In today's world, the innovation of science and technology has become the key support for improving comprehensive national strength and changing the mode of social production and lifestyle. The country that posses...In today's world, the innovation of science and technology has become the key support for improving comprehensive national strength and changing the mode of social production and lifestyle. The country that possesses world-class scientific and technological innovation cities maximizes the attraction of global innovation factors and wins a strategic initiative in international competition. Based on the urban zip code geodatabase, an evaluation system of urban innovation with the perspective of innovation outputs, and the spatial evolutionary mode, concerning the structure of innovation space of Shanghai and Beijing from 1991 to 2014, was developed. The results of the research indicated that the zip code geodatabase provided a new perspective for studying the evolving spatial structure of urban innovation. The resulting evaluation of the spatial structure of urban innovation using the urban zip code geodatabase established by connecting random edge points, was relatively effective. The study illustrates the value of this methodology. During the study period, the spatial structure of innovation of Shanghai and Beijing demonstrated many common features: with the increase in urban space units participating in innovation year by year, the overall gap of regional innovation outputs has narrowed, and the trend towards spatial agglomeration has strengthened. The evolving spatial structure of innovation of Shanghai and Beijing demonstrated differences between the common features during the 25 years as well: in the trend towards the suburbanization of innovation resources, the spatial structure of innovation of Shanghai evolved from a single-core to a multi-core structure. A radiation effect related to traffic arteries as spatial diffusion corridors was prominent. Accordingly, a spatial correlation effect of its innovation outputs also indicated a hollowness in the city center; the spatial structure of innovation of Beijing had a single-core oriented structure all the way. Together with the tendency for innovation resources to be agglomerated in the city center, the spatial correlation effect of innovation outputs reflected the characteristics of the evolutionary feature where "rural area encircles cities". The innovation spatial structure of Shanghai and Beijing have intrinsic consistency with the spatial structure of their respective regions(Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region), which suggested that the principle of proportional and disproportional distribution of a city-scale pattern of technological and innovational activities is closely related to its regional innovation pattern.展开更多
Understanding the factors contributing to CO_(2)emissions is pivotal for informed policy-making and sustainable urban development.This study probes the interconnections between urban attributes,transportation patterns...Understanding the factors contributing to CO_(2)emissions is pivotal for informed policy-making and sustainable urban development.This study probes the interconnections between urban attributes,transportation patterns,and socioeconomic factors concerning CO_(2)emissions using Decision Tree analysis across a substantial dataset of US zip codes.The dataset was carefully prepared to ensure accuracy and relevance,considering temporal,geographical,and socioeconomic heterogeneity.The Decision Tree algorithm was applied iteratively to evaluate variable interactions and identify critical thresholds that influence carbon emissions.The findings of this study shed light on the key drivers of CO_(2)emissions across US zip codes.The analysis reveals significant variations in the relative importance of different factors in different regions,emphasizing the need for localized and tailored strategies to address carbon reduction targets effectively.The research provides a more holistic understanding that can drive effective urban planning and energy policies,ultimately contributing to the global effort to reduce carbon emissions and combat climate change.The findings from this research underscore the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in addressing environmental challenges and highlight the necessity for continuous innovation in analytical methodologies to keep pace with the evolving urban landscapes.展开更多
We propose a binarization method based pigment in the ZIP code of 24 bmp image simulation and digital identification by CCD sensors, were extracted the grid binary, image of zip code box and message of the two charact...We propose a binarization method based pigment in the ZIP code of 24 bmp image simulation and digital identification by CCD sensors, were extracted the grid binary, image of zip code box and message of the two characters binary image： analyze the image processing, which includes code frame edge detection and separation of the image binarization, denoising smoothing, tilt correction, the extraction code number, position, normalization processing, digital image thinning, character recognition feature extraction. Through testing, the recognition rate of this method can be over 90%. The recognition time of characters for character is less than 1.3 second, which means the method is of more effective recognition ability and can better satisfy the real system requirements.展开更多
We propose a binarization method based pigment in the ZIP code of 24 bmp image simulation and digital identification by CCD sensors, were extracted the grid binary image of zip code box and message of the two characte...We propose a binarization method based pigment in the ZIP code of 24 bmp image simulation and digital identification by CCD sensors, were extracted the grid binary image of zip code box and message of the two characters binary image; analyze the image processing, which includes code frame edge detection and separation of the image binarization, denoising smoothing, tilt correction, the extraction code number, position, normalization processing, digital image thinning, character recognition feature extraction. Through testing, the recognition rate of this method can be over 90%. The recognition time of characters for character is less than 1.3 second, which means the method is of more effective recognition ability and can better satisfy the real system requirements.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41471108,No.41501141
文摘In today's world, the innovation of science and technology has become the key support for improving comprehensive national strength and changing the mode of social production and lifestyle. The country that possesses world-class scientific and technological innovation cities maximizes the attraction of global innovation factors and wins a strategic initiative in international competition. Based on the urban zip code geodatabase, an evaluation system of urban innovation with the perspective of innovation outputs, and the spatial evolutionary mode, concerning the structure of innovation space of Shanghai and Beijing from 1991 to 2014, was developed. The results of the research indicated that the zip code geodatabase provided a new perspective for studying the evolving spatial structure of urban innovation. The resulting evaluation of the spatial structure of urban innovation using the urban zip code geodatabase established by connecting random edge points, was relatively effective. The study illustrates the value of this methodology. During the study period, the spatial structure of innovation of Shanghai and Beijing demonstrated many common features: with the increase in urban space units participating in innovation year by year, the overall gap of regional innovation outputs has narrowed, and the trend towards spatial agglomeration has strengthened. The evolving spatial structure of innovation of Shanghai and Beijing demonstrated differences between the common features during the 25 years as well: in the trend towards the suburbanization of innovation resources, the spatial structure of innovation of Shanghai evolved from a single-core to a multi-core structure. A radiation effect related to traffic arteries as spatial diffusion corridors was prominent. Accordingly, a spatial correlation effect of its innovation outputs also indicated a hollowness in the city center; the spatial structure of innovation of Beijing had a single-core oriented structure all the way. Together with the tendency for innovation resources to be agglomerated in the city center, the spatial correlation effect of innovation outputs reflected the characteristics of the evolutionary feature where "rural area encircles cities". The innovation spatial structure of Shanghai and Beijing have intrinsic consistency with the spatial structure of their respective regions(Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan region), which suggested that the principle of proportional and disproportional distribution of a city-scale pattern of technological and innovational activities is closely related to its regional innovation pattern.
文摘Understanding the factors contributing to CO_(2)emissions is pivotal for informed policy-making and sustainable urban development.This study probes the interconnections between urban attributes,transportation patterns,and socioeconomic factors concerning CO_(2)emissions using Decision Tree analysis across a substantial dataset of US zip codes.The dataset was carefully prepared to ensure accuracy and relevance,considering temporal,geographical,and socioeconomic heterogeneity.The Decision Tree algorithm was applied iteratively to evaluate variable interactions and identify critical thresholds that influence carbon emissions.The findings of this study shed light on the key drivers of CO_(2)emissions across US zip codes.The analysis reveals significant variations in the relative importance of different factors in different regions,emphasizing the need for localized and tailored strategies to address carbon reduction targets effectively.The research provides a more holistic understanding that can drive effective urban planning and energy policies,ultimately contributing to the global effort to reduce carbon emissions and combat climate change.The findings from this research underscore the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in addressing environmental challenges and highlight the necessity for continuous innovation in analytical methodologies to keep pace with the evolving urban landscapes.
文摘We propose a binarization method based pigment in the ZIP code of 24 bmp image simulation and digital identification by CCD sensors, were extracted the grid binary, image of zip code box and message of the two characters binary image： analyze the image processing, which includes code frame edge detection and separation of the image binarization, denoising smoothing, tilt correction, the extraction code number, position, normalization processing, digital image thinning, character recognition feature extraction. Through testing, the recognition rate of this method can be over 90%. The recognition time of characters for character is less than 1.3 second, which means the method is of more effective recognition ability and can better satisfy the real system requirements.
文摘We propose a binarization method based pigment in the ZIP code of 24 bmp image simulation and digital identification by CCD sensors, were extracted the grid binary image of zip code box and message of the two characters binary image; analyze the image processing, which includes code frame edge detection and separation of the image binarization, denoising smoothing, tilt correction, the extraction code number, position, normalization processing, digital image thinning, character recognition feature extraction. Through testing, the recognition rate of this method can be over 90%. The recognition time of characters for character is less than 1.3 second, which means the method is of more effective recognition ability and can better satisfy the real system requirements.
