Along with the introduction of the concept of dual-channel communication,we utilized the finite-difference time-domain（FDTD） method to simulate and measure the radiation pattern under certain plasma densities and pl...Along with the introduction of the concept of dual-channel communication,we utilized the finite-difference time-domain（FDTD） method to simulate and measure the radiation pattern under certain plasma densities and plasma collision frequencies.Results show that under certain settings,the radiation pattern of a plasma antenna resembles that of a metallic antenna.In contrast to a metallic antenna,a plasma antenna possesses other functionalities,such as dynamic reconfiguration and digital controllability.The data from simulation are similar to the measurement results,indicating that column plasma antenna can realize dual-channel communication.This work confirms the viability of realizing dual-channel communication by column plasma antenna,which adds a new but promising method for modern intelligent communication.展开更多
New requirements in communication technologies make it imperative to rehash conventional features such as reconfigurable antennas to adapt with the future adaptability advancements.This paper presents a comprehensive ...New requirements in communication technologies make it imperative to rehash conventional features such as reconfigurable antennas to adapt with the future adaptability advancements.This paper presents a comprehensive review of reconfigurable antennas,specifically in terms of radiation patterns for adaptation in the upcoming Fifth Generation(5G)New Radio frequency bands.They represent the key of antenna technology for materializing a high rate transmission,increased spectral and energy efficiency,reduced interference,and improved the beam steering and beam shaping,thereby land a great promise for planar antennas to boost the mid-band 5G.This review begins with an overview of the underlying principals in reconfiguring radiation patterns,followed by the presentations of the implemented innovative antenna topologies to suit particular advanced features.The various adaptation techniques of radiation pattern reconfigurable planar antennas and the understanding of its antenna design approaches has been investigated for its radiation pattern enhancement.A variety of design configurations have also been critically studied for their compatibilities to be operated in the midband communication systems.The review provides new insights on pattern reconfigurable antenna where such antennas are categorized as beam steering antenna and beamshaping antennas where the operation modes and purposes are clearly investigated.The review also revealed that for mid-band 5G communication,the commonly used electronic switching such as PIN diodes have sufficient isolation loss to provide the required beam performance.展开更多
This paper presents an array pattern synthesis algorithm for arbitrary arrays based on coordinate descent method (CDM). With this algorithm, the complex element weights are found to minimize a weighted L2 norm of the ...This paper presents an array pattern synthesis algorithm for arbitrary arrays based on coordinate descent method (CDM). With this algorithm, the complex element weights are found to minimize a weighted L2 norm of the difference between desired and achieved pattern. Compared with traditional optimization techniques, CDM is easy to implement and efficient to reach the optimum solutions. Main advantage is the flexibility. CDM is suitable for linear and planar array with arbitrary array elements on arbitrary positions. With this method, we can configure arbitrary beam pattern, which gives it the ability to solve variety of beam forming problem, e.g. focused beam, shaped beam, nulls at arbitrary direction and with arbitrary beam width. CDM is applicable for phase-only and amplitude-only arrays as well, and furthermore, it is a suitable method to treat the problem of array with element failures.展开更多
In this paper, we introduce a novel merger of antenna arrays with scanning beam patterns, and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Controlled time varying phase shifts are applied to the antenna ...In this paper, we introduce a novel merger of antenna arrays with scanning beam patterns, and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Controlled time varying phase shifts are applied to the antenna array elements mounted at the base station with beam patterns directed toward the desired user. This creates a small beam pattern movement called Beam Pattern Scanning (BPS). In rich scattering environments BPS creates a time varying environment leading to time diversity exploitable at the receiver enhances its probability-of-error performance. Here, we apply OFDM signals to BPS antenna arrays, and we achieve: (1) directionality, which supports Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA);and (2) a time diversity gain, which leads to high performance. We discuss the structure of the base station antenna array and the OFDM receiver that exploits time diversity. We also introduce the merger of BPS and multi-carrier OFDM (MC-OFDM) systems. In MC-OFDM each bit is transmitted over all sub-carriers after serial to parallel conversion. BPS/ MC-OFDM receiver exploits both time diversity inherent in BPS, and frequency diversity inherent in MC-OFDM transmission technique. Simulation results show high Probability-of-error performance is achie- vable via BPS/OFDM and BPS/MC-OFDM schemes comparing to the traditional OFDM and MC-OFDM, respectively. Simulations also reveal that MC-OFDM system as well as its merger with BPS is capable of mitigating large Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAPR) problem in traditional OFDM system. In addition, performance simulations with coded OFDM (COFDM) and coded MC-OFDM (MC-COFDM) and their merger with BPS are studied.展开更多
Three design methods for wireless power transmission(WPT)systems using antenna arrays have been investigated.The three methods,corresponding to three common application scenarios of WPT systems,are based on the method...Three design methods for wireless power transmission(WPT)systems using antenna arrays have been investigated.The three methods,corresponding to three common application scenarios of WPT systems,are based on the method of maximum power transmission efficiency(MMPTE)between two antenna arrays.They are unconstrained MMPTE,weighted MMPTE,and constrained MMPTE.To demonstrate the optimal design process with the three methods,a WPT system operating at 2.45 GHz is designed,simulated,and fabricated,in which the transmitting(Tx)array,consisting of 36 microstrip patch elements,is configured as a square and the receiving(Rx)array,consisting of 5 patch elements,is configured as an L shape.The power transmission efficiency(PTE)is then maximized for the three application scenarios,which yields the maximum possible PTEs and the optimized distributions of excitations for both Tx and Rx arrays.The feeding networks are then built based on the optimized distributions of excitations.Simulations and experiments reveal that the unconstrained MMPTE,which corresponds to the application scenario where no radiation pattern shaping is involved,yields the highest PTE.The next highest PTE belongs to the weighted MMPTE,where the power levels at all the receiving elements are imposed to be equal.The constrained MMPTE has the lowest PTE,corresponding to the scenario in which the radiated power pattern is assumed to be flat along with the Rx array.展开更多
近年来,雷达前视成像技术由于具备广泛的应用价值越来越受到重视,超分辨卷积反演技术是实现前视成像的一种重要技术途径。然而,基于阵列体制的扫描雷达在大范围扫描时会产生天线方向图空变,导致超分辨性能下降。针对该问题,提出了一种...近年来,雷达前视成像技术由于具备广泛的应用价值越来越受到重视,超分辨卷积反演技术是实现前视成像的一种重要技术途径。然而,基于阵列体制的扫描雷达在大范围扫描时会产生天线方向图空变,导致超分辨性能下降。针对该问题,提出了一种适用于阵列扫描雷达的前视稀疏超分辨成像方法。首先,考虑并分析了天线方向图空变性的产生原因,导出了修正天线卷积矩阵,实现了对扫描过程的精准表征;其次,在目标稀疏假设的前提下,构建了相应的目标函数;最后,采用基于重加权策略的交替方向乘子法(Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers,ADMM)方法求解目标函数,实现了稀疏目标有效重建。实验结果表明,所提方法能实现4倍左右的分辨率提升,能有效提升雷达对前视目标区域的探测感知能力。展开更多
文摘Along with the introduction of the concept of dual-channel communication,we utilized the finite-difference time-domain（FDTD） method to simulate and measure the radiation pattern under certain plasma densities and plasma collision frequencies.Results show that under certain settings,the radiation pattern of a plasma antenna resembles that of a metallic antenna.In contrast to a metallic antenna,a plasma antenna possesses other functionalities,such as dynamic reconfiguration and digital controllability.The data from simulation are similar to the measurement results,indicating that column plasma antenna can realize dual-channel communication.This work confirms the viability of realizing dual-channel communication by column plasma antenna,which adds a new but promising method for modern intelligent communication.
基金This work was supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University,Saudi Arabia.
文摘New requirements in communication technologies make it imperative to rehash conventional features such as reconfigurable antennas to adapt with the future adaptability advancements.This paper presents a comprehensive review of reconfigurable antennas,specifically in terms of radiation patterns for adaptation in the upcoming Fifth Generation(5G)New Radio frequency bands.They represent the key of antenna technology for materializing a high rate transmission,increased spectral and energy efficiency,reduced interference,and improved the beam steering and beam shaping,thereby land a great promise for planar antennas to boost the mid-band 5G.This review begins with an overview of the underlying principals in reconfiguring radiation patterns,followed by the presentations of the implemented innovative antenna topologies to suit particular advanced features.The various adaptation techniques of radiation pattern reconfigurable planar antennas and the understanding of its antenna design approaches has been investigated for its radiation pattern enhancement.A variety of design configurations have also been critically studied for their compatibilities to be operated in the midband communication systems.The review provides new insights on pattern reconfigurable antenna where such antennas are categorized as beam steering antenna and beamshaping antennas where the operation modes and purposes are clearly investigated.The review also revealed that for mid-band 5G communication,the commonly used electronic switching such as PIN diodes have sufficient isolation loss to provide the required beam performance.
文摘This paper presents an array pattern synthesis algorithm for arbitrary arrays based on coordinate descent method (CDM). With this algorithm, the complex element weights are found to minimize a weighted L2 norm of the difference between desired and achieved pattern. Compared with traditional optimization techniques, CDM is easy to implement and efficient to reach the optimum solutions. Main advantage is the flexibility. CDM is suitable for linear and planar array with arbitrary array elements on arbitrary positions. With this method, we can configure arbitrary beam pattern, which gives it the ability to solve variety of beam forming problem, e.g. focused beam, shaped beam, nulls at arbitrary direction and with arbitrary beam width. CDM is applicable for phase-only and amplitude-only arrays as well, and furthermore, it is a suitable method to treat the problem of array with element failures.
文摘In this paper, we introduce a novel merger of antenna arrays with scanning beam patterns, and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Controlled time varying phase shifts are applied to the antenna array elements mounted at the base station with beam patterns directed toward the desired user. This creates a small beam pattern movement called Beam Pattern Scanning (BPS). In rich scattering environments BPS creates a time varying environment leading to time diversity exploitable at the receiver enhances its probability-of-error performance. Here, we apply OFDM signals to BPS antenna arrays, and we achieve: (1) directionality, which supports Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA);and (2) a time diversity gain, which leads to high performance. We discuss the structure of the base station antenna array and the OFDM receiver that exploits time diversity. We also introduce the merger of BPS and multi-carrier OFDM (MC-OFDM) systems. In MC-OFDM each bit is transmitted over all sub-carriers after serial to parallel conversion. BPS/ MC-OFDM receiver exploits both time diversity inherent in BPS, and frequency diversity inherent in MC-OFDM transmission technique. Simulation results show high Probability-of-error performance is achie- vable via BPS/OFDM and BPS/MC-OFDM schemes comparing to the traditional OFDM and MC-OFDM, respectively. Simulations also reveal that MC-OFDM system as well as its merger with BPS is capable of mitigating large Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAPR) problem in traditional OFDM system. In addition, performance simulations with coded OFDM (COFDM) and coded MC-OFDM (MC-COFDM) and their merger with BPS are studied.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61971231.
文摘Three design methods for wireless power transmission(WPT)systems using antenna arrays have been investigated.The three methods,corresponding to three common application scenarios of WPT systems,are based on the method of maximum power transmission efficiency(MMPTE)between two antenna arrays.They are unconstrained MMPTE,weighted MMPTE,and constrained MMPTE.To demonstrate the optimal design process with the three methods,a WPT system operating at 2.45 GHz is designed,simulated,and fabricated,in which the transmitting(Tx)array,consisting of 36 microstrip patch elements,is configured as a square and the receiving(Rx)array,consisting of 5 patch elements,is configured as an L shape.The power transmission efficiency(PTE)is then maximized for the three application scenarios,which yields the maximum possible PTEs and the optimized distributions of excitations for both Tx and Rx arrays.The feeding networks are then built based on the optimized distributions of excitations.Simulations and experiments reveal that the unconstrained MMPTE,which corresponds to the application scenario where no radiation pattern shaping is involved,yields the highest PTE.The next highest PTE belongs to the weighted MMPTE,where the power levels at all the receiving elements are imposed to be equal.The constrained MMPTE has the lowest PTE,corresponding to the scenario in which the radiated power pattern is assumed to be flat along with the Rx array.
文摘近年来,雷达前视成像技术由于具备广泛的应用价值越来越受到重视,超分辨卷积反演技术是实现前视成像的一种重要技术途径。然而,基于阵列体制的扫描雷达在大范围扫描时会产生天线方向图空变,导致超分辨性能下降。针对该问题,提出了一种适用于阵列扫描雷达的前视稀疏超分辨成像方法。首先,考虑并分析了天线方向图空变性的产生原因,导出了修正天线卷积矩阵,实现了对扫描过程的精准表征;其次,在目标稀疏假设的前提下,构建了相应的目标函数;最后,采用基于重加权策略的交替方向乘子法(Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers,ADMM)方法求解目标函数,实现了稀疏目标有效重建。实验结果表明,所提方法能实现4倍左右的分辨率提升,能有效提升雷达对前视目标区域的探测感知能力。
