Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus are at high risk for disordered eating behaviors (DEB). Due to the fact that type 1 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic illnesses of childhood and adolescence, th...Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus are at high risk for disordered eating behaviors (DEB). Due to the fact that type 1 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic illnesses of childhood and adolescence, the coexistence of eating disorders (ED) and diabetes often affects adolescents and young adults. Since weight management during this state of development can be especially diff icult for those with type 1 diabetes, some diabetics may restrict or omit insulin, a condition known as diabulimia, as a form of weight control. It has been clearly shown that ED in type 1 diabetics are associated with impaired metabolic control, more frequent episodes of ketoacidosis and an earlier than expected onset of diabetes-related microvascular complications, particularly retinopathy. The management of these conditions requires a multidisciplinary team formed by an endocrinologist/diabetologist, a nurse educator, a nutritionist, a psychologist and, frequently, a psychiatrist. The treatment of type 1 diabetes patients with DEB and ED should have the following compo- nents: diabetes treatment, nutritional management and psychological therapy. A high index of suspicion of the presence of an eating disturbance, particularly among those patients with persistent poor metabolic control, repeated episodes of ketoacidosis and/or weight andshape concerns are recommended in the initial stage of diabetes treatment, especially in young women. Given the extent of the problem and the severe medical risk associated with it, more clinical and technological research aimed to improve its treatment is critical to the future health of this at-risk population.展开更多
In this paper three types of dual- chamber shock- struts are considered in dynamic analyses of landing-gear behavior during impact and taxi. Their dynamic characteristics are compared with each other according to calc...In this paper three types of dual- chamber shock- struts are considered in dynamic analyses of landing-gear behavior during impact and taxi. Their dynamic characteristics are compared with each other according to calculation results, and some conclusions are presented.It is very helpful for selecting a suitable type of dual-chamber shock-strut in landing-gear design.展开更多
In this paper, we establish the following limiting weak-type behaviors of Littlewood-Paley g-function g_φ: for nonnegative function f∈ L^1(R^n),■and ■where f_t(x) =t^(-n)f(t^(-1) x) for t > 0. Meanwhile, the co...In this paper, we establish the following limiting weak-type behaviors of Littlewood-Paley g-function g_φ: for nonnegative function f∈ L^1(R^n),■and ■where f_t(x) =t^(-n)f(t^(-1) x) for t > 0. Meanwhile, the corresponding results for Marcinkiewicz integral and its fractional version with kernels satisfying L_α~q-Dini condition are also given.展开更多
Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine Health-Promoting Behaviors among type 2 diabetic mellitus patients. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 440 diabetic patients referred to...Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine Health-Promoting Behaviors among type 2 diabetic mellitus patients. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 440 diabetic patients referred to selected teaching hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) during six months in 2013. A two section 40-items self-report Questionnaire with demographic variables (12 items) and Health-Promoting Behaviors scale (28 items) included exercise (7 items), risk reducing (7 items), life enjoyment (3 items), stress management (5 items), responsibility (3 items) and healthy eating (3 items) domains. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 11.5. Level of significance was set at p 0.05 level. Results: Mean scores of total health promoting behaviors in participants were (55.88 ± 18.09) and in domains of exercise, risk reducing, life?enjoyment, stress management, responsibility and healthy eating were (8.2 ± 6.5), (12.2 ± 6.1), (7.8 ± 2.6), (12.3 ± 3.8), (3.3 ± 3.1) and (6.9 ± 2.8) respectively. Life enjoyment was emphasized as the most significant domain in health promoting behaviors scale (65 percent). Study results revealed that there was a significant association among total health promoting behavior and age (p = 0.01), occupation (p = 0.01), family income (p p = 0.01) and HbA1C(p < 0.001). Conclusion: Study findings revealed the necessity of tailoring specific intervention programs to promote exercise and responsibility domains posit.展开更多
Type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions affecting individuals under the age of 18 years, with increasing incidence worldwide, especially among very young age groups, younger than...Type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions affecting individuals under the age of 18 years, with increasing incidence worldwide, especially among very young age groups, younger than 5. There is still no cure for the disease, and therapeutic goals and guidelines are a challenge. Currently, despite T1 DM intensive management and technological interventions in therapy, the majority of pediatric patients do not achieve glycemic control goals. This leads to a potential prognosis of long term diabetic complications, nephrological, cardiac, ophthalmological and neurological. Unfortunately, the neurological manifestations, including neurocognitive and behavioral complications, may present soon after disease onset, during childhood and adolescence. These manifestations may be prominent, but at times subtle, thus they are often not reported by patients or physicians as related to the diabetes. Furthermore, the metabolic mechanism for such manifestations has been inconsistent and difficult to interpret in practical clinical care, as reported in several reviews on the topic of brain and T1 DM. However, new technological methods for brain assessment, as well as the introduction of continuous glucose monitoring, provide new insights and information regarding brain related manifestations and glycemic variability and control parameters, which may impact the clinical care of children and youth with T1 DM. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the most recently reported behavioral, cognitive domains, sleep related, electrophysiological, and structural alterations in children and adolescences from a novel point of view. The review focuses on reported impairments based on duration of T1 DM, its timeline, and modifiable disease related risk parameters. These findings are not without controversy, and limitations of data are presented in addition to recommendations for future research direction.展开更多
This article introduces the concept of commutative semigroups of almost asymptotically nonexpansive-type mappings in a Banach space X which has the Opial property and whose norm is UKK, and establishes the weak conver...This article introduces the concept of commutative semigroups of almost asymptotically nonexpansive-type mappings in a Banach space X which has the Opial property and whose norm is UKK, and establishes the weak convergence theorems for almostorbits of this class of commutative semigroups. The author improves, extends and develops some recent and earlier results.展开更多
Background: The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a major public health challenge throughout the world. It is a major healthcare issue among the elderly. This study was to identify the ass...Background: The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a major public health challenge throughout the world. It is a major healthcare issue among the elderly. This study was to identify the association between the health promoting behaviors and the diabetic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods: Cross sectional and descriptive research designs were used in this study. Participants were enrolled from three medical centers in northern, central and southern Taiwan during August, 2010 and June, 2011. The instruments encompassed biochemical indicators, and the preliminary developed scale of diabetes mellitus and health promotion (DMHP). Results: A total of 323 participants with T2DM were included in this study. The results showed 1) a high percentage of the participants used cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and betel nut chewing, which were not conducive to adopting health promoting behaviors;2) a high percentage of patients showed abnormal blood glucose, dyslipidemia, and elevated blood pressure;3) few of the participants practiced ideally health promoting behaviors;and 4) practicing health-promoting behavior was positively associated with fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c levels. Conclusions: Patients with higher health promotion scores had better diabetic control. Less physical activity was found among those addicted to cigarette, alcohol and betel nut consumption. The findings suggest that health care providers should assess health promoting behaviors first for each diabetic patient.展开更多
We investigated the effects of pipe diameter on the corrosion resistance of stainless steel type 304 pipes using electrochemical measurements. Compared to plate steel, pipes have harder physical properties and tend to...We investigated the effects of pipe diameter on the corrosion resistance of stainless steel type 304 pipes using electrochemical measurements. Compared to plate steel, pipes have harder physical properties and tend to be harder and showed greater permeability with decreasing inner diameter. We found that the maximum corrosion current density in the secondary active state, which is the starting point of secondary passivation, appeared in the polarization curve measurement in tap water. Similar to the Vickers hardness and the maximum current density in the secondary active state, the permeability tended to increase as the diameter decreased. This is thought to increase the amount of deformation-induced martensitic and increase corrosion susceptibility. The peak of the secondary active current density was clearly seen as the potential sweep speed was increased. In addition, potential sweep speed dependence was observed in the corrosion susceptibility evaluation of deformation-induced martensite. In comparison with acid treatment, the formation of deformation-induced martensite was considered to occur in the extreme surface layer. The maximum corrosion current density in the secondary active state is expected to be a new susceptibility evaluation method for evaluating the deformation-induced martensitic transformation.展开更多
This study was aimed at understanding diabetes knowledge, health beliefs, and behaviors among type 2 diabetes patients in Balinese rural areas. The study used the Health Belief Model (HBM) in applied thematic analysis...This study was aimed at understanding diabetes knowledge, health beliefs, and behaviors among type 2 diabetes patients in Balinese rural areas. The study used the Health Belief Model (HBM) in applied thematic analysis. It involved semi-structured focus groups with 20 patients (M = 49.95 years old, SD 6.7). Three themes formulated: poor diabetes knowledge, diabetes perceived as a life burden, and the factors affecting self-efficacy in practicing healthy lifestyle. The poor diabetes knowledge was due to traditional indigenous beliefs and low health literacy. The perception that diabetes is a life burden was related with physical and psychological condition. The factors affecting the self-efficacy were the perceived barriers and external influence. It is need to understand the traditional indigenous beliefs, burdens, and lacking internal intention as the modifying factors of health beliefs. This study suggests that the development of integrated health promotion of diabetes should consider the HBM’s modifying factors in rural areas.展开更多
In this paper, we study the Cauchy problem of the density-dependent Boussinesq equations of Korteweg type on the whole space with a vacuum. It is proved that there exists a unique strong solution for the two-dimension...In this paper, we study the Cauchy problem of the density-dependent Boussinesq equations of Korteweg type on the whole space with a vacuum. It is proved that there exists a unique strong solution for the two-dimensional Cauchy problem established that the initial density and the initial temperature decay not extremely slow. Particularly, it is allowed to be arbitrarily large for the initial data and vacuum states for the initial density, even including the compact support. Moreover, when the density depends on the Korteweg term with the viscosity coefficient and capillary coefficient, we obtain a consistent priority estimate by the energy method, and extend the local strong solutions to the global strong solutions. Finally, when the pressure and external force are not affected, we deform the fluid models of Korteweg type, we can obtain the large time decay rates of the gradients of velocity, temperature and pressure.展开更多
Based on the grea field investigation and experiment in laboratory, four fuel types wer classified for all broad-leaved/Korean pine forests and its plantations in northeast China in this paper. Various kinds of fuel l...Based on the grea field investigation and experiment in laboratory, four fuel types wer classified for all broad-leaved/Korean pine forests and its plantations in northeast China in this paper. Various kinds of fuel loads, combuStibility and potential energy are calculated and discussed.The relationships between fuel types, fire environment and fire behavior are also widely expounds,and some researh results and management suggestion on Konan pine forests are also given in the paper.展开更多
p-Type nano-ZnFe2O4 semiconductors were gained by high-prssure treatment.Surface photovoltaic spectrum（SPS） and transient photovoltaic technology（TPV） were used for studying the photogenerated charge of nano-ZnFe2...p-Type nano-ZnFe2O4 semiconductors were gained by high-prssure treatment.Surface photovoltaic spectrum（SPS） and transient photovoltaic technology（TPV） were used for studying the photogenerated charge of nano-ZnFe2O4.Results show that the photovoltaic behavior of nano-ZnFe2O4 changed as the processing pressure increased.When the processing pressure was higher than 2 GPa,both SPS response interval and peak changed significantly.XPS results show that the non-lattice oxygen entered into the lattice and the content of lattice oxygen increased with the increase of processing pressure.The material changed from oxygen vacancy type to oxygen excess type and the photoelectric properties changed from n-type to p-type when the processing pressure is higher than 2 GPa.展开更多
基金Supported by a grant from INCITE, Consellería Innovación e Industria, Galician Government
文摘Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus are at high risk for disordered eating behaviors (DEB). Due to the fact that type 1 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic illnesses of childhood and adolescence, the coexistence of eating disorders (ED) and diabetes often affects adolescents and young adults. Since weight management during this state of development can be especially diff icult for those with type 1 diabetes, some diabetics may restrict or omit insulin, a condition known as diabulimia, as a form of weight control. It has been clearly shown that ED in type 1 diabetics are associated with impaired metabolic control, more frequent episodes of ketoacidosis and an earlier than expected onset of diabetes-related microvascular complications, particularly retinopathy. The management of these conditions requires a multidisciplinary team formed by an endocrinologist/diabetologist, a nurse educator, a nutritionist, a psychologist and, frequently, a psychiatrist. The treatment of type 1 diabetes patients with DEB and ED should have the following compo- nents: diabetes treatment, nutritional management and psychological therapy. A high index of suspicion of the presence of an eating disturbance, particularly among those patients with persistent poor metabolic control, repeated episodes of ketoacidosis and/or weight andshape concerns are recommended in the initial stage of diabetes treatment, especially in young women. Given the extent of the problem and the severe medical risk associated with it, more clinical and technological research aimed to improve its treatment is critical to the future health of this at-risk population.
文摘In this paper three types of dual- chamber shock- struts are considered in dynamic analyses of landing-gear behavior during impact and taxi. Their dynamic characteristics are compared with each other according to calculation results, and some conclusions are presented.It is very helpful for selecting a suitable type of dual-chamber shock-strut in landing-gear design.
文摘In this paper, we establish the following limiting weak-type behaviors of Littlewood-Paley g-function g_φ: for nonnegative function f∈ L^1(R^n),■and ■where f_t(x) =t^(-n)f(t^(-1) x) for t > 0. Meanwhile, the corresponding results for Marcinkiewicz integral and its fractional version with kernels satisfying L_α~q-Dini condition are also given.
文摘Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine Health-Promoting Behaviors among type 2 diabetic mellitus patients. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 440 diabetic patients referred to selected teaching hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) during six months in 2013. A two section 40-items self-report Questionnaire with demographic variables (12 items) and Health-Promoting Behaviors scale (28 items) included exercise (7 items), risk reducing (7 items), life enjoyment (3 items), stress management (5 items), responsibility (3 items) and healthy eating (3 items) domains. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 11.5. Level of significance was set at p 0.05 level. Results: Mean scores of total health promoting behaviors in participants were (55.88 ± 18.09) and in domains of exercise, risk reducing, life?enjoyment, stress management, responsibility and healthy eating were (8.2 ± 6.5), (12.2 ± 6.1), (7.8 ± 2.6), (12.3 ± 3.8), (3.3 ± 3.1) and (6.9 ± 2.8) respectively. Life enjoyment was emphasized as the most significant domain in health promoting behaviors scale (65 percent). Study results revealed that there was a significant association among total health promoting behavior and age (p = 0.01), occupation (p = 0.01), family income (p p = 0.01) and HbA1C(p < 0.001). Conclusion: Study findings revealed the necessity of tailoring specific intervention programs to promote exercise and responsibility domains posit.
文摘Type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions affecting individuals under the age of 18 years, with increasing incidence worldwide, especially among very young age groups, younger than 5. There is still no cure for the disease, and therapeutic goals and guidelines are a challenge. Currently, despite T1 DM intensive management and technological interventions in therapy, the majority of pediatric patients do not achieve glycemic control goals. This leads to a potential prognosis of long term diabetic complications, nephrological, cardiac, ophthalmological and neurological. Unfortunately, the neurological manifestations, including neurocognitive and behavioral complications, may present soon after disease onset, during childhood and adolescence. These manifestations may be prominent, but at times subtle, thus they are often not reported by patients or physicians as related to the diabetes. Furthermore, the metabolic mechanism for such manifestations has been inconsistent and difficult to interpret in practical clinical care, as reported in several reviews on the topic of brain and T1 DM. However, new technological methods for brain assessment, as well as the introduction of continuous glucose monitoring, provide new insights and information regarding brain related manifestations and glycemic variability and control parameters, which may impact the clinical care of children and youth with T1 DM. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the most recently reported behavioral, cognitive domains, sleep related, electrophysiological, and structural alterations in children and adolescences from a novel point of view. The review focuses on reported impairments based on duration of T1 DM, its timeline, and modifiable disease related risk parameters. These findings are not without controversy, and limitations of data are presented in addition to recommendations for future research direction.
基金Project supported by the Teaching and Research Award Fund for Outstanding Young Teachers in Higher Education Institutions of MOE,P.R.C., by the Dawn Program Foundation in Shanghai, and by Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project Fund (T0401).
文摘This article introduces the concept of commutative semigroups of almost asymptotically nonexpansive-type mappings in a Banach space X which has the Opial property and whose norm is UKK, and establishes the weak convergence theorems for almostorbits of this class of commutative semigroups. The author improves, extends and develops some recent and earlier results.
文摘Background: The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a major public health challenge throughout the world. It is a major healthcare issue among the elderly. This study was to identify the association between the health promoting behaviors and the diabetic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods: Cross sectional and descriptive research designs were used in this study. Participants were enrolled from three medical centers in northern, central and southern Taiwan during August, 2010 and June, 2011. The instruments encompassed biochemical indicators, and the preliminary developed scale of diabetes mellitus and health promotion (DMHP). Results: A total of 323 participants with T2DM were included in this study. The results showed 1) a high percentage of the participants used cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and betel nut chewing, which were not conducive to adopting health promoting behaviors;2) a high percentage of patients showed abnormal blood glucose, dyslipidemia, and elevated blood pressure;3) few of the participants practiced ideally health promoting behaviors;and 4) practicing health-promoting behavior was positively associated with fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c levels. Conclusions: Patients with higher health promotion scores had better diabetic control. Less physical activity was found among those addicted to cigarette, alcohol and betel nut consumption. The findings suggest that health care providers should assess health promoting behaviors first for each diabetic patient.
文摘We investigated the effects of pipe diameter on the corrosion resistance of stainless steel type 304 pipes using electrochemical measurements. Compared to plate steel, pipes have harder physical properties and tend to be harder and showed greater permeability with decreasing inner diameter. We found that the maximum corrosion current density in the secondary active state, which is the starting point of secondary passivation, appeared in the polarization curve measurement in tap water. Similar to the Vickers hardness and the maximum current density in the secondary active state, the permeability tended to increase as the diameter decreased. This is thought to increase the amount of deformation-induced martensitic and increase corrosion susceptibility. The peak of the secondary active current density was clearly seen as the potential sweep speed was increased. In addition, potential sweep speed dependence was observed in the corrosion susceptibility evaluation of deformation-induced martensite. In comparison with acid treatment, the formation of deformation-induced martensite was considered to occur in the extreme surface layer. The maximum corrosion current density in the secondary active state is expected to be a new susceptibility evaluation method for evaluating the deformation-induced martensitic transformation.
文摘This study was aimed at understanding diabetes knowledge, health beliefs, and behaviors among type 2 diabetes patients in Balinese rural areas. The study used the Health Belief Model (HBM) in applied thematic analysis. It involved semi-structured focus groups with 20 patients (M = 49.95 years old, SD 6.7). Three themes formulated: poor diabetes knowledge, diabetes perceived as a life burden, and the factors affecting self-efficacy in practicing healthy lifestyle. The poor diabetes knowledge was due to traditional indigenous beliefs and low health literacy. The perception that diabetes is a life burden was related with physical and psychological condition. The factors affecting the self-efficacy were the perceived barriers and external influence. It is need to understand the traditional indigenous beliefs, burdens, and lacking internal intention as the modifying factors of health beliefs. This study suggests that the development of integrated health promotion of diabetes should consider the HBM’s modifying factors in rural areas.
文摘In this paper, we study the Cauchy problem of the density-dependent Boussinesq equations of Korteweg type on the whole space with a vacuum. It is proved that there exists a unique strong solution for the two-dimensional Cauchy problem established that the initial density and the initial temperature decay not extremely slow. Particularly, it is allowed to be arbitrarily large for the initial data and vacuum states for the initial density, even including the compact support. Moreover, when the density depends on the Korteweg term with the viscosity coefficient and capillary coefficient, we obtain a consistent priority estimate by the energy method, and extend the local strong solutions to the global strong solutions. Finally, when the pressure and external force are not affected, we deform the fluid models of Korteweg type, we can obtain the large time decay rates of the gradients of velocity, temperature and pressure.
文摘Based on the grea field investigation and experiment in laboratory, four fuel types wer classified for all broad-leaved/Korean pine forests and its plantations in northeast China in this paper. Various kinds of fuel loads, combuStibility and potential energy are calculated and discussed.The relationships between fuel types, fire environment and fire behavior are also widely expounds,and some researh results and management suggestion on Konan pine forests are also given in the paper.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20803031)the Specialized Research Fund for Basic Research and Operating Expenses of Jilin University,China(No.200903327)+1 种基金the National Fund for Fostering Talents of Basic Science,China(No.J1103202)the Open Topic of State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials,China(No.200904)
文摘p-Type nano-ZnFe2O4 semiconductors were gained by high-prssure treatment.Surface photovoltaic spectrum（SPS） and transient photovoltaic technology（TPV） were used for studying the photogenerated charge of nano-ZnFe2O4.Results show that the photovoltaic behavior of nano-ZnFe2O4 changed as the processing pressure increased.When the processing pressure was higher than 2 GPa,both SPS response interval and peak changed significantly.XPS results show that the non-lattice oxygen entered into the lattice and the content of lattice oxygen increased with the increase of processing pressure.The material changed from oxygen vacancy type to oxygen excess type and the photoelectric properties changed from n-type to p-type when the processing pressure is higher than 2 GPa.
