Objectives:Recent research has shown that college students experience high levels of stress from various sources,which contribute to heightened rates of psychological distress and make them particularly vulnerable to ...Objectives:Recent research has shown that college students experience high levels of stress from various sources,which contribute to heightened rates of psychological distress and make them particularly vulnerable to mental health issues.Hence,we conducted a study,aimed to analyze the influence of a mobile-based walking routine on mental health outcomes,such as perceived stress and positive and negative affect.Methods:The participants were divided into two groups:the walking group(N=23)and the control group(N=24).The walking group engaged in an approximately 25-min walking session for at least 3 days per week,which was carefully monitored and facilitated with the help of the Nike Run Club application.The statistical analysis of the quantitative data was carried out with the help of SPSS 25.0.In addition to calculating descriptive statistics,we conducted an independent samples t-test,a repeated-measures ANOVA,and a paired sample t-test to analyze the effectiveness of the intervention.Results:A repeated-measures ANOVA revealed that the walking group exhibited significant reductions in perceived stress(t=2.03,p=0.049,Cohen’s D=0.60)and negative affect(t=2.19,p=0.033,Cohen’s D=0.65)after the intervention,whereas the control group showed no significant changes across time in any of the proposed variables.Conclusion:The results of the study continue to be indicative of the positive effects of regular walking on perceived stress and negative affect,preserving its role as a straightforward and accessible tool for reducing stress and negative affect.展开更多
Ocean energy has progressively gained considerable interest due to its sufficient potential to meet the world’s energy demand,and the blade is the core component in electricity generation from the ocean current.Howev...Ocean energy has progressively gained considerable interest due to its sufficient potential to meet the world’s energy demand,and the blade is the core component in electricity generation from the ocean current.However,the widened hydraulic excitation frequency may satisfy the blade resonance due to the time variation in the velocity and angle of attack of the ocean current,even resulting in blade fatigue and destructively interfering with grid stability.A key parameter that determines the resonance amplitude of the blade is the hydrodynamic damping ratio(HDR).However,HDR is difficult to obtain due to the complex fluid-structure interaction(FSI).Therefore,a literature review was conducted on the hydrodynamic damping characteristics of blade-like structures.The experimental and simulation methods used to identify and obtain the HDR quantitatively were described,placing emphasis on the experimental processes and simulation setups.Moreover,the accuracy and efficiency of different simulation methods were compared,and the modal work approach was recommended.The effects of key typical parameters,including flow velocity,angle of attack,gap,rotational speed,and cavitation,on the HDR were then summarized,and the suggestions on operating conditions were presented from the perspective of increasing the HDR.Subsequently,considering multiple flow parameters,several theoretical derivations and semi-empirical prediction formulas for HDR were introduced,and the accuracy and application were discussed.Based on the shortcomings of the existing research,the direction of future research was finally determined.The current work offers a clear understanding of the HDR of blade-like structures,which could improve the evaluation accuracy of flow-induced vibration in the design stage.展开更多
1.A.Mertha,“‘Stressing Out’:Cadre Calibration and Affective Proximity to the CCP in Reform-Era China”,The China Quarterly,Vol.229,2017,pp.64-85.2.B.L.McCormick,“Book Review of‘The Chinese Communist Party's C...1.A.Mertha,“‘Stressing Out’:Cadre Calibration and Affective Proximity to the CCP in Reform-Era China”,The China Quarterly,Vol.229,2017,pp.64-85.2.B.L.McCormick,“Book Review of‘The Chinese Communist Party's Capacity to Rule:Ideology,Legitimacy and Party Cohesion’”,The China Journal,Vol.77,2017,pp.161-163.展开更多
The Brief Interactive Optimism Scale (BIOS-G), recently published, was developed to measure optimism based on the interactive personality styles theory in the general population of Mexican adults. It has been validate...The Brief Interactive Optimism Scale (BIOS-G), recently published, was developed to measure optimism based on the interactive personality styles theory in the general population of Mexican adults. It has been validated in both the general population in Mexico and other Latin American countries. This study aims to further consolidate the validity of the BIOS-G in a specific population. The objectives are to assess the psychometric properties of its items, validate its unidimensional structure, describe its distribution, verify its internal consistency, and examine its direct relationship with affective balance and positive affect, as well as its inverse relationship with emotional exhaustion and negative affect among Mexican university teachers. The BIOS-G, the CESQT emotional exhaustion subscale, and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) were administered to a non-probability sample of 213 Mexican university teachers. All items demonstrated discriminative power and internal consistency. The scale showed internal consistency (Green-Yang ordinal ω = 0.74 and McDonald ordinal ω = 0.88). The one-factor model presented good to acceptable fit to the data, with an average variance extracted of 0.65. Its distribution was negatively skewed and mesokurtic. The BIOS-G correlated directly with SPANE’s affective balance and positive emotional experiences and inversely with negative emotional experiences and emotional exhaustion, with moderate strengths of association. Its mean score was higher in men than in women and correlated positively with age. It is concluded that the BIOS-G demonstrates internal consistency and validity evidence among Mexican university teachers, and its use in this specific population is recommended.展开更多
The dynamics of student engagement and emotional states significantly influence learning outcomes.Positive emotions resulting from successful task completion stand in contrast to negative affective states that arise f...The dynamics of student engagement and emotional states significantly influence learning outcomes.Positive emotions resulting from successful task completion stand in contrast to negative affective states that arise from learning struggles or failures.Effective transitions to engagement occur upon problem resolution,while unresolved issues lead to frustration and subsequent boredom.This study proposes a Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)based approach utilizing the Multi⁃source Academic Affective Engagement Dataset(MAAED)to categorize facial expressions into boredom,confusion,frustration,and yawning.This method provides an efficient and objective way to assess student engagement by extracting features from facial images.Recognizing and addressing negative affective states,such as confusion and boredom,is fundamental in creating supportive learning environments.Through automated frame extraction and model comparison,this study demonstrates reduced loss values with improving accuracy,showcasing the effectiveness of this method in objectively evaluating student engagement.Monitoring facial engagement with CNN using the MAAED dataset is essential for gaining insights into human behaviour and improving educational experiences.展开更多
For the following decades after the American Civil War,most American literature works presented the war in a romantic or sentimental manner.However,Stephen Crane’s The Red Badge of Courage gave it a naturalistic touc...For the following decades after the American Civil War,most American literature works presented the war in a romantic or sentimental manner.However,Stephen Crane’s The Red Badge of Courage gave it a naturalistic touch to tell the story of Henry Fleming,the main character,overcoming cowardice and becoming a hero.Through its revolutionary criticism of psychoanalysis and capitalism,Deleuze and Guattari contributed a legacy to postmodern philosophy with their affect philosophy,with virtuality at its pivot.Using the Deleuzo-Guattarian affective philosophy as a scope,it is clear that the maturing of Henry is in fact a sequence of two attempts of deterritorialization in the war,one failed and the other successful.The heroism Henry acquires is demonstrated in the form of virtual death and disconnection with meaning;nonetheless,his return to the society makes it an incomplete destratification,which,at the same time,indicates the opportunity to be a true hero is forever lost to Henry,lost on the battlefield.展开更多
Under the background of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and medical data informationization,intelligent Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)emerges as a new medical model.In this study,we introduce Affective Computing into th...Under the background of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and medical data informationization,intelligent Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)emerges as a new medical model.In this study,we introduce Affective Computing into the diagnosis and treatment process of TCM FiveTone Therapy.And proposes an intelligent diagnosis and treatment system including Five-tone diagnosis,monitoring and treatment,to achieve intelligent music matching.This system based on sound-image database for standardized collection and diagnosis of the Five-tone.The assessment and monitoring process are then visually presented,and an emotion analysis model is established by using affective computing.On the other hand,the system employs virtual reality(VR)visual media music and somatosensory music to play and intelligently match the Five-tone,solving issues in the clinical treatment of Five-tone therapy,such as the difficulties of quantifying emotional data,limited ability for generalization feature extraction,and relatively insufficient research on the intelligence of Five-tone therapy.This study can promote the integration of technology in the fields of healthcare,information,and music,thereby enhancing the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment.It holds significant importance in advancing the intelligent development of Traditional Chinese Medicine diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
Considering the comprehensive morphology and genesis of Podzols of the Stolowe Mountains,and the still-possible impact of frost actions and other processes related to cold climate on these soils,the main aims of this ...Considering the comprehensive morphology and genesis of Podzols of the Stolowe Mountains,and the still-possible impact of frost actions and other processes related to cold climate on these soils,the main aims of this study were to determine whether(i)the heterogeneous Podzols in the Stolowe Mountains underwent a phase of development in a cold climate,resulting in frost action features visible on the micromorphological level,and whether(ii)contemporary cryopedogenic traces are masked by the translocation of organic matter due to the podzolisation process.Four soil profiles were investigated,revealing distinct layers corresponding to different periods of soil formation.Under field observation,no explicit frost-related characteristics were observed.Nevertheless,micromorphological analysis revealed cappings of fine materials on grains or peds,as well as development of granostriated(or any striated)b-fabric that resulted from the alternating effects of thawing and freezing processes.Moreover,micromorphological analysis revealed the presence of microstructures that could be the result of cryogenic processes,such as platy,angular blocky and lenticular features,as well as plane,vugh and star-shaped void types.The translocation of organic matter during podzolisation modified or concealed the frost-related features that developed during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene.This is evident,for instance,in the accumulation of organic matter on cappings and within soil voids,which further hinders the identification of frost-related characteristics and the interpretation of the soil's evolution.Macromorphological observations enhanced with micromorphological analyses revealed three distinct layers:(i)a young upper layer composed of loose,sandy material;(ii)a deeper layer containing a spodic horizon with frost actions,involving pedofeatures associated with the Pleistocene cold climate and(iii)a deeper subsoil basal layer.The abovementioned microstructures,combined with lithological discontinuity,support the hypothesised polygenetic origin of Podzols in the studied region.展开更多
This paper is dedicated to constructing a theoretical framework for the identification and treatment of affective disorders in traditional Chinese medicine based on the“five-organ view”.Through in-depth analysis of ...This paper is dedicated to constructing a theoretical framework for the identification and treatment of affective disorders in traditional Chinese medicine based on the“five-organ view”.Through in-depth analysis of the theoretical connotation of the“five-organ concept”,we discussed the characteristics of the five-organ mechanism of affective-philosophical disorders in detail,systematically constructed a system of identification based on the association of the five organs,and proposed a comprehensive and holistic treatment strategy.The results of the study clearly show that the theoretical framework can provide systematic theoretical guidance for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine,help to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic effects of affective-philosophical disorders,and provide new ideas and methods for the theoretical development and clinical practice of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine,which is of important theoretical and practical significance,and can further promote the modernization of the development of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine.展开更多
To the editor:A wide range of affective disorders affects people of all ages globally and contributes significantly to the global disease burden.1 In China,a nationwide survey found a 3.21% prevalence of affective dis...To the editor:A wide range of affective disorders affects people of all ages globally and contributes significantly to the global disease burden.1 In China,a nationwide survey found a 3.21% prevalence of affective disorders in children and adolescents,with major depressive disorder(MDD)at 2.00%and bipolar disorder at 0.86%.展开更多
Dear Editor,Primary bladder neck obstruction(PBNO)affects approximately 28%–54%of men[1].Its etiology remains unclear.Symptoms of PBNO present as voiding(e.g.,decreased force of stream,hesitancy,intermittent stream,a...Dear Editor,Primary bladder neck obstruction(PBNO)affects approximately 28%–54%of men[1].Its etiology remains unclear.Symptoms of PBNO present as voiding(e.g.,decreased force of stream,hesitancy,intermittent stream,and incomplete emptying),storage(e.g.,frequency,urgency,urge incontinence,and nocturia),or a combination of both[2].Untreated PBNO can lead to bladder dysfunction,bladder diverticula,hydronephrosis,and impaired renal function[3].展开更多
This paper develops two models to investigate the effect of team leader positive affectivity （PA） on team member turnover intention and team organizational citizenship behavior （OCB）, at the individual and team le...This paper develops two models to investigate the effect of team leader positive affectivity （PA） on team member turnover intention and team organizational citizenship behavior （OCB）, at the individual and team levels, respectively. A two-wave longitudinal study was conducted involving a survey of 58 team leaders and 174 team members in a large Chinese telecom company across a three-month period. We found that team members＇ organization-based self-esteem （OBSE） at Time 1 mediates the relationship between team leader PA at Time 1 and team member turnover intention at Time 2, whereas team aggregated OBSE at Time 1 mediates the relationship between leader PA at Time1 and team OCB at Time 2.展开更多
In this editorial we comment on the article by Zhang et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry.We focus on identity diffusion,identity perturbations,their origin and developmental pathways...In this editorial we comment on the article by Zhang et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry.We focus on identity diffusion,identity perturbations,their origin and developmental pathways.This is an upcoming problem in the society as not only school children are affected.Adolescents and young people suffer from uncertainty in gender identity,in self-image,migration effects due to chronic crises caused by war,pandemic disruptions or climate change.We show how such chronic uncertainty can be cared for,treated,and contained.The key is affective holding,reflection and to provide adequate affective mentalizing in a close concomitant way.These key features also depend on ambient conditions,such as psychotherapeutic care.In a qualitative interview study carried out in a cyclical research design with a comparative analysis on the basis of thematic coding using Grounded Theory Methodology we found institu-tionalized defenses in health policies.Professionals request better training and adequat academic knowledge as well as research into unresolved areas for improvement of the ambient conditions for adequat development of the self.Practice points for further clinical and scientific development are given and discussed.展开更多
The hetero-zone boundary affected region(HBAR)significantly influences the mechanical behaviors of layered materials,where the deformation mechanisms differ from those in the bulk layers.In this study,three kinds of h...The hetero-zone boundary affected region(HBAR)significantly influences the mechanical behaviors of layered materials,where the deformation mechanisms differ from those in the bulk layers.In this study,three kinds of heterogeneous Cu-Fe layered materials with different interface spacing but identical total thicknesses were prepared.The effects of HBAR and strain partitioning on the tensile behavior of the lay-ered materials were investigated.The results showed that layered materials had enhanced yield strength and uniform elongation with decreasing interface spacing.During tensile deformation,geometrically nec-essary dislocations(GNDs)were generated at hetero-zone boundaries and piled up near them,resulting in hetero-deformation induced(HDI)strengthening and HDI work hardening.Surface profilometry mea-surements showed that the Cu and Fe layers exhibited obvious strain partitioning and mutual constraint.With decreasing interface spacing,strain partitioning is enhanced by interlayer constraint,which pre-vented strain localization at interfaces and thus improved the synergetic deformation of layers.A higher fraction of HBAR can improve the mechanical performance of heterogeneous layered materials.This study deepens our understanding of the relationship between HBAR and strength-ductility synergy and provides some insight into the design of layered materials.展开更多
Painful stimuli elicit first-line reflexive defensive reactions and,in many cases,also evoke second-line recuperative behaviors,the latter of which reflects the sensing of tissue damage and the alleviation of sufferin...Painful stimuli elicit first-line reflexive defensive reactions and,in many cases,also evoke second-line recuperative behaviors,the latter of which reflects the sensing of tissue damage and the alleviation of suffering.The lateral parabrachial nucleus(lPBN),composed of external-(elPBN),dorsal-(dlPBN),and central/superior-subnuclei(jointly referred to as slPBN),receives sensory inputs from spinal projection neurons and plays important roles in processing affective information from external threats and body integrity disruption.However,the organizational rules of lPBN neurons that provoke diverse behaviors in response to different painful stimuli from cutaneous and deep tissues remain unclear.In this study,we used region-specific neuronal depletion or silencing approaches combined with a battery of behavioral assays to show that slPBN neurons expressing substance P receptor(NK1R)(lPBNNK1R)are crucial for driving pain-associated self-care behaviors evoked by sustained noxious thermal and mechanical stimuli applied to skin or bone/muscle,while elPBN neurons are dispensable for driving such reactions.Notably,lPBNNK1R neurons are specifically required for forming sustained somatic pain-induced negative teaching signals and aversive memory but are not necessary for fear-learning or escape behaviors elicited by external threats.Lastly,both lPBNNK1R and elPBN neurons contribute to chemical irritant-induced nocifensive reactions.Our results reveal the functional organization of parabrachial substrates that drive distinct behavioral outcomes in response to sustained pain versus external danger under physiological conditions.展开更多
The mechanisms of oxide metallurgy include inducing the formation of intragranular acicular ferrite(IAF)using micron-sized inclusions and restricting the growth of prior austenite grains(PAGs)by nanosized particles du...The mechanisms of oxide metallurgy include inducing the formation of intragranular acicular ferrite(IAF)using micron-sized inclusions and restricting the growth of prior austenite grains(PAGs)by nanosized particles during welding.The chaotically oriented IAF and refined PAGs inhibit crack initiation and propagation in the steel,resulting in high impact toughness.This work summarizes the com-bined effect of deoxidizers and alloying elements,with the aim to provide a new perspective for the research and practice related to im-proving the impact toughness of the heat affected zone(HAZ)during the high heat input welding.Ti complex deoxidation with other strong deoxidants,such as Mg,Ca,Zr,and rare earth metals(REMs),can improve the toughness of the heat-affected zone(HAZ)by re-fining PAGs or increasing IAF contents.However,it is difficult to identify the specific phase responsible for IAF nucleation because ef-fective inclusions formed by complex deoxidation are usually multiphase.Increasing alloying elements,such as C,Si,Al,Nb,or Cr,con-tents can impair HAZ toughness.A high C content typically increases the number of coarse carbides and decreases the potency of IAF formation.Si,Cr,or Al addition leads to the formation of undesirable microstructures.Nb reduces the high-temperature stability of the precipitates.Mo,V,and B can enhance HAZ toughness.Mo-containing precipitates present good thermal stability.VN or V(C,N)is ef-fective in promoting IAF nucleation due to its good coherent crystallographic relationship with ferrite.The formation of the B-depleted zone around the inclusion promotes IAF formation.The interactions between alloying elements are complex,and the effect of adding dif-ferent alloying elements remains to be evaluated.In the future,the interactions between various alloying elements and their effects on ox-ide metallurgy,as well as the calculation of the nucleation effects of effective inclusions using first principles calculations will become the focus of oxide metallurgy.展开更多
BACKGROUND The outcome of surgical treatment for colorectal cancer(CRC)remains unsatis-factory and warrants further exploration and optimization.AIM To clarify the impact of chemotherapy plus cellular immunotherapy[de...BACKGROUND The outcome of surgical treatment for colorectal cancer(CRC)remains unsatis-factory and warrants further exploration and optimization.AIM To clarify the impact of chemotherapy plus cellular immunotherapy[dendritic cell-cytokine-induced killer(DC-CIK)cell immunotherapy]on patients after CRC surgery and to explore the mediating variables.METHODS A total cohort of 121 patients who underwent CRC surgery between January 2019 and April 2022 were selected.The sample comprised a control group of 55 pa-tients who received the XELOX chemotherapy regimen and a research group of 66 patients who received XELOX+DC-CIK immunotherapy.We performed compa-rative analyses of the clinical and pathological data of the two groups,including efficacy(2-year disease-free survival[DFS]rate),the incidence of adverse events(diarrhea,myelosuppression,gastrointestinal reactions,and peripheral neuritis),serum levels of tumor markers[carcinoembryonic antigens and carbohydrate an-tigens(CA)19-9 and CA242],and T-cell subsets[cluster of differentiation(CD)3+,CD3+CD4+,CD3+CD8+,natural killer(NK),and NK T cells].We also conducted preliminary univariate and mul-tivariate analyses of the variables that affected the efficacy of the treatments.RESULTS We found a significantly higher 2-year DFS rate of treatment efficacy in the research group than in the control group,with a statistically lower incidence of adverse events.Both groups showed a reduction in serum tumor markers after treatment but there was no marked intergroup difference.After treatment,the various T-cell subgroup indicators in the control group were significantly lower than those in the research group.The indices of T-cell subsets in the research group showed no significant change from preoperative levels.Univariate analysis revealed a significant correlation between TNM staging,tumor differentiation,and the rates of nonresponse to treatment in CRC patients after surgery.Multivariate results indicated that the treatment approach significantly affected the efficacy of postoperative CRC treatment.CONCLUSION We concluded that XELOX+DC-CIK immunotherapy for postsurgical CRC patients offers reduced rates of treatment-induced adverse events,extended 2-year DFS,enhanced immunity,and increased physiological antitumor responses.展开更多
More than 5000 landslides or potential landslides have been triggered in the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)area since the impoundment in 2003.This study aims at investigating the reservoirinduced landslides spatiotempora...More than 5000 landslides or potential landslides have been triggered in the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)area since the impoundment in 2003.This study aims at investigating the reservoirinduced landslides spatiotemporal and size distribution and its influence factors in the TGR by taking 790 landslides as statistical samples.The landslides exhibit significant regional and sub-regional spatial differences,and numerous landslides occurred at the initial three impoundment stages and the corresponding 2-3 cycles of reservoir operations followed,but the landslide frequency decreased dramatically after 2010 from temporal perspective.The relationship between landslide development and topographical,geological as well as hydrological factors were analyzed qualitatively.The reservoir-induced landslides in TGR area exhibit self-organized criticality and the rollover is nearly 2.5×10^(4) m^(2),which could not be attributed to the missing data but the coupled influences imposed by affecting factors.Both the double Pareto and inverse gamma functions are more suitable than the power-law function to present the landslide size characteristics.In term of the fitting precious,the adaptability of the inverse gamma function is better if the landslide inventories are limited.The research results provide foundation for the landslide susceptibility maps and hazard risk assessment.展开更多
基金supported by the Bio&Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation(NRF)&funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(NRF-2021M3A9E4080780)Hankuk University of Foreign Studies(2024).
文摘Objectives:Recent research has shown that college students experience high levels of stress from various sources,which contribute to heightened rates of psychological distress and make them particularly vulnerable to mental health issues.Hence,we conducted a study,aimed to analyze the influence of a mobile-based walking routine on mental health outcomes,such as perceived stress and positive and negative affect.Methods:The participants were divided into two groups:the walking group(N=23)and the control group(N=24).The walking group engaged in an approximately 25-min walking session for at least 3 days per week,which was carefully monitored and facilitated with the help of the Nike Run Club application.The statistical analysis of the quantitative data was carried out with the help of SPSS 25.0.In addition to calculating descriptive statistics,we conducted an independent samples t-test,a repeated-measures ANOVA,and a paired sample t-test to analyze the effectiveness of the intervention.Results:A repeated-measures ANOVA revealed that the walking group exhibited significant reductions in perceived stress(t=2.03,p=0.049,Cohen’s D=0.60)and negative affect(t=2.19,p=0.033,Cohen’s D=0.65)after the intervention,whereas the control group showed no significant changes across time in any of the proposed variables.Conclusion:The results of the study continue to be indicative of the positive effects of regular walking on perceived stress and negative affect,preserving its role as a straightforward and accessible tool for reducing stress and negative affect.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52222904 and 52309117)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2022TQ0168 and 2023M731895).
文摘Ocean energy has progressively gained considerable interest due to its sufficient potential to meet the world’s energy demand,and the blade is the core component in electricity generation from the ocean current.However,the widened hydraulic excitation frequency may satisfy the blade resonance due to the time variation in the velocity and angle of attack of the ocean current,even resulting in blade fatigue and destructively interfering with grid stability.A key parameter that determines the resonance amplitude of the blade is the hydrodynamic damping ratio(HDR).However,HDR is difficult to obtain due to the complex fluid-structure interaction(FSI).Therefore,a literature review was conducted on the hydrodynamic damping characteristics of blade-like structures.The experimental and simulation methods used to identify and obtain the HDR quantitatively were described,placing emphasis on the experimental processes and simulation setups.Moreover,the accuracy and efficiency of different simulation methods were compared,and the modal work approach was recommended.The effects of key typical parameters,including flow velocity,angle of attack,gap,rotational speed,and cavitation,on the HDR were then summarized,and the suggestions on operating conditions were presented from the perspective of increasing the HDR.Subsequently,considering multiple flow parameters,several theoretical derivations and semi-empirical prediction formulas for HDR were introduced,and the accuracy and application were discussed.Based on the shortcomings of the existing research,the direction of future research was finally determined.The current work offers a clear understanding of the HDR of blade-like structures,which could improve the evaluation accuracy of flow-induced vibration in the design stage.
文摘1.A.Mertha,“‘Stressing Out’:Cadre Calibration and Affective Proximity to the CCP in Reform-Era China”,The China Quarterly,Vol.229,2017,pp.64-85.2.B.L.McCormick,“Book Review of‘The Chinese Communist Party's Capacity to Rule:Ideology,Legitimacy and Party Cohesion’”,The China Journal,Vol.77,2017,pp.161-163.
文摘The Brief Interactive Optimism Scale (BIOS-G), recently published, was developed to measure optimism based on the interactive personality styles theory in the general population of Mexican adults. It has been validated in both the general population in Mexico and other Latin American countries. This study aims to further consolidate the validity of the BIOS-G in a specific population. The objectives are to assess the psychometric properties of its items, validate its unidimensional structure, describe its distribution, verify its internal consistency, and examine its direct relationship with affective balance and positive affect, as well as its inverse relationship with emotional exhaustion and negative affect among Mexican university teachers. The BIOS-G, the CESQT emotional exhaustion subscale, and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) were administered to a non-probability sample of 213 Mexican university teachers. All items demonstrated discriminative power and internal consistency. The scale showed internal consistency (Green-Yang ordinal ω = 0.74 and McDonald ordinal ω = 0.88). The one-factor model presented good to acceptable fit to the data, with an average variance extracted of 0.65. Its distribution was negatively skewed and mesokurtic. The BIOS-G correlated directly with SPANE’s affective balance and positive emotional experiences and inversely with negative emotional experiences and emotional exhaustion, with moderate strengths of association. Its mean score was higher in men than in women and correlated positively with age. It is concluded that the BIOS-G demonstrates internal consistency and validity evidence among Mexican university teachers, and its use in this specific population is recommended.
文摘The dynamics of student engagement and emotional states significantly influence learning outcomes.Positive emotions resulting from successful task completion stand in contrast to negative affective states that arise from learning struggles or failures.Effective transitions to engagement occur upon problem resolution,while unresolved issues lead to frustration and subsequent boredom.This study proposes a Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)based approach utilizing the Multi⁃source Academic Affective Engagement Dataset(MAAED)to categorize facial expressions into boredom,confusion,frustration,and yawning.This method provides an efficient and objective way to assess student engagement by extracting features from facial images.Recognizing and addressing negative affective states,such as confusion and boredom,is fundamental in creating supportive learning environments.Through automated frame extraction and model comparison,this study demonstrates reduced loss values with improving accuracy,showcasing the effectiveness of this method in objectively evaluating student engagement.Monitoring facial engagement with CNN using the MAAED dataset is essential for gaining insights into human behaviour and improving educational experiences.
文摘For the following decades after the American Civil War,most American literature works presented the war in a romantic or sentimental manner.However,Stephen Crane’s The Red Badge of Courage gave it a naturalistic touch to tell the story of Henry Fleming,the main character,overcoming cowardice and becoming a hero.Through its revolutionary criticism of psychoanalysis and capitalism,Deleuze and Guattari contributed a legacy to postmodern philosophy with their affect philosophy,with virtuality at its pivot.Using the Deleuzo-Guattarian affective philosophy as a scope,it is clear that the maturing of Henry is in fact a sequence of two attempts of deterritorialization in the war,one failed and the other successful.The heroism Henry acquires is demonstrated in the form of virtual death and disconnection with meaning;nonetheless,his return to the society makes it an incomplete destratification,which,at the same time,indicates the opportunity to be a true hero is forever lost to Henry,lost on the battlefield.
基金Project of Jiangsu Province Technology Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health PreservationScientists Fund of the Natural Science Foundation of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine:to Study the Mechanism of Five Elements Music in the Treatment of Post-stroke Depression based on Metabolomics-based Study(NZY81804161)Major Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences Fund for Universities in Jiangsu Province:Research on Ancient Chinese Music Therapy Thought(2024SJZD150)。
文摘Under the background of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and medical data informationization,intelligent Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)emerges as a new medical model.In this study,we introduce Affective Computing into the diagnosis and treatment process of TCM FiveTone Therapy.And proposes an intelligent diagnosis and treatment system including Five-tone diagnosis,monitoring and treatment,to achieve intelligent music matching.This system based on sound-image database for standardized collection and diagnosis of the Five-tone.The assessment and monitoring process are then visually presented,and an emotion analysis model is established by using affective computing.On the other hand,the system employs virtual reality(VR)visual media music and somatosensory music to play and intelligently match the Five-tone,solving issues in the clinical treatment of Five-tone therapy,such as the difficulties of quantifying emotional data,limited ability for generalization feature extraction,and relatively insufficient research on the intelligence of Five-tone therapy.This study can promote the integration of technology in the fields of healthcare,information,and music,thereby enhancing the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment.It holds significant importance in advancing the intelligent development of Traditional Chinese Medicine diagnosis and treatment.
基金financed by the Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences(Poland)。
文摘Considering the comprehensive morphology and genesis of Podzols of the Stolowe Mountains,and the still-possible impact of frost actions and other processes related to cold climate on these soils,the main aims of this study were to determine whether(i)the heterogeneous Podzols in the Stolowe Mountains underwent a phase of development in a cold climate,resulting in frost action features visible on the micromorphological level,and whether(ii)contemporary cryopedogenic traces are masked by the translocation of organic matter due to the podzolisation process.Four soil profiles were investigated,revealing distinct layers corresponding to different periods of soil formation.Under field observation,no explicit frost-related characteristics were observed.Nevertheless,micromorphological analysis revealed cappings of fine materials on grains or peds,as well as development of granostriated(or any striated)b-fabric that resulted from the alternating effects of thawing and freezing processes.Moreover,micromorphological analysis revealed the presence of microstructures that could be the result of cryogenic processes,such as platy,angular blocky and lenticular features,as well as plane,vugh and star-shaped void types.The translocation of organic matter during podzolisation modified or concealed the frost-related features that developed during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene.This is evident,for instance,in the accumulation of organic matter on cappings and within soil voids,which further hinders the identification of frost-related characteristics and the interpretation of the soil's evolution.Macromorphological observations enhanced with micromorphological analyses revealed three distinct layers:(i)a young upper layer composed of loose,sandy material;(ii)a deeper layer containing a spodic horizon with frost actions,involving pedofeatures associated with the Pleistocene cold climate and(iii)a deeper subsoil basal layer.The abovementioned microstructures,combined with lithological discontinuity,support the hypothesised polygenetic origin of Podzols in the studied region.
文摘This paper is dedicated to constructing a theoretical framework for the identification and treatment of affective disorders in traditional Chinese medicine based on the“five-organ view”.Through in-depth analysis of the theoretical connotation of the“five-organ concept”,we discussed the characteristics of the five-organ mechanism of affective-philosophical disorders in detail,systematically constructed a system of identification based on the association of the five organs,and proposed a comprehensive and holistic treatment strategy.The results of the study clearly show that the theoretical framework can provide systematic theoretical guidance for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine,help to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic effects of affective-philosophical disorders,and provide new ideas and methods for the theoretical development and clinical practice of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine,which is of important theoretical and practical significance,and can further promote the modernization of the development of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine.
基金the Tianjin Health Research Project(Grant No.TJWJ2023MS038)Tianjin Education Commission Research Project(Grant No.2023KJ044)S&T Program of Hebei(SG2021189)。
文摘To the editor:A wide range of affective disorders affects people of all ages globally and contributes significantly to the global disease burden.1 In China,a nationwide survey found a 3.21% prevalence of affective disorders in children and adolescents,with major depressive disorder(MDD)at 2.00%and bipolar disorder at 0.86%.
文摘Dear Editor,Primary bladder neck obstruction(PBNO)affects approximately 28%–54%of men[1].Its etiology remains unclear.Symptoms of PBNO present as voiding(e.g.,decreased force of stream,hesitancy,intermittent stream,and incomplete emptying),storage(e.g.,frequency,urgency,urge incontinence,and nocturia),or a combination of both[2].Untreated PBNO can lead to bladder dysfunction,bladder diverticula,hydronephrosis,and impaired renal function[3].
文摘This paper develops two models to investigate the effect of team leader positive affectivity （PA） on team member turnover intention and team organizational citizenship behavior （OCB）, at the individual and team levels, respectively. A two-wave longitudinal study was conducted involving a survey of 58 team leaders and 174 team members in a large Chinese telecom company across a three-month period. We found that team members＇ organization-based self-esteem （OBSE） at Time 1 mediates the relationship between team leader PA at Time 1 and team member turnover intention at Time 2, whereas team aggregated OBSE at Time 1 mediates the relationship between leader PA at Time1 and team OCB at Time 2.
文摘In this editorial we comment on the article by Zhang et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry.We focus on identity diffusion,identity perturbations,their origin and developmental pathways.This is an upcoming problem in the society as not only school children are affected.Adolescents and young people suffer from uncertainty in gender identity,in self-image,migration effects due to chronic crises caused by war,pandemic disruptions or climate change.We show how such chronic uncertainty can be cared for,treated,and contained.The key is affective holding,reflection and to provide adequate affective mentalizing in a close concomitant way.These key features also depend on ambient conditions,such as psychotherapeutic care.In a qualitative interview study carried out in a cyclical research design with a comparative analysis on the basis of thematic coding using Grounded Theory Methodology we found institu-tionalized defenses in health policies.Professionals request better training and adequat academic knowledge as well as research into unresolved areas for improvement of the ambient conditions for adequat development of the self.Practice points for further clinical and scientific development are given and discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51931003,92263201)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2022SCU12094)+2 种基金the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M722253)supported by the Elements Strategy Initiative for Structural Materials(ESISM,No.JPMXP0112101000)the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(A)(No.JP23H00234)through the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology(MEXT),Japan.
文摘The hetero-zone boundary affected region(HBAR)significantly influences the mechanical behaviors of layered materials,where the deformation mechanisms differ from those in the bulk layers.In this study,three kinds of heterogeneous Cu-Fe layered materials with different interface spacing but identical total thicknesses were prepared.The effects of HBAR and strain partitioning on the tensile behavior of the lay-ered materials were investigated.The results showed that layered materials had enhanced yield strength and uniform elongation with decreasing interface spacing.During tensile deformation,geometrically nec-essary dislocations(GNDs)were generated at hetero-zone boundaries and piled up near them,resulting in hetero-deformation induced(HDI)strengthening and HDI work hardening.Surface profilometry mea-surements showed that the Cu and Fe layers exhibited obvious strain partitioning and mutual constraint.With decreasing interface spacing,strain partitioning is enhanced by interlayer constraint,which pre-vented strain localization at interfaces and thus improved the synergetic deformation of layers.A higher fraction of HBAR can improve the mechanical performance of heterogeneous layered materials.This study deepens our understanding of the relationship between HBAR and strength-ductility synergy and provides some insight into the design of layered materials.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction (ZDSYS20190902093601675)CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation (2019DP173024)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (82274358)Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain ScienceGuangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2023B1515040009)
文摘Painful stimuli elicit first-line reflexive defensive reactions and,in many cases,also evoke second-line recuperative behaviors,the latter of which reflects the sensing of tissue damage and the alleviation of suffering.The lateral parabrachial nucleus(lPBN),composed of external-(elPBN),dorsal-(dlPBN),and central/superior-subnuclei(jointly referred to as slPBN),receives sensory inputs from spinal projection neurons and plays important roles in processing affective information from external threats and body integrity disruption.However,the organizational rules of lPBN neurons that provoke diverse behaviors in response to different painful stimuli from cutaneous and deep tissues remain unclear.In this study,we used region-specific neuronal depletion or silencing approaches combined with a battery of behavioral assays to show that slPBN neurons expressing substance P receptor(NK1R)(lPBNNK1R)are crucial for driving pain-associated self-care behaviors evoked by sustained noxious thermal and mechanical stimuli applied to skin or bone/muscle,while elPBN neurons are dispensable for driving such reactions.Notably,lPBNNK1R neurons are specifically required for forming sustained somatic pain-induced negative teaching signals and aversive memory but are not necessary for fear-learning or escape behaviors elicited by external threats.Lastly,both lPBNNK1R and elPBN neurons contribute to chemical irritant-induced nocifensive reactions.Our results reveal the functional organization of parabrachial substrates that drive distinct behavioral outcomes in response to sustained pain versus external danger under physiological conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1960202).
文摘The mechanisms of oxide metallurgy include inducing the formation of intragranular acicular ferrite(IAF)using micron-sized inclusions and restricting the growth of prior austenite grains(PAGs)by nanosized particles during welding.The chaotically oriented IAF and refined PAGs inhibit crack initiation and propagation in the steel,resulting in high impact toughness.This work summarizes the com-bined effect of deoxidizers and alloying elements,with the aim to provide a new perspective for the research and practice related to im-proving the impact toughness of the heat affected zone(HAZ)during the high heat input welding.Ti complex deoxidation with other strong deoxidants,such as Mg,Ca,Zr,and rare earth metals(REMs),can improve the toughness of the heat-affected zone(HAZ)by re-fining PAGs or increasing IAF contents.However,it is difficult to identify the specific phase responsible for IAF nucleation because ef-fective inclusions formed by complex deoxidation are usually multiphase.Increasing alloying elements,such as C,Si,Al,Nb,or Cr,con-tents can impair HAZ toughness.A high C content typically increases the number of coarse carbides and decreases the potency of IAF formation.Si,Cr,or Al addition leads to the formation of undesirable microstructures.Nb reduces the high-temperature stability of the precipitates.Mo,V,and B can enhance HAZ toughness.Mo-containing precipitates present good thermal stability.VN or V(C,N)is ef-fective in promoting IAF nucleation due to its good coherent crystallographic relationship with ferrite.The formation of the B-depleted zone around the inclusion promotes IAF formation.The interactions between alloying elements are complex,and the effect of adding dif-ferent alloying elements remains to be evaluated.In the future,the interactions between various alloying elements and their effects on ox-ide metallurgy,as well as the calculation of the nucleation effects of effective inclusions using first principles calculations will become the focus of oxide metallurgy.
文摘BACKGROUND The outcome of surgical treatment for colorectal cancer(CRC)remains unsatis-factory and warrants further exploration and optimization.AIM To clarify the impact of chemotherapy plus cellular immunotherapy[dendritic cell-cytokine-induced killer(DC-CIK)cell immunotherapy]on patients after CRC surgery and to explore the mediating variables.METHODS A total cohort of 121 patients who underwent CRC surgery between January 2019 and April 2022 were selected.The sample comprised a control group of 55 pa-tients who received the XELOX chemotherapy regimen and a research group of 66 patients who received XELOX+DC-CIK immunotherapy.We performed compa-rative analyses of the clinical and pathological data of the two groups,including efficacy(2-year disease-free survival[DFS]rate),the incidence of adverse events(diarrhea,myelosuppression,gastrointestinal reactions,and peripheral neuritis),serum levels of tumor markers[carcinoembryonic antigens and carbohydrate an-tigens(CA)19-9 and CA242],and T-cell subsets[cluster of differentiation(CD)3+,CD3+CD4+,CD3+CD8+,natural killer(NK),and NK T cells].We also conducted preliminary univariate and mul-tivariate analyses of the variables that affected the efficacy of the treatments.RESULTS We found a significantly higher 2-year DFS rate of treatment efficacy in the research group than in the control group,with a statistically lower incidence of adverse events.Both groups showed a reduction in serum tumor markers after treatment but there was no marked intergroup difference.After treatment,the various T-cell subgroup indicators in the control group were significantly lower than those in the research group.The indices of T-cell subsets in the research group showed no significant change from preoperative levels.Univariate analysis revealed a significant correlation between TNM staging,tumor differentiation,and the rates of nonresponse to treatment in CRC patients after surgery.Multivariate results indicated that the treatment approach significantly affected the efficacy of postoperative CRC treatment.CONCLUSION We concluded that XELOX+DC-CIK immunotherapy for postsurgical CRC patients offers reduced rates of treatment-induced adverse events,extended 2-year DFS,enhanced immunity,and increased physiological antitumor responses.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42277187,42407279)the United Key Program of the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(No.U23A202579)+4 种基金Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.D2021202002)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2022JJ40521)Changsha Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No.kq2202065)the Open Research Fund Program of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Big Data Smart Application of Natural Disaster Risks Survey of Highway Engineering(No.BNH2024KFB04)the Conselleria de Innovación,Universidades,Ciencia y Sociedad Digital(No.CIAICO/2021/335)to Roberto Tomás。
文摘More than 5000 landslides or potential landslides have been triggered in the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR)area since the impoundment in 2003.This study aims at investigating the reservoirinduced landslides spatiotemporal and size distribution and its influence factors in the TGR by taking 790 landslides as statistical samples.The landslides exhibit significant regional and sub-regional spatial differences,and numerous landslides occurred at the initial three impoundment stages and the corresponding 2-3 cycles of reservoir operations followed,but the landslide frequency decreased dramatically after 2010 from temporal perspective.The relationship between landslide development and topographical,geological as well as hydrological factors were analyzed qualitatively.The reservoir-induced landslides in TGR area exhibit self-organized criticality and the rollover is nearly 2.5×10^(4) m^(2),which could not be attributed to the missing data but the coupled influences imposed by affecting factors.Both the double Pareto and inverse gamma functions are more suitable than the power-law function to present the landslide size characteristics.In term of the fitting precious,the adaptability of the inverse gamma function is better if the landslide inventories are limited.The research results provide foundation for the landslide susceptibility maps and hazard risk assessment.
