ChatGPT technology based on large language models(LLM)shows great potential in improving the quality of medical care,assisting clinical decision making and optimizing patient communication.The role of ChatGPT in ophth...ChatGPT technology based on large language models(LLM)shows great potential in improving the quality of medical care,assisting clinical decision making and optimizing patient communication.The role of ChatGPT in ophthalmology is still in its infancy.This review aims to explore the application prospect of ChatGPT in ophthalmology.Relevant literature was reviewed and analyzed,and the application prospects of LLM represented by ChatGPT in ophthalmology were summarized,including clinical assisted diagnosis,patient education and communication,history collection and text writing,clinical research,and medical education,etc.At the same time,the challenges and solutions faced by ChatGPT in ophthalmology were pointed out.Its safety,efficacy and ethics remain controversial in practical applications.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the supervision and research on its application to ensure safety and effectiveness.In the future,with the development of technology,ChatGPT is expected to play a greater role in ophthalmology and enhance the medical experience.展开更多
Soil improvement is one of the most important issues in geotechnical engineering practice.The wide application of traditional improvement techniques(cement/chemical materials)are limited due to damage ecological en-vi...Soil improvement is one of the most important issues in geotechnical engineering practice.The wide application of traditional improvement techniques(cement/chemical materials)are limited due to damage ecological en-vironment and intensify carbon emissions.However,the use of microbially induced calcium carbonate pre-cipitation(MICP)to obtain bio-cement is a novel technique with the potential to induce soil stability,providing a low-carbon,environment-friendly,and sustainable integrated solution for some geotechnical engineering pro-blems in the environment.This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest progress in soil improvement based on the MICP strategy.It systematically summarizes and overviews the mineralization mechanism,influ-encing factors,improved methods,engineering characteristics,and current field application status of the MICP.Additionally,it also explores the limitations and correspondingly proposes prospective applications via the MICP approach for soil improvement.This review indicates that the utilization of different environmental calcium-based wastes in MICP and combination of materials and MICP are conducive to meeting engineering and market demand.Furthermore,we recommend and encourage global collaborative study and practice with a view to commercializing MICP technique in the future.The current review purports to provide insights for engineers and interdisciplinary researchers,and guidance for future engineering applications.展开更多
Due to their high water content,stimulus responsiveness,and biocompatibility,hydrogels,which are functional materials with a three-dimensional network structure,are widely applied in fields such as biomedicine,environ...Due to their high water content,stimulus responsiveness,and biocompatibility,hydrogels,which are functional materials with a three-dimensional network structure,are widely applied in fields such as biomedicine,environmental monitoring,and flexible electronics.This paper provides a systematic review of hydrogel charac-terization methods and their applications,focusing on primary evaluation techniques for physical properties(e.g.,mechanical strength,swelling behavior,and pore structure),chemical properties(e.g.,composition,crosslink density,and degradation behavior),biocompatibility,and functional properties(e.g.,drug release,environmental stimulus response,and conductivity).It analyzes the challenges currently faced by characterization methods,such as a lack of standardization,difficulties in dynamic monitoring,an insufficient micro-macro correlation,and poor adaptability to complex environments.It proposes solutions,such as a hierarchical standardization system,in situ imaging technology,cross-scale characterization,and biomimetic testing platforms.Looking ahead,hydrogel characterization techniques will evolve toward intelligent,real-time,multimodal coupling and standardized approaches.These techniques will provide superior technical support for precision medicine,environmental restoration,and flexible electronics.They will also offer systematic methodological guidance for the performance optimization and practical application of hydrogel materials.展开更多
With the advancement of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),TCM granules have emerged and garnered widespread attention.This study provides a comprehensive review of the development of TCM granules,...With the advancement of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),TCM granules have emerged and garnered widespread attention.This study provides a comprehensive review of the development of TCM granules,analyzing their characteristics in terms of ease of use,quality stability,and pharmacodynamic advantages.It also explores their broad application prospects in clinical TCM treatment and preventive healthcare.Through an integrative analysis of relevant research literature,the study highlights the significant value and vast development potential of TCM granules in modern medicine.The article aims to offer valuable references for the modernization and internationalization of TCM while promoting the continuous development and innovative application of TCM granules in the field of traditional Chinese medicine.展开更多
Magnesium alloys have emerged as promising light weight materials due to their low density,high specific strength,excellent machinability,and superior damping capacity,making them ideal for aerospace,automotive,and el...Magnesium alloys have emerged as promising light weight materials due to their low density,high specific strength,excellent machinability,and superior damping capacity,making them ideal for aerospace,automotive,and electronics applications.However,broader use of magnesium alloys is limited by poor thermo-mechanical performance,corrosion susceptibility,and low formability at room temperature.The addition of rare-earth elements such as gadolinium,yttrium,and neodymium has meaningfully improved these limitations,enhancing the overall performance of magnesium alloys.This review highlights recent advancements in rare-earth magnesium alloys,focusing on their improved thermo-mechanical properties,microstructural evolution,crystallization behavior,and texture development.Herein,strengthening mechanisms associated with rare-earth additions are discussed in detail.Furthermore,the article explores growing relevance of these alloys in advanced applications,including biomedical implants,Io T devices,aerospace structures,defense systems,and general engineering.With their enhanced mechanical and functional properties,rare-earth magnesium alloys represent a new generation of high-performance,functional materials poised to drive innovation across multiple technology sectors.展开更多
As a cutting-edge technology in the field of medical robotics,vascular interventional surgical robots have made remarkable progress in recent years.This paper focuses on the technological innovations of vascular inter...As a cutting-edge technology in the field of medical robotics,vascular interventional surgical robots have made remarkable progress in recent years.This paper focuses on the technological innovations of vascular interventional surgical robots,with particular attention to the system developed by Xu’s team that rapidly secured national patents through China’s Green Innovation Fast-Track.The article elaborates on its key breakthroughs in haptic force feedback,master-slave control accuracy,and multimodal image fusion,and discusses the potential clinical advantages these innovations confer.By benchmarking the system against comparable technologies at home and abroad,the paper forecasts its future applications in healthcare and provides a reference for subsequent R&D and clinical adoption.展开更多
Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications i...Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.展开更多
Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for...Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.展开更多
Liver transplantation(LT)remains the optimal life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease.Despite the recent advances in LT several barriers,including organ allocation,donor-recipient matching,an...Liver transplantation(LT)remains the optimal life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease.Despite the recent advances in LT several barriers,including organ allocation,donor-recipient matching,and patient education,persist.With the growing progress of artificial intelligence,particularly large language models(LLMs)like ChatGPT,new applications have emerged in the field of LT.Current studies demonstrating usage of ChatGPT in LT include various areas of application,from clinical settings to research and education.ChatGPT usage can benefit both healthcare professionals,by decreasing the time spent on non-clinical work,but also LT recipients by providing accurate information.Future potential applications include the expanding usage of ChatGPT and other LLMs in the field of LT pathology and radiology as well as the automated creation of discharge summaries or other related paperwork.Additionally,the next models of ChatGPT might have the potential to provide more accurate patient education material with increased readability.Although ChatGPT usage presents promising applications,there are certain ethical and practical limitations.Key concerns include patient data privacy,information accuracy,misinformation possibility and lack of legal framework.Healthcare providers and policymakers should collaborate for the establishment of a controlled framework for the safe use of ChatGPT.The aim of this minireview is to summarize current literature on ChatGPT in LT,highlighting both opportunities and limitations,while also providing future possible applications.展开更多
Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a leading cause of vision loss among working-age populations,with early screening significantly reducing the risk of blindness.However,resource-limited regions often face challenges in DR sc...Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a leading cause of vision loss among working-age populations,with early screening significantly reducing the risk of blindness.However,resource-limited regions often face challenges in DR screening due to a shortage of ophthalmologists.This study reports the implementation and outcomes of the Chinese local standard DB52/T 1726-2023,Regulations for the application of diabetic retinopathy screening artificial intelligence,in Cambodian healthcare institutions.A pilot DR screening program with independent operational capability is established by providing a non-mydriatic fundus camera and deploying a localized diabetic retinopathy artificial intelligence(DR-AI)screening platform at the Cambodia-Kingdom Friendship Hospital in Phnom Penh,along with comprehensive training.From January to August 2025,a total of 565 patients with type 2 diabetes were screened,yielding a DR detection rate of 26.0%(147 cases).Research findings demonstrate that applying mature Chinese DR-AI screening standards and technological solutions through international collaboration in regions with a scarcity of ophthalmic professionals is both feasible and effective.This project serves as a reference for promoting DR-AI in resource-constrained countries and regions,highlighting its significant potential to leverage AI in addressing the global burden of chronic diseases and advancing the modernization of health systems.展开更多
Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenn...Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenness with AMD,modification and mediation effect of air pollution,we conducted this prospective study.We con-structed weighted quantile sum(WQS)index as co-exposure to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),particulate matter<2.5μm(PM_(2.5)),particulate matter<10μm(PM10).Stratified Cox regression models were applied to test the effect of exposure.Effect modification of air pollution was assessed.Stratified Cox models through the indirect method and Aalen additive risk models were used in mediation analysis.Over median follow-up of 11.67 years,4596 AMD events were ascertained.Hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)of incident AMD for pollution per interquartile range(IQR)increment were 1.10(1.04–1.16)for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),1.09(1.03–1.15)for NO_(x),1.14(1.05–1.24)for PM_(2.5),1.13(1.05–1.21)for PM10.The HR(95%CI)of AMD associated with greenness 1000 m buffer per IQR increment was 0.91(0.86–0.97),300 m buffer was 0.94(0.89–0.99).The as-sociation between greenness 1000 m and AMD was 28.59%,44.77%,35.59%,32.31%and 27.08%mediated by the decreased WQS index,NO_(2),NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and PM10,respectively.Increased greenness was associated with lower AMD incidence,and air pollution partly mediate it,which implies that interventions aimed at improving air quality and increasing greenness could have a dual benefit in mitigating AMD risk.展开更多
The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This rev...The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This review explores key AI and ML concepts,methodologies,and their applications in hydrology,focusing on groundwater potential mapping,water quality prediction,and groundwater level forecasting.It discusses various data acquisition techniques,including remote sensing,geospatial analysis,and geophysical surveys,alongside preprocessing methods that are essential for enhancing model accuracy.The study highlights AI-driven solutions in water distribution,allocation optimization,and realtime resource management.Despite their advantages,the application of AI and ML in water sciences faces several challenges,including data scarcity,model reliability,and the integration of these tools with traditional water management systems.Ethical and regulatory concerns also demand careful consideration.The paper also outlines future research directions,emphasizing the need for improved data collection,interpretable models,real-time monitoring capabilities,and interdisciplinary collaboration.By leveraging AI and ML advancements,the water sector can enhance decision-making,optimize resource distribution,and support the development of sustainable water management strategies.展开更多
Standards are the common language that consolidates global consensus and builds the most solid foundation for international partnerships.They are the cornerstone for global sustainable and high-quality development.You...Standards are the common language that consolidates global consensus and builds the most solid foundation for international partnerships.They are the cornerstone for global sustainable and high-quality development.Young students,with their active and vibrant minds,represent the future and hope of standardization.展开更多
Salinization of agricultural land is becoming increasingly severe worldwide,posing a significant threat to food security.The exogenous application of bioactive substances has been widely used to enhance plant resistan...Salinization of agricultural land is becoming increasingly severe worldwide,posing a significant threat to food security.The exogenous application of bioactive substances has been widely used to enhance plant resistance to salt stress.In this study,we used corn steep liquor(CSL),myo-inositol(MI),and their combination to improve salt tolerance in Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa L.ssp.pekinensis)under salt stress conditions.All three treatments significantly increased plant biomass and nutrient uptake,and improved soil physicochemical properties,while alleviating oxidative damage and ion toxicity.展开更多
Based on the evolution of farming revolution in Fengyan aiming to create a healthier and more beautiful human existence and a harmonious coexistence with nature, this study introduced Fenlong green agriculture, which ...Based on the evolution of farming revolution in Fengyan aiming to create a healthier and more beautiful human existence and a harmonious coexistence with nature, this study introduced Fenlong green agriculture, which had the characteristics of natural yield increase of more than 10% with zero fertilization, and yield increase of 10%-30%, quality improvement of 5% and doubled land water holding capacity with the conventional fertilization in over 20 crops in more than 20 provinces, and significant reforming efficiency on salinized land and grassland; for the first time made a comprehensive description of high efficient application of Fenlong green modern agriculture to explore natural resources, realizing the sustainable develop- ment of quality improvement, yield increase and efficiency enhancement; for the first time clarified the scientific basis and theoretical system of the green efficient mod- ern agricultural technique-Fenlong cultivation, as well as the basic connotations and concepts of Fenlong cultivation, green efficient modern agricultural technical system; created a new model of efficient modern agricultural production and new technology system, and 6 major technical projects like cultivated land improvement to increase yield and transformation of salinized land and grassland, which could play a role in relieving the climatic disasters like haze, transformation of farmland with medium to low yield as well as the construction of high standard farmland, sucrose industry and ＂One Road One Belt＂ strategy; for the first time proposed Fenlong cultivation as the ＂China technology card＂ in China and even the whole world, so as to make people understand the particular significance of this technology to green develop- ment, which could benefit the future generations.展开更多
The development of Chinese agriculture is now facing the grim situation of decreasing farmland area, increasing population and social demands, so the devel- opment of protected horticulture becomes necessary to solve ...The development of Chinese agriculture is now facing the grim situation of decreasing farmland area, increasing population and social demands, so the devel- opment of protected horticulture becomes necessary to solve the issue. This paper reviewed the characteristics of traditional horticulture films and application prospects of new functional films.展开更多
Longli 1 （ Chenopod/um qu/noa Willd） was the first new quinoa variety in China, which was bred by Pasture and Green Agriculture Institute of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences through the methods of line breedin...Longli 1 （ Chenopod/um qu/noa Willd） was the first new quinoa variety in China, which was bred by Pasture and Green Agriculture Institute of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences through the methods of line breeding, cultivation and domestication. In muhipeint regional test, the average yield of Longli 1 was 2 100. （30 kg/hm2, which was increased by 9.6% compared to Jingle qulnoa. Langli 1 was a mid-late mature quinoa variety. The plant was brcom-shape, with the plant height of 181.2 - 223.6 cm, the growth period of 128 - 140 d, and the branch number of 23 - 27. The seeds were round pill shaped, with 1 000-grain weight of 2.40 -3.46 g. The contents of crude protein, fat, proline and total phosphorus in seeds were 171.5 -187.8, 56.5 -59.3, 5.5 -6.9 and 4.5 -6.8 g/kg, re- spectively. I_ongli 1 presented resistance against downy mildew and leaf spot, with strong disease-resistant ability. In multipeint regional test and production test, Longli 1 displayed lodging resistance with strong regeneration ability. It also presented resistance to cold, drought, saline and alkaline, and barren, with wide adaptability. Longh 1 was suitable for planting in mountains, plain field and irrigation area with frost-free period greater than 120 d, rainfall more than 250 mm, and altitude 1 500 -3 000 m. The application prospects of quinoa were also put forward in the paper.展开更多
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shun(TIPS)is an effective procedure for the treatment of portal hypertension complications such as esophagogastric variceal bleeding and refractory ascites.To date,its use by ma...Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shun(TIPS)is an effective procedure for the treatment of portal hypertension complications such as esophagogastric variceal bleeding and refractory ascites.To date,its use by many experts and scholars at home and abroad has benefitted countless patients.In order to further promote the development and innovation of TIPS in China,this paper briefly reviews the development process of TIPS at home and abroad,objectively analyzes the bottlenecks and breakthrough achievements in the development of TIPS,and discusses the application status and research progress of TIPS technology for different indications.Finally,we provide an outlook about the development and application of TIPS in China.展开更多
In this paper, a modified temperature-phase transformation-stress/strain field coupled 3D non-linear mathematical model was used in the computer simulation on heat treatment processes of workpieces including catch jaw...In this paper, a modified temperature-phase transformation-stress/strain field coupled 3D non-linear mathematical model was used in the computer simulation on heat treatment processes of workpieces including catch jaw, anchor ring, cold roller, large-scale bearing roller, nitriding crank shaft, etc. The simulation on complicated technologies such as pre-cooled quenching, double media quenching, self-tempering, difference temperature heating, nitriding distortion was carried out. The optimum design of heat treatment technology has been realized. The successful application of computer simulation on heat treatment have also been demonstrated.展开更多
In order to widen the application of microcrystalline magnesite, the microcrystalline magnesite in Sichuan and Tibet area was used as the raw material to prepare light-burned MgO at 700,800,900, 1 000, 1 100 and I 200...In order to widen the application of microcrystalline magnesite, the microcrystalline magnesite in Sichuan and Tibet area was used as the raw material to prepare light-burned MgO at 700,800,900, 1 000, 1 100 and I 200 ~C for 3 h, respectively. Then the physical and chemical properties of the light-burned MgO were detec- ted, and its application prospect was analyzed. The re- sults show that： （1） microcrystalline magnesite com- pletely decomposes forming light-burned MgO calcined at the temperature range of 700 - 1 200 ~C ; the MgO con- tent of the light-burned MgO is higher than 96. 51% ; the chemical activity is 88 - 130 s and the grain size is 40 - 200 nm ; it has the advantages of high purity, high activity and fine grain; （2） the light-burned MgO pre- pared with microcrystalline magnesite can be widely used in many industries; it can be used in refractories indus- try to prepare high-purity sintered magnesia and large crystal fused magnesia, or as an additive for refractory products, etc. ; it can also be used in magnesium chemi- cal industry to prepare electrical grade magnesia, sili- con-steel magnesia, environmental friendly flame retard- ant magnesium hydroxide, magnesium sulfate fertilizer, pharmaceutical grade magnesia, food grade magnesia, etc.展开更多
基金Supported by the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.825RC898)and Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center.
文摘ChatGPT technology based on large language models(LLM)shows great potential in improving the quality of medical care,assisting clinical decision making and optimizing patient communication.The role of ChatGPT in ophthalmology is still in its infancy.This review aims to explore the application prospect of ChatGPT in ophthalmology.Relevant literature was reviewed and analyzed,and the application prospects of LLM represented by ChatGPT in ophthalmology were summarized,including clinical assisted diagnosis,patient education and communication,history collection and text writing,clinical research,and medical education,etc.At the same time,the challenges and solutions faced by ChatGPT in ophthalmology were pointed out.Its safety,efficacy and ethics remain controversial in practical applications.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the supervision and research on its application to ensure safety and effectiveness.In the future,with the development of technology,ChatGPT is expected to play a greater role in ophthalmology and enhance the medical experience.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41962016)the Natural Science Foundation of NingXia(Nos.2023AAC02023,2023A1218,and 2021AAC02006).
文摘Soil improvement is one of the most important issues in geotechnical engineering practice.The wide application of traditional improvement techniques(cement/chemical materials)are limited due to damage ecological en-vironment and intensify carbon emissions.However,the use of microbially induced calcium carbonate pre-cipitation(MICP)to obtain bio-cement is a novel technique with the potential to induce soil stability,providing a low-carbon,environment-friendly,and sustainable integrated solution for some geotechnical engineering pro-blems in the environment.This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest progress in soil improvement based on the MICP strategy.It systematically summarizes and overviews the mineralization mechanism,influ-encing factors,improved methods,engineering characteristics,and current field application status of the MICP.Additionally,it also explores the limitations and correspondingly proposes prospective applications via the MICP approach for soil improvement.This review indicates that the utilization of different environmental calcium-based wastes in MICP and combination of materials and MICP are conducive to meeting engineering and market demand.Furthermore,we recommend and encourage global collaborative study and practice with a view to commercializing MICP technique in the future.The current review purports to provide insights for engineers and interdisciplinary researchers,and guidance for future engineering applications.
文摘Due to their high water content,stimulus responsiveness,and biocompatibility,hydrogels,which are functional materials with a three-dimensional network structure,are widely applied in fields such as biomedicine,environmental monitoring,and flexible electronics.This paper provides a systematic review of hydrogel charac-terization methods and their applications,focusing on primary evaluation techniques for physical properties(e.g.,mechanical strength,swelling behavior,and pore structure),chemical properties(e.g.,composition,crosslink density,and degradation behavior),biocompatibility,and functional properties(e.g.,drug release,environmental stimulus response,and conductivity).It analyzes the challenges currently faced by characterization methods,such as a lack of standardization,difficulties in dynamic monitoring,an insufficient micro-macro correlation,and poor adaptability to complex environments.It proposes solutions,such as a hierarchical standardization system,in situ imaging technology,cross-scale characterization,and biomimetic testing platforms.Looking ahead,hydrogel characterization techniques will evolve toward intelligent,real-time,multimodal coupling and standardized approaches.These techniques will provide superior technical support for precision medicine,environmental restoration,and flexible electronics.They will also offer systematic methodological guidance for the performance optimization and practical application of hydrogel materials.
文摘With the advancement of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),TCM granules have emerged and garnered widespread attention.This study provides a comprehensive review of the development of TCM granules,analyzing their characteristics in terms of ease of use,quality stability,and pharmacodynamic advantages.It also explores their broad application prospects in clinical TCM treatment and preventive healthcare.Through an integrative analysis of relevant research literature,the study highlights the significant value and vast development potential of TCM granules in modern medicine.The article aims to offer valuable references for the modernization and internationalization of TCM while promoting the continuous development and innovative application of TCM granules in the field of traditional Chinese medicine.
基金the support of the SPARC project(P3808)UKIERI-4 Strand 1 Institutional Research&Mobility Partnerships Grant(45580615 UKIERISPARC/01/18)under the Indo-UK schemeSKT extends heartfelt gratitude to Nitte University for providing the research grant(grant no.NUFR-23-070)。
文摘Magnesium alloys have emerged as promising light weight materials due to their low density,high specific strength,excellent machinability,and superior damping capacity,making them ideal for aerospace,automotive,and electronics applications.However,broader use of magnesium alloys is limited by poor thermo-mechanical performance,corrosion susceptibility,and low formability at room temperature.The addition of rare-earth elements such as gadolinium,yttrium,and neodymium has meaningfully improved these limitations,enhancing the overall performance of magnesium alloys.This review highlights recent advancements in rare-earth magnesium alloys,focusing on their improved thermo-mechanical properties,microstructural evolution,crystallization behavior,and texture development.Herein,strengthening mechanisms associated with rare-earth additions are discussed in detail.Furthermore,the article explores growing relevance of these alloys in advanced applications,including biomedical implants,Io T devices,aerospace structures,defense systems,and general engineering.With their enhanced mechanical and functional properties,rare-earth magnesium alloys represent a new generation of high-performance,functional materials poised to drive innovation across multiple technology sectors.
文摘As a cutting-edge technology in the field of medical robotics,vascular interventional surgical robots have made remarkable progress in recent years.This paper focuses on the technological innovations of vascular interventional surgical robots,with particular attention to the system developed by Xu’s team that rapidly secured national patents through China’s Green Innovation Fast-Track.The article elaborates on its key breakthroughs in haptic force feedback,master-slave control accuracy,and multimodal image fusion,and discusses the potential clinical advantages these innovations confer.By benchmarking the system against comparable technologies at home and abroad,the paper forecasts its future applications in healthcare and provides a reference for subsequent R&D and clinical adoption.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160172)the Key Science-Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2023KYPT0010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN03006)the 2023 Inner Mongolia Public Institution High-Level Talent Introduction Scientific Research Support Project.
文摘Environmental DNA(eDNA)technology has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring with its non-invasive,sensitive,and cost-efficient approach.This paper systematically reviews eDNA advancements,examining its applications in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and assessing China’s standardization progress.It delineates four developmental phases from single-species detection to high-throughput sequencing,and highlights China’s contribution to the development of technical standards.While significant progress has been made,challenges persist in quantitative accuracy,methodological consistency,and large-scale implementation.Future efforts should prioritize enhanced standardization,improved quantification techniques,broader applications,and international collaboration to drive innovation in eDNA technology.
基金support from the Contract Research(“Development of Breathable Fabrics with Nano-Electrospun Membrane”,CityU ref.:9231419“Research and application of antibacterial and healing-promoting smart nanofiber dressing for children’s burn wounds”,CityU ref:PJ9240111)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(“Study of Multi-Responsive Shape Memory Polyurethane Nanocomposites Inspired by Natural Fibers”,Grant No.51673162)Startup Grant of CityU(“Laboratory of Wearable Materials for Healthcare”,Grant No.9380116).
文摘Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.
文摘Liver transplantation(LT)remains the optimal life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage liver disease.Despite the recent advances in LT several barriers,including organ allocation,donor-recipient matching,and patient education,persist.With the growing progress of artificial intelligence,particularly large language models(LLMs)like ChatGPT,new applications have emerged in the field of LT.Current studies demonstrating usage of ChatGPT in LT include various areas of application,from clinical settings to research and education.ChatGPT usage can benefit both healthcare professionals,by decreasing the time spent on non-clinical work,but also LT recipients by providing accurate information.Future potential applications include the expanding usage of ChatGPT and other LLMs in the field of LT pathology and radiology as well as the automated creation of discharge summaries or other related paperwork.Additionally,the next models of ChatGPT might have the potential to provide more accurate patient education material with increased readability.Although ChatGPT usage presents promising applications,there are certain ethical and practical limitations.Key concerns include patient data privacy,information accuracy,misinformation possibility and lack of legal framework.Healthcare providers and policymakers should collaborate for the establishment of a controlled framework for the safe use of ChatGPT.The aim of this minireview is to summarize current literature on ChatGPT in LT,highlighting both opportunities and limitations,while also providing future possible applications.
基金funded by the Chronic Disease Management Research Project of National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center 2025(GWJJMB202510024146)the Post-Subsidy Project for Standard Development of Guizhou Provincial Market Supervision and Administration Bureau 2025(DB52/T1726-2023)the Guizhou Provincial Health Commission Science and Technology Fund Project(gzwkj2024-076,gzwkj2026-146).
文摘Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a leading cause of vision loss among working-age populations,with early screening significantly reducing the risk of blindness.However,resource-limited regions often face challenges in DR screening due to a shortage of ophthalmologists.This study reports the implementation and outcomes of the Chinese local standard DB52/T 1726-2023,Regulations for the application of diabetic retinopathy screening artificial intelligence,in Cambodian healthcare institutions.A pilot DR screening program with independent operational capability is established by providing a non-mydriatic fundus camera and deploying a localized diabetic retinopathy artificial intelligence(DR-AI)screening platform at the Cambodia-Kingdom Friendship Hospital in Phnom Penh,along with comprehensive training.From January to August 2025,a total of 565 patients with type 2 diabetes were screened,yielding a DR detection rate of 26.0%(147 cases).Research findings demonstrate that applying mature Chinese DR-AI screening standards and technological solutions through international collaboration in regions with a scarcity of ophthalmic professionals is both feasible and effective.This project serves as a reference for promoting DR-AI in resource-constrained countries and regions,highlighting its significant potential to leverage AI in addressing the global burden of chronic diseases and advancing the modernization of health systems.
基金supported by the High-level Talents Introduction Plan from Central South University(No.502045003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42277438)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2024JJ2082)to Fang Xiao,and the Postgraduate Independent Exploration and Innovation Project of Central South University,China(Nos.2024ZZTS0557 and 2023ZZTS0993)。
文摘Existing evidence suggests residential greenness is beneficial to human,while no research to date explored the associations of greenness with age-related macular degeneration(AMD).To evaluate the association of greenness with AMD,modification and mediation effect of air pollution,we conducted this prospective study.We con-structed weighted quantile sum(WQS)index as co-exposure to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),particulate matter<2.5μm(PM_(2.5)),particulate matter<10μm(PM10).Stratified Cox regression models were applied to test the effect of exposure.Effect modification of air pollution was assessed.Stratified Cox models through the indirect method and Aalen additive risk models were used in mediation analysis.Over median follow-up of 11.67 years,4596 AMD events were ascertained.Hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)of incident AMD for pollution per interquartile range(IQR)increment were 1.10(1.04–1.16)for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)),1.09(1.03–1.15)for NO_(x),1.14(1.05–1.24)for PM_(2.5),1.13(1.05–1.21)for PM10.The HR(95%CI)of AMD associated with greenness 1000 m buffer per IQR increment was 0.91(0.86–0.97),300 m buffer was 0.94(0.89–0.99).The as-sociation between greenness 1000 m and AMD was 28.59%,44.77%,35.59%,32.31%and 27.08%mediated by the decreased WQS index,NO_(2),NO_(x),PM_(2.5) and PM10,respectively.Increased greenness was associated with lower AMD incidence,and air pollution partly mediate it,which implies that interventions aimed at improving air quality and increasing greenness could have a dual benefit in mitigating AMD risk.
文摘The integration of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Machine Learning(ML)into groundwater exploration and water resources management has emerged as a transformative approach to addressing global water challenges.This review explores key AI and ML concepts,methodologies,and their applications in hydrology,focusing on groundwater potential mapping,water quality prediction,and groundwater level forecasting.It discusses various data acquisition techniques,including remote sensing,geospatial analysis,and geophysical surveys,alongside preprocessing methods that are essential for enhancing model accuracy.The study highlights AI-driven solutions in water distribution,allocation optimization,and realtime resource management.Despite their advantages,the application of AI and ML in water sciences faces several challenges,including data scarcity,model reliability,and the integration of these tools with traditional water management systems.Ethical and regulatory concerns also demand careful consideration.The paper also outlines future research directions,emphasizing the need for improved data collection,interpretable models,real-time monitoring capabilities,and interdisciplinary collaboration.By leveraging AI and ML advancements,the water sector can enhance decision-making,optimize resource distribution,and support the development of sustainable water management strategies.
文摘Standards are the common language that consolidates global consensus and builds the most solid foundation for international partnerships.They are the cornerstone for global sustainable and high-quality development.Young students,with their active and vibrant minds,represent the future and hope of standardization.
基金supported by the sub-project“Research and Application of In-Situ Value-Added Water-Soluble Fertilizer Application Technology”(Grant No.2023YFD1700204-3)under the 14th Five-Year National Key R&D Program Project“Development and Industrialization of Novel Green Value-Added Fertilizers”.
文摘Salinization of agricultural land is becoming increasingly severe worldwide,posing a significant threat to food security.The exogenous application of bioactive substances has been widely used to enhance plant resistance to salt stress.In this study,we used corn steep liquor(CSL),myo-inositol(MI),and their combination to improve salt tolerance in Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa L.ssp.pekinensis)under salt stress conditions.All three treatments significantly increased plant biomass and nutrient uptake,and improved soil physicochemical properties,while alleviating oxidative damage and ion toxicity.
文摘Based on the evolution of farming revolution in Fengyan aiming to create a healthier and more beautiful human existence and a harmonious coexistence with nature, this study introduced Fenlong green agriculture, which had the characteristics of natural yield increase of more than 10% with zero fertilization, and yield increase of 10%-30%, quality improvement of 5% and doubled land water holding capacity with the conventional fertilization in over 20 crops in more than 20 provinces, and significant reforming efficiency on salinized land and grassland; for the first time made a comprehensive description of high efficient application of Fenlong green modern agriculture to explore natural resources, realizing the sustainable develop- ment of quality improvement, yield increase and efficiency enhancement; for the first time clarified the scientific basis and theoretical system of the green efficient mod- ern agricultural technique-Fenlong cultivation, as well as the basic connotations and concepts of Fenlong cultivation, green efficient modern agricultural technical system; created a new model of efficient modern agricultural production and new technology system, and 6 major technical projects like cultivated land improvement to increase yield and transformation of salinized land and grassland, which could play a role in relieving the climatic disasters like haze, transformation of farmland with medium to low yield as well as the construction of high standard farmland, sucrose industry and ＂One Road One Belt＂ strategy; for the first time proposed Fenlong cultivation as the ＂China technology card＂ in China and even the whole world, so as to make people understand the particular significance of this technology to green develop- ment, which could benefit the future generations.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund[CX(13)3032]Jiangsu Six Category Outstanding Talent(NY-031)Nanjing Innovation Fund for Small and Mediumsized Technology-based Firms(2013074)~~
文摘The development of Chinese agriculture is now facing the grim situation of decreasing farmland area, increasing population and social demands, so the devel- opment of protected horticulture becomes necessary to solve the issue. This paper reviewed the characteristics of traditional horticulture films and application prospects of new functional films.
基金Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Gansu Province"Key Technology for Introduction,Innovation and Cultivation of Quinoa"(GNCX-2013-48)Youth Fund Project of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences"Effect of Agronomic Measures on Growth Characteristics and Production Performance of Quinoa"(2014GAAS34)
文摘Longli 1 （ Chenopod/um qu/noa Willd） was the first new quinoa variety in China, which was bred by Pasture and Green Agriculture Institute of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences through the methods of line breeding, cultivation and domestication. In muhipeint regional test, the average yield of Longli 1 was 2 100. （30 kg/hm2, which was increased by 9.6% compared to Jingle qulnoa. Langli 1 was a mid-late mature quinoa variety. The plant was brcom-shape, with the plant height of 181.2 - 223.6 cm, the growth period of 128 - 140 d, and the branch number of 23 - 27. The seeds were round pill shaped, with 1 000-grain weight of 2.40 -3.46 g. The contents of crude protein, fat, proline and total phosphorus in seeds were 171.5 -187.8, 56.5 -59.3, 5.5 -6.9 and 4.5 -6.8 g/kg, re- spectively. I_ongli 1 presented resistance against downy mildew and leaf spot, with strong disease-resistant ability. In multipeint regional test and production test, Longli 1 displayed lodging resistance with strong regeneration ability. It also presented resistance to cold, drought, saline and alkaline, and barren, with wide adaptability. Longh 1 was suitable for planting in mountains, plain field and irrigation area with frost-free period greater than 120 d, rainfall more than 250 mm, and altitude 1 500 -3 000 m. The application prospects of quinoa were also put forward in the paper.
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81630053,81873918)。
文摘Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shun(TIPS)is an effective procedure for the treatment of portal hypertension complications such as esophagogastric variceal bleeding and refractory ascites.To date,its use by many experts and scholars at home and abroad has benefitted countless patients.In order to further promote the development and innovation of TIPS in China,this paper briefly reviews the development process of TIPS at home and abroad,objectively analyzes the bottlenecks and breakthrough achievements in the development of TIPS,and discusses the application status and research progress of TIPS technology for different indications.Finally,we provide an outlook about the development and application of TIPS in China.
文摘In this paper, a modified temperature-phase transformation-stress/strain field coupled 3D non-linear mathematical model was used in the computer simulation on heat treatment processes of workpieces including catch jaw, anchor ring, cold roller, large-scale bearing roller, nitriding crank shaft, etc. The simulation on complicated technologies such as pre-cooled quenching, double media quenching, self-tempering, difference temperature heating, nitriding distortion was carried out. The optimum design of heat treatment technology has been realized. The successful application of computer simulation on heat treatment have also been demonstrated.
文摘In order to widen the application of microcrystalline magnesite, the microcrystalline magnesite in Sichuan and Tibet area was used as the raw material to prepare light-burned MgO at 700,800,900, 1 000, 1 100 and I 200 ~C for 3 h, respectively. Then the physical and chemical properties of the light-burned MgO were detec- ted, and its application prospect was analyzed. The re- sults show that： （1） microcrystalline magnesite com- pletely decomposes forming light-burned MgO calcined at the temperature range of 700 - 1 200 ~C ; the MgO con- tent of the light-burned MgO is higher than 96. 51% ; the chemical activity is 88 - 130 s and the grain size is 40 - 200 nm ; it has the advantages of high purity, high activity and fine grain; （2） the light-burned MgO pre- pared with microcrystalline magnesite can be widely used in many industries; it can be used in refractories indus- try to prepare high-purity sintered magnesia and large crystal fused magnesia, or as an additive for refractory products, etc. ; it can also be used in magnesium chemi- cal industry to prepare electrical grade magnesia, sili- con-steel magnesia, environmental friendly flame retard- ant magnesium hydroxide, magnesium sulfate fertilizer, pharmaceutical grade magnesia, food grade magnesia, etc.
