Translation is the use of one language to another language;this is expressed by the contents of the re-express.For the English-Chinese translation,the attributive clause translation is the most important.However,the E...Translation is the use of one language to another language;this is expressed by the contents of the re-express.For the English-Chinese translation,the attributive clause translation is the most important.However,the English attributive clause is divided into restrictive and non-restrictive attributive clauses.In the translation process,it should be based on its structure and meaning.To take appropriate translation,get rid of restrictions on sentence structure so that the translation is equal to the original as much as possible.In this paper,the translation skills and samples have been used to further express the attributive clause to the readers.展开更多
The attributive clause plays a significant role in E-C translation.Due to the stylistic difference in Chinese and English(Chinese is paratactic while English is hypotactic),complex English attributive clauses cannot b...The attributive clause plays a significant role in E-C translation.Due to the stylistic difference in Chinese and English(Chinese is paratactic while English is hypotactic),complex English attributive clauses cannot be translated literally as awkwardness may occur.One possible approach to coping with the problem is the adoption of‘Division’in translating long English attributive clauses.This essay provides three steps in translating complex English attributive clauses into Chinese(clarifying meaning units,restructuring and polishing)and the accompanied techniques such as amplification and omission to make the translation more readable and natural to Chinese readers.展开更多
Attributive clauses in EST often consist of complex structures and deliver a multiplicity of meanings. It will be one of challenges facing the translators to transfer the attributive clauses in EST faithfully, complet...Attributive clauses in EST often consist of complex structures and deliver a multiplicity of meanings. It will be one of challenges facing the translators to transfer the attributive clauses in EST faithfully, completely and smoothly into Chinese so that the understanding and response of the target language readers to the information produced in the translation are almost the same as that of the original language readers to the information contained in the original attributive clauses in EST, thus achieving functional equivalence of the translation. Under the direction of Nida's functional equivalence theory, this paper is dedicated to discussing the translation techniques of EST attributive clauses, and hope it benefits the translation of EST in the future.展开更多
As the applications for modeling of big data and analysis advance in scope,computational efficiency faces greater challenges in terms of storage and speed.In many practical problems,a great amount of historical data i...As the applications for modeling of big data and analysis advance in scope,computational efficiency faces greater challenges in terms of storage and speed.In many practical problems,a great amount of historical data is sequentially collected and used for online statistical modeling.For modeling sequential data,we propose a sequential linear regression method that extracts essential information from historical data.This carefully selected information is then utilized to update a model according to a sequential estimation scheme.With this technique,the earlier data no longer needs to be stored,and the sequential updating is computationally efficient in speed and storage.A weighted strategy is introduced on the current model to determine the impact of data from different periods.When compared with estimation methods that use historical data,our numerical experiments demonstrate that our solution increases the speed while decreasing the storage load.展开更多
Attribute-Based Encryption(ABE)has emerged as a fundamental access control mechanism in data sharing,enabling data owners to define flexible access policies.A critical aspect of ABE is key revocation,which plays a piv...Attribute-Based Encryption(ABE)has emerged as a fundamental access control mechanism in data sharing,enabling data owners to define flexible access policies.A critical aspect of ABE is key revocation,which plays a pivotal role in maintaining security.However,existing key revocation mechanisms face two major challenges:(1)High overhead due to ciphertext and key updates,primarily stemming from the reliance on revocation lists during attribute revocation,which increases computation and communication costs.(2)Limited universality,as many attribute revocation mechanisms are tailored to specific ABE constructions,restricting their broader applicability.To address these challenges,we propose LUAR(Lightweight and Universal Attribute Revocation),a novel revocation mechanism that leverages Intel Software Guard Extensions(SGX)while minimizing its inherent limitations.Given SGX’s constrained memory(≈90 MB in a personal computer)and susceptibility to side-channel attacks,we carefully manage its usage to reduce reliance while mitigating potential collusion risks between cloud service providers and users.To evaluate LUAR’s lightweight and universality,we integrate it with the classic BSW07 scheme,which can be seamlessly replaced with other ABE constructions.Experimental results demonstrate that LUAR enables secure attribute revocation with low computation and communication overhead.The processing time within the SGX environment remains stable at approximately 55 ms,regardless of the complexity of access policies,ensuring no additional storage or computational burden on SGX.Compared to the Hardware-based Revocable Attribute-Based Encryption(HR-ABE)scheme(IEEE S&P 2024),LUAR incurs a slightly higher computational cost within SGX;however,the overall time from initiating a data request to obtaining plaintext is shorter.As access policies grow more complex,LUAR’s advantages become increasingly evident,showcasing its superior efficiency and broader applicability.展开更多
The global monsoon system,encompassing the Asian-Australian,African,and American monsoons,sustains two-thirds of the world’s population by regulating water resources and agriculture.Monsoon anomalies pose severe risk...The global monsoon system,encompassing the Asian-Australian,African,and American monsoons,sustains two-thirds of the world’s population by regulating water resources and agriculture.Monsoon anomalies pose severe risks,including floods and droughts.Recent research associated with the implementation of the Global Monsoons Model Intercomparison Project under the umbrella of CMIP6 has advanced our understanding of its historical variability and driving mechanisms.Observational data reveal a 20th-century shift:increased rainfall pre-1950s,followed by aridification and partial recovery post-1980s,driven by both internal variability(e.g.,Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation)and external forcings(greenhouse gases,aerosols),while ENSO drives interannual variability through ocean-atmosphere interactions.Future projections under greenhouse forcing suggest long-term monsoon intensification,though regional disparities and model uncertainties persist.Models indicate robust trends but struggle to quantify extremes,where thermodynamic effects(warming-induced moisture rise)uniformly boost heavy rainfall,while dynamical shifts(circulation changes)create spatial heterogeneity.Volcanic eruptions and proposed solar radiation modification(SRM)further complicate predictions:tropical eruptions suppress monsoons,whereas high-latitude events alter cross-equatorial flows,highlighting unresolved feedbacks.The emergent constraint approach is booming in terms of correcting future projections and reducing uncertainty with respect to the global monsoons.Critical challenges remain.Model biases and sparse 20th-century observational data hinder accurate attribution.The interplay between natural variability and anthropogenic forcings,along with nonlinear extreme precipitation risks under warming,demands deeper mechanistic insights.Additionally,SRM’s regional impacts and hemispheric monsoon interactions require systematic evaluation.Addressing these gaps necessitates enhanced observational networks,refined climate models,and interdisciplinary efforts to disentangle multiscale drivers,ultimately improving resilience strategies for monsoon-dependent regions.展开更多
Knee osteoarthritis(KOA),characterized by heterogeneous arthritic manifestations and complex peripheral joint disorder,is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide,which has become a high burden due to the mul...Knee osteoarthritis(KOA),characterized by heterogeneous arthritic manifestations and complex peripheral joint disorder,is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide,which has become a high burden due to the multifactorial nature and the deficiency of available disease-modifying treatments.The application of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells(MSCs)as therapeutic drugs has provided novel treatment options for diverse degenerative and chronic diseases including KOA.However,the complexity and specificity of the“live”cells have posed challenges for MSC-based drug development and the concomitant scale-up preparation from laboratory to industrialization.For instance,despite the considerable progress in ex vivo cell culture technology for fulfilling the robust development of drug conversion and clinical trials,yet significant challenges remain in obtaining regulatory approvals.Thus,there’s an urgent need for the research and development of MSC drugs for KOA.In this review,we provide alternative solution strategies for the preparation of MSC drugs on the basis of the principle of quality by design,including designing the cell production processes,quality control,and clinical applications.In detail,we mainly focus on the quality by design method for MSC manufacturing in standard cell-culturing factories for the treatment of KOA by using the Quality Target Product Profile as a starting point to determine potential critical quality attributes and to establish relationships between critical material attributes and critical process parameters.Collectively,this review aims to meet product performance and robust process design,and should help to reduce the gap between compliant products and the production of compliant good manufacturing practice.展开更多
Extreme ozone pollution events(EOPEs)are associated with synoptic weather patterns(SWPs)and pose severe health and ecological risks.However,a systematic investigation of themeteorological causes,transport pathways,and...Extreme ozone pollution events(EOPEs)are associated with synoptic weather patterns(SWPs)and pose severe health and ecological risks.However,a systematic investigation of themeteorological causes,transport pathways,and source contributions to historical EOPEs is still lacking.In this paper,the K-means clustering method is applied to identify six dominant SWPs during the warm season in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region from 2016 to 2022.It provides an integrated analysis of the meteorological factors affecting ozone pollution in Hefei under different SWPs.Using the WRF-FLEXPART model,the transport pathways(TPPs)and geographical sources of the near-surface air masses in Hefei during EOPEs are investigated.The results reveal that Hefei experienced the highest ozone concentration(134.77±42.82μg/m^(3)),exceedance frequency(46 days(23.23%)),and proportion of EOPEs(21 instances,47.7%)under the control of peripheral subsidence of typhoon(Type 5).Regional southeast winds correlated with the ozone pollution in Hefei.During EOPEs,a high boundary layer height,solar radiation,and temperature;lowhumidity and cloud cover;and pronounced subsidence airflow occurred over Hefei and the broader YRD region.The East-South(E_S)patterns exhibited the highest frequency(28 instances,65.11%).Regarding the TPPs and geographical sources of the near-surface air masses during historical EOPEs.The YRD was the main source for land-originating air masses under E_S patterns(50.28%),with Hefei,southern Anhui,southern Jiangsu,and northern Zhejiang being key contributors.These findings can help improve ozone pollution early warning and control mechanisms at urban and regional scales.展开更多
Based on the analysis of surface geological survey,exploratory well,gravity-magnetic-electric and seismic data,and through mapping the sedimentary basin and its peripheral orogenic belts together,this paper explores s...Based on the analysis of surface geological survey,exploratory well,gravity-magnetic-electric and seismic data,and through mapping the sedimentary basin and its peripheral orogenic belts together,this paper explores systematically the boundary,distribution,geological structure,and tectonic attributes of the Ordos prototype basin in the geological historical periods.The results show that the Ordos block is bounded to the west by the Engorwusu Fault Zone,to the east by the Taihangshan Mountain Piedmont Fault Zone,to the north by the Solonker-Xilamuron Suture Zone,and to the south by the Shangnan-Danfeng Suture Zone.The Ordos Basin boundary was the plate tectonic boundary during the Middle Proterozoic to Paleozoic,and the intra-continental deformation boundary in the Meso-Cenozoic.The basin survived as a marine cratonic basin covering the entire Ordos block during the Middle Proterozoic to Ordovician,a marine-continental transitional depression basin enclosed by an island arc uplift belt at the plate margin during the Carboniferous to Permian,a unified intra-continental lacustrine depression basin in the Triassic,and an intra-continental cratonic basin circled by a rift system in the Cenozoic.The basin scope has been decreasing till the present.The large,widespread prototype basin controlled the exploration area far beyond the present-day sedimentary basin boundary,with multiple target plays vertically.The Ordos Basin has the characteristics of a whole petroleum(or deposition)system.The Middle Proterozoic wide-rift system as a typical basin under the overlying Phanerozoic basin and the Cambrian-Ordovician passive margin basin and intra-cratonic depression in the deep-sited basin will be the important successions for oil and gas exploration in the coming years.展开更多
Outer space is humanity’s most vital future frontier;it possesses unique geopolitical and strategic attributes with significant implications for national development and security.Over recent decades,the strategic val...Outer space is humanity’s most vital future frontier;it possesses unique geopolitical and strategic attributes with significant implications for national development and security.Over recent decades,the strategic value of outer space—spanning political,economic,military,technological,and societal domains—has steadily grown,driving new competition among major powers for access to space resources and related rights.Within this rivalry,military capabilities in space have emerged as the decisive foundation of space competition.As a result,major powers have increasingly directed investments toward space-based defense programs and security infrastructures,recognizing that military superiority in space is the new strategic high ground in their rivalry.展开更多
Normal forms have a significant role in the theory of relational database normalization.The definitions of normal forms are established through the functional dependency(FD)relationship between a prime or nonprime att...Normal forms have a significant role in the theory of relational database normalization.The definitions of normal forms are established through the functional dependency(FD)relationship between a prime or nonprime attribute and a key.However,determining whether an attribute is a prime attribute is a nondeterministic polynomial-time complete(NP-complete)problem,making it intractable to determine if a relation scheme is in a specific normal form.While the prime attribute problem is generally NP-complete,there are cases where identifying prime attributes is not challenging.In a relation scheme R(U,F),we partition U into four distinct subsets based on where attributes in U appear in F:U_(1)(attributes only appearing on the left-hand side of FDs),U_(2)(attributes only appearing on the right-hand side of FDs),U_(3)(attributes appearing on both sides of FDs),and U_(4)(attributes not present in F).Next,we demonstrate the necessary and sufficient conditions for a key to be the unique key of a relation scheme.Subsequently,we illustrate the features of prime attributes in U_(3) and generalize the features of common prime attributes.The findings lay the groundwork for distinguishing between complex and simple cases in prime attribute identification,thereby deepening the understanding of this problem.展开更多
BACKGROUND Not all neuropsychiatric(NP)manifestations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)are secondary to lupus.The clarification of the cause of NP symptoms influences therapeutic strategies for SLE.AI...BACKGROUND Not all neuropsychiatric(NP)manifestations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)are secondary to lupus.The clarification of the cause of NP symptoms influences therapeutic strategies for SLE.AIM To understand the attribution of psychiatric manifestations in a cohort of Chinese patients with SLE.METHODS This retrospective single-center study analyzed 160 inpatient medical records.Clinical diagnosis,which is considered the gold standard,was used to divide the subjects into a psychiatric SLE(PSLE)group(G1)and a secondary psychiatric symptoms group(G2).Clinical features were compared between these two groups.The sensitivity and specificity of the Italian attribution model were explored.RESULTS A total of 171 psychiatric syndromes were recorded in 138 patients,including 87 cases of acute confusional state,40 cases of cognitive dysfunction,18 cases of psychosis,and 13 cases each of depressive disorder and mania or hypomania.A total of 141(82.5%)syndromes were attributed to SLE.In contrast to G2 patients,G1 patients had higher SLE Disease Activity Index-2000 scores(21 vs 12,P=0.001),a lower prevalence of anti-beta-2-glycoprotein 1 antibodies(8.6%vs 25.9%,P=0.036),and a higher prevalence of anti-ribosomal ribonucleoprotein particle(rRNP)antibodies(39.0%vs 22.2%,P=0.045).The Italian attribution model exhibited a sensitivity of 95.0%and a specificity of 70.0%when the threshold value was set at 7.CONCLUSION Patients with PSLE exhibited increased disease activity.There is a correlation between PSLE and anti-rRNP antibodies.The Italian model effectively assesses multiple psychiatric manifestations in Chinese SLE patients who present with NP symptoms.展开更多
Estimation and attribution of evapotranspiration(ET)and its components under changing environment is still a challenge but is essential for understanding the mechanisms of water and energy transfer for regional water ...Estimation and attribution of evapotranspiration(ET)and its components under changing environment is still a challenge but is essential for understanding the mechanisms of water and energy transfer for regional water resources management.In this study,an improved hydrological model is developed to estimate evapotranspiration and its components,i.e.,evaporation(E)and transpiration(T)by integrated the advantages of hydrological modeling constrained by water balance and the water-carbon close relationships.Results show that the improved hydrological model could captures ET and its components well in the study region.During the past years,annual ET and E increase obviously about 2.40 and 1.42 mm/a,particularly in spring and summer accounting for 90%.T shows less increasement and mainly increases in spring while it decreases in summer.Precipitation is the dominant factor and contributes 74.1%and 90.0%increases of annual ET and E,while the attribution of T changes is more complex by coupling of the positive effects of precipitation,rising temperature and interactive influences,the negative effects of solar diming and elevated CO_(2).In the future,ET and its components tend to increase under most of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSP)scenarios except for T decreases under the very high emissions scenario(SSP5-8.5)based on the projections.From seasonal perspective,the changes of ET and the components are mainly in spring and summer accounting for 75%,while more slight changes are found in autumn and winter.This study highlights the effectiveness of estimating ET and its components by improving hydrological models within water-carbon coupling relationships,and more complex mechanisms of transpiration changes than evapotranspiration and evaporation changes under the interactive effects of climate variability and vegetation dynamics.Besides,decision makers should pay attention to the more increases in the undesirable E than desirable T.展开更多
Objective: This study aims to quantify the potential impact of controlling major risk factors on liver cancer deaths in China from 2021 to 2050 under various intervention scenarios.Methods: We developed a macro-level ...Objective: This study aims to quantify the potential impact of controlling major risk factors on liver cancer deaths in China from 2021 to 2050 under various intervention scenarios.Methods: We developed a macro-level simulation model based on comparative risk assessment to estimate population attributable fractions and avoidable liver cancer deaths. Risk factor prevalence data were obtained from national surveys and epidemiological estimates. Three intervention scenarios for each risk factor were projected:elimination(Scenario 1), ambitious reduction(Scenario 2), and manageable targets aligned with national/global goals(Scenario 3). The impact of secondary prevention through liver cancer screening at different coverage was evaluated.Results: Between 2021 and 2050, liver cancer deaths in China are projected to reach 9.44 million in males and4.29 million in females. Eliminating hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus could prevent 65.62%(57.47%-73.77%)and 28.47%(24.93%-32.00%) of liver cancer deaths, respectively. Achieving manageable targets in reducing the prevalence of smoking and alcohol drinking could prevent 6.57%(5.75%-7.38%) and 0.85%(0.75%-0.96%) of liver cancer deaths, with a more pronounced effect observed in males. Eliminating high body mass index(BMI)could avert 45,000 male and 25,000 female deaths annually by 2050, while diabetes elimination could prevent60,000 male and 21,000 female deaths. Secondary prevention through liver cancer screening with 80% coverage could reduce liver cancer deaths by 3.59%(3.14%-4.04%) for the total population. Combining all interventions under Scenario 1 could prevent up to 88.39%(76.65%-99.81%) of male and 77.80%(67.42%-87.88%) of female liver cancer deaths by 2050.Conclusions: Comprehensive risk factor control could prevent over 80% of liver cancer deaths in China by2050. Secondary prevention through screening may offer modest additional benefits. These findings provide strong quantitative support for targeted, evidence-based interventions and underscore the need for policy action to address key risk factors.展开更多
Purpose Thoroughbred racing jockeys compete at maximum physiological capacity in a sport with a high risk of falls and injury.A greater understanding of the physical capacities determining jockey performance may lead ...Purpose Thoroughbred racing jockeys compete at maximum physiological capacity in a sport with a high risk of falls and injury.A greater understanding of the physical capacities determining jockey performance may lead to minimum physical performance parameters and corrective interventions to improve jockey fitness and performance and reduce jockey and horse injury.The aim of this study was to develop appropriate physical testing procedures for jockeys and a physical fitness profile for different licence levels.Methods Fifty-eight jockeys(n=24 females,n=34 males),representing all apprentice jockeys licenced in New Zealand in 2021(100%,n=8 probationers and n=39 apprentices)and eleven professional jockeys(14%)were assessed to determine baseline physiological and fitness data.Descriptive statistics and boxplots were used to compare aerobic fitness,abdominal(core),upper and lower body strength,muscular power,reaction time,flexibility and a novel‘saddle’test targeting lower body strength,balance,and endurance between licencing levels.Effect Size(ES)was used to determine magnitude of dif-ferences between groups.Results More experienced jockeys had greater relative lower body strength(ES=0.2-0.7)and better balance(ES=0.5-0.9)compared to the less experienced groups.Jockeys who were in the top 20 of the premiership table(jockey rankings)had faster reaction times(ES=0.7)and greater core extensor strength(ES=0.7)than other cohorts.Most tests showed little dif-ferentiation between jockey licence levels,however the‘saddle test’showed greater variability in the less experienced race riders.This test may be an effective measure of jockey baseline performance.Conclusions These data could be used to inform minimum jockey licencing requirements and future physical fitness training programmes to increase jockey physiological fitness,thereby minimising risk of falls or injury due to physiological deficits and performance.展开更多
Security attributes are the premise and foundation for implementing Attribute-Based Access Control(ABAC)mechanisms.However,when dealing with massive volumes of unstructured text big data resources,the current attribut...Security attributes are the premise and foundation for implementing Attribute-Based Access Control(ABAC)mechanisms.However,when dealing with massive volumes of unstructured text big data resources,the current attribute management methods based on manual extraction face several issues,such as high costs for attribute extraction,long processing times,unstable accuracy,and poor scalability.To address these problems,this paper proposes an attribute mining technology for access control institutions based on hybrid capsule networks.This technology leverages transfer learning ideas,utilizing Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)pre-trained language models to achieve vectorization of unstructured text data resources.Furthermore,we have designed a novel end-to-end parallel hybrid network structure,where the parallel networks handle global and local information features of the text that they excel at,respectively.By employing techniques such as attention mechanisms,capsule networks,and dynamic routing,effective mining of security attributes for access control resources has been achieved.Finally,we evaluated the performance level of the proposed attribute mining method for access control institutions through experiments on the medical referral text resource dataset.The experimental results show that,compared with baseline algorithms,our method adopts a parallel network structure that can better balance global and local feature information,resulting in improved overall performance.Specifically,it achieves a comprehensive performance enhancement of 2.06%to 8.18%in the F1 score metric.Therefore,this technology can effectively provide attribute support for access control of unstructured text big data resources.展开更多
The microecology of traditional Chinese medicine is directly or indirectly involved in the growth and development,metabolic process,and accumulation of components of herbs in various ways,which in turn has an importan...The microecology of traditional Chinese medicine is directly or indirectly involved in the growth and development,metabolic process,and accumulation of components of herbs in various ways,which in turn has an important impact on the formation and change of the authenticity of traditional Chinese medicine.It is one of the main tasks in the study of microecology of traditional Chinese medicine to reveal the relationship between the microecological structure of traditional Chinese medicine,its changing law and the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine.The heterogeneity of soil environment due to geographic and climatic factors,and the discrete limitation due to isolation factors such as distance and host selection are the main causes of microecological geographic differentiation of Chinese medicine.The microecology of TCM has an important influence and contribution to the distinctive origin and quality attributes of local herbs,which is mainly reflected in the formation of excellent germplasm(including the ability to make the hosts more resistant to pests and diseases,drought,salt,and cold,etc.),the improvement of yield,the morphological construction of medicinal parts,the metabolic accumulation of active ingredients,the timeliness of harvest,the formation of toxicity of medicinal herbs,the enhancement of efficiency and reduction of toxicity during processing and processing,the increase of efficiency and the reduction of toxicity after introduction to cultivation,and the increase of efficiency and reduction of toxicity during processing and processing of herbs after cultivation.The study of the toxicity of medicinal herbs,the increase and decrease of toxicity during processing and preparation,the change of product effect after introduction and cultivation,and the authenticity of fungal Chinese medicine.With the rapid development of modern information technology and genomics,it is expected to become a future trend to explore the origin pathway of local chemical components based on microecology,develop metabolic synthesis reactors for Chinese medicine based on microecological quantitative-effective relationship,biomimetic cultivation of local medicinal herbs based on microecological structural restructuring of Chinese medicines,traceability of origin identification barcode based on microecology,and toxicityreducing and efficiency-enhancing technology of Chinese medicines.展开更多
This study analyzes the risks of re-identification in Korean text data and proposes a secure,ethical approach to data anonymization.Following the‘Lee Luda’AI chatbot incident,concerns over data privacy have increase...This study analyzes the risks of re-identification in Korean text data and proposes a secure,ethical approach to data anonymization.Following the‘Lee Luda’AI chatbot incident,concerns over data privacy have increased.The Personal Information Protection Commission of Korea conducted inspections of AI services,uncovering 850 cases of personal information in user input datasets,highlighting the need for pseudonymization standards.While current anonymization techniques remove personal data like names,phone numbers,and addresses,linguistic features such as writing habits and language-specific traits can still identify individuals when combined with other data.To address this,we analyzed 50,000 Korean text samples from the X platform,focusing on language-specific features for authorship attribution.Unlike English,Korean features flexible syntax,honorifics,syllabic and grapheme patterns,and referential terms.These linguistic characteristics were used to enhance re-identification accuracy.Our experiments combined five machine learning models,six stopword processing methods,and four morphological analyzers.By using a tokenizer that captures word frequency and order,and employing the LSTM model,OKT morphological analyzer,and stopword removal,we achieved the maximum authorship attributions accuracy of 90.51%.This demonstrates the significant role of Korean linguistic features in re-identification.The findings emphasize the risk of re-identification through language data and call for a re-evaluation of anonymization methods,urging the consideration of linguistic traits in anonymization beyond simply removing personal information.展开更多
Detecting overlapping communities in attributed networks remains a significant challenge due to the complexity of jointly modeling topological structure and node attributes,the unknown number of communities,and the ne...Detecting overlapping communities in attributed networks remains a significant challenge due to the complexity of jointly modeling topological structure and node attributes,the unknown number of communities,and the need to capture nodes with multiple memberships.To address these issues,we propose a novel framework named density peaks clustering with neutrosophic C-means.First,we construct a consensus embedding by aligning structure-based and attribute-based representations using spectral decomposition and canonical correlation analysis.Then,an improved density peaks algorithm automatically estimates the number of communities and selects initial cluster centers based on a newly designed cluster strength metric.Finally,a neutrosophic C-means algorithm refines the community assignments,modeling uncertainty and overlap explicitly.Experimental results on synthetic and real-world networks demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance in terms of detection accuracy,stability,and its ability to identify overlapping structures.展开更多
文摘Translation is the use of one language to another language;this is expressed by the contents of the re-express.For the English-Chinese translation,the attributive clause translation is the most important.However,the English attributive clause is divided into restrictive and non-restrictive attributive clauses.In the translation process,it should be based on its structure and meaning.To take appropriate translation,get rid of restrictions on sentence structure so that the translation is equal to the original as much as possible.In this paper,the translation skills and samples have been used to further express the attributive clause to the readers.
文摘The attributive clause plays a significant role in E-C translation.Due to the stylistic difference in Chinese and English(Chinese is paratactic while English is hypotactic),complex English attributive clauses cannot be translated literally as awkwardness may occur.One possible approach to coping with the problem is the adoption of‘Division’in translating long English attributive clauses.This essay provides three steps in translating complex English attributive clauses into Chinese(clarifying meaning units,restructuring and polishing)and the accompanied techniques such as amplification and omission to make the translation more readable and natural to Chinese readers.
文摘Attributive clauses in EST often consist of complex structures and deliver a multiplicity of meanings. It will be one of challenges facing the translators to transfer the attributive clauses in EST faithfully, completely and smoothly into Chinese so that the understanding and response of the target language readers to the information produced in the translation are almost the same as that of the original language readers to the information contained in the original attributive clauses in EST, thus achieving functional equivalence of the translation. Under the direction of Nida's functional equivalence theory, this paper is dedicated to discussing the translation techniques of EST attributive clauses, and hope it benefits the translation of EST in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11171322,11426236)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK0010000051).
文摘As the applications for modeling of big data and analysis advance in scope,computational efficiency faces greater challenges in terms of storage and speed.In many practical problems,a great amount of historical data is sequentially collected and used for online statistical modeling.For modeling sequential data,we propose a sequential linear regression method that extracts essential information from historical data.This carefully selected information is then utilized to update a model according to a sequential estimation scheme.With this technique,the earlier data no longer needs to be stored,and the sequential updating is computationally efficient in speed and storage.A weighted strategy is introduced on the current model to determine the impact of data from different periods.When compared with estimation methods that use historical data,our numerical experiments demonstrate that our solution increases the speed while decreasing the storage load.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFF0704102)the Chongqing Education Commission Key Project of Science and Technology Research(Grant No.KJZD-K202400610)the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation General Project(Grant No.CSTB2025NSCQ-GPX1263).
文摘Attribute-Based Encryption(ABE)has emerged as a fundamental access control mechanism in data sharing,enabling data owners to define flexible access policies.A critical aspect of ABE is key revocation,which plays a pivotal role in maintaining security.However,existing key revocation mechanisms face two major challenges:(1)High overhead due to ciphertext and key updates,primarily stemming from the reliance on revocation lists during attribute revocation,which increases computation and communication costs.(2)Limited universality,as many attribute revocation mechanisms are tailored to specific ABE constructions,restricting their broader applicability.To address these challenges,we propose LUAR(Lightweight and Universal Attribute Revocation),a novel revocation mechanism that leverages Intel Software Guard Extensions(SGX)while minimizing its inherent limitations.Given SGX’s constrained memory(≈90 MB in a personal computer)and susceptibility to side-channel attacks,we carefully manage its usage to reduce reliance while mitigating potential collusion risks between cloud service providers and users.To evaluate LUAR’s lightweight and universality,we integrate it with the classic BSW07 scheme,which can be seamlessly replaced with other ABE constructions.Experimental results demonstrate that LUAR enables secure attribute revocation with low computation and communication overhead.The processing time within the SGX environment remains stable at approximately 55 ms,regardless of the complexity of access policies,ensuring no additional storage or computational burden on SGX.Compared to the Hardware-based Revocable Attribute-Based Encryption(HR-ABE)scheme(IEEE S&P 2024),LUAR incurs a slightly higher computational cost within SGX;however,the overall time from initiating a data request to obtaining plaintext is shorter.As access policies grow more complex,LUAR’s advantages become increasingly evident,showcasing its superior efficiency and broader applicability.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0608904)the International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.060GJHZ2023079GC and 134111KYSB20160031)+1 种基金supported by the Office of Science,U.S.Department of Energy(DOE)Biological and Environmental Research as part of the Regional and Global Model Analysis program area through the Water Cycle and Climate Extremes Modeling(WACCEM)scientific focus areaoperated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830。
文摘The global monsoon system,encompassing the Asian-Australian,African,and American monsoons,sustains two-thirds of the world’s population by regulating water resources and agriculture.Monsoon anomalies pose severe risks,including floods and droughts.Recent research associated with the implementation of the Global Monsoons Model Intercomparison Project under the umbrella of CMIP6 has advanced our understanding of its historical variability and driving mechanisms.Observational data reveal a 20th-century shift:increased rainfall pre-1950s,followed by aridification and partial recovery post-1980s,driven by both internal variability(e.g.,Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation)and external forcings(greenhouse gases,aerosols),while ENSO drives interannual variability through ocean-atmosphere interactions.Future projections under greenhouse forcing suggest long-term monsoon intensification,though regional disparities and model uncertainties persist.Models indicate robust trends but struggle to quantify extremes,where thermodynamic effects(warming-induced moisture rise)uniformly boost heavy rainfall,while dynamical shifts(circulation changes)create spatial heterogeneity.Volcanic eruptions and proposed solar radiation modification(SRM)further complicate predictions:tropical eruptions suppress monsoons,whereas high-latitude events alter cross-equatorial flows,highlighting unresolved feedbacks.The emergent constraint approach is booming in terms of correcting future projections and reducing uncertainty with respect to the global monsoons.Critical challenges remain.Model biases and sparse 20th-century observational data hinder accurate attribution.The interplay between natural variability and anthropogenic forcings,along with nonlinear extreme precipitation risks under warming,demands deeper mechanistic insights.Additionally,SRM’s regional impacts and hemispheric monsoon interactions require systematic evaluation.Addressing these gaps necessitates enhanced observational networks,refined climate models,and interdisciplinary efforts to disentangle multiscale drivers,ultimately improving resilience strategies for monsoon-dependent regions.
基金Supported by Taishan Scholar Special Funding,No.tsqnz20240858Medical and Health Technology Project of Shandong Province,No.202402050122+4 种基金Science and Technology Development Plan of Jinan Municipal Health Commission,No.2024301008Clinical Medical Science and Technology Innovation Program of Jinan Science and Technology Bureau,No.202430055Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,No.20224BAB206077Gansu Provincial Hospital Intra-Hospital Research Fund Project,No.22GSSYB-6and the 2022 Master/Doctor/Postdoctoral Program of National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor,No.NHCDP2022004 and No.NHCDP2022008.
文摘Knee osteoarthritis(KOA),characterized by heterogeneous arthritic manifestations and complex peripheral joint disorder,is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide,which has become a high burden due to the multifactorial nature and the deficiency of available disease-modifying treatments.The application of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells(MSCs)as therapeutic drugs has provided novel treatment options for diverse degenerative and chronic diseases including KOA.However,the complexity and specificity of the“live”cells have posed challenges for MSC-based drug development and the concomitant scale-up preparation from laboratory to industrialization.For instance,despite the considerable progress in ex vivo cell culture technology for fulfilling the robust development of drug conversion and clinical trials,yet significant challenges remain in obtaining regulatory approvals.Thus,there’s an urgent need for the research and development of MSC drugs for KOA.In this review,we provide alternative solution strategies for the preparation of MSC drugs on the basis of the principle of quality by design,including designing the cell production processes,quality control,and clinical applications.In detail,we mainly focus on the quality by design method for MSC manufacturing in standard cell-culturing factories for the treatment of KOA by using the Quality Target Product Profile as a starting point to determine potential critical quality attributes and to establish relationships between critical material attributes and critical process parameters.Collectively,this review aims to meet product performance and robust process design,and should help to reduce the gap between compliant products and the production of compliant good manufacturing practice.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U19A2044,42105132,42030609,and 41975037)the National Key Research and Development Programof China(No.2022YFC3700303).
文摘Extreme ozone pollution events(EOPEs)are associated with synoptic weather patterns(SWPs)and pose severe health and ecological risks.However,a systematic investigation of themeteorological causes,transport pathways,and source contributions to historical EOPEs is still lacking.In this paper,the K-means clustering method is applied to identify six dominant SWPs during the warm season in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region from 2016 to 2022.It provides an integrated analysis of the meteorological factors affecting ozone pollution in Hefei under different SWPs.Using the WRF-FLEXPART model,the transport pathways(TPPs)and geographical sources of the near-surface air masses in Hefei during EOPEs are investigated.The results reveal that Hefei experienced the highest ozone concentration(134.77±42.82μg/m^(3)),exceedance frequency(46 days(23.23%)),and proportion of EOPEs(21 instances,47.7%)under the control of peripheral subsidence of typhoon(Type 5).Regional southeast winds correlated with the ozone pollution in Hefei.During EOPEs,a high boundary layer height,solar radiation,and temperature;lowhumidity and cloud cover;and pronounced subsidence airflow occurred over Hefei and the broader YRD region.The East-South(E_S)patterns exhibited the highest frequency(28 instances,65.11%).Regarding the TPPs and geographical sources of the near-surface air masses during historical EOPEs.The YRD was the main source for land-originating air masses under E_S patterns(50.28%),with Hefei,southern Anhui,southern Jiangsu,and northern Zhejiang being key contributors.These findings can help improve ozone pollution early warning and control mechanisms at urban and regional scales.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42330810)Major Science and Technology Project of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company(ZDZX2021-01).
文摘Based on the analysis of surface geological survey,exploratory well,gravity-magnetic-electric and seismic data,and through mapping the sedimentary basin and its peripheral orogenic belts together,this paper explores systematically the boundary,distribution,geological structure,and tectonic attributes of the Ordos prototype basin in the geological historical periods.The results show that the Ordos block is bounded to the west by the Engorwusu Fault Zone,to the east by the Taihangshan Mountain Piedmont Fault Zone,to the north by the Solonker-Xilamuron Suture Zone,and to the south by the Shangnan-Danfeng Suture Zone.The Ordos Basin boundary was the plate tectonic boundary during the Middle Proterozoic to Paleozoic,and the intra-continental deformation boundary in the Meso-Cenozoic.The basin survived as a marine cratonic basin covering the entire Ordos block during the Middle Proterozoic to Ordovician,a marine-continental transitional depression basin enclosed by an island arc uplift belt at the plate margin during the Carboniferous to Permian,a unified intra-continental lacustrine depression basin in the Triassic,and an intra-continental cratonic basin circled by a rift system in the Cenozoic.The basin scope has been decreasing till the present.The large,widespread prototype basin controlled the exploration area far beyond the present-day sedimentary basin boundary,with multiple target plays vertically.The Ordos Basin has the characteristics of a whole petroleum(or deposition)system.The Middle Proterozoic wide-rift system as a typical basin under the overlying Phanerozoic basin and the Cambrian-Ordovician passive margin basin and intra-cratonic depression in the deep-sited basin will be the important successions for oil and gas exploration in the coming years.
文摘Outer space is humanity’s most vital future frontier;it possesses unique geopolitical and strategic attributes with significant implications for national development and security.Over recent decades,the strategic value of outer space—spanning political,economic,military,technological,and societal domains—has steadily grown,driving new competition among major powers for access to space resources and related rights.Within this rivalry,military capabilities in space have emerged as the decisive foundation of space competition.As a result,major powers have increasingly directed investments toward space-based defense programs and security infrastructures,recognizing that military superiority in space is the new strategic high ground in their rivalry.
文摘Normal forms have a significant role in the theory of relational database normalization.The definitions of normal forms are established through the functional dependency(FD)relationship between a prime or nonprime attribute and a key.However,determining whether an attribute is a prime attribute is a nondeterministic polynomial-time complete(NP-complete)problem,making it intractable to determine if a relation scheme is in a specific normal form.While the prime attribute problem is generally NP-complete,there are cases where identifying prime attributes is not challenging.In a relation scheme R(U,F),we partition U into four distinct subsets based on where attributes in U appear in F:U_(1)(attributes only appearing on the left-hand side of FDs),U_(2)(attributes only appearing on the right-hand side of FDs),U_(3)(attributes appearing on both sides of FDs),and U_(4)(attributes not present in F).Next,we demonstrate the necessary and sufficient conditions for a key to be the unique key of a relation scheme.Subsequently,we illustrate the features of prime attributes in U_(3) and generalize the features of common prime attributes.The findings lay the groundwork for distinguishing between complex and simple cases in prime attribute identification,thereby deepening the understanding of this problem.
基金Supported by STI2030-Major Projects,No.2021ZD0202001National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.T2341003Capital Funds for Health Improvement and Research,No.CFH 2022-2-4012.
文摘BACKGROUND Not all neuropsychiatric(NP)manifestations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)are secondary to lupus.The clarification of the cause of NP symptoms influences therapeutic strategies for SLE.AIM To understand the attribution of psychiatric manifestations in a cohort of Chinese patients with SLE.METHODS This retrospective single-center study analyzed 160 inpatient medical records.Clinical diagnosis,which is considered the gold standard,was used to divide the subjects into a psychiatric SLE(PSLE)group(G1)and a secondary psychiatric symptoms group(G2).Clinical features were compared between these two groups.The sensitivity and specificity of the Italian attribution model were explored.RESULTS A total of 171 psychiatric syndromes were recorded in 138 patients,including 87 cases of acute confusional state,40 cases of cognitive dysfunction,18 cases of psychosis,and 13 cases each of depressive disorder and mania or hypomania.A total of 141(82.5%)syndromes were attributed to SLE.In contrast to G2 patients,G1 patients had higher SLE Disease Activity Index-2000 scores(21 vs 12,P=0.001),a lower prevalence of anti-beta-2-glycoprotein 1 antibodies(8.6%vs 25.9%,P=0.036),and a higher prevalence of anti-ribosomal ribonucleoprotein particle(rRNP)antibodies(39.0%vs 22.2%,P=0.045).The Italian attribution model exhibited a sensitivity of 95.0%and a specificity of 70.0%when the threshold value was set at 7.CONCLUSION Patients with PSLE exhibited increased disease activity.There is a correlation between PSLE and anti-rRNP antibodies.The Italian model effectively assesses multiple psychiatric manifestations in Chinese SLE patients who present with NP symptoms.
基金supported by the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation Innovation-Driven Development Joint Funds(No.CSTB2025NSCQ-LZX0055)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS(No.2021385)+4 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of South-Central Minzu University(No.CZQ24028)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2023AFB782)the Program of China Scholarship Council(No.202407780001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51809008)the Fund for Academic Innovation Teams of South-Central Minzu University(No.XTZ24019).
文摘Estimation and attribution of evapotranspiration(ET)and its components under changing environment is still a challenge but is essential for understanding the mechanisms of water and energy transfer for regional water resources management.In this study,an improved hydrological model is developed to estimate evapotranspiration and its components,i.e.,evaporation(E)and transpiration(T)by integrated the advantages of hydrological modeling constrained by water balance and the water-carbon close relationships.Results show that the improved hydrological model could captures ET and its components well in the study region.During the past years,annual ET and E increase obviously about 2.40 and 1.42 mm/a,particularly in spring and summer accounting for 90%.T shows less increasement and mainly increases in spring while it decreases in summer.Precipitation is the dominant factor and contributes 74.1%and 90.0%increases of annual ET and E,while the attribution of T changes is more complex by coupling of the positive effects of precipitation,rising temperature and interactive influences,the negative effects of solar diming and elevated CO_(2).In the future,ET and its components tend to increase under most of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSP)scenarios except for T decreases under the very high emissions scenario(SSP5-8.5)based on the projections.From seasonal perspective,the changes of ET and the components are mainly in spring and summer accounting for 75%,while more slight changes are found in autumn and winter.This study highlights the effectiveness of estimating ET and its components by improving hydrological models within water-carbon coupling relationships,and more complex mechanisms of transpiration changes than evapotranspiration and evaporation changes under the interactive effects of climate variability and vegetation dynamics.Besides,decision makers should pay attention to the more increases in the undesirable E than desirable T.
基金supported by the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research (No. 2024-1G-4023)。
文摘Objective: This study aims to quantify the potential impact of controlling major risk factors on liver cancer deaths in China from 2021 to 2050 under various intervention scenarios.Methods: We developed a macro-level simulation model based on comparative risk assessment to estimate population attributable fractions and avoidable liver cancer deaths. Risk factor prevalence data were obtained from national surveys and epidemiological estimates. Three intervention scenarios for each risk factor were projected:elimination(Scenario 1), ambitious reduction(Scenario 2), and manageable targets aligned with national/global goals(Scenario 3). The impact of secondary prevention through liver cancer screening at different coverage was evaluated.Results: Between 2021 and 2050, liver cancer deaths in China are projected to reach 9.44 million in males and4.29 million in females. Eliminating hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus could prevent 65.62%(57.47%-73.77%)and 28.47%(24.93%-32.00%) of liver cancer deaths, respectively. Achieving manageable targets in reducing the prevalence of smoking and alcohol drinking could prevent 6.57%(5.75%-7.38%) and 0.85%(0.75%-0.96%) of liver cancer deaths, with a more pronounced effect observed in males. Eliminating high body mass index(BMI)could avert 45,000 male and 25,000 female deaths annually by 2050, while diabetes elimination could prevent60,000 male and 21,000 female deaths. Secondary prevention through liver cancer screening with 80% coverage could reduce liver cancer deaths by 3.59%(3.14%-4.04%) for the total population. Combining all interventions under Scenario 1 could prevent up to 88.39%(76.65%-99.81%) of male and 77.80%(67.42%-87.88%) of female liver cancer deaths by 2050.Conclusions: Comprehensive risk factor control could prevent over 80% of liver cancer deaths in China by2050. Secondary prevention through screening may offer modest additional benefits. These findings provide strong quantitative support for targeted, evidence-based interventions and underscore the need for policy action to address key risk factors.
基金funded by the New Zealand Equine Trust grant ET 2/2019.
文摘Purpose Thoroughbred racing jockeys compete at maximum physiological capacity in a sport with a high risk of falls and injury.A greater understanding of the physical capacities determining jockey performance may lead to minimum physical performance parameters and corrective interventions to improve jockey fitness and performance and reduce jockey and horse injury.The aim of this study was to develop appropriate physical testing procedures for jockeys and a physical fitness profile for different licence levels.Methods Fifty-eight jockeys(n=24 females,n=34 males),representing all apprentice jockeys licenced in New Zealand in 2021(100%,n=8 probationers and n=39 apprentices)and eleven professional jockeys(14%)were assessed to determine baseline physiological and fitness data.Descriptive statistics and boxplots were used to compare aerobic fitness,abdominal(core),upper and lower body strength,muscular power,reaction time,flexibility and a novel‘saddle’test targeting lower body strength,balance,and endurance between licencing levels.Effect Size(ES)was used to determine magnitude of dif-ferences between groups.Results More experienced jockeys had greater relative lower body strength(ES=0.2-0.7)and better balance(ES=0.5-0.9)compared to the less experienced groups.Jockeys who were in the top 20 of the premiership table(jockey rankings)had faster reaction times(ES=0.7)and greater core extensor strength(ES=0.7)than other cohorts.Most tests showed little dif-ferentiation between jockey licence levels,however the‘saddle test’showed greater variability in the less experienced race riders.This test may be an effective measure of jockey baseline performance.Conclusions These data could be used to inform minimum jockey licencing requirements and future physical fitness training programmes to increase jockey physiological fitness,thereby minimising risk of falls or injury due to physiological deficits and performance.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62102449).
文摘Security attributes are the premise and foundation for implementing Attribute-Based Access Control(ABAC)mechanisms.However,when dealing with massive volumes of unstructured text big data resources,the current attribute management methods based on manual extraction face several issues,such as high costs for attribute extraction,long processing times,unstable accuracy,and poor scalability.To address these problems,this paper proposes an attribute mining technology for access control institutions based on hybrid capsule networks.This technology leverages transfer learning ideas,utilizing Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)pre-trained language models to achieve vectorization of unstructured text data resources.Furthermore,we have designed a novel end-to-end parallel hybrid network structure,where the parallel networks handle global and local information features of the text that they excel at,respectively.By employing techniques such as attention mechanisms,capsule networks,and dynamic routing,effective mining of security attributes for access control resources has been achieved.Finally,we evaluated the performance level of the proposed attribute mining method for access control institutions through experiments on the medical referral text resource dataset.The experimental results show that,compared with baseline algorithms,our method adopts a parallel network structure that can better balance global and local feature information,resulting in improved overall performance.Specifically,it achieves a comprehensive performance enhancement of 2.06%to 8.18%in the F1 score metric.Therefore,this technology can effectively provide attribute support for access control of unstructured text big data resources.
文摘The microecology of traditional Chinese medicine is directly or indirectly involved in the growth and development,metabolic process,and accumulation of components of herbs in various ways,which in turn has an important impact on the formation and change of the authenticity of traditional Chinese medicine.It is one of the main tasks in the study of microecology of traditional Chinese medicine to reveal the relationship between the microecological structure of traditional Chinese medicine,its changing law and the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine.The heterogeneity of soil environment due to geographic and climatic factors,and the discrete limitation due to isolation factors such as distance and host selection are the main causes of microecological geographic differentiation of Chinese medicine.The microecology of TCM has an important influence and contribution to the distinctive origin and quality attributes of local herbs,which is mainly reflected in the formation of excellent germplasm(including the ability to make the hosts more resistant to pests and diseases,drought,salt,and cold,etc.),the improvement of yield,the morphological construction of medicinal parts,the metabolic accumulation of active ingredients,the timeliness of harvest,the formation of toxicity of medicinal herbs,the enhancement of efficiency and reduction of toxicity during processing and processing,the increase of efficiency and the reduction of toxicity after introduction to cultivation,and the increase of efficiency and reduction of toxicity during processing and processing of herbs after cultivation.The study of the toxicity of medicinal herbs,the increase and decrease of toxicity during processing and preparation,the change of product effect after introduction and cultivation,and the authenticity of fungal Chinese medicine.With the rapid development of modern information technology and genomics,it is expected to become a future trend to explore the origin pathway of local chemical components based on microecology,develop metabolic synthesis reactors for Chinese medicine based on microecological quantitative-effective relationship,biomimetic cultivation of local medicinal herbs based on microecological structural restructuring of Chinese medicines,traceability of origin identification barcode based on microecology,and toxicityreducing and efficiency-enhancing technology of Chinese medicines.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(RS-2023-00238866)Korea government(MOE)(2024 government collaboration type training project[Information security field],No.2024 personal information protection-002).
文摘This study analyzes the risks of re-identification in Korean text data and proposes a secure,ethical approach to data anonymization.Following the‘Lee Luda’AI chatbot incident,concerns over data privacy have increased.The Personal Information Protection Commission of Korea conducted inspections of AI services,uncovering 850 cases of personal information in user input datasets,highlighting the need for pseudonymization standards.While current anonymization techniques remove personal data like names,phone numbers,and addresses,linguistic features such as writing habits and language-specific traits can still identify individuals when combined with other data.To address this,we analyzed 50,000 Korean text samples from the X platform,focusing on language-specific features for authorship attribution.Unlike English,Korean features flexible syntax,honorifics,syllabic and grapheme patterns,and referential terms.These linguistic characteristics were used to enhance re-identification accuracy.Our experiments combined five machine learning models,six stopword processing methods,and four morphological analyzers.By using a tokenizer that captures word frequency and order,and employing the LSTM model,OKT morphological analyzer,and stopword removal,we achieved the maximum authorship attributions accuracy of 90.51%.This demonstrates the significant role of Korean linguistic features in re-identification.The findings emphasize the risk of re-identification through language data and call for a re-evaluation of anonymization methods,urging the consideration of linguistic traits in anonymization beyond simply removing personal information.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72571150)。
文摘Detecting overlapping communities in attributed networks remains a significant challenge due to the complexity of jointly modeling topological structure and node attributes,the unknown number of communities,and the need to capture nodes with multiple memberships.To address these issues,we propose a novel framework named density peaks clustering with neutrosophic C-means.First,we construct a consensus embedding by aligning structure-based and attribute-based representations using spectral decomposition and canonical correlation analysis.Then,an improved density peaks algorithm automatically estimates the number of communities and selects initial cluster centers based on a newly designed cluster strength metric.Finally,a neutrosophic C-means algorithm refines the community assignments,modeling uncertainty and overlap explicitly.Experimental results on synthetic and real-world networks demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance in terms of detection accuracy,stability,and its ability to identify overlapping structures.
