Manganese-oxidizing microbes are capable of oxidizing Mn(Ⅱ) to manganese oxides through direct enzymatic and indirect mechanisms.However,bacterial Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation in alkaline environment remains unclear.This study i...Manganese-oxidizing microbes are capable of oxidizing Mn(Ⅱ) to manganese oxides through direct enzymatic and indirect mechanisms.However,bacterial Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation in alkaline environment remains unclear.This study isolated an alkali-tolerant bacterium Pseudorhizobium flavum MXJ-1 from marine surface sediments that can oxidize Mn(Ⅱ) to biogenic manganese oxides(BioMnO_(x)).Characterization of BioMnO_(x) reveals that rod-shaped bacterial cells produce amorphous BioMnO_(x) containing mixed valences of Mn.The effects of different pH,carbon and nitrogen sources,metal ions on growth and Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation activity of strain MXJ-1 were investigated.Results elucidate that strain MXJ-1 adapts to a broad range of pH from 5.0 to 10.0,achieves a maximum Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation percentage of 69.41 %,but there is no significant correlation between biomass and Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation.Cu(Ⅱ) inhibited Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation at concentration as low as 20 μmol/L,and Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation decreased with Mn(Ⅱ) levels increasing to 500 μmol/L.Genomic analysis identified two genes encoding animal heme peroxidases(AHPs) and three encoding dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenases(DLDHs),highlighting the potential role of superoxide in Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation.Several alkali-tolerance genes,including those encoding Na+/H+ antiporter,were also identified,which probably associated with alkali-tolerance of MXJ-1.Superoxide detection by nitro blue tetrazolium(NBT) assay indicates it involved in Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation.This study isolated a Mn(Ⅱ)-oxidizing,alkali-tolerant bacterium,expanding insights into microbial Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation in extreme environments.展开更多
Exogenous organic input impacts soil phosphorus transformation.Meanwhile,dissolved organic matter(DOM)is crucial for biogeochemical functions.Nevertheless,the interaction between the structural composition of DOM and ...Exogenous organic input impacts soil phosphorus transformation.Meanwhile,dissolved organic matter(DOM)is crucial for biogeochemical functions.Nevertheless,the interaction between the structural composition of DOM and phosphorus during the soil formation process of phosphogypsum(PG)remains unknown.This study explores the interaction between the structural composition of DOM and phosphorus in enhanced PG under the participation of fungal microorganisms through different application amounts of exogenous organic matter and culture time.Results show that application of exogenous organic matter led to varying degrees of increase in dissolved organic carbon(DOC)concentration and humification extent in the soil-like substrate.Additionally,the relative abundance of protein-like component C3 exhibited a trend of initial increase followed by decline over time.The contents of available phosphorus(AP),microbial biomass phosphorus(MBP),and active phosphorus pools(Active-P)in the soil-like substrate are all enhanced overall.Furthermore,a significant correlation exists between DOC and AP as well as MBP.This suggests that DOM is a crucial factor in enhancing the phosphorus availability of the soil-like substrate.The enrichment of known phosphate-solubilizing fungi in culturing favors the decomposition,activation and utilization of hard-to-mineralize phosphorus components in the soil-like substrate.These findings help understand DOM’s biogeochemical behavior and offer insights into PG utilization and the sustainable development of China’s phosphorus industry.展开更多
A new type of asymmetric hydrogen atom abstraction catalysts,originated from the cinchona alkaloid family of natural products,has been successfully developed to access enantioselective epimerizations of meso-diols.Aft...A new type of asymmetric hydrogen atom abstraction catalysts,originated from the cinchona alkaloid family of natural products,has been successfully developed to access enantioselective epimerizations of meso-diols.After undergoing single-electron oxidation,the catalyst fulfills desymmetrization of meso-diols by selectively traping a hydrogen atom from a carbon center,which subsequently recaptures a hydrogen atom via abstraction from a thiol.The publication of this work will have a significant influence in the field of asymmetric radical chemistry.展开更多
International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials is dedicated to the publication and the dissemination of original research articles(and occasional invited reviews)in the fields of Minerals,Metallurgy and Ma...International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials is dedicated to the publication and the dissemination of original research articles(and occasional invited reviews)in the fields of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials.It is covered by EI Compendex,SCI Expanded,Chemical Abstract,etc.展开更多
The exponential growth of video content has driven significant advancements in video summarization techniques in recent years. Breakthroughs in deep learning have been particularly transformative, enabling more effect...The exponential growth of video content has driven significant advancements in video summarization techniques in recent years. Breakthroughs in deep learning have been particularly transformative, enabling more effective detection of key information and creating new possibilities for video synopsis. To summarize recent progress and accelerate research in this field,this paper provides a comprehensive review of deep learningbased video summarization methods developed over the past decade. We begin by examining the research landscape of video abstraction technologies and identifying core challenges in video summarization. Subsequently, we systematically analyze prevailing deep learning frameworks and methodologies employed in current video summarization systems, offering researchers a clear roadmap of the field's evolution. Unlike previous review works,we first classify research papers based on the structural hierarchy of the video(from frame-level to shot-level to video-level),then further categorize them according to the summary backbone model(feature extraction and spatiotemporal modeling).This approach provides a more systematic and hierarchical organization of the documents. Following this comprehensive review,we summarize the benchmark datasets and evaluation metrics commonly employed in the field. Finally, we analyze persistent challenges and propose insightful directions for future research,providing a forward-looking perspective on video summarization technologies. This systematic literature review is of great reference value to new researchers exploring the fields of deep learning and video summarization.展开更多
General Information Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences(JCPS)is a peer-reviewed bimonthly journal founded in 1992.JCPS has been indexed in the Core Journals of China's science and technology field.At presen...General Information Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences(JCPS)is a peer-reviewed bimonthly journal founded in 1992.JCPS has been indexed in the Core Journals of China's science and technology field.At present it has been included by Chemical Abstracts(CA),UIPD,Index of Copurnicus(IC),CABI,SCOPUS,JSTChina,DOAJ,EBSCO,CSTPCD,Chinese Science Citation Database(CSCD),the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and World Journal Clout Index(WJCI)Report.展开更多
The Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines(CJNM,ISSN 2095-6975),founded in 2003 and sponsored by China Pharmaceutical University,is a peer-reviewed journal published monthly in print by Science Press and online by Elsev...The Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines(CJNM,ISSN 2095-6975),founded in 2003 and sponsored by China Pharmaceutical University,is a peer-reviewed journal published monthly in print by Science Press and online by Elsevier.CJNM is currently indexed in Science Citation Index Expanded(SCIE),MEDLINE,BIOSIS Previews,BIOSIS Toxicology,CAB Abstracts.展开更多
In the context of modern software development characterized by increasing complexity and compressed development cycles,traditional static vulnerability detection methods face prominent challenges including high false ...In the context of modern software development characterized by increasing complexity and compressed development cycles,traditional static vulnerability detection methods face prominent challenges including high false positive rates and missed detections of complex logic due to their over-reliance on rule templates.This paper proposes a Syntax-Aware Hierarchical Attention Network(SAHAN)model,which achieves high-precision vulnerability detection through grammar-rule-driven multi-granularity code slicing and hierarchical semantic fusion mechanisms.The SAHAN model first generates Syntax Independent Units(SIUs),which slices the code based on Abstract Syntax Tree(AST)and predefined grammar rules,retaining vulnerability-sensitive contexts.Following this,through a hierarchical attention mechanism,the local syntax-aware layer encodes fine-grained patterns within SIUs,while the global semantic correlation layer captures vulnerability chains across SIUs,achieving synergistic modeling of syntax and semantics.Experiments show that on benchmark datasets like QEMU,SAHAN significantly improves detection performance by 4.8%to 13.1%on average compared to baseline models such as Devign and VulDeePecker.展开更多
Large language models(LLMs)show considerable potential to revolutionize healthcare through their performance across diverse clinical applications.Given the inherent constraints of LLMs and the critical nature of medic...Large language models(LLMs)show considerable potential to revolutionize healthcare through their performance across diverse clinical applications.Given the inherent constraints of LLMs and the critical nature of medical practice,a rigorous and systematic evaluation of their medical competence is imperative.This study presents a comprehensive review of the established methodologies and benchmarks for evaluating the medical competence of LLMs,encompassing a thorough analysis of current assessment practices across medical knowledge,clinical practice competence,and ethical-safety considerations.By integrating clinician competency assessment frameworks into LLMs evaluation,we propose a structured tri-dimensional framework that systematically organizes existing evaluation approaches according to medical theoretical knowledge,clinical practice ability,and ethical-safety considerations.Furthermore,this research provides critical insights into future developmental trajectories while establishing foundational frameworks and standardization protocols for the integration of LLMs into medical practice.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42277107)Liaoning Province Natural Science Foundation Joint Funds(Ph.D.Scientific Research Program)(No.2023-BSBA-024/DUT24BS004)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment,China,Harbin Institute of Technology(No.HC202330)。
文摘Manganese-oxidizing microbes are capable of oxidizing Mn(Ⅱ) to manganese oxides through direct enzymatic and indirect mechanisms.However,bacterial Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation in alkaline environment remains unclear.This study isolated an alkali-tolerant bacterium Pseudorhizobium flavum MXJ-1 from marine surface sediments that can oxidize Mn(Ⅱ) to biogenic manganese oxides(BioMnO_(x)).Characterization of BioMnO_(x) reveals that rod-shaped bacterial cells produce amorphous BioMnO_(x) containing mixed valences of Mn.The effects of different pH,carbon and nitrogen sources,metal ions on growth and Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation activity of strain MXJ-1 were investigated.Results elucidate that strain MXJ-1 adapts to a broad range of pH from 5.0 to 10.0,achieves a maximum Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation percentage of 69.41 %,but there is no significant correlation between biomass and Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation.Cu(Ⅱ) inhibited Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation at concentration as low as 20 μmol/L,and Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation decreased with Mn(Ⅱ) levels increasing to 500 μmol/L.Genomic analysis identified two genes encoding animal heme peroxidases(AHPs) and three encoding dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenases(DLDHs),highlighting the potential role of superoxide in Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation.Several alkali-tolerance genes,including those encoding Na+/H+ antiporter,were also identified,which probably associated with alkali-tolerance of MXJ-1.Superoxide detection by nitro blue tetrazolium(NBT) assay indicates it involved in Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation.This study isolated a Mn(Ⅱ)-oxidizing,alkali-tolerant bacterium,expanding insights into microbial Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation in extreme environments.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Major Program of Yunnan(No.202402AG0500103)the Industrial Innovation Talent Project of Yunnan(No.XDYC-CYCX-2023007)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3709100).
文摘Exogenous organic input impacts soil phosphorus transformation.Meanwhile,dissolved organic matter(DOM)is crucial for biogeochemical functions.Nevertheless,the interaction between the structural composition of DOM and phosphorus during the soil formation process of phosphogypsum(PG)remains unknown.This study explores the interaction between the structural composition of DOM and phosphorus in enhanced PG under the participation of fungal microorganisms through different application amounts of exogenous organic matter and culture time.Results show that application of exogenous organic matter led to varying degrees of increase in dissolved organic carbon(DOC)concentration and humification extent in the soil-like substrate.Additionally,the relative abundance of protein-like component C3 exhibited a trend of initial increase followed by decline over time.The contents of available phosphorus(AP),microbial biomass phosphorus(MBP),and active phosphorus pools(Active-P)in the soil-like substrate are all enhanced overall.Furthermore,a significant correlation exists between DOC and AP as well as MBP.This suggests that DOM is a crucial factor in enhancing the phosphorus availability of the soil-like substrate.The enrichment of known phosphate-solubilizing fungi in culturing favors the decomposition,activation and utilization of hard-to-mineralize phosphorus components in the soil-like substrate.These findings help understand DOM’s biogeochemical behavior and offer insights into PG utilization and the sustainable development of China’s phosphorus industry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22208302)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(LQ21B020006).
文摘A new type of asymmetric hydrogen atom abstraction catalysts,originated from the cinchona alkaloid family of natural products,has been successfully developed to access enantioselective epimerizations of meso-diols.After undergoing single-electron oxidation,the catalyst fulfills desymmetrization of meso-diols by selectively traping a hydrogen atom from a carbon center,which subsequently recaptures a hydrogen atom via abstraction from a thiol.The publication of this work will have a significant influence in the field of asymmetric radical chemistry.
文摘International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials is dedicated to the publication and the dissemination of original research articles(and occasional invited reviews)in the fields of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials.It is covered by EI Compendex,SCI Expanded,Chemical Abstract,etc.
基金supported by UKRI(EP/Z000025/1)Horizon Europe Programme under the MSCA grant for the ACMod project(101130271)。
文摘The exponential growth of video content has driven significant advancements in video summarization techniques in recent years. Breakthroughs in deep learning have been particularly transformative, enabling more effective detection of key information and creating new possibilities for video synopsis. To summarize recent progress and accelerate research in this field,this paper provides a comprehensive review of deep learningbased video summarization methods developed over the past decade. We begin by examining the research landscape of video abstraction technologies and identifying core challenges in video summarization. Subsequently, we systematically analyze prevailing deep learning frameworks and methodologies employed in current video summarization systems, offering researchers a clear roadmap of the field's evolution. Unlike previous review works,we first classify research papers based on the structural hierarchy of the video(from frame-level to shot-level to video-level),then further categorize them according to the summary backbone model(feature extraction and spatiotemporal modeling).This approach provides a more systematic and hierarchical organization of the documents. Following this comprehensive review,we summarize the benchmark datasets and evaluation metrics commonly employed in the field. Finally, we analyze persistent challenges and propose insightful directions for future research,providing a forward-looking perspective on video summarization technologies. This systematic literature review is of great reference value to new researchers exploring the fields of deep learning and video summarization.
文摘General Information Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences(JCPS)is a peer-reviewed bimonthly journal founded in 1992.JCPS has been indexed in the Core Journals of China's science and technology field.At present it has been included by Chemical Abstracts(CA),UIPD,Index of Copurnicus(IC),CABI,SCOPUS,JSTChina,DOAJ,EBSCO,CSTPCD,Chinese Science Citation Database(CSCD),the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and World Journal Clout Index(WJCI)Report.
文摘The Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines(CJNM,ISSN 2095-6975),founded in 2003 and sponsored by China Pharmaceutical University,is a peer-reviewed journal published monthly in print by Science Press and online by Elsevier.CJNM is currently indexed in Science Citation Index Expanded(SCIE),MEDLINE,BIOSIS Previews,BIOSIS Toxicology,CAB Abstracts.
基金supported by the research start-up funds for invited doctor of Lanzhou University of Technology under Grant 14/062402。
文摘In the context of modern software development characterized by increasing complexity and compressed development cycles,traditional static vulnerability detection methods face prominent challenges including high false positive rates and missed detections of complex logic due to their over-reliance on rule templates.This paper proposes a Syntax-Aware Hierarchical Attention Network(SAHAN)model,which achieves high-precision vulnerability detection through grammar-rule-driven multi-granularity code slicing and hierarchical semantic fusion mechanisms.The SAHAN model first generates Syntax Independent Units(SIUs),which slices the code based on Abstract Syntax Tree(AST)and predefined grammar rules,retaining vulnerability-sensitive contexts.Following this,through a hierarchical attention mechanism,the local syntax-aware layer encodes fine-grained patterns within SIUs,while the global semantic correlation layer captures vulnerability chains across SIUs,achieving synergistic modeling of syntax and semantics.Experiments show that on benchmark datasets like QEMU,SAHAN significantly improves detection performance by 4.8%to 13.1%on average compared to baseline models such as Devign and VulDeePecker.
基金Guangzhou Science and Technology Program,Grant/Award Numbers:2025B03J0110,2024A03J1074,2024A03J0927。
文摘Large language models(LLMs)show considerable potential to revolutionize healthcare through their performance across diverse clinical applications.Given the inherent constraints of LLMs and the critical nature of medical practice,a rigorous and systematic evaluation of their medical competence is imperative.This study presents a comprehensive review of the established methodologies and benchmarks for evaluating the medical competence of LLMs,encompassing a thorough analysis of current assessment practices across medical knowledge,clinical practice competence,and ethical-safety considerations.By integrating clinician competency assessment frameworks into LLMs evaluation,we propose a structured tri-dimensional framework that systematically organizes existing evaluation approaches according to medical theoretical knowledge,clinical practice ability,and ethical-safety considerations.Furthermore,this research provides critical insights into future developmental trajectories while establishing foundational frameworks and standardization protocols for the integration of LLMs into medical practice.
