In order to construct the trusted network and realize the trust of network behavior,a new multi-dimensional behavior measurement model based on prediction and control is presented.By using behavior predictive equation...In order to construct the trusted network and realize the trust of network behavior,a new multi-dimensional behavior measurement model based on prediction and control is presented.By using behavior predictive equation,individual similarity function,group similarity function,direct trust assessment function,and generalized predictive control,this model can guarantee the trust of an end user and users in its network.Compared with traditional measurement model,the model considers different characteristics of various networks.The trusted measurement policies established according to different network environments have better adaptability.By constructing trusted group,the threats to trusted group will be reduced greatly.Utilizing trusted group to restrict individuals in network can ensure the fault tolerance of trustworthiness of trusted individuals and group.The simulation shows that this scheme can support behavior measurement more efficiently than traditional ones and the model resists viruses and Trojans more efficiently than older ones.展开更多
Behavior-based autonomous systems rely on human intelligence to resolve multi-mission conflicts by designing mission priority rules and nonlinear controllers.In this work,a novel twolayer reinforcement learning behavi...Behavior-based autonomous systems rely on human intelligence to resolve multi-mission conflicts by designing mission priority rules and nonlinear controllers.In this work,a novel twolayer reinforcement learning behavioral control(RLBC)method is proposed to reduce such dependence by trial-and-error learning.Specifically,in the upper layer,a reinforcement learning mission supervisor(RLMS)is designed to learn the optimal mission priority.Compared with existing mission supervisors,the RLMS improves the dynamic performance of mission priority adjustment by maximizing cumulative rewards and reducing hardware storage demand when using neural networks.In the lower layer,a reinforcement learning controller(RLC)is designed to learn the optimal control policy.Compared with existing behavioral controllers,the RLC reduces the control cost of mission priority adjustment by balancing control performance and consumption.All error signals are proved to be semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded(SGUUB).Simulation results show that the number of mission priority adjustment and the control cost are significantly reduced compared to some existing mission supervisors and behavioral controllers,respectively.展开更多
Aβ-solidifying Ti-40 Al-9 V-0.5 Y(at.%)alloy with a high cracking sensitivity has been successfully fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM)in this study.The influence factors for cracking sensitivity,cracking beha...Aβ-solidifying Ti-40 Al-9 V-0.5 Y(at.%)alloy with a high cracking sensitivity has been successfully fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM)in this study.The influence factors for cracking sensitivity,cracking behavior and crack inhibition mechanism were investigated.The results show that the effects of process parameters on cracking sensitivity strongly depend on the cooling rate in molten pool with different heat transfer modes.The conduction mode with higher cooling rates exhibits a higher cracking sensitivity in comparison to the keyhole mode.Microstructure characteristics and phase transformations controlled by cooling rate determine the inherent ductility ofβ-solidifyingγ-Ti Al alloys during SLM.On this basis,the formation and inhibition mechanism of solidification and cold cracking are proposed.Finally,the crackfree Ti-40 Al-9 V-0.5 Y sample with fine equiaxed microstructures and favorable mechanical properties(microhardness of 542±19 HV,yield strength of 1871±12 MPa,ultimate strength of 2106±13 MPa and ultimate compressive strain of 10.89±0.57%)can be produced by SLM.The strengthening mechanism can be attributed to grain refinement and precipitation strengthening.展开更多
In this paper, a fuzzy behavior-based approach for a three wheeled omnidirectional mobile robot(TWOMR) navigation has been proposed. The robot has to track either static or dynamic target while avoiding either static ...In this paper, a fuzzy behavior-based approach for a three wheeled omnidirectional mobile robot(TWOMR) navigation has been proposed. The robot has to track either static or dynamic target while avoiding either static or dynamic obstacles along its path. A simple controller design is adopted, and to do so, two fuzzy behaviors "Track the Target" and "Avoid Obstacles and Wall Following" are considered based on reduced rule bases(six and five rules respectively). This strategy employs a system of five ultrasonic sensors which provide the necessary information about obstacles in the environment. Simulation platform was designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
Increasing attention has been paid to air pollution control （APC） residues in China recently due to the rising proportion of waste incineration and the hazardous characteristics of the residues, among which heavy me...Increasing attention has been paid to air pollution control （APC） residues in China recently due to the rising proportion of waste incineration and the hazardous characteristics of the residues, among which heavy metal leaching toxicity plays an important role. Leaching behavior and potential risk of Pb and Zn in the APC residues from a Shanghai municipal solid waste （MSW） incinerator was studied, based on the leaching tests under different conditions and theoretical calculation using a geochemical thermodynamic equilibrium model MINTEQA2. Results showed that, extractant species and liquid to solid （L/S） ratio predominantly controlled the leaching toxicity of Pb and Zn, while ionic strength, vibration method and leaching time had less effect on the metals release. Leachate/final pH determined the metal leaching behavior, which changed the speciation of heavy metals in the extraction system. The equilibrium aqueous speciation, precipitation-dissolution of Pb and Zn was investigated according to the model computation, which was well in agreement with the experimental results.展开更多
Highly efficient and stable hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes （HWOLEDs） with a mixed bipolar interlayer between fluorescent blue and phosphorescent yellow emitting layers are demonstrated. The bipolar inter...Highly efficient and stable hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes （HWOLEDs） with a mixed bipolar interlayer between fluorescent blue and phosphorescent yellow emitting layers are demonstrated. The bipolar interlayer is a mixture of p-type diphenyl （l0-phenyl-lOH-spiro [acridine-9,9＇-fluoren]-3Lyl） phosphine oxide and n-type 2＇,2- （1,3,5-benzinetriyl）-tris（1-phenyl-l-H-benzimidazole）. The electroluminance and Commission Internationale de l＇Eclairage （CIE1931） coordinates＇ characteristics can be modulated easily by adjusting the ratio of the hole- predominated material to the electron-predominated material in the interlayer. The hybrid WOLED with a p-type：n-type ratio of 1：3 shows a maximum current efficiency and power efficiency of 61.1 ed/A and 55.8 lm/W, respectively, with warm white CIE coordinates of （0.34, 0.43）. The excellent efficiency and adaptive CIE coordi- nates are attributed to the mixed interlayer with improved charge carrier balance, optimized exciton distribution, and enhanced harvesting of singlet and triplet excitons.展开更多
This paper discusses and compares some common architectures used inautonomous mobile robotics. Then it describes a behavior-based autonomous mobile robot that wasimplemented successfully in the Robotics Lab of the Dep...This paper discusses and compares some common architectures used inautonomous mobile robotics. Then it describes a behavior-based autonomous mobile robot that wasimplemented successfully in the Robotics Lab of the Department of Precision Mechanical Engineering.Fuzzy controller was used to implement the emergency behavior, the behaviors arbitration wasimplemented using the subsumption architecture. In an unknown dynamic indoor environment, the robotachieved real-time obstacle avoidance properties that are cruel for mobile robotics.展开更多
Effortful control (EC) is a temperamental self-regulatory capacity, defined as the efficiency of executive attention [1], which is related to individual differences in self-regulation. Although effortful control cover...Effortful control (EC) is a temperamental self-regulatory capacity, defined as the efficiency of executive attention [1], which is related to individual differences in self-regulation. Although effortful control covers some dispositional self-regulatory abilities important to cope with social demands of successful adaptation to school, such as attention regulation, individual differences in EC have recently been associated with school functioning through academic achievement including the efficient use of learning-related behaviors, which have been found to be a necessary precursor of learning and they refer to a set of children’s behaviors that involve organizational skills and appropriate habits of study. Therefore, the aim of this study is to review the literature on EC’s relationship to academic achievement via learning-related behaviors, which reflect the use of metacognitive control processes in kindergarten and elementary school students. The findings indicate that EC affects academic achievement through the facilitation of the efficient use of metacognitive control processes.展开更多
Firstly,an analysis is made from the point of view of sociology on traditional modeling logic of prevention and control of adolescents' deviant behavior in rural community,and maintenance and reproduction of this ...Firstly,an analysis is made from the point of view of sociology on traditional modeling logic of prevention and control of adolescents' deviant behavior in rural community,and maintenance and reproduction of this model.The traditional prevention and control model of adolescents' deviant behavior in rural community is diversity-orderly pattern prevention and control system.This system is based on natural economy,especially on agricultural economy."Supervision by public opinion and moral imitation" is the basic operation logic of this system.It contains a compensation mechanism of "bringing up children for the purpose of being looked after in old age" and "favor returning".Then,deconstruction of traditional prevention and control model for adolescents' deviant behavior in rural community is analyzed.Along with advance in rural modern democratic management and legal construction and growing of rural market economy,function of traditional diversity-orderly pattern of prevention and control of adolescents' deviate behavior in rural community is weak and weak in prevention and control of modern rural adolescents' deviant behavior.Finally,modeling ideas of new(coordinative) prevention and control of rural adolescents' deviant behavior are put forward from four aspects,namely,democracy and legal system,community,family and various rural adolescent admittance organizations.展开更多
Theoretical consideration was conducted on a relation between pore diameter and interfacialarea between pores and fibers when pores uniforinly distribute in C/C composites. It was shownthat bonding at the fiber/matrix...Theoretical consideration was conducted on a relation between pore diameter and interfacialarea between pores and fibers when pores uniforinly distribute in C/C composites. It was shownthat bonding at the fiber/matrix interface apparently decreased with decreasing a pore diameter,and consequently a new idea of microspace modification concept was proposed for controllingfracture behavior of C/C composites. Four types of C/C composites with various pore structureswere fabricated by hot-pressing, and their fracture behavior was investigated by three pointbending tests. The fracture behavior of the C/C composites was changed from brittle one topseudo ductile one with decreasing the pore diameter. This result supported the validity of themicrospace modification concept proposed in this paper.展开更多
While animal models of controlled cortical impact often display short-term motor dysfunction after injury, histological examinations do not show severe cortical damage. Thus, this model requires further improvement. M...While animal models of controlled cortical impact often display short-term motor dysfunction after injury, histological examinations do not show severe cortical damage. Thus, this model requires further improvement. Mice were subjected to injury at three severities using a Pin-Point^(TM)-controlled cortical impact device to establish secondary brain injury mouse models. Twenty-four hours after injury, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were performed for brain slices. Compared to the uninjured side, we observed differences of histopathological findings, neuronal degeneration, and glial cell number in the CA2 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus on the injured side. The Morris water maze task and beam-walking test verified long-term(14–28 days) spatial learning/memory and motor balance. To conclude, the histopathological responses were positively correlated with the degree of damage,as were the long-term behavioral manifestations after controlled cortical impact. All animal procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.展开更多
The management of eating behavior plays an important role in health maintenance. In this study, we investigated the relationship between eating behavior and effortful control in female young adults. Participants compl...The management of eating behavior plays an important role in health maintenance. In this study, we investigated the relationship between eating behavior and effortful control in female young adults. Participants completed the questionnaire measures of effortful control and eating behaviors and Stroop cognitive interference task. The results showed that restrained eating was positively correlated with activation control;emotional eating was negatively correlated with inhibitory control and attentional control;external eating was negatively correlated with inhibitory, activation, and attentional control. The scores for activation control and restrained eating were higher for participants with a low Stroop error rate than for those with a high Stroop error rate. These results indicate that restrained eating has a different association with effortful control than doing emotional and external eating.展开更多
Under the principal-agent relationship, there are two major factors that directly affect subsidiary strategy’s implementation and performance—enterprise groups’ internal interactive control and subsidiary managers...Under the principal-agent relationship, there are two major factors that directly affect subsidiary strategy’s implementation and performance—enterprise groups’ internal interactive control and subsidiary managers’ strategic behavior. Prior research showed that the parent companies hope their subsidiary managers to be obedient and active, i.e. to keep a high degree of strategic identity and subsidiary initiative. We build and analyze a model to test the mediating role of strategic identity and subsidiary initiative based on data collected from Chinese groups. The results show that interactive control, strategic identity and subsidiary initiative all could improve subsidiary performance, furthermore, subsidiary initiative is a mediator between decision-making decentralization and subsidiary performance, and also a mediator between horizontal communication and subsidiary performance, the mediating role of strategic identity is not tested, but vertical communication can improve strategic identity. In the conclusions, we provide guidance on how parent companies to choose excellent subsidiary managers, and then how to develop a suite interactive control system.展开更多
Purpose: Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and impulse control disorders (ICDs) are common in subjects with Parkinson’s disease. The association between these two conditions has been contradictory. The...Purpose: Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and impulse control disorders (ICDs) are common in subjects with Parkinson’s disease. The association between these two conditions has been contradictory. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between these two non-motor symptoms. Methods: Consecutive subjects with Parkinson’s disease attending the Movement Disorders Outpatient Clinic were included. The presence of ICDs was assessed using the Questionnaire for Impulse Control Disorders Rating Scale. RBD was diagnosed by an overnight, single night polysomnography. Results: Fifty-five consecutive subjects with Parkinson’s disease were included. The prevalence of ICDs and related behaviors was 23.6% (ICD in 14.5% and related behaviors in 9.1%). RBD was diagnosed in 47.2% of the patients. No differences were found in the frequency of ICDs and related behaviors when comparing subjects with and without RBD (23% versus 24.1%, p = 0.926, respectively). Conclusion: No association between the presence of RBD and the frequency of ICDs in subjects with Parkinson’s disease was found.展开更多
The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy in clinical symptoms, anger control and emotional regulation of bully children. This research is a pretest-posttest quasi-experim...The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy in clinical symptoms, anger control and emotional regulation of bully children. This research is a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study design with a nonequivalent control group. The research sample comprises 24 bully children who were purposefully selected from among the students who had responded positively to the researcher’s call. The participants were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. Group therapy intervention was conducted on the experimental group during ten sessions. The tools applied in this study consisted of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire by Garnefski et al., State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory by Spielberger and Bullying Scale by Illinois, Espelage and Holt and the subjects answered to their questions in the stage of pretest and posttest. In this research, the data was analyzed based on the analysis of covariance test and with the aid of SPSS software. The findings demonstrated that dialectical behavior therapy has a significant impact on clinical symptoms, anger control and its components and emotional regulation and its components (P < 0.01).展开更多
This study investigates the prevalence of HIV high-risk behaviors among university students in S City, Sichuan Province. Using a sampling survey method, a total of 3262 valid questionnaires were collected. Data analys...This study investigates the prevalence of HIV high-risk behaviors among university students in S City, Sichuan Province. Using a sampling survey method, a total of 3262 valid questionnaires were collected. Data analysis revealed ten significant issues related to HIV risk behaviors among university students, leading to suggested intervention strategies to address these behaviors.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the factors influencing physicians’intentions to use Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)to treat coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).METHODS:A cross-sectional,self-report online survey was conducted...OBJECTIVE:To explore the factors influencing physicians’intentions to use Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)to treat coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).METHODS:A cross-sectional,self-report online survey was conducted from March 16,2020,to April 2,2020,in China.Participants were recruited through convenience and snowball sampling.Data were collected by using a self-designed questionnaire based on the Theory of Planned Behavior.Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis.RESULTS:A total of 494 physicians were enrolled in this study.Overall,the model explained 75.4%and 75.5%of the total variance in intention and attitude,respectively.Specifically,attitudes(β=0.467,P<0.001),past behavior(β=0.384,P<0.05),subjective norms(SN)(β=0.177,P<0.001),and perceived behavioral control(PBC)(β=0.133,P<0.05)significantly affected physicians’intention to use TCM.Cognition(β=0.606,P<0.001)and PBC(β=0.569,P<0.01)significantly influenced physicians’attitudes toward using TCM.SN(β=0.064,P=0.263)was not a factor affecting attitude.CONCLUSION:Physicians’intention to use TCM was significantly associated with attitude,past behavior,PBC,and SN.The findings may not only be useful for understanding the influencing factors and paths of physicians’intention to use TCM to treat COVID-19 but also provide a reference for health authorities and policymakers to promote physicians to utilize TCM.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Basic Research Pro-gram of China under Crant No.2007CB311100 Funds of Key Lab of Fujlan Province University Network Security and Cryp- toll1009+3 种基金 the National Science Foundation for Young Scholars of China under Crant No.61001091 Beijing Nature Science Foundation under Crant No. 4122012 ＂Next-Generation Broad-band Wireless Mobile Communication Network＂ National Sci-ence and Technology Major Special Issue Funding under Grant No. 2012ZX03002003 Funding Program for Academic tturmn Resources Development in Institutions of Higher Learning Under the Jurisdiction of Beijing Municipality of Chi-na.
文摘In order to construct the trusted network and realize the trust of network behavior,a new multi-dimensional behavior measurement model based on prediction and control is presented.By using behavior predictive equation,individual similarity function,group similarity function,direct trust assessment function,and generalized predictive control,this model can guarantee the trust of an end user and users in its network.Compared with traditional measurement model,the model considers different characteristics of various networks.The trusted measurement policies established according to different network environments have better adaptability.By constructing trusted group,the threats to trusted group will be reduced greatly.Utilizing trusted group to restrict individuals in network can ensure the fault tolerance of trustworthiness of trusted individuals and group.The simulation shows that this scheme can support behavior measurement more efficiently than traditional ones and the model resists viruses and Trojans more efficiently than older ones.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61603094)。
文摘Behavior-based autonomous systems rely on human intelligence to resolve multi-mission conflicts by designing mission priority rules and nonlinear controllers.In this work,a novel twolayer reinforcement learning behavioral control(RLBC)method is proposed to reduce such dependence by trial-and-error learning.Specifically,in the upper layer,a reinforcement learning mission supervisor(RLMS)is designed to learn the optimal mission priority.Compared with existing mission supervisors,the RLMS improves the dynamic performance of mission priority adjustment by maximizing cumulative rewards and reducing hardware storage demand when using neural networks.In the lower layer,a reinforcement learning controller(RLC)is designed to learn the optimal control policy.Compared with existing behavioral controllers,the RLC reduces the control cost of mission priority adjustment by balancing control performance and consumption.All error signals are proved to be semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded(SGUUB).Simulation results show that the number of mission priority adjustment and the control cost are significantly reduced compared to some existing mission supervisors and behavioral controllers,respectively.
基金supported financially by the Pre-research Fund Project of Ministry of Equipment and Development of China(No.61409230301)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities through Program no.2019kfyXMPY005 and no.2019kfyXKJC042.
文摘Aβ-solidifying Ti-40 Al-9 V-0.5 Y(at.%)alloy with a high cracking sensitivity has been successfully fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM)in this study.The influence factors for cracking sensitivity,cracking behavior and crack inhibition mechanism were investigated.The results show that the effects of process parameters on cracking sensitivity strongly depend on the cooling rate in molten pool with different heat transfer modes.The conduction mode with higher cooling rates exhibits a higher cracking sensitivity in comparison to the keyhole mode.Microstructure characteristics and phase transformations controlled by cooling rate determine the inherent ductility ofβ-solidifyingγ-Ti Al alloys during SLM.On this basis,the formation and inhibition mechanism of solidification and cold cracking are proposed.Finally,the crackfree Ti-40 Al-9 V-0.5 Y sample with fine equiaxed microstructures and favorable mechanical properties(microhardness of 542±19 HV,yield strength of 1871±12 MPa,ultimate strength of 2106±13 MPa and ultimate compressive strain of 10.89±0.57%)can be produced by SLM.The strengthening mechanism can be attributed to grain refinement and precipitation strengthening.
文摘In this paper, a fuzzy behavior-based approach for a three wheeled omnidirectional mobile robot(TWOMR) navigation has been proposed. The robot has to track either static or dynamic target while avoiding either static or dynamic obstacles along its path. A simple controller design is adopted, and to do so, two fuzzy behaviors "Track the Target" and "Avoid Obstacles and Wall Following" are considered based on reduced rule bases(six and five rules respectively). This strategy employs a system of five ultrasonic sensors which provide the necessary information about obstacles in the environment. Simulation platform was designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
基金The Key Project of Shanghai Council of Science and Technology(No. 032312043)
文摘Increasing attention has been paid to air pollution control （APC） residues in China recently due to the rising proportion of waste incineration and the hazardous characteristics of the residues, among which heavy metal leaching toxicity plays an important role. Leaching behavior and potential risk of Pb and Zn in the APC residues from a Shanghai municipal solid waste （MSW） incinerator was studied, based on the leaching tests under different conditions and theoretical calculation using a geochemical thermodynamic equilibrium model MINTEQA2. Results showed that, extractant species and liquid to solid （L/S） ratio predominantly controlled the leaching toxicity of Pb and Zn, while ionic strength, vibration method and leaching time had less effect on the metals release. Leachate/final pH determined the metal leaching behavior, which changed the speciation of heavy metals in the extraction system. The equilibrium aqueous speciation, precipitation-dissolution of Pb and Zn was investigated according to the model computation, which was well in agreement with the experimental results.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 91441201
文摘Highly efficient and stable hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes （HWOLEDs） with a mixed bipolar interlayer between fluorescent blue and phosphorescent yellow emitting layers are demonstrated. The bipolar interlayer is a mixture of p-type diphenyl （l0-phenyl-lOH-spiro [acridine-9,9＇-fluoren]-3Lyl） phosphine oxide and n-type 2＇,2- （1,3,5-benzinetriyl）-tris（1-phenyl-l-H-benzimidazole）. The electroluminance and Commission Internationale de l＇Eclairage （CIE1931） coordinates＇ characteristics can be modulated easily by adjusting the ratio of the hole- predominated material to the electron-predominated material in the interlayer. The hybrid WOLED with a p-type：n-type ratio of 1：3 shows a maximum current efficiency and power efficiency of 61.1 ed/A and 55.8 lm/W, respectively, with warm white CIE coordinates of （0.34, 0.43）. The excellent efficiency and adaptive CIE coordi- nates are attributed to the mixed interlayer with improved charge carrier balance, optimized exciton distribution, and enhanced harvesting of singlet and triplet excitons.
文摘This paper discusses and compares some common architectures used inautonomous mobile robotics. Then it describes a behavior-based autonomous mobile robot that wasimplemented successfully in the Robotics Lab of the Department of Precision Mechanical Engineering.Fuzzy controller was used to implement the emergency behavior, the behaviors arbitration wasimplemented using the subsumption architecture. In an unknown dynamic indoor environment, the robotachieved real-time obstacle avoidance properties that are cruel for mobile robotics.
文摘Effortful control (EC) is a temperamental self-regulatory capacity, defined as the efficiency of executive attention [1], which is related to individual differences in self-regulation. Although effortful control covers some dispositional self-regulatory abilities important to cope with social demands of successful adaptation to school, such as attention regulation, individual differences in EC have recently been associated with school functioning through academic achievement including the efficient use of learning-related behaviors, which have been found to be a necessary precursor of learning and they refer to a set of children’s behaviors that involve organizational skills and appropriate habits of study. Therefore, the aim of this study is to review the literature on EC’s relationship to academic achievement via learning-related behaviors, which reflect the use of metacognitive control processes in kindergarten and elementary school students. The findings indicate that EC affects academic achievement through the facilitation of the efficient use of metacognitive control processes.
文摘Firstly,an analysis is made from the point of view of sociology on traditional modeling logic of prevention and control of adolescents' deviant behavior in rural community,and maintenance and reproduction of this model.The traditional prevention and control model of adolescents' deviant behavior in rural community is diversity-orderly pattern prevention and control system.This system is based on natural economy,especially on agricultural economy."Supervision by public opinion and moral imitation" is the basic operation logic of this system.It contains a compensation mechanism of "bringing up children for the purpose of being looked after in old age" and "favor returning".Then,deconstruction of traditional prevention and control model for adolescents' deviant behavior in rural community is analyzed.Along with advance in rural modern democratic management and legal construction and growing of rural market economy,function of traditional diversity-orderly pattern of prevention and control of adolescents' deviate behavior in rural community is weak and weak in prevention and control of modern rural adolescents' deviant behavior.Finally,modeling ideas of new(coordinative) prevention and control of rural adolescents' deviant behavior are put forward from four aspects,namely,democracy and legal system,community,family and various rural adolescent admittance organizations.
文摘Theoretical consideration was conducted on a relation between pore diameter and interfacialarea between pores and fibers when pores uniforinly distribute in C/C composites. It was shownthat bonding at the fiber/matrix interface apparently decreased with decreasing a pore diameter,and consequently a new idea of microspace modification concept was proposed for controllingfracture behavior of C/C composites. Four types of C/C composites with various pore structureswere fabricated by hot-pressing, and their fracture behavior was investigated by three pointbending tests. The fracture behavior of the C/C composites was changed from brittle one topseudo ductile one with decreasing the pore diameter. This result supported the validity of themicrospace modification concept proposed in this paper.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81771332,81571184,81070990(all to CLZ)the Shanghai Key Medical Discipline for Critical Care Medicine of China,No.2017zz02017(to CLZ)+1 种基金the Key Discipline Construction Project of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai of China,No.PWZxk2017-23,PWYgf2018-05(both to CLZ)the Outstanding Leaders Training Program of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai of China,No.PWR12018-07(to CLZ)
文摘While animal models of controlled cortical impact often display short-term motor dysfunction after injury, histological examinations do not show severe cortical damage. Thus, this model requires further improvement. Mice were subjected to injury at three severities using a Pin-Point^(TM)-controlled cortical impact device to establish secondary brain injury mouse models. Twenty-four hours after injury, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were performed for brain slices. Compared to the uninjured side, we observed differences of histopathological findings, neuronal degeneration, and glial cell number in the CA2 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus on the injured side. The Morris water maze task and beam-walking test verified long-term(14–28 days) spatial learning/memory and motor balance. To conclude, the histopathological responses were positively correlated with the degree of damage,as were the long-term behavioral manifestations after controlled cortical impact. All animal procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.
文摘The management of eating behavior plays an important role in health maintenance. In this study, we investigated the relationship between eating behavior and effortful control in female young adults. Participants completed the questionnaire measures of effortful control and eating behaviors and Stroop cognitive interference task. The results showed that restrained eating was positively correlated with activation control;emotional eating was negatively correlated with inhibitory control and attentional control;external eating was negatively correlated with inhibitory, activation, and attentional control. The scores for activation control and restrained eating were higher for participants with a low Stroop error rate than for those with a high Stroop error rate. These results indicate that restrained eating has a different association with effortful control than doing emotional and external eating.
文摘Under the principal-agent relationship, there are two major factors that directly affect subsidiary strategy’s implementation and performance—enterprise groups’ internal interactive control and subsidiary managers’ strategic behavior. Prior research showed that the parent companies hope their subsidiary managers to be obedient and active, i.e. to keep a high degree of strategic identity and subsidiary initiative. We build and analyze a model to test the mediating role of strategic identity and subsidiary initiative based on data collected from Chinese groups. The results show that interactive control, strategic identity and subsidiary initiative all could improve subsidiary performance, furthermore, subsidiary initiative is a mediator between decision-making decentralization and subsidiary performance, and also a mediator between horizontal communication and subsidiary performance, the mediating role of strategic identity is not tested, but vertical communication can improve strategic identity. In the conclusions, we provide guidance on how parent companies to choose excellent subsidiary managers, and then how to develop a suite interactive control system.
文摘Purpose: Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and impulse control disorders (ICDs) are common in subjects with Parkinson’s disease. The association between these two conditions has been contradictory. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between these two non-motor symptoms. Methods: Consecutive subjects with Parkinson’s disease attending the Movement Disorders Outpatient Clinic were included. The presence of ICDs was assessed using the Questionnaire for Impulse Control Disorders Rating Scale. RBD was diagnosed by an overnight, single night polysomnography. Results: Fifty-five consecutive subjects with Parkinson’s disease were included. The prevalence of ICDs and related behaviors was 23.6% (ICD in 14.5% and related behaviors in 9.1%). RBD was diagnosed in 47.2% of the patients. No differences were found in the frequency of ICDs and related behaviors when comparing subjects with and without RBD (23% versus 24.1%, p = 0.926, respectively). Conclusion: No association between the presence of RBD and the frequency of ICDs in subjects with Parkinson’s disease was found.
文摘The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy in clinical symptoms, anger control and emotional regulation of bully children. This research is a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study design with a nonequivalent control group. The research sample comprises 24 bully children who were purposefully selected from among the students who had responded positively to the researcher’s call. The participants were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. Group therapy intervention was conducted on the experimental group during ten sessions. The tools applied in this study consisted of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire by Garnefski et al., State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory by Spielberger and Bullying Scale by Illinois, Espelage and Holt and the subjects answered to their questions in the stage of pretest and posttest. In this research, the data was analyzed based on the analysis of covariance test and with the aid of SPSS software. The findings demonstrated that dialectical behavior therapy has a significant impact on clinical symptoms, anger control and its components and emotional regulation and its components (P < 0.01).
文摘This study investigates the prevalence of HIV high-risk behaviors among university students in S City, Sichuan Province. Using a sampling survey method, a total of 3262 valid questionnaires were collected. Data analysis revealed ten significant issues related to HIV risk behaviors among university students, leading to suggested intervention strategies to address these behaviors.
基金Supported by National Social Science Fund of National Emergency Management System Construction Research Project:Research on the Management Mechanism of Integrating Traditional and Western Medicine to Responsed to Major Epidemic(No.20VYJ069)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the factors influencing physicians’intentions to use Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)to treat coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).METHODS:A cross-sectional,self-report online survey was conducted from March 16,2020,to April 2,2020,in China.Participants were recruited through convenience and snowball sampling.Data were collected by using a self-designed questionnaire based on the Theory of Planned Behavior.Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis.RESULTS:A total of 494 physicians were enrolled in this study.Overall,the model explained 75.4%and 75.5%of the total variance in intention and attitude,respectively.Specifically,attitudes(β=0.467,P<0.001),past behavior(β=0.384,P<0.05),subjective norms(SN)(β=0.177,P<0.001),and perceived behavioral control(PBC)(β=0.133,P<0.05)significantly affected physicians’intention to use TCM.Cognition(β=0.606,P<0.001)and PBC(β=0.569,P<0.01)significantly influenced physicians’attitudes toward using TCM.SN(β=0.064,P=0.263)was not a factor affecting attitude.CONCLUSION:Physicians’intention to use TCM was significantly associated with attitude,past behavior,PBC,and SN.The findings may not only be useful for understanding the influencing factors and paths of physicians’intention to use TCM to treat COVID-19 but also provide a reference for health authorities and policymakers to promote physicians to utilize TCM.
