BACKGROUND In an era leaning toward a personalized alignment of total knee arthroplasty,coronal plane alignment of the knee(CPAK)phenotypes for each population are studied;furthermore,other possible variables affectin...BACKGROUND In an era leaning toward a personalized alignment of total knee arthroplasty,coronal plane alignment of the knee(CPAK)phenotypes for each population are studied;furthermore,other possible variables affecting the alignment,such as ankle joint alignment,should be considered.AIM To determine CPAK distribution in the North African(Egyptian)population with knee osteoarthritis and to assess ankle joint line orientation(AJLO)adaptations across different CPAK types.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with primary knee osteoarthritis and normal ankle joints.Radiographic parameters included the mechanical lateral distal femoral angle,medial proximal tibial angle,and the derived calculations of joint line obliquity(JLO)and arithmetic hip-knee-ankle angle(aHKA).The tibial plafond horizontal angle(TPHA)was used for AJLO assessment,where 0°is neutral(type N),<0°is varus(type A),and>0°is valgus(type B).The nine CPAK types were further divided into 27 subtypes after incorporating the three AJLO types.RESULTS A total of 527 patients(1054 knees)were included for CPAK classification,and 435 patients(870 knees and ankles)for AJLO assessment.The mean age was 57.2±7.8 years,with 79.5%females.Most knees(76.4%)demonstrated varus alignment(mean aHKA was-5.51°±4.84°)and apex distal JLO(55.3%)(mean JLO was 176.43°±4.53°).CPAK types I(44.3%),IV(28.6%),and II(10%)were the most common.Regarding AJLO,70.2%of ankles exhibited varus orientation(mean TPHA was-5.21°±6.45°).The most frequent combined subtypes were CPAK type I-A(33.7%),IV-A(21.5%),and I-N(6.9%).A significant positive correlation was found between the TPHA and aHKA(r=0.40,P<0.001).CONCLUSION In this North African cohort,varus knee alignment with apex distal JLO and varus AJLO predominated.CPAK types I,IV,and II were the most common types,while subtypes I-A,IV-A,and I-N were commonly occurring after incorporating AJLO types;furthermore,the AJLO was significantly correlated to aHKA.展开更多
Presetting tensile twins(TTs)can enhance the mechanical properties of magnesium(Mg)alloys.Two as-received(AR)sheets,as-received state-A(AR-A)with fiber texture and nonuniform grains and as-received state-B with basal ...Presetting tensile twins(TTs)can enhance the mechanical properties of magnesium(Mg)alloys.Two as-received(AR)sheets,as-received state-A(AR-A)with fiber texture and nonuniform grains and as-received state-B with basal texture and uniform equiaxial grains are selected to induce TTs via a novel method called corrugated wide limit alignment(CWLA),and the corresponding CWLA-processed sheets are denoted as CWLA-processed state-A(C-A)and CWLA-processed state-B(C-B).The results demonstrate that a larger initial average grain size correlates with a higher fraction of TTs induced in Mg sheets,thereby refining the grains and forming a new rolling direction(RD)tilted texture during CWLA.The ultimate tensile strength increases by 32%from AR-A to C-A,primarily due to refinement strengthening and twinning-induced strain hardening.The recrystallization mechanism of C-A is dominated by twinning-induced dynamic recrystallization(DRX),where DRX grains prefer to inherit the orientation of TTs,resulting in an enhanced RD-tilted texture and the formation of multi-modal texture.The recrystallization mechanism of C-B is mainly discontinuous DRX and continuous DRX,and the DRX grains prefer to inherit the orientation of matrix grains,ultimately forming a basal texture.In summary,the tensile mechanical behavior of pre-twinned Mg sheets significantly depends on the grain size and texture of the AR sheets,so they present similar changing trends during tensile deformation.展开更多
Electronic structures of the artificial molecule comprising two truncated pyramidal quantum dots vertically coupled and embedded in the matrix are theoretically analysed via the finite element method. When the quantum...Electronic structures of the artificial molecule comprising two truncated pyramidal quantum dots vertically coupled and embedded in the matrix are theoretically analysed via the finite element method. When the quantum dots are completely aligned, the electron energy levels decrease with the horizontally applied electric field. However, energy levels may have the maxima at non-zero electric field if the dots are staggered by a distance of several nanometers in the same direction of the electric field. In addition to shifting the energy levels, the electric field can also manipulate the electron wavefunctions confined in the quantum dots, in company with the non-perfect alignment.展开更多
Solid-state polymer electrolytes are crucial for advancing solid-state lithium-metal batteries owing to their flexibility,excellent manufacturability,and strong interfacial compatibility.However,their widespread appli...Solid-state polymer electrolytes are crucial for advancing solid-state lithium-metal batteries owing to their flexibility,excellent manufacturability,and strong interfacial compatibility.However,their widespread applications are hindered by low ionic conductivity at room temperature and lithium dendrite growth.Herein,we report a novel solid-state composite membrane electrolyte design that combines the vertically aligned channel structure and copolymer with a radial gradient composition.Within the vertically aligned channels,the composition of poly(vinyl ethylene carbonate-co-poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate)(P(VEC-PEGDA)varies in a gradient along the radial direction:from the center to the wall of vertically aligned channels,the proportion of vinyl ethylene carbonate(VEC)in the copolymer decreases,while the proportion of poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate(PEGDA)increases accordingly.It can be functionally divided into a mechanical-reinforcement layer and a fast-ion-conducting layer.The resulting solid-state composite membrane electrolyte achieves a high critical current density of 1.2 mA cm^(-2)and high ionic conductivity of 2.03 mS cm^(-1)at room temperature.Employing this composite membrane electrolyte,a Li//Li symmetric cell exhibits stable cycling for over 1850 h at 0.2 m A cm^(-2)/0.2 m A h cm^(-2),and a Li//LiFePO4(LFP)battery maintains 77.3% capacity retention at 2 C after 300 cycles.Our work provides insight into the rational design of safer and more efficient solidstate batteries through electrolyte structural engineering.展开更多
The recovery and utilization of ubiquitous low-grade heat are crucial for mitigating the fossil energy crisis.However,uncontrolled spontaneous heat dissipation limits its practical application.Inspired by skeletal mus...The recovery and utilization of ubiquitous low-grade heat are crucial for mitigating the fossil energy crisis.However,uncontrolled spontaneous heat dissipation limits its practical application.Inspired by skeletal muscle thermogenesis,we develop a compressible wood phase change gel with mechano-controlled heat release by infiltrating xylitol gel into wood aerogel.The xylitol gel can store recovered low-grade heat for at least 1 month by leveraging its inherent energy barrier.The hierarchically aligned lamellar structure of wood aerogel facilitates mechanical adaptation,hydrogen bond formation,and energy dissipation between the wood aerogel and the xylitol gel,increasing the compressive strength and toughness of wood phase change gel fivefold compared to xylitol gel.This enhancement effect enables repetitive contact-separation motions between the wood phase change gel and the substrate during radial compression,overcoming the energy barrier and releasing approximately 178.6 J g−1 of heat.As a proof-of-concept,the wood phase change gel serves as the hot side in a thermoelectric generator,providing about 2.13 W m^(−2) of clean electricity by the controlled utilization of recovered solar heat.This study presents a sustainable method to achieve off-grid electricity generation through the controlled utilization of recovered low-grade heat.展开更多
A polarization-sensitive and flexible photodetector was fabricated through the precise alignment of perovskite nanowires(NWs)using a brush coating technique.The alignment of the NWs was meticulously examined,consideri...A polarization-sensitive and flexible photodetector was fabricated through the precise alignment of perovskite nanowires(NWs)using a brush coating technique.The alignment of the NWs was meticulously examined,considering various chemical properties of the solvent,such as boiling point,viscosity,and surface tension.Notably,when the NWs were brush-coated with toluene dispersion,the NWs were aligned in higher order than those processed from octane dispersion.The degree of alignment was correlated with the photodetector property.Especially,the well-aligned NW photodetector exhibited a two-fold disparity in current response contingent on the polarization direction.Furthermore,even after enduring 500 bending cycles,the device retained 80%of its photodetector performance.This approach underscores the potential of solution-processed flexible photodetectors for advanced optical applications under dynamic operating conditions.展开更多
Nanocrystals have emerged as cutting-edge functional materials benefiting from the increased surface and enhanced coupling of electronic states.High-resolution imaging in transmission electron microscope can provide i...Nanocrystals have emerged as cutting-edge functional materials benefiting from the increased surface and enhanced coupling of electronic states.High-resolution imaging in transmission electron microscope can provide invaluable structural information of crystalline materials,albeit it remains greatly challenging to nanocrystals due to the arduousness of accurate zone axis adjustment.Herein,a homemade software package,called SmartAxis,is developed for rapid yet accurate zone axis alignment of nanocrystals.Incident electron beam tilt is employed as an eccentric goniometer to measure the angular deviation of a crystal to a zone axis,and then serves as a linkage to calculate theαandβtilts of goniometer based on an accurate quantitative relationship.In this way,high-resolution imaging of one identical small Au nanocrystal,as well as electron beam-sensitive MIL-101 metal-organic framework crystals,along multiple zone axes,was performed successfully by using this accurate,time-and electron dose-saving zone axis alignment software package.展开更多
Polyimides（PI） with different side chains in structure were synthesized by copolycondensation of pyromelliticmdianhydride（PMDA） with 3,5-diamino-（4＇-methane acid hexyl ester） phenyl-benzamide（C6-PDA）,（4-buto...Polyimides（PI） with different side chains in structure were synthesized by copolycondensation of pyromelliticmdianhydride（PMDA） with 3,5-diamino-（4＇-methane acid hexyl ester） phenyl-benzamide（C6-PDA）,（4-butoxybiphenol）-3＇, 5＇-diaminobenzoate（C4-BBDA） and 3, 5-diamino-benzoic acid decyl ester（C10-DA） named PI-PDA, PI-C4, PI-DA, respectively. The lengths of side chains of PI-PDA and PI-DA are as similar as that of PI-C4. Through the pretilt angle tests it is demonstrated that neither the structure of side chains nor the rubbing process could make an obvious difference on vertical alignment property when the lengths of the side chains are similar, standing at around 1.6 nm. The measurement of surface energy of PI surfaces further proved this result. The result of the X-ray photo-electron spectroscope measurement indicated that the side chains of PIs stretched out from the polymer bulk phase and accumulated on the surface.展开更多
With the rapid expansion of social media,analyzing emotions and their causes in texts has gained significant importance.Emotion-cause pair extraction enables the identification of causal relationships between emotions...With the rapid expansion of social media,analyzing emotions and their causes in texts has gained significant importance.Emotion-cause pair extraction enables the identification of causal relationships between emotions and their triggers within a text,facilitating a deeper understanding of expressed sentiments and their underlying reasons.This comprehension is crucial for making informed strategic decisions in various business and societal contexts.However,recent research approaches employing multi-task learning frameworks for modeling often face challenges such as the inability to simultaneouslymodel extracted features and their interactions,or inconsistencies in label prediction between emotion-cause pair extraction and independent assistant tasks like emotion and cause extraction.To address these issues,this study proposes an emotion-cause pair extraction methodology that incorporates joint feature encoding and task alignment mechanisms.The model consists of two primary components:First,joint feature encoding simultaneously generates features for emotion-cause pairs and clauses,enhancing feature interactions between emotion clauses,cause clauses,and emotion-cause pairs.Second,the task alignment technique is applied to reduce the labeling distance between emotion-cause pair extraction and the two assistant tasks,capturing deep semantic information interactions among tasks.The proposed method is evaluated on a Chinese benchmark corpus using 10-fold cross-validation,assessing key performance metrics such as precision,recall,and F1 score.Experimental results demonstrate that the model achieves an F1 score of 76.05%,surpassing the state-of-the-art by 1.03%.The proposed model exhibits significant improvements in emotion-cause pair extraction(ECPE)and cause extraction(CE)compared to existing methods,validating its effectiveness.This research introduces a novel approach based on joint feature encoding and task alignment mechanisms,contributing to advancements in emotion-cause pair extraction.However,the study’s limitation lies in the data sources,potentially restricting the generalizability of the findings.展开更多
Two metal-dithiolene compounds with a formula of[4-ClBz-l-APy][Ni（dmit）2]（1）and[4-NO2Bz-l-APy][Ni（dmit）2]（2,4-ClBz-1-APy = 1-N-（4＇-chlorobenzyl）pyridinium,4-NO2Bz-1-APy = l-N-（4＇-nitrobenzyl）pyridinium,dm...Two metal-dithiolene compounds with a formula of[4-ClBz-l-APy][Ni（dmit）2]（1）and[4-NO2Bz-l-APy][Ni（dmit）2]（2,4-ClBz-1-APy = 1-N-（4＇-chlorobenzyl）pyridinium,4-NO2Bz-1-APy = l-N-（4＇-nitrobenzyl）pyridinium,dmit^（2-）= 1,3-dithiole-2-thione-4,5-dithiolate） were synthesized and characterized.Two compounds crystallize in triclinic space group P1 and P1,respectively,but with different cell parameters and packing structures.The[Ni（dmit）2]^- anions and cations of 1 form mixed column stacks along the a axis and alternately layered alignments in the crystal of 2,which are parallel to the crystallographic（110） plane.Two compounds show a similar magnetic behavior,the magnetic exchange natures are mainly antiferromagnetic,and the magnetic susceptibility data can be fitted to the simple Curie-Weiss law.For 1 and 2,the fitted Curie constants are much less than the spin-only value expected for an S =1/2 system,and the fitted Weiss constants marking magnetic interaction are also very smaller.This fact implies that the weak CurrieWeiss-type paramagnetism is not the intrinsic characteristics of two compounds.展开更多
The multiple oligopeptides have been regarded as promising alignment media due to their structural diverseness and tendency for self-assembly in solution.Herein,an assembled amphiphilic peptide alignment medium,i.e.,C...The multiple oligopeptides have been regarded as promising alignment media due to their structural diverseness and tendency for self-assembly in solution.Herein,an assembled amphiphilic peptide alignment medium,i.e.,C15eCONH-Phg-Phg-IIIKK-CONH2 with un-natural amino acids for the determination of anisotropic parameters of NMR is introduced.The amphiphilic peptide can be self-assembled at low concentrations in DMSO and is stable and highly homogeneous.The NMR spectrum collected with the addition of the medium had fewer background signals.The utility of the acquired RDC data is demon-strated to determine relative configuration of three natural products,Helminthosporic acid,Estrone,and a-Santonin.展开更多
A novel model based on structure alignments is proposed for statistical machine translation in this paper. Meta-structure and sequence of meta-structure for a parse tree are defined. During the translation process, a ...A novel model based on structure alignments is proposed for statistical machine translation in this paper. Meta-structure and sequence of meta-structure for a parse tree are defined. During the translation process, a parse tree is decomposed to deal with the structure divergence and the alignments can be constructed at different levels of recombination of meta-structure （RM）. This method can perform the structure mapping across the sub-tree structure between languages. As a result, we get not only the translation for the target language, but sequence of meta-stmctu .re of its parse tree at the same time. Experiments show that the model in the framework of log-linear model has better generative ability and significantly outperforms Pharaoh, a phrase-based system.展开更多
Based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR6 （SDSS） and the ＇Millennium Simulation （MS）, we investigate the alignment between galaxies and large-scale structure. For this purpose, we develop two new statistical tool...Based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR6 （SDSS） and the ＇Millennium Simulation （MS）, we investigate the alignment between galaxies and large-scale structure. For this purpose, we develop two new statistical tools, namely the alignment correlation function and the cos（20）-statistic. The former is a two-dimensional extension of the traditional two-point correlation function and the latter is related to the ellipticity correlation function used for cosmic shear measurements. Both are based on the cross correlation between a sample of galaxies with orientations and a reference sample which represents the large-scale structure. We apply the new statistics to the SDSS galaxy catalog. The alignment correlation function reveals an overabundance of reference galaxies along the major axes of red, luminous （L 〉 ～L＊） galaxies out to projected separations of 60 h-lMpc. The signal increases with central galaxy luminosity. No alignment signal is detected for blue galaxies. The cos（2θ）-statistic yields very similar results. Starting from a MS semi-analytic galaxy catalog, we assign an orientation to each red, luminous and central galaxy, based on that of the central region of the host halo （with size similar to that of the stellar galaxy）. As an alternative, we use the orientation of the host halo itself. We find a mean projected misalignment between a halo and its central region of -25°. The misalignment decreases slightly with increasing luminosity of the central galaxy. Using the orientations and luminosities of the semi-analytic galaxies, we repeat our alignment analysis on mock surveys of the MS. Agreement with the SDSS results is good if the central orientations are used. Predictions using the halo orientations as proxies for cen- tral galaxy orientations overestimate the observed alignment by more than a factor of 2. Finally, the large volume of the MS allows us to generate a two-dimensional map of the alignment correlation function, which shows the reference galaxy distribution to be flat- tened parallel to the orientations of red luminous galaxies with axis ratios of -0.5 and ,-0.75 for halo and central orientations, respectively. These ratios are almost independent of scale out to 60 h^-1 Mpc.展开更多
The band alignment between silicon and high-k dielectrics,which is a key factor in device operation and reliability,still suffers from uncontrolled fluctuations and ambiguous understanding.In this study,by conducting ...The band alignment between silicon and high-k dielectrics,which is a key factor in device operation and reliability,still suffers from uncontrolled fluctuations and ambiguous understanding.In this study,by conducting atomic-level ab initio calculations on realistic Si/SiO_(2)/HfO_(2)stacks,we reveal the physical origin of band alignment fluctuations,i.e.,the oxygen density-dependent interface and surface dipoles,and demonstrate that band offsets can be tuned without introducing other materials.This is instructive for reducing the gate tunneling current,alleviating device-to-device variation,and tuning the threshold voltage.Additionally,this study indicates that significant attention should be focused on model construction in emerging atomistic studies on semiconductor devices.展开更多
A high pattern resolution is critical for fabricating roll-to-roll printed electronics(R2RPE)products.For enhanced overlay alignment accuracy,position errors between the printer and the substrate web must be eliminate...A high pattern resolution is critical for fabricating roll-to-roll printed electronics(R2RPE)products.For enhanced overlay alignment accuracy,position errors between the printer and the substrate web must be eliminated,particularly in inkjet printing applications.This paper proposes a novel five-degree-of-freedom(5-DOF)flexure-based alignment stage to adjust the posture of an inkjet printer head.The stage effectively compensates for positioning errors between the actuation mechanism and manipulated objects through a series-parallel combination of compliant substructures.Voice coil motors(VCMs)and linear motors serve as actuators to achieve the required motion.Theoretical models were established using a pseudo-rigid-body model(PRBM)methodology and were validated through finite element analysis(FEA).Finally,an alignment stage prototype was fabricated for an experiment.The prototype test results showed that the developed positioning platform attains 5-DOF motion capabilities with 335.1μm×418.9μm×408.1μm×3.4 mrad×3.29 mrad,with cross-axis coupling errors below 0.11%along y-and z-axes.This paper pro-poses a novel 5-DOF flexure-based alignment stage that can be used for error compensation in R2RPE and effectively improves the interlayer alignment accuracy of multi-layer printing.展开更多
Video classification is an important task in video understanding and plays a pivotal role in intelligent monitoring of information content.Most existing methods do not consider the multimodal nature of the video,and t...Video classification is an important task in video understanding and plays a pivotal role in intelligent monitoring of information content.Most existing methods do not consider the multimodal nature of the video,and the modality fusion approach tends to be too simple,often neglecting modality alignment before fusion.This research introduces a novel dual stream multimodal alignment and fusion network named DMAFNet for classifying short videos.The network uses two unimodal encoder modules to extract features within modalities and exploits a multimodal encoder module to learn interaction between modalities.To solve the modality alignment problem,contrastive learning is introduced between two unimodal encoder modules.Additionally,masked language modeling(MLM)and video text matching(VTM)auxiliary tasks are introduced to improve the interaction between video frames and text modalities through backpropagation of loss functions.Diverse experiments prove the efficiency of DMAFNet in multimodal video classification tasks.Compared with other two mainstream baselines,DMAFNet achieves the best results on the 2022 WeChat Big Data Challenge dataset.展开更多
Large language models(LLMs)represent significant advancements in artificial intelligence.However,their increasing capabilities come with a serious challenge:misalignment,which refers to the deviation of model behavior...Large language models(LLMs)represent significant advancements in artificial intelligence.However,their increasing capabilities come with a serious challenge:misalignment,which refers to the deviation of model behavior from the designers’intentions and human values.This review aims to synthesize the current understanding of the LLM misalignment issue and provide researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive overview.We define the concept of misalignment and elaborate on its various manifestations,including generating harmful content,factual errors(hallucinations),propagating biases,failing to follow instructions,emerging deceptive behaviors,and emergent misalignment.We explore the multifaceted causes of misalignment,systematically analyzing factors from surface-level technical issues(e.g.,training data,objective function design,model scaling)to deeper fundamental challenges(e.g.,difficulties formalizing values,discrepancies between training signals and real intentions).This review covers existing and emerging techniques for detecting and evaluating the degree of misalignment,such as benchmark tests,red-teaming,and formal safety assessments.Subsequently,we examine strategies to mitigate misalignment,focusing on mainstream alignment techniques such as RLHF,Constitutional AI(CAI),instruction fine-tuning,and novel approaches that address scalability and robustness.In particular,we analyze recent advances in misalignment attack research,including system prompt modifications,supervised fine-tuning,self-supervised representation attacks,and model editing,which challenge the robustness of model alignment.We categorize and analyze the surveyed literature,highlighting major findings,persistent limitations,and current contentious points.Finally,we identify key open questions and propose several promising future research directions,including constructing high-quality alignment datasets,exploring novel alignment methods,coordinating diverse values,and delving into the deep philosophical aspects of alignment.This work underscores the complexity and multidimensionality of LLM misalignment issues,calling for interdisciplinary approaches to reliably align LLMs with human values.展开更多
Bismuth oxyselenide(Bi_(2)O_(2)Se),a novel quasi-two-dimensional charge-carrying semiconductor,is recognized as one of the most promising emerging platforms for next-generation semiconductor devices.Recent advancement...Bismuth oxyselenide(Bi_(2)O_(2)Se),a novel quasi-two-dimensional charge-carrying semiconductor,is recognized as one of the most promising emerging platforms for next-generation semiconductor devices.Recent advancements in the development of diverse Bi_(2)O_(2)Se heterojunctions have unveiled extensive potential applications in both electronics and optoelectronics.However,achieving an in-depth understanding of band alignment and particularly interface dynamics remains a significant challenge.In this study,we conduct a comprehensive experimental investigation into band alignment utilizing high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(HRXPS),while also thoroughly discussing the properties of interface states.Our findings reveal that ultrathin films of Bi_(2)O_(2)Se grown on SrTiO_(3)(with TiO_(2)(001)termination)exhibit Type-I(straddling gap)band alignment characterized by a valence band offset(VBO)of approximately 1.77±0.04 eV and a conduction band offset(CBO)around 0.68±0.04 eV.Notably,when accounting for the influence of interface states,the bands at the interface display a herringbone configuration due to substantial built-in electric fields,which markedly deviate from conventional band alignments.Thus,our results provide valuable insights for advancing high-efficiency electronic and optoelectronic devices,particularly those where charge transfer is highly sensitive to interface states.展开更多
To address the challenge of missing modal information in entity alignment and to mitigate information loss or bias arising frommodal heterogeneity during fusion,while also capturing shared information acrossmodalities...To address the challenge of missing modal information in entity alignment and to mitigate information loss or bias arising frommodal heterogeneity during fusion,while also capturing shared information acrossmodalities,this paper proposes a Multi-modal Pre-synergistic Entity Alignmentmodel based on Cross-modalMutual Information Strategy Optimization(MPSEA).The model first employs independent encoders to process multi-modal features,including text,images,and numerical values.Next,a multi-modal pre-synergistic fusion mechanism integrates graph structural and visual modal features into the textual modality as preparatory information.This pre-fusion strategy enables unified perception of heterogeneous modalities at the model’s initial stage,reducing discrepancies during the fusion process.Finally,using cross-modal deep perception reinforcement learning,the model achieves adaptive multilevel feature fusion between modalities,supporting learningmore effective alignment strategies.Extensive experiments on multiple public datasets show that the MPSEA method achieves gains of up to 7% in Hits@1 and 8.2% in MRR on the FBDB15K dataset,and up to 9.1% in Hits@1 and 7.7% in MRR on the FBYG15K dataset,compared to existing state-of-the-art methods.These results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model.展开更多
Just a few days after the astronomical spectacle of the“seven planets in alignment”on February 28,2025,the weather in many places underwent a dramatic change.In Shanghai,which was still at the beginning of spring(Ma...Just a few days after the astronomical spectacle of the“seven planets in alignment”on February 28,2025,the weather in many places underwent a dramatic change.In Shanghai,which was still at the beginning of spring(March 1),the temperature suddenly soared to 29℃,the temperature of summer,while Shandong was hit by a sudden heavy snowstorm.There are various opinions and no consensus on this inexplicable weather change.For this reason,based on the principle of the role of planets in the luminescence and heat generation of stars,the author of this article reveals the significant impact of the“Seven planets in alignment”on global climate change,and also points out that the melting of polar glaciers and the approach of the moon to the Earth is another important cause of global climate change.Therefore,countermeasures to save the abnormal changes in global climate are proposed.展开更多
基金approved by Institutional Review Board of Faculty of Medicine in Assiut University,No.04-2024-300470.
文摘BACKGROUND In an era leaning toward a personalized alignment of total knee arthroplasty,coronal plane alignment of the knee(CPAK)phenotypes for each population are studied;furthermore,other possible variables affecting the alignment,such as ankle joint alignment,should be considered.AIM To determine CPAK distribution in the North African(Egyptian)population with knee osteoarthritis and to assess ankle joint line orientation(AJLO)adaptations across different CPAK types.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with primary knee osteoarthritis and normal ankle joints.Radiographic parameters included the mechanical lateral distal femoral angle,medial proximal tibial angle,and the derived calculations of joint line obliquity(JLO)and arithmetic hip-knee-ankle angle(aHKA).The tibial plafond horizontal angle(TPHA)was used for AJLO assessment,where 0°is neutral(type N),<0°is varus(type A),and>0°is valgus(type B).The nine CPAK types were further divided into 27 subtypes after incorporating the three AJLO types.RESULTS A total of 527 patients(1054 knees)were included for CPAK classification,and 435 patients(870 knees and ankles)for AJLO assessment.The mean age was 57.2±7.8 years,with 79.5%females.Most knees(76.4%)demonstrated varus alignment(mean aHKA was-5.51°±4.84°)and apex distal JLO(55.3%)(mean JLO was 176.43°±4.53°).CPAK types I(44.3%),IV(28.6%),and II(10%)were the most common.Regarding AJLO,70.2%of ankles exhibited varus orientation(mean TPHA was-5.21°±6.45°).The most frequent combined subtypes were CPAK type I-A(33.7%),IV-A(21.5%),and I-N(6.9%).A significant positive correlation was found between the TPHA and aHKA(r=0.40,P<0.001).CONCLUSION In this North African cohort,varus knee alignment with apex distal JLO and varus AJLO predominated.CPAK types I,IV,and II were the most common types,while subtypes I-A,IV-A,and I-N were commonly occurring after incorporating AJLO types;furthermore,the AJLO was significantly correlated to aHKA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52005362)the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(Nos.202303021221005 and 202303021211045)+1 种基金the Patent Commercialization Program of Shanxi Province(No.202402003)the Key Research and Development Plan of Xinzhou City.
文摘Presetting tensile twins(TTs)can enhance the mechanical properties of magnesium(Mg)alloys.Two as-received(AR)sheets,as-received state-A(AR-A)with fiber texture and nonuniform grains and as-received state-B with basal texture and uniform equiaxial grains are selected to induce TTs via a novel method called corrugated wide limit alignment(CWLA),and the corresponding CWLA-processed sheets are denoted as CWLA-processed state-A(C-A)and CWLA-processed state-B(C-B).The results demonstrate that a larger initial average grain size correlates with a higher fraction of TTs induced in Mg sheets,thereby refining the grains and forming a new rolling direction(RD)tilted texture during CWLA.The ultimate tensile strength increases by 32%from AR-A to C-A,primarily due to refinement strengthening and twinning-induced strain hardening.The recrystallization mechanism of C-A is dominated by twinning-induced dynamic recrystallization(DRX),where DRX grains prefer to inherit the orientation of TTs,resulting in an enhanced RD-tilted texture and the formation of multi-modal texture.The recrystallization mechanism of C-B is mainly discontinuous DRX and continuous DRX,and the DRX grains prefer to inherit the orientation of matrix grains,ultimately forming a basal texture.In summary,the tensile mechanical behavior of pre-twinned Mg sheets significantly depends on the grain size and texture of the AR sheets,so they present similar changing trends during tensile deformation.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2009AA03Z405)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60908028 and 60971068)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. BUPT2009RC0411)
文摘Electronic structures of the artificial molecule comprising two truncated pyramidal quantum dots vertically coupled and embedded in the matrix are theoretically analysed via the finite element method. When the quantum dots are completely aligned, the electron energy levels decrease with the horizontally applied electric field. However, energy levels may have the maxima at non-zero electric field if the dots are staggered by a distance of several nanometers in the same direction of the electric field. In addition to shifting the energy levels, the electric field can also manipulate the electron wavefunctions confined in the quantum dots, in company with the non-perfect alignment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52372099,52202328,22461142135,22479046)the Shanghai Sailing Program(22YF1455500)the Shanghai Magnolia Talent Plan Pujiang Project(24PJD128)。
文摘Solid-state polymer electrolytes are crucial for advancing solid-state lithium-metal batteries owing to their flexibility,excellent manufacturability,and strong interfacial compatibility.However,their widespread applications are hindered by low ionic conductivity at room temperature and lithium dendrite growth.Herein,we report a novel solid-state composite membrane electrolyte design that combines the vertically aligned channel structure and copolymer with a radial gradient composition.Within the vertically aligned channels,the composition of poly(vinyl ethylene carbonate-co-poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate)(P(VEC-PEGDA)varies in a gradient along the radial direction:from the center to the wall of vertically aligned channels,the proportion of vinyl ethylene carbonate(VEC)in the copolymer decreases,while the proportion of poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate(PEGDA)increases accordingly.It can be functionally divided into a mechanical-reinforcement layer and a fast-ion-conducting layer.The resulting solid-state composite membrane electrolyte achieves a high critical current density of 1.2 mA cm^(-2)and high ionic conductivity of 2.03 mS cm^(-1)at room temperature.Employing this composite membrane electrolyte,a Li//Li symmetric cell exhibits stable cycling for over 1850 h at 0.2 m A cm^(-2)/0.2 m A h cm^(-2),and a Li//LiFePO4(LFP)battery maintains 77.3% capacity retention at 2 C after 300 cycles.Our work provides insight into the rational design of safer and more efficient solidstate batteries through electrolyte structural engineering.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFD2201403)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 32171693, 32201482)+1 种基金the Heilongjiang Natural Science Foundation Outstanding Youth project (Grant No. YQ2022C002)College Students'Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan Program (202410225338)
文摘The recovery and utilization of ubiquitous low-grade heat are crucial for mitigating the fossil energy crisis.However,uncontrolled spontaneous heat dissipation limits its practical application.Inspired by skeletal muscle thermogenesis,we develop a compressible wood phase change gel with mechano-controlled heat release by infiltrating xylitol gel into wood aerogel.The xylitol gel can store recovered low-grade heat for at least 1 month by leveraging its inherent energy barrier.The hierarchically aligned lamellar structure of wood aerogel facilitates mechanical adaptation,hydrogen bond formation,and energy dissipation between the wood aerogel and the xylitol gel,increasing the compressive strength and toughness of wood phase change gel fivefold compared to xylitol gel.This enhancement effect enables repetitive contact-separation motions between the wood phase change gel and the substrate during radial compression,overcoming the energy barrier and releasing approximately 178.6 J g−1 of heat.As a proof-of-concept,the wood phase change gel serves as the hot side in a thermoelectric generator,providing about 2.13 W m^(−2) of clean electricity by the controlled utilization of recovered solar heat.This study presents a sustainable method to achieve off-grid electricity generation through the controlled utilization of recovered low-grade heat.
基金supported by a Commercialization Promotion Agency for R&D Outcomes(COMPA)Grant funded by the Korean Government(Ministry of Science and ICT)(No.RS-2023-00304743)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)Grant funded by the Korean Government(MSIT)(No.2022M3J7A1066428)"Regional Innovation Strategy(RIS)"through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(MOE)(No.2023RIS-008).
文摘A polarization-sensitive and flexible photodetector was fabricated through the precise alignment of perovskite nanowires(NWs)using a brush coating technique.The alignment of the NWs was meticulously examined,considering various chemical properties of the solvent,such as boiling point,viscosity,and surface tension.Notably,when the NWs were brush-coated with toluene dispersion,the NWs were aligned in higher order than those processed from octane dispersion.The degree of alignment was correlated with the photodetector property.Especially,the well-aligned NW photodetector exhibited a two-fold disparity in current response contingent on the polarization direction.Furthermore,even after enduring 500 bending cycles,the device retained 80%of its photodetector performance.This approach underscores the potential of solution-processed flexible photodetectors for advanced optical applications under dynamic operating conditions.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1501002)Thousand Talents Program for Distinguished Young Scholars.X.Li thanks the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22309021).
文摘Nanocrystals have emerged as cutting-edge functional materials benefiting from the increased surface and enhanced coupling of electronic states.High-resolution imaging in transmission electron microscope can provide invaluable structural information of crystalline materials,albeit it remains greatly challenging to nanocrystals due to the arduousness of accurate zone axis adjustment.Herein,a homemade software package,called SmartAxis,is developed for rapid yet accurate zone axis alignment of nanocrystals.Incident electron beam tilt is employed as an eccentric goniometer to measure the angular deviation of a crystal to a zone axis,and then serves as a linkage to calculate theαandβtilts of goniometer based on an accurate quantitative relationship.In this way,high-resolution imaging of one identical small Au nanocrystal,as well as electron beam-sensitive MIL-101 metal-organic framework crystals,along multiple zone axes,was performed successfully by using this accurate,time-and electron dose-saving zone axis alignment software package.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.50973067 and 51173115)the Ministry of Education (the Foundation for Ph.D.training,Grant No.20110181110030) of China
文摘Polyimides（PI） with different side chains in structure were synthesized by copolycondensation of pyromelliticmdianhydride（PMDA） with 3,5-diamino-（4＇-methane acid hexyl ester） phenyl-benzamide（C6-PDA）,（4-butoxybiphenol）-3＇, 5＇-diaminobenzoate（C4-BBDA） and 3, 5-diamino-benzoic acid decyl ester（C10-DA） named PI-PDA, PI-C4, PI-DA, respectively. The lengths of side chains of PI-PDA and PI-DA are as similar as that of PI-C4. Through the pretilt angle tests it is demonstrated that neither the structure of side chains nor the rubbing process could make an obvious difference on vertical alignment property when the lengths of the side chains are similar, standing at around 1.6 nm. The measurement of surface energy of PI surfaces further proved this result. The result of the X-ray photo-electron spectroscope measurement indicated that the side chains of PIs stretched out from the polymer bulk phase and accumulated on the surface.
文摘With the rapid expansion of social media,analyzing emotions and their causes in texts has gained significant importance.Emotion-cause pair extraction enables the identification of causal relationships between emotions and their triggers within a text,facilitating a deeper understanding of expressed sentiments and their underlying reasons.This comprehension is crucial for making informed strategic decisions in various business and societal contexts.However,recent research approaches employing multi-task learning frameworks for modeling often face challenges such as the inability to simultaneouslymodel extracted features and their interactions,or inconsistencies in label prediction between emotion-cause pair extraction and independent assistant tasks like emotion and cause extraction.To address these issues,this study proposes an emotion-cause pair extraction methodology that incorporates joint feature encoding and task alignment mechanisms.The model consists of two primary components:First,joint feature encoding simultaneously generates features for emotion-cause pairs and clauses,enhancing feature interactions between emotion clauses,cause clauses,and emotion-cause pairs.Second,the task alignment technique is applied to reduce the labeling distance between emotion-cause pair extraction and the two assistant tasks,capturing deep semantic information interactions among tasks.The proposed method is evaluated on a Chinese benchmark corpus using 10-fold cross-validation,assessing key performance metrics such as precision,recall,and F1 score.Experimental results demonstrate that the model achieves an F1 score of 76.05%,surpassing the state-of-the-art by 1.03%.The proposed model exhibits significant improvements in emotion-cause pair extraction(ECPE)and cause extraction(CE)compared to existing methods,validating its effectiveness.This research introduces a novel approach based on joint feature encoding and task alignment mechanisms,contributing to advancements in emotion-cause pair extraction.However,the study’s limitation lies in the data sources,potentially restricting the generalizability of the findings.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNatural Science Foundation of High Learning Institutions of Anhui ProvinceScience Supported Foundation of Nanjing Xiaozhuang College(No.21201103,KJ2012ZD11 and 2014XZRC01)
文摘Two metal-dithiolene compounds with a formula of[4-ClBz-l-APy][Ni（dmit）2]（1）and[4-NO2Bz-l-APy][Ni（dmit）2]（2,4-ClBz-1-APy = 1-N-（4＇-chlorobenzyl）pyridinium,4-NO2Bz-1-APy = l-N-（4＇-nitrobenzyl）pyridinium,dmit^（2-）= 1,3-dithiole-2-thione-4,5-dithiolate） were synthesized and characterized.Two compounds crystallize in triclinic space group P1 and P1,respectively,but with different cell parameters and packing structures.The[Ni（dmit）2]^- anions and cations of 1 form mixed column stacks along the a axis and alternately layered alignments in the crystal of 2,which are parallel to the crystallographic（110） plane.Two compounds show a similar magnetic behavior,the magnetic exchange natures are mainly antiferromagnetic,and the magnetic susceptibility data can be fitted to the simple Curie-Weiss law.For 1 and 2,the fitted Curie constants are much less than the spin-only value expected for an S =1/2 system,and the fitted Weiss constants marking magnetic interaction are also very smaller.This fact implies that the weak CurrieWeiss-type paramagnetism is not the intrinsic characteristics of two compounds.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21874158)the Science and Technology Major Program of Gansu Province of China(22ZD6FA006 and 23ZDFA015)+1 种基金We are also grateful for the financial support from the Science and Technology Program of Henan Province(232102311180)the foundation for the University Young Key Teacher of Henan Province(2024GGJS116).
文摘The multiple oligopeptides have been regarded as promising alignment media due to their structural diverseness and tendency for self-assembly in solution.Herein,an assembled amphiphilic peptide alignment medium,i.e.,C15eCONH-Phg-Phg-IIIKK-CONH2 with un-natural amino acids for the determination of anisotropic parameters of NMR is introduced.The amphiphilic peptide can be self-assembled at low concentrations in DMSO and is stable and highly homogeneous.The NMR spectrum collected with the addition of the medium had fewer background signals.The utility of the acquired RDC data is demon-strated to determine relative configuration of three natural products,Helminthosporic acid,Estrone,and a-Santonin.
基金the National High Technology Research and Development Progran of China(No.200606010108.2006AA01Z150)
文摘A novel model based on structure alignments is proposed for statistical machine translation in this paper. Meta-structure and sequence of meta-structure for a parse tree are defined. During the translation process, a parse tree is decomposed to deal with the structure divergence and the alignments can be constructed at different levels of recombination of meta-structure （RM）. This method can perform the structure mapping across the sub-tree structure between languages. As a result, we get not only the translation for the target language, but sequence of meta-stmctu .re of its parse tree at the same time. Experiments show that the model in the framework of log-linear model has better generative ability and significantly outperforms Pharaoh, a phrase-based system.
基金supported by NSFC (Nos. 10533030, 10821302,10878001)the Knowledge Innovation Program of CAS (No. KJCX2-YW-T05)by 973 Program(No. 2007CB815402).
文摘Based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR6 （SDSS） and the ＇Millennium Simulation （MS）, we investigate the alignment between galaxies and large-scale structure. For this purpose, we develop two new statistical tools, namely the alignment correlation function and the cos（20）-statistic. The former is a two-dimensional extension of the traditional two-point correlation function and the latter is related to the ellipticity correlation function used for cosmic shear measurements. Both are based on the cross correlation between a sample of galaxies with orientations and a reference sample which represents the large-scale structure. We apply the new statistics to the SDSS galaxy catalog. The alignment correlation function reveals an overabundance of reference galaxies along the major axes of red, luminous （L 〉 ～L＊） galaxies out to projected separations of 60 h-lMpc. The signal increases with central galaxy luminosity. No alignment signal is detected for blue galaxies. The cos（2θ）-statistic yields very similar results. Starting from a MS semi-analytic galaxy catalog, we assign an orientation to each red, luminous and central galaxy, based on that of the central region of the host halo （with size similar to that of the stellar galaxy）. As an alternative, we use the orientation of the host halo itself. We find a mean projected misalignment between a halo and its central region of -25°. The misalignment decreases slightly with increasing luminosity of the central galaxy. Using the orientations and luminosities of the semi-analytic galaxies, we repeat our alignment analysis on mock surveys of the MS. Agreement with the SDSS results is good if the central orientations are used. Predictions using the halo orientations as proxies for cen- tral galaxy orientations overestimate the observed alignment by more than a factor of 2. Finally, the large volume of the MS allows us to generate a two-dimensional map of the alignment correlation function, which shows the reference galaxy distribution to be flat- tened parallel to the orientations of red luminous galaxies with axis ratios of -0.5 and ,-0.75 for halo and central orientations, respectively. These ratios are almost independent of scale out to 60 h^-1 Mpc.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62174155,12334005,and T2293702)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-056)the MIND Project(Grant No.MINDKT202403)。
文摘The band alignment between silicon and high-k dielectrics,which is a key factor in device operation and reliability,still suffers from uncontrolled fluctuations and ambiguous understanding.In this study,by conducting atomic-level ab initio calculations on realistic Si/SiO_(2)/HfO_(2)stacks,we reveal the physical origin of band alignment fluctuations,i.e.,the oxygen density-dependent interface and surface dipoles,and demonstrate that band offsets can be tuned without introducing other materials.This is instructive for reducing the gate tunneling current,alleviating device-to-device variation,and tuning the threshold voltage.Additionally,this study indicates that significant attention should be focused on model construction in emerging atomistic studies on semiconductor devices.
基金Supported by Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Educational Committee(Grant No.2024AH040010).
文摘A high pattern resolution is critical for fabricating roll-to-roll printed electronics(R2RPE)products.For enhanced overlay alignment accuracy,position errors between the printer and the substrate web must be eliminated,particularly in inkjet printing applications.This paper proposes a novel five-degree-of-freedom(5-DOF)flexure-based alignment stage to adjust the posture of an inkjet printer head.The stage effectively compensates for positioning errors between the actuation mechanism and manipulated objects through a series-parallel combination of compliant substructures.Voice coil motors(VCMs)and linear motors serve as actuators to achieve the required motion.Theoretical models were established using a pseudo-rigid-body model(PRBM)methodology and were validated through finite element analysis(FEA).Finally,an alignment stage prototype was fabricated for an experiment.The prototype test results showed that the developed positioning platform attains 5-DOF motion capabilities with 335.1μm×418.9μm×408.1μm×3.4 mrad×3.29 mrad,with cross-axis coupling errors below 0.11%along y-and z-axes.This paper pro-poses a novel 5-DOF flexure-based alignment stage that can be used for error compensation in R2RPE and effectively improves the interlayer alignment accuracy of multi-layer printing.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2232021A-10)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61903078)+1 种基金Shanghai Sailing Program,China(No.22YF1401300)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(No.20ZR1400400)。
文摘Video classification is an important task in video understanding and plays a pivotal role in intelligent monitoring of information content.Most existing methods do not consider the multimodal nature of the video,and the modality fusion approach tends to be too simple,often neglecting modality alignment before fusion.This research introduces a novel dual stream multimodal alignment and fusion network named DMAFNet for classifying short videos.The network uses two unimodal encoder modules to extract features within modalities and exploits a multimodal encoder module to learn interaction between modalities.To solve the modality alignment problem,contrastive learning is introduced between two unimodal encoder modules.Additionally,masked language modeling(MLM)and video text matching(VTM)auxiliary tasks are introduced to improve the interaction between video frames and text modalities through backpropagation of loss functions.Diverse experiments prove the efficiency of DMAFNet in multimodal video classification tasks.Compared with other two mainstream baselines,DMAFNet achieves the best results on the 2022 WeChat Big Data Challenge dataset.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(62462019,62172350)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515012846)+6 种基金Guangxi Science and Technology Major Program(AA24263010)The Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi(AB24010085)Key Laboratory of Equipment Data Security and Guarantee Technology,Ministry of Education(GDZB2024060500)2024 Higher Education Scientific Research Planning Project(No.24NL0419)Nantong Science and Technology Project(No.JC2023070)the Open Fund of Advanced Cryptography and System Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(GrantNo.SKLACSS-202407)sponsored by the Cultivation of Young andMiddle-aged Academic Leaders in the“Qing Lan Project”of Jiangsu Province and the 2025 Outstanding Teaching Team in the“Qing Lan Project”of Jiangsu Province.
文摘Large language models(LLMs)represent significant advancements in artificial intelligence.However,their increasing capabilities come with a serious challenge:misalignment,which refers to the deviation of model behavior from the designers’intentions and human values.This review aims to synthesize the current understanding of the LLM misalignment issue and provide researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive overview.We define the concept of misalignment and elaborate on its various manifestations,including generating harmful content,factual errors(hallucinations),propagating biases,failing to follow instructions,emerging deceptive behaviors,and emergent misalignment.We explore the multifaceted causes of misalignment,systematically analyzing factors from surface-level technical issues(e.g.,training data,objective function design,model scaling)to deeper fundamental challenges(e.g.,difficulties formalizing values,discrepancies between training signals and real intentions).This review covers existing and emerging techniques for detecting and evaluating the degree of misalignment,such as benchmark tests,red-teaming,and formal safety assessments.Subsequently,we examine strategies to mitigate misalignment,focusing on mainstream alignment techniques such as RLHF,Constitutional AI(CAI),instruction fine-tuning,and novel approaches that address scalability and robustness.In particular,we analyze recent advances in misalignment attack research,including system prompt modifications,supervised fine-tuning,self-supervised representation attacks,and model editing,which challenge the robustness of model alignment.We categorize and analyze the surveyed literature,highlighting major findings,persistent limitations,and current contentious points.Finally,we identify key open questions and propose several promising future research directions,including constructing high-quality alignment datasets,exploring novel alignment methods,coordinating diverse values,and delving into the deep philosophical aspects of alignment.This work underscores the complexity and multidimensionality of LLM misalignment issues,calling for interdisciplinary approaches to reliably align LLMs with human values.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52072059,12304078,12274061 and 11774044)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2024NSFSC1384).
文摘Bismuth oxyselenide(Bi_(2)O_(2)Se),a novel quasi-two-dimensional charge-carrying semiconductor,is recognized as one of the most promising emerging platforms for next-generation semiconductor devices.Recent advancements in the development of diverse Bi_(2)O_(2)Se heterojunctions have unveiled extensive potential applications in both electronics and optoelectronics.However,achieving an in-depth understanding of band alignment and particularly interface dynamics remains a significant challenge.In this study,we conduct a comprehensive experimental investigation into band alignment utilizing high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(HRXPS),while also thoroughly discussing the properties of interface states.Our findings reveal that ultrathin films of Bi_(2)O_(2)Se grown on SrTiO_(3)(with TiO_(2)(001)termination)exhibit Type-I(straddling gap)band alignment characterized by a valence band offset(VBO)of approximately 1.77±0.04 eV and a conduction band offset(CBO)around 0.68±0.04 eV.Notably,when accounting for the influence of interface states,the bands at the interface display a herringbone configuration due to substantial built-in electric fields,which markedly deviate from conventional band alignments.Thus,our results provide valuable insights for advancing high-efficiency electronic and optoelectronic devices,particularly those where charge transfer is highly sensitive to interface states.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 62471493 and 62402257(for conceptualization and investigation)partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China under Grants ZR2023LZH017,ZR2024MF066,and 2023QF025(for formal analysis and validation)+1 种基金partially supported by the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security,Ministry of Education,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)under Grant 2023ZD010(for methodology and model design)partially supported by the Russian Science Foundation(RSF)Project under Grant 22-71-10095-P(for validation and results verification).
文摘To address the challenge of missing modal information in entity alignment and to mitigate information loss or bias arising frommodal heterogeneity during fusion,while also capturing shared information acrossmodalities,this paper proposes a Multi-modal Pre-synergistic Entity Alignmentmodel based on Cross-modalMutual Information Strategy Optimization(MPSEA).The model first employs independent encoders to process multi-modal features,including text,images,and numerical values.Next,a multi-modal pre-synergistic fusion mechanism integrates graph structural and visual modal features into the textual modality as preparatory information.This pre-fusion strategy enables unified perception of heterogeneous modalities at the model’s initial stage,reducing discrepancies during the fusion process.Finally,using cross-modal deep perception reinforcement learning,the model achieves adaptive multilevel feature fusion between modalities,supporting learningmore effective alignment strategies.Extensive experiments on multiple public datasets show that the MPSEA method achieves gains of up to 7% in Hits@1 and 8.2% in MRR on the FBDB15K dataset,and up to 9.1% in Hits@1 and 7.7% in MRR on the FBYG15K dataset,compared to existing state-of-the-art methods.These results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model.
文摘Just a few days after the astronomical spectacle of the“seven planets in alignment”on February 28,2025,the weather in many places underwent a dramatic change.In Shanghai,which was still at the beginning of spring(March 1),the temperature suddenly soared to 29℃,the temperature of summer,while Shandong was hit by a sudden heavy snowstorm.There are various opinions and no consensus on this inexplicable weather change.For this reason,based on the principle of the role of planets in the luminescence and heat generation of stars,the author of this article reveals the significant impact of the“Seven planets in alignment”on global climate change,and also points out that the melting of polar glaciers and the approach of the moon to the Earth is another important cause of global climate change.Therefore,countermeasures to save the abnormal changes in global climate are proposed.
