research on wind energy piezoelectric energy harvesters(PEHs)mainly focuses on tandem smooth cylinder energy harvesters;however,the traditional tandem smooth cylinder energy harvester has low voltage output and narrow energy harvest bandwidth.In this study,a D-type bionic fin is designed and installed on a smooth cylindrical surface to improve its performance.The influence of the spacing ratio on the amplitude and voltage of PEHs with D-type bionic fins added under elastic interference was investigated through wind tunnel tests.Three installation positions were designed:only installed upstream,only installed downstream,and not installed upstream and downstream(BARE).It was found that the maximum displacement of the upstream PEH(UPEH)was not apparently affected by the D-type bionic fin.Contrastingly,the fin changed the maximum amplitude from a small to a large spacing ratio for the downstream PEH(DPEH).D-type bionic fin can enhance energy harvest performance by coupling“coupled vortex-induced vibration”and wake induced galloping,increasing the surface velocity of PEHs and expanding the bandwidth of the voltage harvested by the PEHs.Analysis of the power under the experimental wind speed showed that installing D-type fins in the PEHs can increase the output power of the upstream and downstream PEHs by 392.28%and 13%,respectively,compared with that of the BARE-PEH.Additionally,computational fluid dynamics was used to analyze the flow pattern,wake structure,and lift coefficient of the PEHs,and to explain why the upstream D-type bionic fin installation has an impact on the harvest performance of the upstream and downstream PEHs at a spacing ratio of 1.5.This study provides an efficient and simple scheme for designing wind PEHs.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No.50635030） the International Cooperation key Project of Ministry of Science and Technology of China （Grant No. 2005DFA00850）+2 种基金 The key project about ministry of education of science and technology （Grant No. 105059） the international cooperative of Jilin Province （Grant No.20040703-1） Specialized Research fund for the Doctoral Program of higher Education （Grant No. 20050183064）.
文摘Bionic non-smooth surfaces （BNSS） can reduce drag. Much attention has been paid to the mechanism of shear stress reduction by riblets. The mechanism of pressure force reduction by bionic non-smooth surfaces on bodies of revolution has not been well investigated. In this work CFD simulation has revealed the mechanism of drag reduction by BNSS, which may work in three ways. First, BNSS on bodies of revolution may lower the surface velocity of the medium, which prevents the sudden speed up of air on the cross section. So the bottom pressure of the model would not be disturbed sharply, resulting in less energy loss and drag reduction. Second, the magnitude of vorticity induced by the bionic model becomes smaller because, due to the sculpturing, the growth of tiny air bubbles is avoided. Thus the large moment of inertia induced by large air bubble is reduced. The reduction of the vorticity could reduce the dissipation of the eddy. So the pressure force could also be reduced. Third, the thickness of the momentum layer on the model becomes less which, according to the relationship between the drag coefficient and the momentum thickness, reduces drag.
基金The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2002AA331180)Trans-Century Training Program Foundation for the Talents by the Chinese Ministry of Education(No.20030720)+1 种基金the Foundation for Distin-guished Young Scholars of Jilin Province(Grant No.20040104)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(No.2002628-2).
文摘Five kinds of 45# steel samples with concave features on the surface were manufactured using Laser Texturing Technology (LTT). Optimum design theory was used to design the experiment, and a two-level orthogonal table-L 16 (2 15 ) design was adopted . Micro-wear and micro-friction experienced by samples with concave surface features and samples with smooth surfaces were compared experimentally. The wear resistance of samples with concave surface features was increased most, and different surface morphologies had different effects on friction and wear properties.
基金Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province Pans to Graduate Research and Innovation,China(No.CXLX13_676)Jiangsu Province Six Talents Peak Project,China(No.2011A031)
文摘Inspired by the idea that bionic non-smooth surfaces(BNSS)can reduce water flow resistance,the application of BNSS resistance reduction method in grooves surface of antiskid tire tread pattern has been investigated for increasing hydroplaning velocity of tire by using computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulation.Three kinds of BNSS(riblet,convex dome,and dimple concave)are arranged in tire tread grooves to study the water flow resistance effects in grooves with non-smooth characteristics.A tire-water coupled model is established and CFD technique is applied to simulating hydroplaning.The simulation results show that BNSS grooves can reduce water flow resistance and increase mean flow rate by disturbing the eddy movement in boundary layers.The drag forces of riblet and dimple surface are lower and drainage capacity is higher than those of smooth surface under the same void space on tread pattern,but it is not in dome.BNSS is a good way to promote antiskid performance without increasing additional groove space;extra tire-road noise production is therefore avoided due to groove space enlargement.
文摘The study of bionics has found that the skins of many burrow animals which live in soil and stone conditions have an anti wear function, and which is related to their body surfaces’non-smooth morphology. In the present study, bionic non-smooth surfaces are used in roll surface design, and roll models with convex non-smooth surfaces are developed. The rolling wear of non-smooth roll in steel rolling is simulated by the FEM software-ANSYS. The equivalent stress, the node friction stress, and the node contact pressure between the roll and the rolling piece are calculated; and the anti-wear mechanism is analyzed.
基金support provided by the National Key Grant Program of Basic(Grant No.2002CCA01200)the National High Technol-ogy Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(Grant No.2003AA305080)+1 种基金the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education(No,02089)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(No.20040703-1).
文摘The body surface of some organisms has non-smooth structure, which is related to drag reduction in moving fluid. To imitate these structures, models with a non-smooth surface were made. In order to find a relationship between drag reduction and the non-smooth surface, an orthogonal design test was employed in a low speed wind tunnel. Six factors likely to influence drag reduction were considered, and each factor tested at three levels. The six factors were the configuration, diameter/bottom width, height/depth, distribution, the arrangement of the rough structures on the experimental model and the wind speed. It was shown that the non-smooth surface causes drag reduction and the distribution of non-smooth structures on the model, and wind speed, are the predominant factors affecting drag reduction. Using analysis of variance, the optimal combination and levels were obtained, which were a wind speed of 44 m/s, distribution of the non-smooth structure on the tail of the experimental model, the configuration of riblets, diameter/bottom width of i mm, height/depth of 0.5 mm, arranged in a rhombic formation. At the optimal combination mentioned above, the 99% confidence interval for drag reduction was 11.13% to 22.30%.
基金the financial support provided by Graduate Scientific Research and Innovation Foundation of Chongqing,China(CYB22007,CYS22005)Projects(No.2020CDJXZ001)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities+2 种基金the Technology Innovation and Application Development Special Project of Chongqing(Z20211350 and Z20211351)Scientific Research Project of Chongqing Ecological Environment Bureau(No.CQEE2022STHBZZ118)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2024IAIS-QN008)。
文摘Inspired by the remarkable electromagnetic response capabilities of the complex morphologies and subtle microstructures evolved by natural organisms,this paper delves into the research advancements and future application potential of bionic microwave-absorbing materials(BMAMs).It outlines the significance of achieving high-performance microwave-absorbing materials through ingenious microstructural design and judicious composition selection,while emphasizing the innovative strategies offered by bionic manufacturing.Furthermore,this work meticulously analyzes how inspiration can be drawn from the intricate structures of marine organisms,plants,animals,and nonmetallic minerals in nature to devise and develop BMAMs with superior electromagnetic wave absorption properties.Additionally,the paper provides an in-depth exploration of the theoretical underpinnings of BMAMs,particularly the latest breakthroughs in broadband absorption.By incorporating advanced methodologies such as simulation modeling and bionic gradient design,we unravel the scientific principles governing the microwave absorption mechanisms of BMAMs,thereby furnishing a solid theoretical foundation for understanding and optimizing their performance.Ultimately,this review aims to offer valuable insights and inspiration to researchers in related fields,fostering the collective advancement of research on BMAMs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52003148 and 52261045)the State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University(No.MRUKF2021023)+3 种基金the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-YBGY-475)the Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province(No.22JS003)the Industrialization Project of the State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment(Cultivation)of Qinba Region(No.SXC-2310)the key cultivation project funds of Shaanxi University of Technology(No.SLGKYXM2201).
文摘Polyurethane-fluorinated polysiloxane(PU-^(F)PDMS)with high-strength,high-bonding and low surface en-ergy is synthesized as the matrix,and the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag marine anti-fouling coating on the sur-face of imitation crab shells is constructed by assembling butenolide@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide microcapsules(Bu@PGMAm/GO MCs)with compact multi-shell structure and Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs)step by step on the PU-^(F)PDMS matrix.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings achieve long-term and stable anti-fouling effect under the combination of robust low-surface-energy PU-^(F)PDMS matrix,steady-state sustained release of butenolide encapsulated by the compact multi-shell,bionic surface formed by the microcapsules and AgNPs,and the release of Ag^(+).The shear strength,tensile strength,and elongation at break of the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are 3.53 MPa,6.7 MPa,and 192.83%,respectively.Its static contact angle and sliding angle are 161.8°and 3.6°,respectively.The antibacterial rate of PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Candida albicans can reach 100%.Compared with glass blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS,PU-^(F)PDMS/Ag,and PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs,both the adhesion number and coverage percentage of chlorella adhere to PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag are the minimum values,which are 600 cell mm^(-2) and 1.53%,respectively.After 6 months of marine field test,the primer blank,PU,PU-^(F)PDMS all show different degrees of attachment by shellfish,spirorbis,al-gae and other biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coating is still not covered with biofouling,while the PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag coatings still exhibit little attachment of marine fouling.The PU-^(F)PDMS/MCs/Ag bionic anti-fouling coatings are expected to be widely used in the fields of anti-fouling,anti-icing,anti-fogging,drag reduction,self-cleaning,and antibacterial.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province(No.20240101122JC)and(No.20240101143JC)the Key Scientific and Technological Research and Development Projects of Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department(Grant Number 20230201108GX)。
文摘Insufficient interfacial activity and poor wettability between fibers and matrix are the two main factors limiting the improvement of mechanical properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics(CFRP).Owl feathers are known for their unique compact structure;they are not only lightweight but also strong.In this study,an in-depth look at owl feathers was made and it found that owl feathers not only have the macro branches structure between feather shafts and branches but also have fine feather structures on the branches.The presence of these fine feather structures increases the specific surface area of the plume branches and allows neighboring plume branches to hook up with each other,forming an effective mechanical interlocking structure.These structures bring owl feathers excellent mechanical properties.Inspired by the natural structure of owl feathers,a weaving technique and a sizing process were combined to prepare bionic Carbon Fiber(CF)fabrics and then to fabricate the bionic CFRP with structural characteristics similar to owl feathers.To evaluate the effect of the fine feather structure on the mechanical properties of CFRP,a mechanical property study on CFRP with and without the fine feather imitation structure were conducted.The experimental results show that the introduction of the fine feather branch structure enhance the mechanical properties of CFRP significantly.Specifically,the tensile strength of the composites increased by 6.42%and 13.06%and the flexural strength increased by 8.02%and 16.87%in the 0°and 90°sample directions,respectively.These results provide a new design idea for the improvement of the mechanical properties of the CFRP,promoting the application of CFRP in engineering fields,such as automotive transportation,rail transit,aerospace,and construction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12372028)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2020YFC2201101)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No.2022A1515011809)。
文摘The harmonic balance method(HBM)has been widely applied to get the periodic solution of nonlinear systems,however,its convergence rate as well as computation efficiency is dramatically degraded when the system is highly non-smooth,e.g.,discontinuous.In order to accelerate the convergence,an enriched HBM is developed in this paper where the non-smooth Bernoulli bases are additionally introduced to enrich the conventional Fourier bases.The basic idea behind is that the convergence rate of the HB solution,as a truncated Fourier series,can be improved if the smoothness of the solution becomes finer.Along this line,using non-smooth Bernoulli bases can compensate the highly non-smooth part of the solution and then,the smoothness of the residual part for Fourier approximation is improved so as to achieve accelerated convergence.Numerical examples are conducted on systems with non-smooth restoring and/or external forces.The results confirm that the proposed enriched HBM indeed increases the convergence rate and the increase becomes more significant if more non-smooth bases are used.
文摘2025 International Workshop on Bionic Engineering(IWBE 2025)will be jointly held with the 15th Plenary Meeting of ISO/TC 266 Biomimetics on September 23-27 in Vienna,Austria.The workshop is hosted by ISBE together with ISO/TC 266 Biomimetics and organized by Vienna University of Technology(TU Wien),Jilin University and Beijing Research Institute of Automation for Machinery Industry Co.,Ltd.This joint event will focuses on bionic technology innovation and standardization.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2024JBMC011)Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2024Z0560M5001).
文摘This article provides a comprehensive exploration of the current research landscape in the field of soft actuation technology applied to bio-inspired soft robots. In sharp contrast to their conventional rigid counterparts, bio-inspired soft robots are primarily constructed from flexible materials, conferring upon them remarkable adaptability and flexibility to execute a multitude of tasks in complex environments. However, the classification of their driving technology poses a significant challenge owing to the diverse array of employed driving mechanisms and materials. Here, we classify several common soft actuation methods from the perspectives of the sources of motion in bio-inspired soft robots and their bio-inspired objects, effectively filling the classification system of soft robots, especially bio-inspired soft robots. Then, we summarize the driving principles and structures of various common driving methods from the perspective of bionics, and discuss the latest developments in the field of soft robot actuation from the perspective of driving modalities and methodologies. We then discuss the application directions of bio-inspired soft robots and the latest developments in each direction. Finally, after an in-depth review of various soft bio-inspired robot driving technologies in recent years, we summarize the issues and challenges encountered in the advancement of soft robot actuation technology.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51805235).
文摘With the aim of improving the fatigue properties of Mg alloy welded joints under cyclic loading,the effects of laser bionic treatment and ultrasonic impact bionic treatment on the fatigue crack growth(FCG)behavior of AZ31B Mg alloy TIG-welded joints were studied and compared.The results show that bionic treatment refines the grains on the joint surface and improves the microhardness.In the crack stable growth stage,both bionic samples exhibit a lower FCG rate and a higher FCG resistance.The two bionic treatment methods reduce the probability of crack initiation and partially promote crack deflection,providing a new approach for improving the FCG behavior of welded joints.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Project in Henan Province(242102231002)Henan Province Science and Technology Research and Development Program Joint Fund Advantageous Discipline Cultivation Project(No.232301420033)the Foundation for Outstanding Young Teachers in Universities of Henan Province(2021GGJS014).
文摘Bionic hydrogels offer significant advantages over conventional counterparts,boasting superior properties like enhanced adhesion,stretchability,conductivity,biocompatibility and versatile functionalities.Their physicochemical resemblance to biological tissues makes bionic hydrogels ideal interfaces for bioelectronic devices.In contrast,conventional hydrogels often exhibit inadequate performance,such as easy detachment,lack of good skin compliance,and inadequate conductivity,failing to meet the rigorous demands of bioelectronic applications.Bionic hydrogels,inspired by biological designs,exhibit exceptional physicochemical characteristics that fulfill diverse criteria for bioelectronic applications,driving the advancement of bioelectronic devices.This review first introduces a variety of materials used in the fabrication of bionic hydrogels,including natural polymers,synthetic polymers,and other materials.Then different mechanisms of hydrogel bionics,are categorized into material bionics,structural bionics,and functional bionics based on their bionic approaches.Subsequently,various applications of bionic hydrogels in the field of bioelectronics were introduced,including physiological signal monitoring,tissue engineering,and human-machine interactions.Lastly,the current development and future prospects of bionic hydrogels in bioelectronic devices are summarized.Hopefully,this comprehensive review could inspire advancements in bionic hydrogels for applications in bioelectronic devices.
基金2023 Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Project of Hunan College Students:Tiger Butterfly—Bionic Manufacturing and Morphology Research(Project No.S202313809022)Key Project of Education Reform of Hunan Provincial Department of Education:Research on Disciplinary Integration Education Model under Intelligence+Empowerment—A Case Study of Robotics and Logistics Management Majors(Project No.HNJG-20231561)。
文摘Based on research into bionic butterflies for environmental detection and ecological management,a scheme was proposed to develop and manufacture a bionic aircraft with two wings inspired by specific butterfly species.A flapping-wing aircraft with a simple structure was designed,and its two-wing design was optimized.The research focused on several key areas:the design and optimization of the wings,the development of the transmission mechanism,hardware design and fabrication,and 3D printing for component manufacturing.This resulted in the bionic replication of the wing shape and structure of the Tiger Papilio butterfly.The final bionic butterfly features a wingspan of 29.5 cm and a total weight of 13.8 g.This project integrates mechatronic principles and provides a valuable reference for advancements in the field of bionic butterflies.Future research could explore the aerodynamic characteristics of wings and innovative design approaches in greater depth.
基金supported by The Key Science and Technology Plan Project of Jinhua City,China:2023-3-084,2023-2-011Zhejiang Provincial"Revealing the list and taking command"Project of China KYH06Y22349Open Fund Project of Key Laboratory of CNC Equipment reliability,Ministry of Education JLU-cncr-202407.
文摘Piezoelectric actuators are widely utilized in positioning systems to realize nano-scale resolution. However, the backward motion always generates for some piezoelectric actuators, which reduces the working efficiency. Bionic motions have already been employed in the field of piezoelectric actuators to realize better performance. By imitating the movement form of seals, seal type piezoelectric actuator is capable to realize large operating strokes easily. Nevertheless, the conventional seal type piezoelectric actuator has a complicated structure and control system, which limits further applications. Hence, an improved bionic piezoelectric actuator is proposed to realize a long motion stroke and eliminate backward movement with a simplified structure and control method in this study. The composition and motion principle of the designed actuator are discussed, and the performance is investigated with simulations and experiments. Results confirm that the presented actuator effectively realizes the linear movement that has a large working stroke stably without backward motion. The smallest stepping displacement ΔL is 0.2 μm under 1 Hz and 50 V. The largest motion speed is 900 μm/s with 900 Hz and 120 V. The largest vertical and horizontal load are 250 g and 12 g, respectively. This work shows that the improved bionic piezoelectric actuator is feasible for eliminating backward motion and has a great working ability.
基金supported by the Guangdong Province Science and Technology Plan Project 2023B1212120008Shenzhen Science and Technology Program JCYJ20220818101204010+1 种基金RGC Theme-based Research Scheme AoE/M-402/20Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Commission via the Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Materials Engineering Research Center.
文摘Bionic interfaces exhibit multiscale features with various functions that reduce energy consumption and produce renewable resources to support life,triggering them an emerging area of technological revolution in many disciplines.To improve the design and fabrication flexibility,additive manufacturing(AM)technology has been attempted to achieve multiscale structures and reconstruct biological functions at interfaces.Emerging AM of bionic interfaces has led to substantial advancements in renewable energy applications in recent years,but some challenges remain to be overcome.This review first presents a basic understanding of bionic mechanisms and typical manufacturing techniques especially AM.Subsequently,it emphasizes the latest progress of the bionic interfaces and AM on various renewable energy applications,such as those for wetting-controlled surfaces,energy harvesting,water treatment,batteries,and catalysts.Finally,it discusses some challenges and provides insights on how bionic interfaces and AM provide innovative solutions for next-generation renewable energy applications.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52475190 and 52275191)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(No.2024M751165)the Tribology Science Fund of State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment(No.SKLTKF24B17).
文摘Pacinian Corpuscle(PC)is the largest tactile vibration receptor in mammalian skin,with a layered structure that enables signal amplification and high-pass filtering functions.Modern robots feature vibro-tactile sensors with excellent mechanical properties and fine resolution,but these sensors are prone to low-frequency noise interference when detecting high-frequency vibrations.In this study,a bionic PC with a longitudinally decreasing dynamic fractal structure is proposed.By creating a lumped parameter model of the PC’s layered structure,the bionic PC made of gelatin-chitosan based hydrogel can achieve high-pass filtering and specific frequency band signal amplification without requiring back-end circuits.The experimental results demonstrate that the bionic PC retains the structural characteristics of a natural PC,and the influence of structural factors,such as the number of layers in its shell,on filtration characteristics is explored.Additionally,a vibration source positioning experiment was conducted to simulate the earthquake sensing abilities of elephants.This natural structural design simplifies the filter circuit,is low-cost,cost-effective,stable in performance,and reduces redundancy in the robot’s signal circuit.Integrating this technology with robots can enhance their environmental perception,thereby improving the safety of interactions.
基金supported by Project 985-High Performance Materials of Jilin University and the Project 985-Biomimetic Engineering Science and Technology Innovation and National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51275200).
文摘The soft-hard combined structures involving varying microhardness on the specimen surface of grey cast iron,processed by bionic laser technology,exhibit excellent wear resistance under dry sliding condition.Both the primary phase(PP)and the laser-treated phase(LP)play pivotal roles in the wear performance of grey cast iron,in association with various combinations of PP and LP microhardness,originating from different laser processing and heat treatment.Owing to the optimized combination of microhardness,the result exhibits the dominant role of LP,with higher microhardness,in wear test,indicating that this technology,apart from producing complex structures,can also act as a design-process method to modify the tribological properties of grey cast iron,and thus providing a feasible approach to tailor the surface microhardness and to modify the wear performance of grey cast iron.Moreover,a threshold of wear resistance is obtained,while LP microhardness is above 900 HV;meanwhile,beyond it,the change of PP microhardness has only minor impact on wear performance.Finite element analysis shows that,in line with varying microhardness combination,distinct stress distribution on specimen surface is achieved,agreeing well with the good wear resistance and tailorable microhardness of LP and PP.
基金the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(No.48)。
文摘It is significant to process textures with special functions similar to animal surfaces based on bionics and improve the friction stability and contact comfort of contact surfaces for the surface texture design of tactile products.In this paper,a bionic hexagonal micro-convex texture was prepared on an acrylic surface by laser processing.The friction mechanism of a finger touching the bionic hexagonal micro-convex texture under different touch speeds and pressures,and the effect of the height of the texture on tactile perception were investigated by finite element,subjective evaluation,friction,and EEG tests.The results showed that the deformation friction was the main friction component when the finger touched the bionic hexagonal texture,and the slipperiness and friction factor showed a significant negative correlation.As the touch speed decreased or the touch force increased,the hysteresis friction of the fingers as well as the interlocking friction increased,and the slipperiness perception decreased.The bionic hexagonal texture with higher convexity caused a higher friction factor,lower slipperiness perception,and lower P300 peak.Hexagonal textures with lower convexity,lower friction factor,and higher slipperiness perception required greater brain attentional resources and intensity of tactile information processing during tactile perception.
