Domain Generation Algorithms(DGAs)continue to pose a significant threat inmodernmalware infrastructures by enabling resilient and evasive communication with Command and Control(C&C)servers.Traditional detection me...Domain Generation Algorithms(DGAs)continue to pose a significant threat inmodernmalware infrastructures by enabling resilient and evasive communication with Command and Control(C&C)servers.Traditional detection methods-rooted in statistical heuristics,feature engineering,and shallow machine learning-struggle to adapt to the increasing sophistication,linguistic mimicry,and adversarial variability of DGA variants.The emergence of Large Language Models(LLMs)marks a transformative shift in this landscape.Leveraging deep contextual understanding,semantic generalization,and few-shot learning capabilities,LLMs such as BERT,GPT,and T5 have shown promising results in detecting both character-based and dictionary-based DGAs,including previously unseen(zeroday)variants.This paper provides a comprehensive and critical review of LLM-driven DGA detection,introducing a structured taxonomy of LLM architectures,evaluating the linguistic and behavioral properties of benchmark datasets,and comparing recent detection frameworks across accuracy,latency,robustness,and multilingual performance.We also highlight key limitations,including challenges in adversarial resilience,model interpretability,deployment scalability,and privacy risks.To address these gaps,we present a forward-looking research roadmap encompassing adversarial training,model compression,cross-lingual benchmarking,and real-time integration with SIEM/SOAR platforms.This survey aims to serve as a foundational resource for advancing the development of scalable,explainable,and operationally viable LLM-based DGA detection systems.展开更多
With the widespread adoption of hydraulic fracturing technology in oil and gas resource development,improving the accuracy and efficiency of fracturing simulations has become a critical research focus.This paper propo...With the widespread adoption of hydraulic fracturing technology in oil and gas resource development,improving the accuracy and efficiency of fracturing simulations has become a critical research focus.This paper proposes an improved fluid flow algorithm,aiming to enhance the computational efficiency of hydraulic fracturing simulations while ensuring computational accuracy.The algorithm optimizes the aperture law and iteration criteria,focusing on improving the domain volume and crack pressure update strategy,thereby enabling precise capture of dynamic borehole pressure variations during injection tests.The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified through three flow-solid coupling cases.The study also analyzes the effects of borehole size,domain volume,and crack pressure update strategy on fracturing behavior.Furthermore,the performance of the improved algorithm in terms of crack propagation rate,micro-crack formation,and fluid pressure distribution was further evaluated.The results indicate that while large-size boreholes delay crack initiation,the cracks propagate more rapidly once formed.Additionally,the optimized domain volume calculation and crack pressure update strategy significantly shorten the pressure propagation stage,promote crack propagation,and improve computational efficiency.展开更多
This paper presents a parallel two-level evolutionary algorithm based on domain decomposition for solving function optimization problem containing multiple solutions. By combining the characteristics of the global sea...This paper presents a parallel two-level evolutionary algorithm based on domain decomposition for solving function optimization problem containing multiple solutions. By combining the characteristics of the global search and local search in each sub-domain, the former enables individual to draw closer to each optima and keeps the diversity of individuals, while the latter selects local optimal solutions known as latent solutions in sub-domain. In the end, by selecting the global optimal solutions from latent solutions in each sub-domain, we can discover all the optimal solutions easily and quickly.展开更多
In this article, numerical modeling of borehole radar for well logging in time domain is developed using pseudo-spectral time domain algorithm in axisymmetric cylindrical coordinate for proximate true formation model....In this article, numerical modeling of borehole radar for well logging in time domain is developed using pseudo-spectral time domain algorithm in axisymmetric cylindrical coordinate for proximate true formation model. The conductivity and relative permittivity logging curves are obtained from the data of borehole radar for well logging. Since the relative permittivity logging curve is not affected by salinity of formation water, borehole radar for well logging has obvious advantages as compared with conventional electrical logging. The borehole radar for well logging is a one-transmitter and two-receiver logging tool. The conductivity and relative permittivity logging curves are obtained successfully by measuring the amplitude radio and the time difference of pulse waveform from two receivers. The calculated conductivity and relative permittivity logging curves are close to the true value of surrounding formation, which tests the usability and reliability of borehole radar for well logging. The numerical modeling of borehole radar for well logging laid the important foundation for researching its logging tool.展开更多
Immune evolutionary algorithms with domain knowledge were presented to solve the problem of simultaneous localization and mapping for a mobile robot in unknown environments. Two operators with domain knowledge were de...Immune evolutionary algorithms with domain knowledge were presented to solve the problem of simultaneous localization and mapping for a mobile robot in unknown environments. Two operators with domain knowledge were designed in algorithms, where the feature of parallel line segments without the problem of data association was used to construct a vaccination operator, and the characters of convex vertices in polygonal obstacle were extended to develop a pulling operator of key point grid. The experimental results of a real mobile robot show that the computational expensiveness of algorithms designed is less than other evolutionary algorithms for simultaneous localization and mapping and the maps obtained are very accurate. Because immune evolutionary algorithms with domain knowledge have some advantages, the convergence rate of designed algorithms is about 44% higher than those of other algorithms.展开更多
In this paper, an absorbing Fictitious Boundary Condition (FBC) is presented to generate an iterative Domain Decomposition Method (DDM) for analyzing waveguide problems.The relaxed algorithm is introduced to improve t...In this paper, an absorbing Fictitious Boundary Condition (FBC) is presented to generate an iterative Domain Decomposition Method (DDM) for analyzing waveguide problems.The relaxed algorithm is introduced to improve the iterative convergence. And the matrix equations are solved using the multifrontal algorithm. The resulting CPU time is greatly reduced.Finally, a number of numerical examples are given to illustrate its accuracy and efficiency.展开更多
A robust phase-only Direct Data Domain Least Squares (D3LS) algorithm based on gen- eralized Rayleigh quotient optimization using hybrid Genetic Algorithm (GA) is presented in this letter. The optimization efficiency ...A robust phase-only Direct Data Domain Least Squares (D3LS) algorithm based on gen- eralized Rayleigh quotient optimization using hybrid Genetic Algorithm (GA) is presented in this letter. The optimization efficiency and computational speed are improved via the hybrid GA com- posed of standard GA and Nelder-Mead simplex algorithms. First, the objective function, with a form of generalized Rayleigh quotient, is derived via the standard D3LS algorithm. It is then taken as a fitness function and the unknown phases of all adaptive weights are taken as decision variables. Then, the nonlinear optimization is performed via the hybrid GA to obtain the optimized solution of phase-only adaptive weights. As a phase-only adaptive algorithm, the proposed algorithm is sim- pler than conventional algorithms when it comes to hardware implementation. Moreover, it proc- esses only a single snapshot data as opposed to forming sample covariance matrix and operating matrix inversion. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has a good signal recovery and interferences nulling performance, which are superior to that of the phase-only D3LS algorithm based on standard GA.展开更多
Based on the full domain partition, a parallel finite element algorithm for the stationary Stokes equations is proposed and analyzed. In this algorithm, each subproblem is defined in the entire domain. Majority of the...Based on the full domain partition, a parallel finite element algorithm for the stationary Stokes equations is proposed and analyzed. In this algorithm, each subproblem is defined in the entire domain. Majority of the degrees of freedom are associated with the relevant subdomain. Therefore, it can be solved in parallel with other subproblems using an existing sequential solver without extensive recoding. This allows the algorithm to be implemented easily with low communication costs. Numerical results are given showing the high efficiency of the parallel algorithm.展开更多
Error analysis methods in frequency domain are developed in this paper for determining the characteristic root and transfer function errors when the linear multipass algorithms are used to solve linear differential eq...Error analysis methods in frequency domain are developed in this paper for determining the characteristic root and transfer function errors when the linear multipass algorithms are used to solve linear differential equations. The relation between the local truncation error in time domain and the error in frequency domain is established, which is the basis for developing the error estimation methods. The error estimation methods for the digital simulation model constructed by using the Runge-Kutta algorithms and the linear multistep predictor-corrector algorithms are also given.展开更多
A domain extension algorithm to correct the comparator offsets of pipeline analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is presented, in which the 1.5-bit/stage ADC quantify domain is extended from a three-domain to a five-dom...A domain extension algorithm to correct the comparator offsets of pipeline analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is presented, in which the 1.5-bit/stage ADC quantify domain is extended from a three-domain to a five-domain. This algorithm is designed for high speed and low comparator accuracy application. The comparator offset correction ability is improved. This new approach also promises significant improvements to the spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR), the total harmonic distortion (THD), the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the minor analog and digital circuit modifications. Behavioral simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm, in which all absolute values of comparator offsets are set to |3Vref/8|. SFDR, THD and SNR are improved, from 34.62-dB, 34.63-dB and 30.33-dB to 60.23-dB, 61.14-dB and 59.35-dB, respectively, for a 10-bit pipeline ADC.展开更多
The chirp sub-bottom profiler,for its high resolution,easy accessibility and cost-effectiveness,has been widely used in acoustic detection.In this paper,the acoustic impedance and grain size compositions were obtained...The chirp sub-bottom profiler,for its high resolution,easy accessibility and cost-effectiveness,has been widely used in acoustic detection.In this paper,the acoustic impedance and grain size compositions were obtained based on the chirp sub-bottom profiler data collected in the Chukchi Plateau area during the 11th Arctic Expedition of China.The time-domain adaptive search matching algorithm was used and validated on our established theoretical model.The misfit between the inversion result and the theoretical model is less than 0.067%.The grain size was calculated according to the empirical relationship between the acoustic impedance and the grain size of the sediment.The average acoustic impedance of sub-seafloor strata is 2.5026×10^(6) kg(s m^(2))^(-1)and the average grain size(θvalue)of the seafloor surface sediment is 7.1498,indicating the predominant occurrence of very fine silt sediment in the study area.Comparison of the inversion results and the laboratory measurements of nearby borehole samples shows that they are in general agreement.展开更多
Addressed is the calculation of millimeter wave attenuation on coplanar waveguide(CPW). A novel conformal wavelet finite-difference time-domain(CWFDTD) algorithm is proposed with emphasis on its application in calcula...Addressed is the calculation of millimeter wave attenuation on coplanar waveguide(CPW). A novel conformal wavelet finite-difference time-domain(CWFDTD) algorithm is proposed with emphasis on its application in calculation of millimeter wave attenuation on CPW, which is the combination of conformal algorithm dealing with the deformed cell with Wavelet-FDTD using multi-resolution analysis(MRA). Derived is the difference formulation for multi-resolution time domain(MRTD) based on Daubechies wavelets, and also given is the stability conditions for wavelet-FDTD algorithm. To validate its accuracy and efficiency, this novel method is applied to calculate the millimeter wave attenuation on lithium niobate CPW. Numerical results demonstrate that this new CWFDTD algorithm has the same accuracy with the conformal finite-difference time-domain(CFDTD) and conformal finite-difference time-domain based on alternating-direction implicit method(ADI-CFDTD), but saves computational time and computer memory.展开更多
Aiming at the problem of dynamic multicast service protection in multi-domain optical network, this paper proposes a dynamic multicast sharing protection algorithm based on fuzzy game in multi-domain optical network. ...Aiming at the problem of dynamic multicast service protection in multi-domain optical network, this paper proposes a dynamic multicast sharing protection algorithm based on fuzzy game in multi-domain optical network. The algorithm uses the minimum cost spanning tree strategy and fuzzy game theory. First, it virtualizes two planes to calculate the multicast tree and the multicast protection tree respectively. Then, it performs a fuzzy game to form a cooperative alliance to optimize the path composition of each multicast tree. Finally, it generates a pair of optimal multicast work tree and multicast protection tree for dynamic multicast services. The time complexity of the algorithm is O(k3 m2 n), where n represents the number of nodes in the networks, k represents the number of dynamic multicast requests, and m represents the number of destination nodes for each multicast request. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm reduces significantly the blocking rate of dynamic multicast services, and improves the utilization of optical network resources within a certain number of dynamic multicast request ranges.展开更多
Seismic anisotropy has been extensively acknowledged as a crucial element that influences the wave propagation characteristic during wavefield simulation,inversion and imaging.Transversely isotropy(TI)and orthorhombic...Seismic anisotropy has been extensively acknowledged as a crucial element that influences the wave propagation characteristic during wavefield simulation,inversion and imaging.Transversely isotropy(TI)and orthorhombic anisotropy(OA)are two typical categories of anisotropic media in exploration geophysics.In comparison of the elastic wave equations in both TI and OA media,pseudo-acoustic wave equations(PWEs)based on the acoustic assumption can markedly reduce computational cost and complexity.However,the presently available PWEs may experience SV-wave contamination and instability when anisotropic parameters cannot satisfy the approximated condition.Exploiting pure-mode wave equations can effectively resolve the above-mentioned issues and generate pure P-wave events without any artifacts.To further improve the computational accuracy and efficiency,we develop two novel pure qP-wave equations(PPEs)and illustrate the corresponding numerical solutions in the timespace domain for 3D tilted TI(TTI)and tilted OA(TOA)media.First,the rational polynomials are adopted to estimate the exact pure qP-wave dispersion relations,which contain complicated pseudo-differential operators with irrational forms.The polynomial coefficients are produced by applying a linear optimization algorithm to minimize the objective function difference between the expansion formula and the exact one.Then,the developed optimized PPEs are efficiently implemented using the finite-difference(FD)method in the time-space domain by introducing a scalar operator,which can help avoid the problem of spectral-based algorithms and other calculation burdens.Structures of the new equations are concise and corresponding implementation processes are straightforward.Phase velocity analyses indicate that our proposed optimized equations can lead to reliable approximation results.3D synthetic examples demonstrate that our proposed FD-based PPEs can produce accurate and stable P-wave responses,and effectively describe the wavefield features in complicated TTI and TOA media.展开更多
Traditional cameras inevitably suffer from motion blur when facing high-speed moving objects.Event cameras,as high temporal resolution bionic cameras,record intensity changes in an asynchronous manner,and their record...Traditional cameras inevitably suffer from motion blur when facing high-speed moving objects.Event cameras,as high temporal resolution bionic cameras,record intensity changes in an asynchronous manner,and their recorded high temporal resolution information can effectively solve the problem of time information loss in motion blur.Existing event-based deblurring methods still face challenges when facing high-speed moving objects.We conducted an in-depth study of the imaging principle of event cameras.We found that the event stream contains excessive noise.The valid information is sparse.Invalid event features hinder the expression of valid features due to the uncertainty of the global threshold.To address this problem,a denoising-based long and short-term memory module(DTM)is designed in this paper.The DTM suppressed the original event information by noise reduction process.Invalid features in the event stream and solves the problem of sparse valid information in the event stream,and it also combines with the long short-term memory module(LSTM),which further enhances the event feature information in the time scale.In addition,through the in-depth understanding of the unique characteristics of event features,it is found that the high-frequency information recorded by event features does not effectively guide the fusion feature deblurring process in the spatial-domain-based feature processing,and for this reason,we introduce the residual fast fourier transform module(RES-FFT)to further enhance the high-frequency characteristics of the fusion features by performing the feature extraction of the fusion features from the perspective of the frequency domain.Ultimately,our proposed event image fusion network based on event denoising and frequency domain feature enhancement(DNEFNET)achieved Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)/Structural Similarity Index Measure(SSIM)scores of 35.55/0.972 on the GoPro dataset and 38.27/0.975 on the REBlur dataset,achieving the state of the art(SOTA)effect.展开更多
Although full waveform inversion in the frequency domain can overcome the local minima problem in the time direction, such problem still exists in the space direction because of the media subsurface complexity. Based ...Although full waveform inversion in the frequency domain can overcome the local minima problem in the time direction, such problem still exists in the space direction because of the media subsurface complexity. Based on the optimal steep descent methods, we present an algorithm which combines the preconditioned bi-conjugated gradient stable method and the multi-grid method to compute the wave propagation and the gradient space. The multiple scale prosperity of the waveform inversion and the multi-grid method can overcome the inverse problems local minima defect and accelerate convergence. The local inhomogeneous three-hole model simulated results and the Marmousi model certify the algorithm effectiveness.展开更多
现代僵尸网络广泛采用域名生成算法(Domain Generation Algorithms,DGAs),以生成大量随机域名,用于隐蔽命令和控制(Command and Control,C&C)通信。近年来,研究人员提出了许多基于机器学习的方法以检测DGA域名。然而,这些方法难以...现代僵尸网络广泛采用域名生成算法(Domain Generation Algorithms,DGAs),以生成大量随机域名,用于隐蔽命令和控制(Command and Control,C&C)通信。近年来,研究人员提出了许多基于机器学习的方法以检测DGA域名。然而,这些方法难以有效应对对抗攻击。提出一种基于字符级替换的DGA(CLR-DGA),它通过一定条件下的字符替换,以良性域名为基础生成对抗性域名,不需要了解DGA检测器即可回避检测。实验采用5种深度学习分类器,对包括CLR-DGA的6种DGA域名测试分类效果。实验结果表明,CLR-DGA生成的域名最难被分类器检测。展开更多
基金the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through large group under grant number(GRP.2/663/46).
文摘Domain Generation Algorithms(DGAs)continue to pose a significant threat inmodernmalware infrastructures by enabling resilient and evasive communication with Command and Control(C&C)servers.Traditional detection methods-rooted in statistical heuristics,feature engineering,and shallow machine learning-struggle to adapt to the increasing sophistication,linguistic mimicry,and adversarial variability of DGA variants.The emergence of Large Language Models(LLMs)marks a transformative shift in this landscape.Leveraging deep contextual understanding,semantic generalization,and few-shot learning capabilities,LLMs such as BERT,GPT,and T5 have shown promising results in detecting both character-based and dictionary-based DGAs,including previously unseen(zeroday)variants.This paper provides a comprehensive and critical review of LLM-driven DGA detection,introducing a structured taxonomy of LLM architectures,evaluating the linguistic and behavioral properties of benchmark datasets,and comparing recent detection frameworks across accuracy,latency,robustness,and multilingual performance.We also highlight key limitations,including challenges in adversarial resilience,model interpretability,deployment scalability,and privacy risks.To address these gaps,we present a forward-looking research roadmap encompassing adversarial training,model compression,cross-lingual benchmarking,and real-time integration with SIEM/SOAR platforms.This survey aims to serve as a foundational resource for advancing the development of scalable,explainable,and operationally viable LLM-based DGA detection systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52164001,52064006,52004072 and 52364004)the Science and Technology Support Project of Guizhou(Nos.[2020]4Y044,[2021]N404 and[2021]N511)+1 种基金the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Foundation(No.GCC[2022]005-1),Talents of Guizhou University(No.201901)the Special Research Funds of Guizhou University(Nos.201903,202011,and 202012).
文摘With the widespread adoption of hydraulic fracturing technology in oil and gas resource development,improving the accuracy and efficiency of fracturing simulations has become a critical research focus.This paper proposes an improved fluid flow algorithm,aiming to enhance the computational efficiency of hydraulic fracturing simulations while ensuring computational accuracy.The algorithm optimizes the aperture law and iteration criteria,focusing on improving the domain volume and crack pressure update strategy,thereby enabling precise capture of dynamic borehole pressure variations during injection tests.The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified through three flow-solid coupling cases.The study also analyzes the effects of borehole size,domain volume,and crack pressure update strategy on fracturing behavior.Furthermore,the performance of the improved algorithm in terms of crack propagation rate,micro-crack formation,and fluid pressure distribution was further evaluated.The results indicate that while large-size boreholes delay crack initiation,the cracks propagate more rapidly once formed.Additionally,the optimized domain volume calculation and crack pressure update strategy significantly shorten the pressure propagation stage,promote crack propagation,and improve computational efficiency.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60133010,60073043,70071042)
文摘This paper presents a parallel two-level evolutionary algorithm based on domain decomposition for solving function optimization problem containing multiple solutions. By combining the characteristics of the global search and local search in each sub-domain, the former enables individual to draw closer to each optima and keeps the diversity of individuals, while the latter selects local optimal solutions known as latent solutions in sub-domain. In the end, by selecting the global optimal solutions from latent solutions in each sub-domain, we can discover all the optimal solutions easily and quickly.
基金supported by the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Geo-detection (China University of Geosciences,Beijing),Ministry of Education (No. GDL0805)
文摘In this article, numerical modeling of borehole radar for well logging in time domain is developed using pseudo-spectral time domain algorithm in axisymmetric cylindrical coordinate for proximate true formation model. The conductivity and relative permittivity logging curves are obtained from the data of borehole radar for well logging. Since the relative permittivity logging curve is not affected by salinity of formation water, borehole radar for well logging has obvious advantages as compared with conventional electrical logging. The borehole radar for well logging is a one-transmitter and two-receiver logging tool. The conductivity and relative permittivity logging curves are obtained successfully by measuring the amplitude radio and the time difference of pulse waveform from two receivers. The calculated conductivity and relative permittivity logging curves are close to the true value of surrounding formation, which tests the usability and reliability of borehole radar for well logging. The numerical modeling of borehole radar for well logging laid the important foundation for researching its logging tool.
基金Projects(60234030 60404021) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Immune evolutionary algorithms with domain knowledge were presented to solve the problem of simultaneous localization and mapping for a mobile robot in unknown environments. Two operators with domain knowledge were designed in algorithms, where the feature of parallel line segments without the problem of data association was used to construct a vaccination operator, and the characters of convex vertices in polygonal obstacle were extended to develop a pulling operator of key point grid. The experimental results of a real mobile robot show that the computational expensiveness of algorithms designed is less than other evolutionary algorithms for simultaneous localization and mapping and the maps obtained are very accurate. Because immune evolutionary algorithms with domain knowledge have some advantages, the convergence rate of designed algorithms is about 44% higher than those of other algorithms.
文摘In this paper, an absorbing Fictitious Boundary Condition (FBC) is presented to generate an iterative Domain Decomposition Method (DDM) for analyzing waveguide problems.The relaxed algorithm is introduced to improve the iterative convergence. And the matrix equations are solved using the multifrontal algorithm. The resulting CPU time is greatly reduced.Finally, a number of numerical examples are given to illustrate its accuracy and efficiency.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BK2004016).
文摘A robust phase-only Direct Data Domain Least Squares (D3LS) algorithm based on gen- eralized Rayleigh quotient optimization using hybrid Genetic Algorithm (GA) is presented in this letter. The optimization efficiency and computational speed are improved via the hybrid GA com- posed of standard GA and Nelder-Mead simplex algorithms. First, the objective function, with a form of generalized Rayleigh quotient, is derived via the standard D3LS algorithm. It is then taken as a fitness function and the unknown phases of all adaptive weights are taken as decision variables. Then, the nonlinear optimization is performed via the hybrid GA to obtain the optimized solution of phase-only adaptive weights. As a phase-only adaptive algorithm, the proposed algorithm is sim- pler than conventional algorithms when it comes to hardware implementation. Moreover, it proc- esses only a single snapshot data as opposed to forming sample covariance matrix and operating matrix inversion. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has a good signal recovery and interferences nulling performance, which are superior to that of the phase-only D3LS algorithm based on standard GA.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10971166)the National Basic Research Program (No.2005CB321703)the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province of China (No.[2008]2123)
文摘Based on the full domain partition, a parallel finite element algorithm for the stationary Stokes equations is proposed and analyzed. In this algorithm, each subproblem is defined in the entire domain. Majority of the degrees of freedom are associated with the relevant subdomain. Therefore, it can be solved in parallel with other subproblems using an existing sequential solver without extensive recoding. This allows the algorithm to be implemented easily with low communication costs. Numerical results are given showing the high efficiency of the parallel algorithm.
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 19871080).
文摘Error analysis methods in frequency domain are developed in this paper for determining the characteristic root and transfer function errors when the linear multipass algorithms are used to solve linear differential equations. The relation between the local truncation error in time domain and the error in frequency domain is established, which is the basis for developing the error estimation methods. The error estimation methods for the digital simulation model constructed by using the Runge-Kutta algorithms and the linear multistep predictor-corrector algorithms are also given.
文摘A domain extension algorithm to correct the comparator offsets of pipeline analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is presented, in which the 1.5-bit/stage ADC quantify domain is extended from a three-domain to a five-domain. This algorithm is designed for high speed and low comparator accuracy application. The comparator offset correction ability is improved. This new approach also promises significant improvements to the spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR), the total harmonic distortion (THD), the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the minor analog and digital circuit modifications. Behavioral simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm, in which all absolute values of comparator offsets are set to |3Vref/8|. SFDR, THD and SNR are improved, from 34.62-dB, 34.63-dB and 30.33-dB to 60.23-dB, 61.14-dB and 59.35-dB, respectively, for a 10-bit pipeline ADC.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2021YFC2801202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.42076224)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.202262012)。
文摘The chirp sub-bottom profiler,for its high resolution,easy accessibility and cost-effectiveness,has been widely used in acoustic detection.In this paper,the acoustic impedance and grain size compositions were obtained based on the chirp sub-bottom profiler data collected in the Chukchi Plateau area during the 11th Arctic Expedition of China.The time-domain adaptive search matching algorithm was used and validated on our established theoretical model.The misfit between the inversion result and the theoretical model is less than 0.067%.The grain size was calculated according to the empirical relationship between the acoustic impedance and the grain size of the sediment.The average acoustic impedance of sub-seafloor strata is 2.5026×10^(6) kg(s m^(2))^(-1)and the average grain size(θvalue)of the seafloor surface sediment is 7.1498,indicating the predominant occurrence of very fine silt sediment in the study area.Comparison of the inversion results and the laboratory measurements of nearby borehole samples shows that they are in general agreement.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2005ABA311)
文摘Addressed is the calculation of millimeter wave attenuation on coplanar waveguide(CPW). A novel conformal wavelet finite-difference time-domain(CWFDTD) algorithm is proposed with emphasis on its application in calculation of millimeter wave attenuation on CPW, which is the combination of conformal algorithm dealing with the deformed cell with Wavelet-FDTD using multi-resolution analysis(MRA). Derived is the difference formulation for multi-resolution time domain(MRTD) based on Daubechies wavelets, and also given is the stability conditions for wavelet-FDTD algorithm. To validate its accuracy and efficiency, this novel method is applied to calculate the millimeter wave attenuation on lithium niobate CPW. Numerical results demonstrate that this new CWFDTD algorithm has the same accuracy with the conformal finite-difference time-domain(CFDTD) and conformal finite-difference time-domain based on alternating-direction implicit method(ADI-CFDTD), but saves computational time and computer memory.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61402529)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shanxi Province of China (No.2020JM-361)+1 种基金the Young and Middle-aged Scientific Research Backbone Projects of Engineering University of PAP (No.KYGG201905)the Basic Researchof Engineering University of PAP (Nos.WJY201920 and WJY202019)。
文摘Aiming at the problem of dynamic multicast service protection in multi-domain optical network, this paper proposes a dynamic multicast sharing protection algorithm based on fuzzy game in multi-domain optical network. The algorithm uses the minimum cost spanning tree strategy and fuzzy game theory. First, it virtualizes two planes to calculate the multicast tree and the multicast protection tree respectively. Then, it performs a fuzzy game to form a cooperative alliance to optimize the path composition of each multicast tree. Finally, it generates a pair of optimal multicast work tree and multicast protection tree for dynamic multicast services. The time complexity of the algorithm is O(k3 m2 n), where n represents the number of nodes in the networks, k represents the number of dynamic multicast requests, and m represents the number of destination nodes for each multicast request. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm reduces significantly the blocking rate of dynamic multicast services, and improves the utilization of optical network resources within a certain number of dynamic multicast request ranges.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA0716902)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under contract number 42374149 and 42004119National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD1002907)。
文摘Seismic anisotropy has been extensively acknowledged as a crucial element that influences the wave propagation characteristic during wavefield simulation,inversion and imaging.Transversely isotropy(TI)and orthorhombic anisotropy(OA)are two typical categories of anisotropic media in exploration geophysics.In comparison of the elastic wave equations in both TI and OA media,pseudo-acoustic wave equations(PWEs)based on the acoustic assumption can markedly reduce computational cost and complexity.However,the presently available PWEs may experience SV-wave contamination and instability when anisotropic parameters cannot satisfy the approximated condition.Exploiting pure-mode wave equations can effectively resolve the above-mentioned issues and generate pure P-wave events without any artifacts.To further improve the computational accuracy and efficiency,we develop two novel pure qP-wave equations(PPEs)and illustrate the corresponding numerical solutions in the timespace domain for 3D tilted TI(TTI)and tilted OA(TOA)media.First,the rational polynomials are adopted to estimate the exact pure qP-wave dispersion relations,which contain complicated pseudo-differential operators with irrational forms.The polynomial coefficients are produced by applying a linear optimization algorithm to minimize the objective function difference between the expansion formula and the exact one.Then,the developed optimized PPEs are efficiently implemented using the finite-difference(FD)method in the time-space domain by introducing a scalar operator,which can help avoid the problem of spectral-based algorithms and other calculation burdens.Structures of the new equations are concise and corresponding implementation processes are straightforward.Phase velocity analyses indicate that our proposed optimized equations can lead to reliable approximation results.3D synthetic examples demonstrate that our proposed FD-based PPEs can produce accurate and stable P-wave responses,and effectively describe the wavefield features in complicated TTI and TOA media.
文摘Traditional cameras inevitably suffer from motion blur when facing high-speed moving objects.Event cameras,as high temporal resolution bionic cameras,record intensity changes in an asynchronous manner,and their recorded high temporal resolution information can effectively solve the problem of time information loss in motion blur.Existing event-based deblurring methods still face challenges when facing high-speed moving objects.We conducted an in-depth study of the imaging principle of event cameras.We found that the event stream contains excessive noise.The valid information is sparse.Invalid event features hinder the expression of valid features due to the uncertainty of the global threshold.To address this problem,a denoising-based long and short-term memory module(DTM)is designed in this paper.The DTM suppressed the original event information by noise reduction process.Invalid features in the event stream and solves the problem of sparse valid information in the event stream,and it also combines with the long short-term memory module(LSTM),which further enhances the event feature information in the time scale.In addition,through the in-depth understanding of the unique characteristics of event features,it is found that the high-frequency information recorded by event features does not effectively guide the fusion feature deblurring process in the spatial-domain-based feature processing,and for this reason,we introduce the residual fast fourier transform module(RES-FFT)to further enhance the high-frequency characteristics of the fusion features by performing the feature extraction of the fusion features from the perspective of the frequency domain.Ultimately,our proposed event image fusion network based on event denoising and frequency domain feature enhancement(DNEFNET)achieved Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)/Structural Similarity Index Measure(SSIM)scores of 35.55/0.972 on the GoPro dataset and 38.27/0.975 on the REBlur dataset,achieving the state of the art(SOTA)effect.
基金supported by the China State Key Science and Technology Project on Marine Carbonate Reservoir Characterization (No. 2011ZX05004-003)the Basic Research Programs of CNPC during the 12th Five-Year Plan Period (NO.2011A-3603)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41104066)the RIPED Young Professional Innovation Fund (NO.2010-13-16-02, 2010-A-26-02)
文摘Although full waveform inversion in the frequency domain can overcome the local minima problem in the time direction, such problem still exists in the space direction because of the media subsurface complexity. Based on the optimal steep descent methods, we present an algorithm which combines the preconditioned bi-conjugated gradient stable method and the multi-grid method to compute the wave propagation and the gradient space. The multiple scale prosperity of the waveform inversion and the multi-grid method can overcome the inverse problems local minima defect and accelerate convergence. The local inhomogeneous three-hole model simulated results and the Marmousi model certify the algorithm effectiveness.
文摘现代僵尸网络广泛采用域名生成算法(Domain Generation Algorithms,DGAs),以生成大量随机域名,用于隐蔽命令和控制(Command and Control,C&C)通信。近年来,研究人员提出了许多基于机器学习的方法以检测DGA域名。然而,这些方法难以有效应对对抗攻击。提出一种基于字符级替换的DGA(CLR-DGA),它通过一定条件下的字符替换,以良性域名为基础生成对抗性域名,不需要了解DGA检测器即可回避检测。实验采用5种深度学习分类器,对包括CLR-DGA的6种DGA域名测试分类效果。实验结果表明,CLR-DGA生成的域名最难被分类器检测。
文摘在陆地与水域共存的复杂环境中,水陆两栖无人车(amphibious unmanned ground vehicle,A-UGV)跨域(即在水域与陆地之间的路径转换)三维路径规划是一项具有挑战性的任务。为应对这一挑战,提出一种基于地形信息优化启发函数的改进A^(*)算法,并结合最佳下水上岸点检测进行全局路径规划的方法(improved A^(*)path planning with optimal launch and ashore point detection,IA^(*)OLAPD)。对水陆环境进行地图构建,通过动态体素网格对环境点云数据进行分割和评估,将水域和陆地进行区分,并根据地形信息生成2D占用栅格地图、2.5D数字高程图及通行性地图。在路径规划阶段,将2.5D地图的多层地形信息转化为动态权重因子,优化A^(*)算法的启发函数,以增强复杂地形的适应性。在A-UGV跨越陆地和水域的过程中,算法结合路径长度、路径粗糙度、坡度、高程差和下水上岸点处的地形信息等因素,确定最佳的跨域过渡点,从而最小化整体路径代价和风险系数,实现陆地和水域之间的安全高效跨域过渡。仿真实验结果表明,IA^(*)OLAPD算法在水陆两栖跨域路径规划的安全性、稳定性和路径选择合理性方面具有显著优势。
