Mountain lakes represent essential stages for aquatic species on their way colonizing habitats of more elevated regions. Despite extensive biological and chemical study, only little has been reported about the species...Mountain lakes represent essential stages for aquatic species on their way colonizing habitats of more elevated regions. Despite extensive biological and chemical study, only little has been reported about the species number and density of freshwater molluscs in these waters. The article presented here elucidates the dispersal of aquatic gastropods and bivalves in 12 mountain lakes that are commonly situated in the Eastern Alps, Austria. Molluscs were recorded at 120 sample points, where a total of 13 species （8 gastropods and 5 bivalves） could be determined. Species distribution data as well as results from contemporarily conducted physico-chemical factor recording were subject to weighted average analysis. In addition, a global marginality coefficient indicating the particularity of a habitat inhabited by a focal species as well as a global tolerance coefficient expressing the width of a niche occupied by this species were computed. Species-environment relationships exhibited that species number and specific density decrease with increasing geographic altitude, declining water temperature, and decreasing amount of submerged vegetation. Whilst waters of the montane altitude level are partly charcterized by high number of mollusc species （〉 10）, lakes of the subalpine altitude level commonly bear 1 or 2 species with 〈〈1 ind./mz. As proposed by the results of statistics, 9 of the 13 mollusc species are characterized by a pronounced behaviour as specialists with respect to most environmental factors. The four remaining species, Pisidium casertanum, Galba truncatula, Radix labiata, and Radix balthica, act as generalists which increases their pioneering role in the long-term occupation of the Central-alpine region.展开更多
In this study, we analyzed the gravity and, magnetic characteristics, and the occurrence of a fault zone and discussed the relationships between the two locations. The results reveal that the subsurface structures str...In this study, we analyzed the gravity and, magnetic characteristics, and the occurrence of a fault zone and discussed the relationships between the two locations. The results reveal that the subsurface structures strikes are different compared with those in the research region. In other words, the geophysical advantageous directions from the gravity and magnetic anomalies are not the same as those caused by the surface structures. The local horizontal gradient results from the gravity and magnetic anomalies show that the majority of earthquakes occur along an intense fault zone, which is a zone of abrupt gravity and negative magnetic change, where the shapes match very well. From the distribution of earthquakes in this area, we find that it has experienced more than 11 earthquake events with magnitude larger than Ms7.0. In addition, water development sites such as Jinshajiang, Lancangjiang, and the Red River and Pearl River watersheds have been hit ten times by earthquakes of this magnitude. It is observed that strong earthquakes occur frequently in the Holocene active fault zone.展开更多
Average power analysis plays a crucial role in the design of large-scale digital integrated circuits(ICs).The integration of data-driven machine learning(ML)methods into the electronic design automation(EDA)fields has...Average power analysis plays a crucial role in the design of large-scale digital integrated circuits(ICs).The integration of data-driven machine learning(ML)methods into the electronic design automation(EDA)fields has increased the demand for extensive datasets.To address this need,we propose a novel pseudo-circuit generation algorithm rooted in graph topology.This algorithm efficiently produces a multitude of power analysis examples by converting randomly generated directed acyclic graphs(DAGs)into gate-level Verilog pseudo-combinational circuit netlists.The subsequent introduction of register units transforms pseudo-combinational netlists into pseudo-sequential circuit netlists.Hyperparameters facilitate the control of circuit topology,while appropriate sequential constraints are applied during synthesis to yield a pseudo-circuit dataset.We evaluate our approach using the mainstream power analysis software,conducting pre-layout average power tests on the generated circuits,comparing their performance against benchmark datasets,and verifying the results through circuit topology complexity analysis and static timing analysis(STA).The results confirm the effectiveness of the dataset,and demonstrate the operational efficiency and robustness of the algorithm,underscoring its research value.展开更多
Actinidia arguta fruit is famous for its nutritional value,and we can eat the whole fruit with seeds.However,the nutrition of the seeds has yet to be systematically studied,while the value of seeds as by-products of p...Actinidia arguta fruit is famous for its nutritional value,and we can eat the whole fruit with seeds.However,the nutrition of the seeds has yet to be systematically studied,while the value of seeds as by-products of processed products is worth exploring.besides,the nutritional composition in distinct germplasms has not been reported.in this study,the nutritional indexes of 39 germplasms A.arguta seeds,including fatty acids,amino acids,minerals,phenolic,flavonoids,and starch had been compared and the correlations of these nutrition also had been explored.The results provided that A.arguta seeds were rich in nutrition.Eight fatty acids were found and the ω-6/ω-3 ratio was 0.07 to 2.01.The total amino acid contents ranged from 9.25 to 29.45 mg/100 g.The largest major mineral element was magnesium(216.62-42117.22 mg/kg),and the largest trace mineral element was iron(13.05-1326.48 mg/kg).The phenolic,flavonoids,and starch contents were 1.33−5.82 mg/g,0.41−0.87 mg/g,11.29%-31.93%,respectively.There were correlations among nutritional indexes,which had significant differences in 39 germplasms of A.arguta seeds.in order to assess comprehensive nutrition,using the weighted average score system and one germplasm,CJ No.1,with superior nutritional quality,was identified.The results of this study will enrich the research content of A.arguta seed,provide theoretical guidance for A.arguta seed to become a dietary supplement,reduce the production and processing waste,and promote the development of A.arguta processing industry.展开更多
For surface runoff estimation in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model,the curve number(CN)procedure is commonly adopted to calculate surface runoff by dynamically updating CN values based on antecedent soil m...For surface runoff estimation in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model,the curve number(CN)procedure is commonly adopted to calculate surface runoff by dynamically updating CN values based on antecedent soil moisture condition(SCSI)in field.From SWAT2005 and onward,an alternative approach has become available to apply the CN method by relating the runoff potential to daily evapotranspiration(SCSII).While improved runoff prediction with SCSII has been reported in several case studies,few investigations have been made on its influence to water quality output or on the model uncertainty associated with the SCSII method.The objectives of the research were:(1)to quantify the improvements in hydrologic and water quality predictions obtained through different surface runoff estimation techniques;and(2)to examine how model uncertainty is affected by combining different surface runoff estimation techniques within SWAT using Bayesian model averaging(BMA).Applications of BMA provide an alternative approach to investigate the nature of structural uncertainty associated with both CN methods.Results showed that SCSII and BMA associated approaches exhibit improved performance in both discharge and total NO3 predictions compared to SCSI.In addition,the application of BMA has a positive effect on finding well performed solutions in the multi-dimensional parameter space,but the predictive uncertainty is not evidently reduced or enhanced.Therefore,we recommend additional future SWAT calibration/validation research with an emphasis on the impact of SCSII on the prediction of other pollutants.展开更多
文摘Mountain lakes represent essential stages for aquatic species on their way colonizing habitats of more elevated regions. Despite extensive biological and chemical study, only little has been reported about the species number and density of freshwater molluscs in these waters. The article presented here elucidates the dispersal of aquatic gastropods and bivalves in 12 mountain lakes that are commonly situated in the Eastern Alps, Austria. Molluscs were recorded at 120 sample points, where a total of 13 species （8 gastropods and 5 bivalves） could be determined. Species distribution data as well as results from contemporarily conducted physico-chemical factor recording were subject to weighted average analysis. In addition, a global marginality coefficient indicating the particularity of a habitat inhabited by a focal species as well as a global tolerance coefficient expressing the width of a niche occupied by this species were computed. Species-environment relationships exhibited that species number and specific density decrease with increasing geographic altitude, declining water temperature, and decreasing amount of submerged vegetation. Whilst waters of the montane altitude level are partly charcterized by high number of mollusc species （〉 10）, lakes of the subalpine altitude level commonly bear 1 or 2 species with 〈〈1 ind./mz. As proposed by the results of statistics, 9 of the 13 mollusc species are characterized by a pronounced behaviour as specialists with respect to most environmental factors. The four remaining species, Pisidium casertanum, Galba truncatula, Radix labiata, and Radix balthica, act as generalists which increases their pioneering role in the long-term occupation of the Central-alpine region.
基金supported by the Chinese Earthquake Administration,Institute of Seismology Foundation(IS201326126)Chinese earthquake scientific array exploration northern section of North South Seismic Belt gravity profile Foundation(201308011)
文摘In this study, we analyzed the gravity and, magnetic characteristics, and the occurrence of a fault zone and discussed the relationships between the two locations. The results reveal that the subsurface structures strikes are different compared with those in the research region. In other words, the geophysical advantageous directions from the gravity and magnetic anomalies are not the same as those caused by the surface structures. The local horizontal gradient results from the gravity and magnetic anomalies show that the majority of earthquakes occur along an intense fault zone, which is a zone of abrupt gravity and negative magnetic change, where the shapes match very well. From the distribution of earthquakes in this area, we find that it has experienced more than 11 earthquake events with magnitude larger than Ms7.0. In addition, water development sites such as Jinshajiang, Lancangjiang, and the Red River and Pearl River watersheds have been hit ten times by earthquakes of this magnitude. It is observed that strong earthquakes occur frequently in the Holocene active fault zone.
文摘Average power analysis plays a crucial role in the design of large-scale digital integrated circuits(ICs).The integration of data-driven machine learning(ML)methods into the electronic design automation(EDA)fields has increased the demand for extensive datasets.To address this need,we propose a novel pseudo-circuit generation algorithm rooted in graph topology.This algorithm efficiently produces a multitude of power analysis examples by converting randomly generated directed acyclic graphs(DAGs)into gate-level Verilog pseudo-combinational circuit netlists.The subsequent introduction of register units transforms pseudo-combinational netlists into pseudo-sequential circuit netlists.Hyperparameters facilitate the control of circuit topology,while appropriate sequential constraints are applied during synthesis to yield a pseudo-circuit dataset.We evaluate our approach using the mainstream power analysis software,conducting pre-layout average power tests on the generated circuits,comparing their performance against benchmark datasets,and verifying the results through circuit topology complexity analysis and static timing analysis(STA).The results confirm the effectiveness of the dataset,and demonstrate the operational efficiency and robustness of the algorithm,underscoring its research value.
基金supported by Liaoning Provincial CentralGuiding Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project(20231H6/100100003)Shenyang Science and Technology Planseed Industry Innovation Project(22-318-2-11).
文摘Actinidia arguta fruit is famous for its nutritional value,and we can eat the whole fruit with seeds.However,the nutrition of the seeds has yet to be systematically studied,while the value of seeds as by-products of processed products is worth exploring.besides,the nutritional composition in distinct germplasms has not been reported.in this study,the nutritional indexes of 39 germplasms A.arguta seeds,including fatty acids,amino acids,minerals,phenolic,flavonoids,and starch had been compared and the correlations of these nutrition also had been explored.The results provided that A.arguta seeds were rich in nutrition.Eight fatty acids were found and the ω-6/ω-3 ratio was 0.07 to 2.01.The total amino acid contents ranged from 9.25 to 29.45 mg/100 g.The largest major mineral element was magnesium(216.62-42117.22 mg/kg),and the largest trace mineral element was iron(13.05-1326.48 mg/kg).The phenolic,flavonoids,and starch contents were 1.33−5.82 mg/g,0.41−0.87 mg/g,11.29%-31.93%,respectively.There were correlations among nutritional indexes,which had significant differences in 39 germplasms of A.arguta seeds.in order to assess comprehensive nutrition,using the weighted average score system and one germplasm,CJ No.1,with superior nutritional quality,was identified.The results of this study will enrich the research content of A.arguta seed,provide theoretical guidance for A.arguta seed to become a dietary supplement,reduce the production and processing waste,and promote the development of A.arguta processing industry.
基金This study was supported in part by the US DA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture grants 2007-51130-03876,2009-51130-06038the Research Program for Agricultural Science&Technology Development(Project No.PJ008566)National Academy of Agricultural Science,Rural Development Administration,Republic of Korea,and the USDA-NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project(CEAP)-Wildlife and Cropland components.
文摘For surface runoff estimation in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model,the curve number(CN)procedure is commonly adopted to calculate surface runoff by dynamically updating CN values based on antecedent soil moisture condition(SCSI)in field.From SWAT2005 and onward,an alternative approach has become available to apply the CN method by relating the runoff potential to daily evapotranspiration(SCSII).While improved runoff prediction with SCSII has been reported in several case studies,few investigations have been made on its influence to water quality output or on the model uncertainty associated with the SCSII method.The objectives of the research were:(1)to quantify the improvements in hydrologic and water quality predictions obtained through different surface runoff estimation techniques;and(2)to examine how model uncertainty is affected by combining different surface runoff estimation techniques within SWAT using Bayesian model averaging(BMA).Applications of BMA provide an alternative approach to investigate the nature of structural uncertainty associated with both CN methods.Results showed that SCSII and BMA associated approaches exhibit improved performance in both discharge and total NO3 predictions compared to SCSI.In addition,the application of BMA has a positive effect on finding well performed solutions in the multi-dimensional parameter space,but the predictive uncertainty is not evidently reduced or enhanced.Therefore,we recommend additional future SWAT calibration/validation research with an emphasis on the impact of SCSII on the prediction of other pollutants.
