【莫尔泰克斯能源加拿大公司网站2024年1月11日报道】2024年1月11日,莫尔泰克斯能源加拿大公司(Moltex Energy Canada)宣布其名为WATSS的乏燃料循环工艺已在加拿大获得专利授权。这一工艺可用于处理任何氧化铀乏燃料,有三种产物。主要...【莫尔泰克斯能源加拿大公司网站2024年1月11日报道】2024年1月11日,莫尔泰克斯能源加拿大公司(Moltex Energy Canada)宣布其名为WATSS的乏燃料循环工艺已在加拿大获得专利授权。这一工艺可用于处理任何氧化铀乏燃料,有三种产物。主要产物是由超铀元素、铀和裂变产物构成的盐,这种盐可用于制造熔盐堆燃料。另外两种产物分别是铀和少量裂变产物。展开更多
The foliar retention, absorption, translocation, and diffusion of glyphosate in glyphosate resistant-(R) and susceptible (S)-Palmer amaranth populations from seed collected in Georgia in 2007 were examined. The R popu...The foliar retention, absorption, translocation, and diffusion of glyphosate in glyphosate resistant-(R) and susceptible (S)-Palmer amaranth populations from seed collected in Georgia in 2007 were examined. The R population of Palmer amaranth had an elevated copy number of the EPSPS gene conferring the mechanism of resistance. When applications of 14C-glyphosate to a single leaf followed entire plant treatment with glyphosate, the distribution percentages were similar for R and S for the above and below treated leaves when harvested at 1, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after treatment (HAT). There were initially no differences between R and S at 1 HAT with an average of 8% absorption for both biotypes. However, data indicated that glyphosate absorption increased for R-Palmer amaranth reaching 41% within 6 HAT and was significantly different (P = 0.01) from the 28% absorbed by S-Palmer amaranth. Glyphosate resistant and susceptible Palmer amaranth averaged 44% 14C-glyphosate absorption by 24 HAT. There were no differences for 14C-glyphosate Bq/mg of plant tissue between R and S for the above the treated leaf and below the treated leaf portions of plants at 1, 6, 12, 24, or 48 HAT. However, root accumulation of 14C-glyphosate in plant tissue was significantly greater by 12 HAT for the roots of R (1.21 Bq/mg) than for S (0.51 Bq/mg). The treated leaf of the R-Palmer amaranth plants exhibited greater translocation of 14C-glyphosate in Bq/mg of tissue than the susceptible over time, indicating no detrimental effect or cost of fitness due to EPSPS gene amplification. Additionally, there were no differences in glyphosate retention in leaf discs assays between R and S biotypes. In spite of an average of 6.5 Bq efflux out of R and S leaf discs after 15 minute, only 0.4 Bq was retained after 150 minutes. Glyphosate was not retained over time in the leaf discs for R and S, and there were no biotype differences within bathing times. However, the rate of efflux (the slope of the curves) was greater for the R biotype. These data support the reported gene amplification non-target site glyphosate resistance mechanism in Palmer amaranth.展开更多
为探究WALLS ARE THIN(WAT1)在木本植物中木材形成以及响应胁迫中的作用,利用生物信息学工具进行分析,并以巨桉(Eucalyptus grandis)为材料克隆EgrWAT1S及其另一转录本EgrWAT1L,通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)探究其在不同组织、节间以...为探究WALLS ARE THIN(WAT1)在木本植物中木材形成以及响应胁迫中的作用,利用生物信息学工具进行分析,并以巨桉(Eucalyptus grandis)为材料克隆EgrWAT1S及其另一转录本EgrWAT1L,通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)探究其在不同组织、节间以及响应胁迫时的表达模式。结果表明:EgrWAT1S在韧皮部表达量较高,而EgrWAT1L主要表达在根部。在茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)、水杨酸(SA)处理和盐胁迫以及缺磷、缺硼处理时,其表达存在着明显不同的模式,在MeJA、SA处理时甚至存在着相反的表达模式。这些结果表明EgrWAT1L基因可能通过转录调控来影响EgrWAT1S表达和进一步的蛋白翻译来响应激素和胁迫处理。为进一步研究WAT1基因在巨桉生长发育过程中的作用和调控方式提供基础,也为将来桉树的分子育种提供可能。展开更多
The ameliorative effect of fulvic acid(0, 300, and 600 mg L-1) on photosystem II and antioxidant enzyme activity of the rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) plant under water stress(60, 100, and 140 mm evaporation from class A...The ameliorative effect of fulvic acid(0, 300, and 600 mg L-1) on photosystem II and antioxidant enzyme activity of the rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) plant under water stress(60, 100, and 140 mm evaporation from class A pan) was studied using split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results indicated that application of fulvic acid(FA) improved the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII(Fv/Fm)and performance index(PI) of plants under both well-watered and limited-water conditions. The time span from Foto Fmand the energy necessary for the closure of all reaction centers was significantly increased, but the size of the plastoquinone pool was reduced with increasing water stress levels. Plants treated with FA had higher peroxidase and catalase activities under all irrigation conditions. Activities of ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in plants increased with increasing water stress. Malondialdehyde increased under severe water stress, but application of FA significantly decreased lipid peroxidation. Production of reactive oxygen species(ROS) is a common phenomenon in plants under stress. Under this condition, the balance between the production of ROS and the quenching activity of antioxidants is upset, often resulting in oxidative damage. In this study, application of FA significantly increased fluorescence of chlorophyll a, inhibiting ROS production and enhancing antioxidant enzymes activity that destroyed ROS. Thus, ROS in plant cells was reduced under water stress by application of FA and consequently lipid peroxidation was reduced.展开更多
Activating transcription factor 4 （ATF4） has been shown to play key roles in many physiological processes. There are no reports, however, demonstrating a direct link between ATF4 and lipid metabolism. We noticed tha...Activating transcription factor 4 （ATF4） has been shown to play key roles in many physiological processes. There are no reports, however, demonstrating a direct link between ATF4 and lipid metabolism. We noticed that Atf4- deficient mice are lean, suggesting a possible role for ATF4 in regulating lipid metabolism. The goal of our current study is to investigate the involvement of ATF4 in lipid metabolism and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Studies using Atf4-deficient mice revealed increased energy expenditure, as measured by oxygen consumption. These mice also showed increases in lipolysis, expression of uncoupling protein 2 （UCP2） and p-oxidation genes and decreases in expression of lipogenic genes in white adipose tissue （WAT）, suggesting increased utilization and decreased synthesis of fatty acids, respectively. Expression of UCP1, 2 and 3 was also increased in brown adipose tissue （BAT）, suggesting increased thermogenesis. The effect of ATF4 deletion on expression of UCPs in BAT suggests that increased thermogenesis may underlie increased energy expenditure. Thus, our study identifies a possible new function for ATF4 in regulating lipid metabolism and thermogenesis.展开更多
文摘【莫尔泰克斯能源加拿大公司网站2024年1月11日报道】2024年1月11日,莫尔泰克斯能源加拿大公司(Moltex Energy Canada)宣布其名为WATSS的乏燃料循环工艺已在加拿大获得专利授权。这一工艺可用于处理任何氧化铀乏燃料,有三种产物。主要产物是由超铀元素、铀和裂变产物构成的盐,这种盐可用于制造熔盐堆燃料。另外两种产物分别是铀和少量裂变产物。
文摘The foliar retention, absorption, translocation, and diffusion of glyphosate in glyphosate resistant-(R) and susceptible (S)-Palmer amaranth populations from seed collected in Georgia in 2007 were examined. The R population of Palmer amaranth had an elevated copy number of the EPSPS gene conferring the mechanism of resistance. When applications of 14C-glyphosate to a single leaf followed entire plant treatment with glyphosate, the distribution percentages were similar for R and S for the above and below treated leaves when harvested at 1, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after treatment (HAT). There were initially no differences between R and S at 1 HAT with an average of 8% absorption for both biotypes. However, data indicated that glyphosate absorption increased for R-Palmer amaranth reaching 41% within 6 HAT and was significantly different (P = 0.01) from the 28% absorbed by S-Palmer amaranth. Glyphosate resistant and susceptible Palmer amaranth averaged 44% 14C-glyphosate absorption by 24 HAT. There were no differences for 14C-glyphosate Bq/mg of plant tissue between R and S for the above the treated leaf and below the treated leaf portions of plants at 1, 6, 12, 24, or 48 HAT. However, root accumulation of 14C-glyphosate in plant tissue was significantly greater by 12 HAT for the roots of R (1.21 Bq/mg) than for S (0.51 Bq/mg). The treated leaf of the R-Palmer amaranth plants exhibited greater translocation of 14C-glyphosate in Bq/mg of tissue than the susceptible over time, indicating no detrimental effect or cost of fitness due to EPSPS gene amplification. Additionally, there were no differences in glyphosate retention in leaf discs assays between R and S biotypes. In spite of an average of 6.5 Bq efflux out of R and S leaf discs after 15 minute, only 0.4 Bq was retained after 150 minutes. Glyphosate was not retained over time in the leaf discs for R and S, and there were no biotype differences within bathing times. However, the rate of efflux (the slope of the curves) was greater for the R biotype. These data support the reported gene amplification non-target site glyphosate resistance mechanism in Palmer amaranth.
文摘为探究WALLS ARE THIN(WAT1)在木本植物中木材形成以及响应胁迫中的作用,利用生物信息学工具进行分析,并以巨桉(Eucalyptus grandis)为材料克隆EgrWAT1S及其另一转录本EgrWAT1L,通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)探究其在不同组织、节间以及响应胁迫时的表达模式。结果表明:EgrWAT1S在韧皮部表达量较高,而EgrWAT1L主要表达在根部。在茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)、水杨酸(SA)处理和盐胁迫以及缺磷、缺硼处理时,其表达存在着明显不同的模式,在MeJA、SA处理时甚至存在着相反的表达模式。这些结果表明EgrWAT1L基因可能通过转录调控来影响EgrWAT1S表达和进一步的蛋白翻译来响应激素和胁迫处理。为进一步研究WAT1基因在巨桉生长发育过程中的作用和调控方式提供基础,也为将来桉树的分子育种提供可能。
文摘The ameliorative effect of fulvic acid(0, 300, and 600 mg L-1) on photosystem II and antioxidant enzyme activity of the rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) plant under water stress(60, 100, and 140 mm evaporation from class A pan) was studied using split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results indicated that application of fulvic acid(FA) improved the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII(Fv/Fm)and performance index(PI) of plants under both well-watered and limited-water conditions. The time span from Foto Fmand the energy necessary for the closure of all reaction centers was significantly increased, but the size of the plastoquinone pool was reduced with increasing water stress levels. Plants treated with FA had higher peroxidase and catalase activities under all irrigation conditions. Activities of ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in plants increased with increasing water stress. Malondialdehyde increased under severe water stress, but application of FA significantly decreased lipid peroxidation. Production of reactive oxygen species(ROS) is a common phenomenon in plants under stress. Under this condition, the balance between the production of ROS and the quenching activity of antioxidants is upset, often resulting in oxidative damage. In this study, application of FA significantly increased fluorescence of chlorophyll a, inhibiting ROS production and enhancing antioxidant enzymes activity that destroyed ROS. Thus, ROS in plant cells was reduced under water stress by application of FA and consequently lipid peroxidation was reduced.
文摘Activating transcription factor 4 （ATF4） has been shown to play key roles in many physiological processes. There are no reports, however, demonstrating a direct link between ATF4 and lipid metabolism. We noticed that Atf4- deficient mice are lean, suggesting a possible role for ATF4 in regulating lipid metabolism. The goal of our current study is to investigate the involvement of ATF4 in lipid metabolism and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Studies using Atf4-deficient mice revealed increased energy expenditure, as measured by oxygen consumption. These mice also showed increases in lipolysis, expression of uncoupling protein 2 （UCP2） and p-oxidation genes and decreases in expression of lipogenic genes in white adipose tissue （WAT）, suggesting increased utilization and decreased synthesis of fatty acids, respectively. Expression of UCP1, 2 and 3 was also increased in brown adipose tissue （BAT）, suggesting increased thermogenesis. The effect of ATF4 deletion on expression of UCPs in BAT suggests that increased thermogenesis may underlie increased energy expenditure. Thus, our study identifies a possible new function for ATF4 in regulating lipid metabolism and thermogenesis.
