This study investigates prescribed-time position tracking control for electromagnetic satellite formations subject to model uncertainties and external disturbances.Using the Clohessy-Wiltshire equations as the relativ...This study investigates prescribed-time position tracking control for electromagnetic satellite formations subject to model uncertainties and external disturbances.Using the Clohessy-Wiltshire equations as the relative motion dynamics model,a prescribed time output feedback control strategy is proposed.A prescribed-time extended state observer is designed to estimate the relative velocity and external disturbances.The disturbance estimates are then used as the feedforward component of the controller.Building on this framework,a novel prescribed-time active disturbance rejection control strategy for position tracking is developed via a backstepping control design.The convergence of the extended state observer and the stability of the closed-loop system are rigorously analyzed using Lyapunov stability theory.Numerical simulations are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.展开更多
Objective Stroke is the third leading cause of death worldwide,with the highest incidence in Asia,particularly in China,where smoking remains a major risk factor.The smoking prevalence in China is similar to that in A...Objective Stroke is the third leading cause of death worldwide,with the highest incidence in Asia,particularly in China,where smoking remains a major risk factor.The smoking prevalence in China is similar to that in Asia.Whether the risk estimates for smoking-related stroke in China and all Asian countries are still unknown which is worth evaluating.Thus,this study aims to compare the Relative Risk(RR)of smoking-attributed stroke among the Chinese and Asian populations.Methods A literature search was conducted from the inception to September 10,2022.Studies meeting the criteria were included.The articles were screened,and related information was extracted.Pooled RRs stratified by smoking status and sex were analyzed,including subgroup analyses for China,other Asian countries,and Asia overall.Finally,publication bias and sensitivity analyses were conducted.Results Thirty-seven articles on the Chinese population and 15 on other Asian populations were included,with a mean Newcastle-Ottawa scale(NOS)score of 7.25.About ever smokers,there had no statistical difference existed in both sexes and females between China and other Asian countries,while the RR of males in other Asian countries[2.31(1.38,3.86)]was higher than that in China[1.21(1.15,1.26)];further subgroup analysis indicated that other Asian countries had higher RR[3.76(3.02,4.67)]in the morbidity subgroup.The RRs of both sexes,males and females,between China and the whole of Asia were not statistically different.As for current and former smokers,no meaningful statistical difference was observed in the pooled RRs of both sexes,males and females,in China,other Asian countries,and all of Asia.Conclusion The RR of males ever smokers in China was smaller than that in other Asian countries due to the few articles of morbidity subgroup,but had no statistical difference with the whole of Asia;other groups of ever smokers,current smokers,and former smokers were not statistically significant with other Asian countries or the whole of Asia.展开更多
This study extends the self-propelled particle(SPP)model by incorporating a limited vision cone and local density sensing.The results reveal that clusters can simultaneously exhibit velocity polarization and spatial c...This study extends the self-propelled particle(SPP)model by incorporating a limited vision cone and local density sensing.The results reveal that clusters can simultaneously exhibit velocity polarization and spatial cohesion within specific ranges of vision angle and density threshold.The dependence of the dynamical features,including the order parameter and density variation,on the threshold and visual cone is investigated.Furthermore,a critical threshold is identified,which governs the transition between ordered and disordered states and is closely linked to density fluctuations and noise intensity.The clustering results show that the model is explained by the chasing mechanism responsible for cluster formation,density,and shape.These results may stimulate practical applications in swarm maneuvering.展开更多
Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.(A.macrocephala)is a medicinal and edible plant species belonging to the Compositae family.Its rhizome serves both therapeutic and nutritional purposes in China.This investigation led t...Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.(A.macrocephala)is a medicinal and edible plant species belonging to the Compositae family.Its rhizome serves both therapeutic and nutritional purposes in China.This investigation led to the isolation of thirteen novel rearranged 9(8→7)-abeo-eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoid dimers(SDs),atramacronins A-M(1-13),three eudesmane-type SDs,atramacronins N-P(14-16),and two previously identified meroterpenoids,atrachinenin G(17)and atrachineninΙ(18),from Atractylodes macrocephala.Structure elucidation was accomplished through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Compounds 1,4-7,9,and 10 exhibited notable cytotoxicity against Hep3B,HepG2,and Huh7 cell lines,with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))values ranging from 3.71 to 13.99μmol·L^(-1).展开更多
The escalating global issues of water scarcity and pollution emphasize the critical need for the rapid development of efficient and eco-friendly water treatment technologies.Photoelectrocatalytic technology has emerge...The escalating global issues of water scarcity and pollution emphasize the critical need for the rapid development of efficient and eco-friendly water treatment technologies.Photoelectrocatalytic technology has emerged as a promising solution for effectively degrading refractory organic pollutants in water under light conditions.This review delves into the advancements made in the field,focusing on strategies to enhance the generation of active species by modulating the micro-interface of the photoanode.Strategies,such as morphological control,element doping,introduction of surface oxygen vacancies,and construction of heterostructures,significantly improve the separation efficiency of photogenerated charges and the generation of active species,thereby boosting the efficiency of photoelectrocatalytic performance.Furthermore,the review explores the potential applications of photoelectrocatalytic technology in organic pollutant degradation in solutions.It also outlines the current challenges and future development directions.Despite its remarkable laboratory success,practical implementation of photoelectrocatalytic technology encounters obstacles related to stability,cost-effectiveness,and operational efficiency.Future investigations need to focus on optimizing the performance of photoelectrocatalytic materials and exploring strategies for upscaling their application in real water treatment scenarios.展开更多
Population aging is one of the common challenges in the current world.As people age,the body’s tissues including cells,and molecules inevitably degrade,and their functions gradually decline,causing various age-relate...Population aging is one of the common challenges in the current world.As people age,the body’s tissues including cells,and molecules inevitably degrade,and their functions gradually decline,causing various age-related diseases like Alzheimer’s disease,osteoporosis,low immunity,glucose and lipid metabolism disorders,and cardiovascular diseases.With the continuous increase of the elderly population,the pressure on the medical industry is increasing.To lower the burden on the medical industry and increase the average age of the elderly,it is vital to explore effective anti-aging materials.Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma(Renshen),as a traditional and precious Chinese medicinal herb,is known as the“king of all herbs”.It is famous for its effects of“tonifying Qi,restoring pulse”(helping with the generation of Qi(the fundamental,vital energy that continuously flows within the body)and the circulation of blood)and strengthening the body,nourishing the spleen and lungs,generating fluids and nourishing blood,calming the mind and improving intelligence.Recently,its anti-aging effect has received increasing attention from modern scientific research.This study summarizes the pharmacological effects of the main active ingredients of Renshen(ginsenosides,polysaccharides,etc.)on resisting aging,including preventing neuroaging,suppressing skin aging,mitigating ovarian aging,inhibiting osteoporosis and arthritis,enhancing the immune system of the elderly,protecting the cardiovascular system,resisting aging-induced fatigue and exerting the anti-tumor effects.Through network pharmacology and molecular docking,the anti-aging active ingredients of Renshen were screened,and the key targets and pathways of anti-aging active ingredients in Renshen were determined.Using network pharmacology,totally 106 drug targets and 3,479 disease targets were screened,and 79 common targets between aging and Renshen were identified.Three core targets were identified in the PPI network,including TNF,AKT1,and IL-1β.Molecular docking was used to obtain further verification.This study emphasizes the potential of Renshen as a source of anti-aging activity,which can be developed into a novel drug for the treatment of age-related diseases.展开更多
In this study,the mechanism and characteristics of the responseαparticles and the damage caused by them in CMOS active pixel(APS)sensors were investigated.A detection and compensation algorithm for dead pixels caused...In this study,the mechanism and characteristics of the responseαparticles and the damage caused by them in CMOS active pixel(APS)sensors were investigated.A detection and compensation algorithm for dead pixels caused byαparticle ionizing radiation was proposed,and the effects of dead-pixel compensation algorithms were compared and analyzed under different parameter conditions.The experimental results show thatαparticle response signal has highest accuracy at 9 dB gain,with an obvious“target-ring”distribution.With increasing cumulative dose,the CMOS APS pedestal tends to saturation while dead pixels continue increasing.Though some pixel damage recovers through natural annealing,the dead-to-noise ratio increases with irradiation time,reaching 32.54%after 72 h.A hierarchical clustering dead-pixel detection method is proposed,categorizing pixels into two types:those within and outside the response event.A classification compensation strategy combining mean and majority filtering is proposed.This compensation algorithm can address dead-pixel interference without affectingαparticle radiation response data.When iterated multiple times and with integration time exceeding 6.31 ms,the number of dead pixels can be effectively reduced.展开更多
Under the condition of frequent replacement of wind tunnel models,multiple types of wind tunnel models are fixed by a slender support sting with low stiffness damping.When excited by wind load,various models produce r...Under the condition of frequent replacement of wind tunnel models,multiple types of wind tunnel models are fixed by a slender support sting with low stiffness damping.When excited by wind load,various models produce random multi-dimensional vibration with different characteristics,which makes it impossible to obtain accurate and efficient aerodynamic data.Therefore,in order to ensure the reliable and efficient conduction of wind tunnel test,a wind-tunnel-modeladaptive vibration control method is proposed in this paper.First,the split type adaptive vibration suppression structure is designed.Second,the multi-dimensional vibration characteristic characterization method is derived and the vibration characteristic identification method of the system is designed.Then,a vibration state estimation model is established according to the identification results of vibration characteristics,and a multi-actuator cooperative control method based on vibration state estimation is constructed.Finally,a model-adaptive vibration control system is built,and vibration characteristics identification and hammer experiments are carried out for two types of typical models.The results show that the proposed model-adaptive vibration control method increases the equivalent damping ratio of pitch and yaw dimensions of the high-aspect-ratio class model by 8.19 times and 48.81 times,respectively.The equivalent damping ratio of pitch and yaw dimensions of the highslenderness-ratio class model is increased by 16.44 and 5.43 times,respectively.It provides a strong guarantee for the reliable and efficient development of multi-type wind tunnel test tasks.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Hemiplegia,a prevalent stroke-related condition,is often studied for motor dysfunction;however,spasticity remains under-researched.Abnormal muscle tone significantly hinders hemiplegic patients’walking rec...BACKGROUND:Hemiplegia,a prevalent stroke-related condition,is often studied for motor dysfunction;however,spasticity remains under-researched.Abnormal muscle tone significantly hinders hemiplegic patients’walking recovery.OBJECTIVE:To determine whether early suspension-protected training with a personal assistant machine for stroke patients enhances walking ability and prevents muscle spasms.METHODS:Thirty-two early-stage stroke patients from Shenzhen University General Hospital and the China Rehabilitation Research Center were randomly assigned to the experimental group(n=16)and the control group(n=16).Both groups underwent 4 weeks of gait training under the suspension protection system for 30 minutes daily,5 days a week.The experimental group used the personal assistant machine during training.Three-dimensional gait analysis(using the Cortex motion capture system),Brunnstrom staging,Fugl-Meyer Assessment for lower limb motor function,Fugl-Meyer balance function,and the modified Ashworth Scale were evaluated within 1 week before the intervention and after 4 weeks of intervention.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After the 4-week intervention,all outcome measures showed significant changes in each group.The experimental group had a small but significant increase in the modified Ashworth Scale score(P<0.05,d=|0.15|),while the control group had a large significant increase(P<0.05,d=|1.48|).The experimental group demonstrated greater improvements in walking speed(16.5 to 38.44 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|4.01|),step frequency(46.44 to 64.94 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|2.32|),stride length(15.50 to 29.81 cm,P<0.05,d=|3.44|),and peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.82|to|2.17|).After treatment,the experimental group showed significantly greater improvements than the control group in walking speed(38.44 vs.26.63 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|2.75|),stride length,peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.31|to|1.45|),step frequency(64.94 vs.59.38 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|0.85|),and a reduced support phase(bilateral:24.31%vs.28.38%,P<0.05,d=|0.88|;non-paretic:66.19%vs.70.13%,P<0.05,d=|0.94|).For early hemiplegia,personal assistant machine-assisted gait training under the suspension protection system helps establish a correct gait pattern,prevents muscle spasms,and improves motor function.展开更多
Thermal storage electric heating(TSEH),as a prevalent variable load resource,offers significant potential for enhancing system flexibility when aggregated into a cluster.To address the uncertainties of renewable energ...Thermal storage electric heating(TSEH),as a prevalent variable load resource,offers significant potential for enhancing system flexibility when aggregated into a cluster.To address the uncertainties of renewable energy and load forecasting in active distribution networks(ADN),this paper proposes a multi-timescale coordinated optimal dispatch strategy that incorporates TSEH clusters.It utilizes the thermal storage characteristics and short-term regulation capabilities of TSEH,along with the rapid and gradual response characteristics of resources in active distribution grids,to develop a coordinated optimization dispatch mechanism for day-ahead,intraday,and real-time stages.It provides a coordinated optimized dispatch technique across several timescales for active distribution grids,taking into account the integration of TSEH clusters.The proposed method is validated on a modified IEEE 33-node system.Simulation results demonstrate that the participation of TSEH in collaborative optimization significantly reduces the total system operating cost by 8.71%compared to the scenario without TSEH.This cost reduction is attributed to a 10.84%decrease in interaction costs with the main grid and a 47.41%reduction in network loss costs,validating effective peak shaving and valley filling.The multi-timescale framework further enhances economic efficiency,with overall operating costs progressively decreasing by 3.91%(intraday)and 4.59%(real-time),and interaction costs further reduced by 5.34%and 9.25%,respectively.Moreover,the approach enhances system stability by effectively suppressing node voltage fluctuations and ensuring all voltages remain within safe operating limits during real-time operation.Therefore,the proposed approach achieves rational coordination of diverse resources,significantly improving the economic efficiency and stability of ADNs.展开更多
A D-type photonic crystal fiber(PCF) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance(SPR) principle is designed.In order to excite the SPR effect,a gold film is plated on the open-loop channel of the sensor,the free electro...A D-type photonic crystal fiber(PCF) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance(SPR) principle is designed.In order to excite the SPR effect,a gold film is plated on the open-loop channel of the sensor,the free electrons in a metal are resonated with photons.The structural parameters are fine-tuned and the sensing performance of the sensor is studied.The results show that the maximum spectral sensitivity reaches 18 000 nm/RIU in the refractive index range of 1.24—1.32,and the maximum resolution is 5.56×10^(-6) RIU.The novel structure with high sensitivity and low refractive index provides a new perspective for fluid density detection.展开更多
我国地域辽阔,自然灾害频发,现有的灾后临时避难建筑虽然能够满足灾后快速安置灾民的需求,但普遍居住效果差,不利于人们身心健康,同时也对环境造成了严重影响。因此,发展具备良好性能的灾后临时避难建筑对于我国防范和应对重大自然灾害...我国地域辽阔,自然灾害频发,现有的灾后临时避难建筑虽然能够满足灾后快速安置灾民的需求,但普遍居住效果差,不利于人们身心健康,同时也对环境造成了严重影响。因此,发展具备良好性能的灾后临时避难建筑对于我国防范和应对重大自然灾害、确保灾后人民安置具有重要意义。基于绿色可持续的视角,在灾后临时避难建筑设计中引入主动式建筑理念,并以2023年Active House Award获奖作品为例,提出了涵盖生态保护、人文关怀和经济循环的三位一体多目标设计策略,为灾后临时避难建筑的设计与发展提出了更多可能性,也为决策者在灾后恢复重建工作提供了参考和借鉴。展开更多
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)superfamily plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis.Activin A receptor type 1C(ACVR1C)is a TGF-βtype I receptor that is involved in tumorigenesis th...BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)superfamily plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis.Activin A receptor type 1C(ACVR1C)is a TGF-βtype I receptor that is involved in tumorigenesis through binding to dif-ferent ligands.AIM To evaluate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)of ACVR1C and susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)in Chinese Han population.METHODS In this hospital-based cohort study,1043 ESCC patients and 1143 healthy controls were enrolled.Five SNPs(rs4664229,rs4556933,rs77886248,rs77263459,rs6734630)of ACVR1C were assessed by the ligation detection reaction method.Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test,genetic model analysis,stratified analysis,linkage disequi-librium test,and haplotype analysis were conducted.RESULTS Participants carrying ACVR1C rs4556933 GA mutant had significantly decreased risk of ESCC,and those with rs77886248 TA mutant were related with higher risk,especially in older male smokers.In the haplotype analysis,ACVR1C Trs4664229Ars4556933Trs77886248Crs77263459Ars6734630 increased risk of ESCC,while Trs4664229Grs4556933Trs77886248Crs77263459Ars6734630 was associated with lower susceptibility to ESCC.CONCLUSION ACVR1C rs4556933 and rs77886248 SNPs were associated with the susceptibility to ESCC,which could provide a potential target for early diagnosis and treatment of ESCC in Chinese Han population.展开更多
AIM：To investigate the relationship between Creactive protein（CRP）and diabetic retinopathy（DR）in a cohort of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）.·METHODS：Community-based observational coh...AIM：To investigate the relationship between Creactive protein（CRP）and diabetic retinopathy（DR）in a cohort of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）.·METHODS：Community-based observational cohort study.There were 1131 participants recruited from November 2009 to September 2011 in Desheng community in urban Beijing.Patients diagnosed T2DM were recruited and underwent a standardized evaluation consisting of a questionnaire,ocular and anthropometric examinations and laboratory investigation.The presence and severity of DR were assessed by seven fields 30°color fundus photographs.Subjects were then classified into groups with no DR,any DR,or vision-threatening DR.CRP was analyzed from serum of study subjects.·RESULTS：A total of 1007 patients with T2DM were included for analysis,including 408（40.5%）men and 599（59.5%）women.The median CRP level was 1.5 mg/L for women and 1.1 mg/L for men（=0.004,OR 0.37,95%CI0.18-0.74）.After adjusting for possible covariates,higher levels of CRP were associated with lower prevalence of any DR（=0.02,OR 0.55,95%CI 0.35-0.89）,but not associated with vision-threatening DR（=0.62,OR 0.78,95%CI 0.28-2.14）.After stratification by sex,the inverse association between CRP and DR was found to be statistically significant in men（=0.006,OR 0.35,95%CI0.16-0.73）,but not in women（=0.58,OR 0.88,95%CI0.29-1.16）.·CONCLUSION：The data drawn from a Chinese population with T2DM suggest that increasing CRP levels may be inversely associated with development of DR.展开更多
Physical model tests with highly reflective structures often encounter a problem of multiple reflections between the structures and the wavemaker. This paper presents a piston-type active absorbing wavemaker system wh...Physical model tests with highly reflective structures often encounter a problem of multiple reflections between the structures and the wavemaker. This paper presents a piston-type active absorbing wavemaker system which can absorb most of the reflections. Based on the first-order wavemaker theory, a frequency domain absorption transfer function is modeled. Its time realization can be achieved by designing an IIR digital filter, which is used to control the absorbing wavemaker system. In a real system, time delays often exist in the wave making process. Thus a delay compensation term to the transfer function is proposed. Experimental results show that the system performs well for both regular and irregular waves with periods from 0.6 s to 2.0 s, and the absorption capability is larger than 96.5% at target wave fields.展开更多
We theoretically investigate the Doppler effect on optical bistability in an N-type active Raman gain atomic system inside an optical ring cavity. It is shown that the Doppler effect can greatly enhance the dispersion...We theoretically investigate the Doppler effect on optical bistability in an N-type active Raman gain atomic system inside an optical ring cavity. It is shown that the Doppler effect can greatly enhance the dispersion and thus create the bistable behaviour or greatly increase the bistable region, which has been known as the positive Doppler effect on optical bistability. In addition, we find that a positive Doppler effect can change optical bistability from the hybrid dispersion-gain type to a dispersive type.展开更多
In this paper, by virtue of an inequality and sane analysis techniques, we prove sane convergence theorems cm the iterative process for nonlinear mappings of-pseudo contractive type in named linear spaces, which exten...In this paper, by virtue of an inequality and sane analysis techniques, we prove sane convergence theorems cm the iterative process for nonlinear mappings of-pseudo contractive type in named linear spaces, which extend and improve the corresponding results obtained by others recently.展开更多
Type 2 diabetes(T2D)is an insidious disease associated with neural and vascular complications,acceleration of cardiovascular disease,changes in heart function,and premature death.In the newly released article of the J...Type 2 diabetes(T2D)is an insidious disease associated with neural and vascular complications,acceleration of cardiovascular disease,changes in heart function,and premature death.In the newly released article of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,Liang et al.1 describe results from the UK Biobank data showing the benefits of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity(MVPA)on reducing the risks for vascular events in 11,474 adults with T2D and prediabetes.展开更多
Pump valve pipeline vibration brings serious safety hazards to the operation of the equipment,for the pump valve system in the process of variable flow,variable speed,variable openings lead to excessive pipeline vibra...Pump valve pipeline vibration brings serious safety hazards to the operation of the equipment,for the pump valve system in the process of variable flow,variable speed,variable openings lead to excessive pipeline vibration.An active damping device(ADD)is used to the vibration of the pump valve pipeline system to apply the control force,to achieve the active control of the pipeline vibration.A pump-valve pipeline vibration test bench was built to compare the control effect of active damping device on pipeline vibration under different pump valve working conditions,and the results show that applying ADD control could effectively suppress the vibration of the pump valve pipeline and enhance the stability of the equipment during operation.At different pump operating rotation frequencies,the vibration amplitude of the pump valve pipeline in working frequency and its multiple frequencies are also effectively suppressed,with the maximum amplitude reduction of more than 60%.For the valve vibration caused by different operating openings,the vibration of the highest reduction of 68%,and the centrifugal pump drive shaft vi-bration reduced by up to 73%,which provides a new idea for vibration control of pump valve pipeline system.展开更多
文摘This study investigates prescribed-time position tracking control for electromagnetic satellite formations subject to model uncertainties and external disturbances.Using the Clohessy-Wiltshire equations as the relative motion dynamics model,a prescribed time output feedback control strategy is proposed.A prescribed-time extended state observer is designed to estimate the relative velocity and external disturbances.The disturbance estimates are then used as the feedforward component of the controller.Building on this framework,a novel prescribed-time active disturbance rejection control strategy for position tracking is developed via a backstepping control design.The convergence of the extended state observer and the stability of the closed-loop system are rigorously analyzed using Lyapunov stability theory.Numerical simulations are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
基金funded by the State Key Laboratory Special Fund(2060204)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2023-I2M-2-001)Strengthen Capacity of Study and Application on the Burden of Disease in Health Care Systems in China:Establishment and Development of Chinese Burden of Disease Research and Dissemination Center(15-208)supported by the China Medical Board(CMB)。
文摘Objective Stroke is the third leading cause of death worldwide,with the highest incidence in Asia,particularly in China,where smoking remains a major risk factor.The smoking prevalence in China is similar to that in Asia.Whether the risk estimates for smoking-related stroke in China and all Asian countries are still unknown which is worth evaluating.Thus,this study aims to compare the Relative Risk(RR)of smoking-attributed stroke among the Chinese and Asian populations.Methods A literature search was conducted from the inception to September 10,2022.Studies meeting the criteria were included.The articles were screened,and related information was extracted.Pooled RRs stratified by smoking status and sex were analyzed,including subgroup analyses for China,other Asian countries,and Asia overall.Finally,publication bias and sensitivity analyses were conducted.Results Thirty-seven articles on the Chinese population and 15 on other Asian populations were included,with a mean Newcastle-Ottawa scale(NOS)score of 7.25.About ever smokers,there had no statistical difference existed in both sexes and females between China and other Asian countries,while the RR of males in other Asian countries[2.31(1.38,3.86)]was higher than that in China[1.21(1.15,1.26)];further subgroup analysis indicated that other Asian countries had higher RR[3.76(3.02,4.67)]in the morbidity subgroup.The RRs of both sexes,males and females,between China and the whole of Asia were not statistically different.As for current and former smokers,no meaningful statistical difference was observed in the pooled RRs of both sexes,males and females,in China,other Asian countries,and all of Asia.Conclusion The RR of males ever smokers in China was smaller than that in other Asian countries due to the few articles of morbidity subgroup,but had no statistical difference with the whole of Asia;other groups of ever smokers,current smokers,and former smokers were not statistically significant with other Asian countries or the whole of Asia.
基金Project supported by the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.KYCX240139)funded by the Youth Independent Innovation Fund of PLA Army Engineering University(Grant No.KYJBJKQTZQ23006)。
文摘This study extends the self-propelled particle(SPP)model by incorporating a limited vision cone and local density sensing.The results reveal that clusters can simultaneously exhibit velocity polarization and spatial cohesion within specific ranges of vision angle and density threshold.The dependence of the dynamical features,including the order parameter and density variation,on the threshold and visual cone is investigated.Furthermore,a critical threshold is identified,which governs the transition between ordered and disordered states and is closely linked to density fluctuations and noise intensity.The clustering results show that the model is explained by the chasing mechanism responsible for cluster formation,density,and shape.These results may stimulate practical applications in swarm maneuvering.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32470414,32100319,and 82104377)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,SWU(No.SWU-KR22052)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.CSTB2022NSCQMSX0878)Chongqing Municipal Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(No.S20241063290).
文摘Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.(A.macrocephala)is a medicinal and edible plant species belonging to the Compositae family.Its rhizome serves both therapeutic and nutritional purposes in China.This investigation led to the isolation of thirteen novel rearranged 9(8→7)-abeo-eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoid dimers(SDs),atramacronins A-M(1-13),three eudesmane-type SDs,atramacronins N-P(14-16),and two previously identified meroterpenoids,atrachinenin G(17)and atrachineninΙ(18),from Atractylodes macrocephala.Structure elucidation was accomplished through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Compounds 1,4-7,9,and 10 exhibited notable cytotoxicity against Hep3B,HepG2,and Huh7 cell lines,with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))values ranging from 3.71 to 13.99μmol·L^(-1).
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52100076)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2023MS064)。
文摘The escalating global issues of water scarcity and pollution emphasize the critical need for the rapid development of efficient and eco-friendly water treatment technologies.Photoelectrocatalytic technology has emerged as a promising solution for effectively degrading refractory organic pollutants in water under light conditions.This review delves into the advancements made in the field,focusing on strategies to enhance the generation of active species by modulating the micro-interface of the photoanode.Strategies,such as morphological control,element doping,introduction of surface oxygen vacancies,and construction of heterostructures,significantly improve the separation efficiency of photogenerated charges and the generation of active species,thereby boosting the efficiency of photoelectrocatalytic performance.Furthermore,the review explores the potential applications of photoelectrocatalytic technology in organic pollutant degradation in solutions.It also outlines the current challenges and future development directions.Despite its remarkable laboratory success,practical implementation of photoelectrocatalytic technology encounters obstacles related to stability,cost-effectiveness,and operational efficiency.Future investigations need to focus on optimizing the performance of photoelectrocatalytic materials and exploring strategies for upscaling their application in real water treatment scenarios.
基金supported by the Jilin Science and Technology Development Talent Special Project,Nos.20240601086RC,23JQ08(all to ZH)YDZJ202502CXJD077+1 种基金JLARS-2025-0802-09YDZJ202501ZYTS706.
文摘Population aging is one of the common challenges in the current world.As people age,the body’s tissues including cells,and molecules inevitably degrade,and their functions gradually decline,causing various age-related diseases like Alzheimer’s disease,osteoporosis,low immunity,glucose and lipid metabolism disorders,and cardiovascular diseases.With the continuous increase of the elderly population,the pressure on the medical industry is increasing.To lower the burden on the medical industry and increase the average age of the elderly,it is vital to explore effective anti-aging materials.Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma(Renshen),as a traditional and precious Chinese medicinal herb,is known as the“king of all herbs”.It is famous for its effects of“tonifying Qi,restoring pulse”(helping with the generation of Qi(the fundamental,vital energy that continuously flows within the body)and the circulation of blood)and strengthening the body,nourishing the spleen and lungs,generating fluids and nourishing blood,calming the mind and improving intelligence.Recently,its anti-aging effect has received increasing attention from modern scientific research.This study summarizes the pharmacological effects of the main active ingredients of Renshen(ginsenosides,polysaccharides,etc.)on resisting aging,including preventing neuroaging,suppressing skin aging,mitigating ovarian aging,inhibiting osteoporosis and arthritis,enhancing the immune system of the elderly,protecting the cardiovascular system,resisting aging-induced fatigue and exerting the anti-tumor effects.Through network pharmacology and molecular docking,the anti-aging active ingredients of Renshen were screened,and the key targets and pathways of anti-aging active ingredients in Renshen were determined.Using network pharmacology,totally 106 drug targets and 3,479 disease targets were screened,and 79 common targets between aging and Renshen were identified.Three core targets were identified in the PPI network,including TNF,AKT1,and IL-1β.Molecular docking was used to obtain further verification.This study emphasizes the potential of Renshen as a source of anti-aging activity,which can be developed into a novel drug for the treatment of age-related diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11905102)Hunan Provincial Postgraduate Research and Innovation Project(No.QL20230234)。
文摘In this study,the mechanism and characteristics of the responseαparticles and the damage caused by them in CMOS active pixel(APS)sensors were investigated.A detection and compensation algorithm for dead pixels caused byαparticle ionizing radiation was proposed,and the effects of dead-pixel compensation algorithms were compared and analyzed under different parameter conditions.The experimental results show thatαparticle response signal has highest accuracy at 9 dB gain,with an obvious“target-ring”distribution.With increasing cumulative dose,the CMOS APS pedestal tends to saturation while dead pixels continue increasing.Though some pixel damage recovers through natural annealing,the dead-to-noise ratio increases with irradiation time,reaching 32.54%after 72 h.A hierarchical clustering dead-pixel detection method is proposed,categorizing pixels into two types:those within and outside the response event.A classification compensation strategy combining mean and majority filtering is proposed.This compensation algorithm can address dead-pixel interference without affectingαparticle radiation response data.When iterated multiple times and with integration time exceeding 6.31 ms,the number of dead pixels can be effectively reduced.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52475550,52305095)in part by the Key R&D Project of Liaoning Province,China(No.2023JH2/101800026)。
文摘Under the condition of frequent replacement of wind tunnel models,multiple types of wind tunnel models are fixed by a slender support sting with low stiffness damping.When excited by wind load,various models produce random multi-dimensional vibration with different characteristics,which makes it impossible to obtain accurate and efficient aerodynamic data.Therefore,in order to ensure the reliable and efficient conduction of wind tunnel test,a wind-tunnel-modeladaptive vibration control method is proposed in this paper.First,the split type adaptive vibration suppression structure is designed.Second,the multi-dimensional vibration characteristic characterization method is derived and the vibration characteristic identification method of the system is designed.Then,a vibration state estimation model is established according to the identification results of vibration characteristics,and a multi-actuator cooperative control method based on vibration state estimation is constructed.Finally,a model-adaptive vibration control system is built,and vibration characteristics identification and hammer experiments are carried out for two types of typical models.The results show that the proposed model-adaptive vibration control method increases the equivalent damping ratio of pitch and yaw dimensions of the high-aspect-ratio class model by 8.19 times and 48.81 times,respectively.The equivalent damping ratio of pitch and yaw dimensions of the highslenderness-ratio class model is increased by 16.44 and 5.43 times,respectively.It provides a strong guarantee for the reliable and efficient development of multi-type wind tunnel test tasks.
文摘BACKGROUND:Hemiplegia,a prevalent stroke-related condition,is often studied for motor dysfunction;however,spasticity remains under-researched.Abnormal muscle tone significantly hinders hemiplegic patients’walking recovery.OBJECTIVE:To determine whether early suspension-protected training with a personal assistant machine for stroke patients enhances walking ability and prevents muscle spasms.METHODS:Thirty-two early-stage stroke patients from Shenzhen University General Hospital and the China Rehabilitation Research Center were randomly assigned to the experimental group(n=16)and the control group(n=16).Both groups underwent 4 weeks of gait training under the suspension protection system for 30 minutes daily,5 days a week.The experimental group used the personal assistant machine during training.Three-dimensional gait analysis(using the Cortex motion capture system),Brunnstrom staging,Fugl-Meyer Assessment for lower limb motor function,Fugl-Meyer balance function,and the modified Ashworth Scale were evaluated within 1 week before the intervention and after 4 weeks of intervention.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After the 4-week intervention,all outcome measures showed significant changes in each group.The experimental group had a small but significant increase in the modified Ashworth Scale score(P<0.05,d=|0.15|),while the control group had a large significant increase(P<0.05,d=|1.48|).The experimental group demonstrated greater improvements in walking speed(16.5 to 38.44 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|4.01|),step frequency(46.44 to 64.94 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|2.32|),stride length(15.50 to 29.81 cm,P<0.05,d=|3.44|),and peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.82|to|2.17|).After treatment,the experimental group showed significantly greater improvements than the control group in walking speed(38.44 vs.26.63 cm/s,P<0.05,d=|2.75|),stride length,peak hip and knee flexion(d=|1.31|to|1.45|),step frequency(64.94 vs.59.38 steps/min,P<0.05,d=|0.85|),and a reduced support phase(bilateral:24.31%vs.28.38%,P<0.05,d=|0.88|;non-paretic:66.19%vs.70.13%,P<0.05,d=|0.94|).For early hemiplegia,personal assistant machine-assisted gait training under the suspension protection system helps establish a correct gait pattern,prevents muscle spasms,and improves motor function.
基金supported by Integrated Distribution Network Planning and Operational Enhancement Using Flexibility Domains Under Deep Human-Vehicle-Charger-Road-Grid Coupling(U22B20105).
文摘Thermal storage electric heating(TSEH),as a prevalent variable load resource,offers significant potential for enhancing system flexibility when aggregated into a cluster.To address the uncertainties of renewable energy and load forecasting in active distribution networks(ADN),this paper proposes a multi-timescale coordinated optimal dispatch strategy that incorporates TSEH clusters.It utilizes the thermal storage characteristics and short-term regulation capabilities of TSEH,along with the rapid and gradual response characteristics of resources in active distribution grids,to develop a coordinated optimization dispatch mechanism for day-ahead,intraday,and real-time stages.It provides a coordinated optimized dispatch technique across several timescales for active distribution grids,taking into account the integration of TSEH clusters.The proposed method is validated on a modified IEEE 33-node system.Simulation results demonstrate that the participation of TSEH in collaborative optimization significantly reduces the total system operating cost by 8.71%compared to the scenario without TSEH.This cost reduction is attributed to a 10.84%decrease in interaction costs with the main grid and a 47.41%reduction in network loss costs,validating effective peak shaving and valley filling.The multi-timescale framework further enhances economic efficiency,with overall operating costs progressively decreasing by 3.91%(intraday)and 4.59%(real-time),and interaction costs further reduced by 5.34%and 9.25%,respectively.Moreover,the approach enhances system stability by effectively suppressing node voltage fluctuations and ensuring all voltages remain within safe operating limits during real-time operation.Therefore,the proposed approach achieves rational coordination of diverse resources,significantly improving the economic efficiency and stability of ADNs.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City (No.19JCYBJC17000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.11905159)。
文摘A D-type photonic crystal fiber(PCF) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance(SPR) principle is designed.In order to excite the SPR effect,a gold film is plated on the open-loop channel of the sensor,the free electrons in a metal are resonated with photons.The structural parameters are fine-tuned and the sensing performance of the sensor is studied.The results show that the maximum spectral sensitivity reaches 18 000 nm/RIU in the refractive index range of 1.24—1.32,and the maximum resolution is 5.56×10^(-6) RIU.The novel structure with high sensitivity and low refractive index provides a new perspective for fluid density detection.
文摘我国地域辽阔,自然灾害频发,现有的灾后临时避难建筑虽然能够满足灾后快速安置灾民的需求,但普遍居住效果差,不利于人们身心健康,同时也对环境造成了严重影响。因此,发展具备良好性能的灾后临时避难建筑对于我国防范和应对重大自然灾害、确保灾后人民安置具有重要意义。基于绿色可持续的视角,在灾后临时避难建筑设计中引入主动式建筑理念,并以2023年Active House Award获奖作品为例,提出了涵盖生态保护、人文关怀和经济循环的三位一体多目标设计策略,为灾后临时避难建筑的设计与发展提出了更多可能性,也为决策者在灾后恢复重建工作提供了参考和借鉴。
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82350127 and No.82241013the Shanghai Natural Science Foundation,No.20ZR1411600+2 种基金the Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center,No.SHDC2020CR4039the Bethune Ethicon Excellent Surgery Foundation,No.CESS2021TC04Xuhui District Medical Research Project of Shanghai,No.SHXH201805.
文摘BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)superfamily plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis.Activin A receptor type 1C(ACVR1C)is a TGF-βtype I receptor that is involved in tumorigenesis through binding to dif-ferent ligands.AIM To evaluate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)of ACVR1C and susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)in Chinese Han population.METHODS In this hospital-based cohort study,1043 ESCC patients and 1143 healthy controls were enrolled.Five SNPs(rs4664229,rs4556933,rs77886248,rs77263459,rs6734630)of ACVR1C were assessed by the ligation detection reaction method.Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test,genetic model analysis,stratified analysis,linkage disequi-librium test,and haplotype analysis were conducted.RESULTS Participants carrying ACVR1C rs4556933 GA mutant had significantly decreased risk of ESCC,and those with rs77886248 TA mutant were related with higher risk,especially in older male smokers.In the haplotype analysis,ACVR1C Trs4664229Ars4556933Trs77886248Crs77263459Ars6734630 increased risk of ESCC,while Trs4664229Grs4556933Trs77886248Crs77263459Ars6734630 was associated with lower susceptibility to ESCC.CONCLUSION ACVR1C rs4556933 and rs77886248 SNPs were associated with the susceptibility to ESCC,which could provide a potential target for early diagnosis and treatment of ESCC in Chinese Han population.
基金Supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation Grant(No.7131007)
文摘AIM：To investigate the relationship between Creactive protein（CRP）and diabetic retinopathy（DR）in a cohort of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）.·METHODS：Community-based observational cohort study.There were 1131 participants recruited from November 2009 to September 2011 in Desheng community in urban Beijing.Patients diagnosed T2DM were recruited and underwent a standardized evaluation consisting of a questionnaire,ocular and anthropometric examinations and laboratory investigation.The presence and severity of DR were assessed by seven fields 30°color fundus photographs.Subjects were then classified into groups with no DR,any DR,or vision-threatening DR.CRP was analyzed from serum of study subjects.·RESULTS：A total of 1007 patients with T2DM were included for analysis,including 408（40.5%）men and 599（59.5%）women.The median CRP level was 1.5 mg/L for women and 1.1 mg/L for men（=0.004,OR 0.37,95%CI0.18-0.74）.After adjusting for possible covariates,higher levels of CRP were associated with lower prevalence of any DR（=0.02,OR 0.55,95%CI 0.35-0.89）,but not associated with vision-threatening DR（=0.62,OR 0.78,95%CI 0.28-2.14）.After stratification by sex,the inverse association between CRP and DR was found to be statistically significant in men（=0.006,OR 0.35,95%CI0.16-0.73）,but not in women（=0.58,OR 0.88,95%CI0.29-1.16）.·CONCLUSION：The data drawn from a Chinese population with T2DM suggest that increasing CRP levels may be inversely associated with development of DR.
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 ProgramGrant No.2013CB036101)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.50879098 and 51221961)Science and Technology Research Projects of Liaoning Provincial Education Department(Grant No.LS2010032)
文摘Physical model tests with highly reflective structures often encounter a problem of multiple reflections between the structures and the wavemaker. This paper presents a piston-type active absorbing wavemaker system which can absorb most of the reflections. Based on the first-order wavemaker theory, a frequency domain absorption transfer function is modeled. Its time realization can be achieved by designing an IIR digital filter, which is used to control the absorbing wavemaker system. In a real system, time delays often exist in the wave making process. Thus a delay compensation term to the transfer function is proposed. Experimental results show that the system performs well for both regular and irregular waves with periods from 0.6 s to 2.0 s, and the absorption capability is larger than 96.5% at target wave fields.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60978013)the Shanghai Rising Star Project,China (Grant No. 11QA1407400)
文摘We theoretically investigate the Doppler effect on optical bistability in an N-type active Raman gain atomic system inside an optical ring cavity. It is shown that the Doppler effect can greatly enhance the dispersion and thus create the bistable behaviour or greatly increase the bistable region, which has been known as the positive Doppler effect on optical bistability. In addition, we find that a positive Doppler effect can change optical bistability from the hybrid dispersion-gain type to a dispersive type.
文摘In this paper, by virtue of an inequality and sane analysis techniques, we prove sane convergence theorems cm the iterative process for nonlinear mappings of-pseudo contractive type in named linear spaces, which extend and improve the corresponding results obtained by others recently.
文摘Type 2 diabetes(T2D)is an insidious disease associated with neural and vascular complications,acceleration of cardiovascular disease,changes in heart function,and premature death.In the newly released article of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,Liang et al.1 describe results from the UK Biobank data showing the benefits of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity(MVPA)on reducing the risks for vascular events in 11,474 adults with T2D and prediabetes.
基金The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JD2423)。
文摘Pump valve pipeline vibration brings serious safety hazards to the operation of the equipment,for the pump valve system in the process of variable flow,variable speed,variable openings lead to excessive pipeline vibration.An active damping device(ADD)is used to the vibration of the pump valve pipeline system to apply the control force,to achieve the active control of the pipeline vibration.A pump-valve pipeline vibration test bench was built to compare the control effect of active damping device on pipeline vibration under different pump valve working conditions,and the results show that applying ADD control could effectively suppress the vibration of the pump valve pipeline and enhance the stability of the equipment during operation.At different pump operating rotation frequencies,the vibration amplitude of the pump valve pipeline in working frequency and its multiple frequencies are also effectively suppressed,with the maximum amplitude reduction of more than 60%.For the valve vibration caused by different operating openings,the vibration of the highest reduction of 68%,and the centrifugal pump drive shaft vi-bration reduced by up to 73%,which provides a new idea for vibration control of pump valve pipeline system.
