In order to solve the heat damages in deep mines, a cool-wall cooling technology and its working model are proposed based on the principles of heat absorption and insulation in this paper. During this process, the dif...In order to solve the heat damages in deep mines, a cool-wall cooling technology and its working model are proposed based on the principles of heat absorption and insulation in this paper. During this process, the differential equation of thermal equilibrium for roadway control unit is built, and the heat adsorption control equation of cool-wall cooling system is derived by an integral method, so as to obtain the quantitative relationship among the heat absorption capacity of cooling system, the heat dissipating capacity of surrounding rock and air temperature change. Then, the heat absorption capacity required by air temperature less than the standard value for safety is figured out by section iterative method with the simultaneous solution of heat absorption control equation and the heat dissipation density equation of surrounding rock. Finally, the results show that as the air temperature at the inlet of roadway is 25 ℃, the roadway wall is covered by heat-absorbing plate up to 39% of the area, as well as the cold water is injected into the heat-absorbing plate with a temperature of 20 ℃ and a mass flow of 113.6 kg/s, the air flow temperature rise per kilometer in the roadway can be less than 3 ℃.展开更多
An experimental investigation was carried out to study the energy absorption characteristics of thin-walled square tubes subjected to dynamic crushing by impact loading to develop the optimum structural members. Here,...An experimental investigation was carried out to study the energy absorption characteristics of thin-walled square tubes subjected to dynamic crushing by impact loading to develop the optimum structural members. Here, the controller is introduced to improve and control the absorbed energy of thin-walled square tubes in this paper. When the controller were used, the experimental results of crushing of square tubes controlled by the controller＇s elements showed a good candidate for a controllable energy absorption capability in impact crushing.展开更多
We performed a meta-analysis to compare treatment with a combination of solifenacin plus tamsulosin oral controlled absorption system （TOCAS） with placebo or TOCAS monotherapy. The aim of the meta-analysis was to cl...We performed a meta-analysis to compare treatment with a combination of solifenacin plus tamsulosin oral controlled absorption system （TOCAS） with placebo or TOCAS monotherapy. The aim of the meta-analysis was to clarify the efficacy and safety of the combination treatments method for lower urinary tract symptoms （LUTS）. We searched for trials of men with LUTS that were randomized to combination treatment compared with TOCAS monotherapy or placebo. We pooled data from three placebo-controlled trials meeting inclusion criteria. Primary outcomes of interest included changes in International Prostate Symptom Score （IPSS） and urinary frequency. We also assessed postvoid residual, maximum urinary flow rate, incidence of urinary retention （UR）, adverse events. Data were pooled using random or fixed effect models for continuous outcomes and the ManteI-Haenszel method to generate risk ratio. Reductions in IPSS storage subscore and total urgency and frequency score （TUFS） were observed with solifenacin 6 mg plus TOCAS compared with placebo （P 〈 0.0001 and P 〈 0.0001, respectively）. Reductions in IPSS storage subscore and TUFS were observed with solifenacin 9 mg plus TOCAS compared with placebo （P= 0.003 and P = 0.0006, respectively）. Reductions in TUFS was observed with solifenacin 6 mg plus TOCAS compared with TOCAS （P = 0.01）. Both combination treatments were well tolerated, with low incidence of UR. Solifenacin 6 mg plus TOCAS significantly improved total IPSS, storage and voiding symptoms compared with placebo. Solifenacin 6 mg plus TOCAS also improved storage symptoms compared with TOCAS alone. There was no additional benefit of solifenacin 9 mg compared with 6 mg when used in combination with TOCAS.展开更多
We investigate the steady optical response of a coherently driven five-level M-type atomic system in three different situations. When all three coupling fields have the same zero detuning, we just find one deep transp...We investigate the steady optical response of a coherently driven five-level M-type atomic system in three different situations. When all three coupling fields have the same zero detuning, we just find one deep transparency window accompanied by a steep normal dispersion in the probe absorption and dispersion spectra. When two coupling fields are detuned from the relevant transitions to the same extent, however, a second deep transparency window may be observed in the presence of a narrow absorption line of linewidth - 50 kHz. In this case, two single-photon far-detuned transitions can be replaced by a two-photon resonant transition, so the five-level M system in fact reduces into a four-level quasi-A system. Finally, we note that no deep transparency windows and no narrow absorption lines can be found when all three coupling fields have unequal detunings.展开更多
Laser processing provides highly-controlled modification and on-demand fabrication of plasmon metal nanostructures for light absorption and photothermal convention.We present the laser-induced forward tansfer(LIFT)fab...Laser processing provides highly-controlled modification and on-demand fabrication of plasmon metal nanostructures for light absorption and photothermal convention.We present the laser-induced forward tansfer(LIFT)fabrication of silver nanomembranes in control of light absorption.By varying the hatch distance,different morphologies of randomly distributed plasmon silver nanostructures were produced,leading to well-controlled light absorption levels from 11%to 81%over broadband.The anti-reflection features were maintained below 17%.Equilibrated and plain absorptions were obtained throughout all absorption levels with a maximum intensity fluctuation of±8.5%for the 225μJ cases.The 45μJ pulse energy can offer a highly equilibrated absorption at a 60%absorption level with an intensity fluctuation of±1%.Pattern transfer was also achieved on a thin tape surface.The laser-transferred characters and patterns demonstrate a localized temperature rise.A rapid temperature rising of roughly 15℃can be achieved within 1 s.The LIFT process is highly efficiently fabricated with a typical speed value of 10^(3)to 10^(5)cm^(2)/h.The results indicated that LIFT is a well-controlled and efficient method for the production of optical films with specific absorption levels.展开更多
The present paper describes the ashing and atomization processes in silicon analysis by electrothermally atomised atomic absorption spectrometry(EAAAS) with an uncoat-ed graphite tube, a pyrolytically coated graphite ...The present paper describes the ashing and atomization processes in silicon analysis by electrothermally atomised atomic absorption spectrometry(EAAAS) with an uncoat-ed graphite tube, a pyrolytically coated graphite tube and a tungsten-coated graphitetube. The sensitivity and linear range of three graphite tubes were compared. By using optical temperature control accessory, the signals are enhanced by a factor of 2 and the germanium interferences in the determination of silicon are eliminated. The effects of time constant and carrier gas flow-rate on the determination of silicon were also tested. The sample can be directly analyzed in its aqueous solution without any pretreatment. The measurements of samples containing 0. 2 μg/mL and 0. 4 μg/mL silicon were run ten times and the variation coefficient is 4. 9% and 2.6%, respectively. The recovery tests for carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide(Ge-132) synthesized and imported were performed, and the recoveries are 97. 0% and 110%, respectively. Keywords Carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide, Electrothermally atomised atomic absorption spectrometry, Silicon展开更多
The effects of some key factors on nitrogen absorption during the smelting process of X70 pipeline steel were studied,and the source of nitrogen pick-up was analyzed to find the bottleneck for nitrogen control.A serie...The effects of some key factors on nitrogen absorption during the smelting process of X70 pipeline steel were studied,and the source of nitrogen pick-up was analyzed to find the bottleneck for nitrogen control.A series of measures were put forward to decrease the nitrogen pick-up.The results indicated that an exponential relationship existed between the nitrogen absorption index and the free oxygen in molten steel.Nitrogen absorption index could decrease below 0.3when free oxygen in molten steel was above 100×10^（-6） after tapping.For low sulfur killed steel,the nitrogen absorption ratio and sulfur content satisfied a linear relationship with a slope of-0.007.Low free-oxygen and sulfur were beneficial to the deep desulfurization during vacuum treatment.The contradiction of high desulfurization ratio and low nitrogen pick-up during LF process could be resolved by skimming oxidizing slag after tapping and making new high basicity top slag.After optimization,the average content of nitrogen in final product decreased from 46×10（-6）to 35×10（-6）.展开更多
基金Project(2018CXNL08) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China。
文摘In order to solve the heat damages in deep mines, a cool-wall cooling technology and its working model are proposed based on the principles of heat absorption and insulation in this paper. During this process, the differential equation of thermal equilibrium for roadway control unit is built, and the heat adsorption control equation of cool-wall cooling system is derived by an integral method, so as to obtain the quantitative relationship among the heat absorption capacity of cooling system, the heat dissipating capacity of surrounding rock and air temperature change. Then, the heat absorption capacity required by air temperature less than the standard value for safety is figured out by section iterative method with the simultaneous solution of heat absorption control equation and the heat dissipation density equation of surrounding rock. Finally, the results show that as the air temperature at the inlet of roadway is 25 ℃, the roadway wall is covered by heat-absorbing plate up to 39% of the area, as well as the cold water is injected into the heat-absorbing plate with a temperature of 20 ℃ and a mass flow of 113.6 kg/s, the air flow temperature rise per kilometer in the roadway can be less than 3 ℃.
文摘An experimental investigation was carried out to study the energy absorption characteristics of thin-walled square tubes subjected to dynamic crushing by impact loading to develop the optimum structural members. Here, the controller is introduced to improve and control the absorbed energy of thin-walled square tubes in this paper. When the controller were used, the experimental results of crushing of square tubes controlled by the controller＇s elements showed a good candidate for a controllable energy absorption capability in impact crushing.
文摘We performed a meta-analysis to compare treatment with a combination of solifenacin plus tamsulosin oral controlled absorption system （TOCAS） with placebo or TOCAS monotherapy. The aim of the meta-analysis was to clarify the efficacy and safety of the combination treatments method for lower urinary tract symptoms （LUTS）. We searched for trials of men with LUTS that were randomized to combination treatment compared with TOCAS monotherapy or placebo. We pooled data from three placebo-controlled trials meeting inclusion criteria. Primary outcomes of interest included changes in International Prostate Symptom Score （IPSS） and urinary frequency. We also assessed postvoid residual, maximum urinary flow rate, incidence of urinary retention （UR）, adverse events. Data were pooled using random or fixed effect models for continuous outcomes and the ManteI-Haenszel method to generate risk ratio. Reductions in IPSS storage subscore and total urgency and frequency score （TUFS） were observed with solifenacin 6 mg plus TOCAS compared with placebo （P 〈 0.0001 and P 〈 0.0001, respectively）. Reductions in IPSS storage subscore and TUFS were observed with solifenacin 9 mg plus TOCAS compared with placebo （P= 0.003 and P = 0.0006, respectively）. Reductions in TUFS was observed with solifenacin 6 mg plus TOCAS compared with TOCAS （P = 0.01）. Both combination treatments were well tolerated, with low incidence of UR. Solifenacin 6 mg plus TOCAS significantly improved total IPSS, storage and voiding symptoms compared with placebo. Solifenacin 6 mg plus TOCAS also improved storage symptoms compared with TOCAS alone. There was no additional benefit of solifenacin 9 mg compared with 6 mg when used in combination with TOCAS.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11174110)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CB921603)the Basic Scientific Research Foundation of Jilin University,China
文摘We investigate the steady optical response of a coherently driven five-level M-type atomic system in three different situations. When all three coupling fields have the same zero detuning, we just find one deep transparency window accompanied by a steep normal dispersion in the probe absorption and dispersion spectra. When two coupling fields are detuned from the relevant transitions to the same extent, however, a second deep transparency window may be observed in the presence of a narrow absorption line of linewidth - 50 kHz. In this case, two single-photon far-detuned transitions can be replaced by a two-photon resonant transition, so the five-level M system in fact reduces into a four-level quasi-A system. Finally, we note that no deep transparency windows and no narrow absorption lines can be found when all three coupling fields have unequal detunings.
基金Projects(61704090, 11904177) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(KFJJ20210205) supported by the National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of RF Integration and Micro-Assembly Technology,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,China。
文摘Laser processing provides highly-controlled modification and on-demand fabrication of plasmon metal nanostructures for light absorption and photothermal convention.We present the laser-induced forward tansfer(LIFT)fabrication of silver nanomembranes in control of light absorption.By varying the hatch distance,different morphologies of randomly distributed plasmon silver nanostructures were produced,leading to well-controlled light absorption levels from 11%to 81%over broadband.The anti-reflection features were maintained below 17%.Equilibrated and plain absorptions were obtained throughout all absorption levels with a maximum intensity fluctuation of±8.5%for the 225μJ cases.The 45μJ pulse energy can offer a highly equilibrated absorption at a 60%absorption level with an intensity fluctuation of±1%.Pattern transfer was also achieved on a thin tape surface.The laser-transferred characters and patterns demonstrate a localized temperature rise.A rapid temperature rising of roughly 15℃can be achieved within 1 s.The LIFT process is highly efficiently fabricated with a typical speed value of 10^(3)to 10^(5)cm^(2)/h.The results indicated that LIFT is a well-controlled and efficient method for the production of optical films with specific absorption levels.
文摘The present paper describes the ashing and atomization processes in silicon analysis by electrothermally atomised atomic absorption spectrometry(EAAAS) with an uncoat-ed graphite tube, a pyrolytically coated graphite tube and a tungsten-coated graphitetube. The sensitivity and linear range of three graphite tubes were compared. By using optical temperature control accessory, the signals are enhanced by a factor of 2 and the germanium interferences in the determination of silicon are eliminated. The effects of time constant and carrier gas flow-rate on the determination of silicon were also tested. The sample can be directly analyzed in its aqueous solution without any pretreatment. The measurements of samples containing 0. 2 μg/mL and 0. 4 μg/mL silicon were run ten times and the variation coefficient is 4. 9% and 2.6%, respectively. The recovery tests for carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide(Ge-132) synthesized and imported were performed, and the recoveries are 97. 0% and 110%, respectively. Keywords Carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide, Electrothermally atomised atomic absorption spectrometry, Silicon
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51404018)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(FRF-TP-14-125A2)State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy Foundation of China(KF13-09)
文摘The effects of some key factors on nitrogen absorption during the smelting process of X70 pipeline steel were studied,and the source of nitrogen pick-up was analyzed to find the bottleneck for nitrogen control.A series of measures were put forward to decrease the nitrogen pick-up.The results indicated that an exponential relationship existed between the nitrogen absorption index and the free oxygen in molten steel.Nitrogen absorption index could decrease below 0.3when free oxygen in molten steel was above 100×10^（-6） after tapping.For low sulfur killed steel,the nitrogen absorption ratio and sulfur content satisfied a linear relationship with a slope of-0.007.Low free-oxygen and sulfur were beneficial to the deep desulfurization during vacuum treatment.The contradiction of high desulfurization ratio and low nitrogen pick-up during LF process could be resolved by skimming oxidizing slag after tapping and making new high basicity top slag.After optimization,the average content of nitrogen in final product decreased from 46×10（-6）to 35×10（-6）.
