The vaginal microbiome plays a pivotal role in maintaining vaginal health and protecting the host from various diseases.There is a broad agreement within the scientific community that the vaginal microbiome exhibits s...The vaginal microbiome plays a pivotal role in maintaining vaginal health and protecting the host from various diseases.There is a broad agreement within the scientific community that the vaginal microbiome exhibits stable bacterial diversity,influenced by age and gonadal hormone levels,and is classified into distinct Community-State Types.A healthy vaginal microbiome is typically characterized by a predominance of Lactobacillus spp.,which acidifies the vaginal environment and is essential in defending against invading microbial pathogens.This review examines the evolution of the vaginal microbiome’s composition throughout a woman’s life.It also explores how exogenous factors influence the homeostasis of this microbiome,leading to either a state of eubiosis or dysbiosis.The main factors supporting eubiosis of the vaginal microbiome include diet,probiotic intake,certain personal hygiene practices,and hormonal contraceptives,while the major contributors to dysbiosis are psychosocial stress,tobacco smoking,and sexual activity.This state of dysbiosis is strongly associated with a range of adverse vaginal health outcomes,including preterm birth,bacterial vaginosis,pelvic inflammatory disease,and a higher risk of sexually transmitted infections.展开更多
BACKGROUND The vaginal microbiome plays a critical role in the health of pregnant women and their newborns.Group B Streptococcus(GBS)and vaginal cleanliness significantly affect the vaginal microecosystem and are clos...BACKGROUND The vaginal microbiome plays a critical role in the health of pregnant women and their newborns.Group B Streptococcus(GBS)and vaginal cleanliness significantly affect the vaginal microecosystem and are closely associated with vaginal diseases.AIM To explore the effects of GBS status and vaginal cleanliness on vaginal microecosystems.METHODS We collected 160 vaginal swabs from pregnant women and divided them into the following four groups based on GBS status and vaginal cleanliness:GBS-positive+vaginal cleanliness I–II degree,GBS-negative+vaginal cleanliness I–II degree,GBS-positive+vaginal cleanliness III–IV degree,and GBS-negative+vaginal cleanliness III–IV degree.Samples were subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.RESULTS Alpha diversity analysis showed that the Shannon index did not significantly differ between the four groups.We identified significant variation in taxa abundance between the GBS-positive and GBS-negative groups and between the vaginal cleanliness I–II degree and III–IV degree groups.Principal coordinate analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis further confirmed the microbial diversity of the four groups.Moreover,the linear discriminant analysis demonstrated that Lactobacillus jensenii and Actinobacteria were strongly associated with GBS-positive status,and Lactobacillus iners,Lactobacillaceae,Lactobacillus,Lactobacillales,Bacilli and Firmicutes were closely correlated with GBS-negative status.CONCLUSION GBS status and vaginal cleanliness significantly affect vaginal microbiome differences in pregnant women.Our findings provide instructional information for clinical antibiotic treatment in pregnant women with different GBS statuses and vaginal cleanliness degrees.展开更多
The vaginal microbiome is critical for the reproductive health of women,yet the differential impacts exerted by the host and by ambient environmental variables on the vaginal microbiome remain largely unknown.Here,we ...The vaginal microbiome is critical for the reproductive health of women,yet the differential impacts exerted by the host and by ambient environmental variables on the vaginal microbiome remain largely unknown.Here,we conducted a comprehensive cross-sectional study of the relationships between the vaginal microbiome and 81 matched host and environmental variables across 6755 Chinese women.By 16S rRNA sequencing,we identified four core vaginal microbiota with a prevalence of over 90%and a total median abundance of 98.8%.Twenty-four variables,including physiology,lifestyle behaviors,gynecologic history,social and environmental information,were found associated with the microbiome composition,of which bacterial vaginosis(BV)showed the largest effect size.Age was among the strongest explanatory variables and the vaginal microbiome dynamically succeeded with increasing age,especially with a composition turning point at the age of 45.Our mediation analyses indicated that the effects of age on the microbiome could be mediated by variables such as parity number and lifestyles.We further classified the vaginal microbiomes of the population into 13“Vagitypes”.Women with Lactobacillus iners-and Lactobacillus jensenii-dominated Vagitypes had significantly higher live birth rate than those with Vagitype dominated by Fannyhessea vaginae(53.40%,59.09%vs 21.43%;OR[95%CI]:3.62[1.12-14.87],5.39[1.27-27.36];P=0.031,P=0.021).This study provides a comprehensive overview of the associations between identified variables and the vaginal microbiome,representing an important step toward understanding of environment-microbe-host interactions.展开更多
The rise in infertility rates has prompted research into the impact of vaginal microbiota on female fertility and the success of assisted reproductive technology(ART).Our study aimed to compare the vaginal microbiome ...The rise in infertility rates has prompted research into the impact of vaginal microbiota on female fertility and the success of assisted reproductive technology(ART).Our study aimed to compare the vaginal microbiome between fertile and infertile women and explore its influence on ART outcomes.Vaginal secretion samples were collected from 194 infertile women and 100 healthy controls at Shanghai Changzheng Hospital.The V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction(PCR).A machine learning model was applied to predict infertility based on genus-level abundance,and the PICRUSt algorithm was employed to predict metabolic pathways related to infertility and ART outcomes.The results showed that infertile women exhibited a significantly different vaginal microbial composition compared to healthy controls,along with increased microbial diversity.Notably,the abundance of Burkholderia,Pseudomonas,and Prevotella was significantly elevated in the vaginal microbiota of the infertility group,while that of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus was reduced.Among infertile women,those with recurrent implantation failure(RIF)showed even higher vaginal microbial diversity,with specific genera such as Mobiluncus,Peptoniphilus,Prevotella,and Varibaculum being more abundant.Eleven metabolic pathways were identified to be associated with both RIF and infertility,with Prevotella showing stronger correlations with these pathways.This study elucidates differences in vaginal microbiome between healthy and infertile women,providing novel insights into how vaginal microbiota may impact infertility and ART outcomes.Our findings underscore the importance of specific microbial taxa in women with RIF,suggesting potential avenues for targeted interventions to improve embryo transplantation success rates.展开更多
Recent work has shown that the vaginal microbiome exerts a strong impact on women's gynecological health.However,collection of vaginal specimens is invasive and requires previous clinical training or the involveme...Recent work has shown that the vaginal microbiome exerts a strong impact on women's gynecological health.However,collection of vaginal specimens is invasive and requires previous clinical training or the involvement of a trained clinician.In contrast,urine sample collection is routine and noninvasive and does not require involvement of a clinician.We sought to compare the vaginal and urogenital microbiomes to assess the utility of voided urine samples as a proxy for the vaginal microbiome.Paired urogenital and vaginal samples were collected from pregnant women and characterized by 16S rRNA taxonomic profiling.We examined diversities and compositions of paired urogenital and vaginal microbiomes using five discrete strategies to explore the similarity between the vaginal and urogenital microbiomes.A strategy comparing the paired urogenital and vaginal microbiomes in which taxa were assigned using the STIRRUPS database and urine-specific taxa were removed showed no significant difference in diversity and composition between the paired urogenital and vaginal microbiomes.Moreover,the relative abundances of common vaginal taxa were linearly correlated with those in the paired urogenitalmicrobiomes.These similarities suggest that voided urine samples could represent a noninvasive protocol for accurate profiling of the vaginalmicrobiome with likely clinical applications.Finally,a machine learning model was established in which the voided urine microbiome was compared favorably to the vaginal microbiome in predicting bacterial vaginosis.展开更多
The composition of these vaginal microbiome has a significant impact on women’s health.However,few studies have characterized the vaginal microbiome of healthy Chinese women using metagenomic sequencing.Here,we carri...The composition of these vaginal microbiome has a significant impact on women’s health.However,few studies have characterized the vaginal microbiome of healthy Chinese women using metagenomic sequencing.Here,we carried out a comparative metagenomic analysis to survey taxonomic,functional levels,and microbial communities’genome content in healthy women’s vaginal microbiome.Overall,we observed a total of 111 species,including all dominant vaginal Lactobacillus species,such as L.iners,L.crispatus,L.gasseri,and L.jensenii.Unlike microbial taxa,several pathways were ubiquitous and prevalent across individuals,including adenosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis and pyruvate fermentation to acetate and lactate Ⅱ.Notably,our diversity analysis confirmed a significant difference in healthy women from different ethnic groups.Moreover,we binned vaginal assemblies into 62 high-quality genomes,including 9 L.iners,7 A.vaginae,5 L.jensenii,and 5 L.crispatus.We identified the pan and core genomes of L.iners and A.vaginae and revealed the genetic diversity.Primary differences between strains were the hypothetical genes and mobile element-like genes.Our results provide a framework for understanding the implications of the female reproductive tract’s composition and functional potential and highlight the importance of genome-resolved metagenomic analysis to further understand the human vaginal microbiome.展开更多
Background Sow longevity and reproductivity are essential in the modern swine industry.Although many studies have focused on the genetic and genomic factors for selection,little is known about the associations between...Background Sow longevity and reproductivity are essential in the modern swine industry.Although many studies have focused on the genetic and genomic factors for selection,little is known about the associations between the microbiome and sows with longevity in reproduction.Results In this study,we collected and sequenced rectal and vaginal swabs from 48 sows,nine of which completed up to four parities(U4P group),exhibiting reproductive longevity.We first identified predictors of sow longevity in the rectum(e.g.,Akkermansia)and vagina(e.g.,Lactobacillus)of the U4P group using RandomForest in the early breeding stage of the first parity.Interestingly,these bacteria in the U4P group showed decreased predicted KEGG gene abundance involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids.Then,we tracked the longitudinal changes of the micro-biome over four parities in the U4P sows.LEfSe analysis revealed parity-associated bacteria that existed in both the rectum and vagina(e.g.,Streptococcus in Parity 1,Lactobacillus in Parity 2,Veillonella in Parity 4).We also identi-fied patterns of bacterial change between the early breeding stage(d 0)and d 110,such as Streptococcus,which was decreased in all four parties.Furthermore,sows in the U4P group with longevity potential also showed better reproductive performance.Finally,we discovered bacterial predictors(e.g.,Prevotellaceae NK3B31 group)for the total number of piglets born throughout the four parities in both the rectum and vagina.Conclusions This study highlights how the rectal and vaginal microbiome in sows with longevity in reproduc-tion changes within four parities.The identification of parity-associated,pregnancy-related,and reproductive performance-correlated bacteria provides the foundation for targeted microbiome modulation to improve animal production.展开更多
The complex and dynamic vaginal microbial ecosystem is critical to both health and disease of the host. Studies focusing on how vaginal microbiota influences HIV-1 infection may face limitations in selecting proper an...The complex and dynamic vaginal microbial ecosystem is critical to both health and disease of the host. Studies focusing on how vaginal microbiota influences HIV-1 infection may face limitations in selecting proper animal models. Given that northern pig-tailed macaques （Macaca leonina） are susceptible to HIV-1 infection, they may be an optimal animal model for elucidating the mechanisms by which vaginal microbiota contributes to resistance and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. However, little is known about the composition and temporal variability of vaginal microbiota of the northern pig-tailed macaque. Here, we present a comprehensive catalog of the composition and temporal dynamics of vaginal microbiota of two healthy northern pig-tailed macaques over 19 weeks using 454-pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes. We found remarkably high proportions of a diverse array of anaerobic bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis. Atopobium and Sneathia were dominant genera, and interestingly, we demonstrated the presence of Lactobacillus-dominated vaginal microbiota. Moreover, longitudinal analysis demonstrated that the temporal dynamics of the vaginal microbiota were considerably individualized. Finally, network analysis revealed that vaginal pH may influence the temporal dynamics of the vaginal microbiota, suggesting that inter-subject variability of vaginal bacterial communities could be mirrored in inter-subject variation in correlation profiles of species with each other and with vaginal pH over time. Our results suggest that the northern pig-tailed macaque could be an ideal animal model for prospective investigation of the mechanisms by which vaginal microbiota influence susceptibility and resistance to HIV-1 infection in the context of highly polymicrobial and Lactobacillus-dominated states.展开更多
Understanding mixed infections in the female lower genital tract is a critical challenge in modern infection research.The interplay of multiple pathogens complicates disease progression,often resulting in treatment fa...Understanding mixed infections in the female lower genital tract is a critical challenge in modern infection research.The interplay of multiple pathogens complicates disease progression,often resulting in treatment failure,recurrent infections,and significant public health and economic burdens.These infections are further exacerbated by disrupted host immune responses,which hinder the recovery of the vaginal microecosystem.Additionally,microbial biofilms—a fundamental mode of pathogen coexistence—contribute to the persistence and drug resistance of these infections,complicating management strategies.This review examines the pathogenesis,diagnosis,and treatment of mixed infections in the female lower genital tract while exploring potential avenues for future research.These findings emphasize the need for greater focus on these infections and offer insights to enhance further research in this area.展开更多
The vaginal microbiome likely influences host signaling compounds within the reproductive tract,including pro-inflammatory signals,which may play an important role during pregnancy.Vaginal lactobacilli are associated ...The vaginal microbiome likely influences host signaling compounds within the reproductive tract,including pro-inflammatory signals,which may play an important role during pregnancy.Vaginal lactobacilli are associated with positive pregnancy outcome,whereas bacterial vaginosis,a dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiome,is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm birth.If the host response could be predicted based on the taxonomic composition of the vaginal microbiome,particularly early in pregnancy,then those predictions could potentially be used to personalize intervention methods to reduce preterm birth and other adverse events.In this proof of principle study,we apply multivariate strategies to analyze 16S rRNA-based taxonomic surveys in conjunction with targeted immuno-proteomic and lipidomic data from vaginal samples from 58 women enrolled in the Multi-Omic Microbiome Study-Pregnancy Initiative during early pregnancy.Relationships between the vaginal microbiome and the vaginal lipidome have not been previously reported.Results from this study reveal significant multiple pairwise associations between microbial taxa,specific eicosanoids and sphingomyelins,and cytokines.While the biologic significance of these associations is not yet known,these results support the utility of such multi-omic approaches as a means to predict the impact of the microbiome on the host.展开更多
文摘The vaginal microbiome plays a pivotal role in maintaining vaginal health and protecting the host from various diseases.There is a broad agreement within the scientific community that the vaginal microbiome exhibits stable bacterial diversity,influenced by age and gonadal hormone levels,and is classified into distinct Community-State Types.A healthy vaginal microbiome is typically characterized by a predominance of Lactobacillus spp.,which acidifies the vaginal environment and is essential in defending against invading microbial pathogens.This review examines the evolution of the vaginal microbiome’s composition throughout a woman’s life.It also explores how exogenous factors influence the homeostasis of this microbiome,leading to either a state of eubiosis or dysbiosis.The main factors supporting eubiosis of the vaginal microbiome include diet,probiotic intake,certain personal hygiene practices,and hormonal contraceptives,while the major contributors to dysbiosis are psychosocial stress,tobacco smoking,and sexual activity.This state of dysbiosis is strongly associated with a range of adverse vaginal health outcomes,including preterm birth,bacterial vaginosis,pelvic inflammatory disease,and a higher risk of sexually transmitted infections.
文摘BACKGROUND The vaginal microbiome plays a critical role in the health of pregnant women and their newborns.Group B Streptococcus(GBS)and vaginal cleanliness significantly affect the vaginal microecosystem and are closely associated with vaginal diseases.AIM To explore the effects of GBS status and vaginal cleanliness on vaginal microecosystems.METHODS We collected 160 vaginal swabs from pregnant women and divided them into the following four groups based on GBS status and vaginal cleanliness:GBS-positive+vaginal cleanliness I–II degree,GBS-negative+vaginal cleanliness I–II degree,GBS-positive+vaginal cleanliness III–IV degree,and GBS-negative+vaginal cleanliness III–IV degree.Samples were subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.RESULTS Alpha diversity analysis showed that the Shannon index did not significantly differ between the four groups.We identified significant variation in taxa abundance between the GBS-positive and GBS-negative groups and between the vaginal cleanliness I–II degree and III–IV degree groups.Principal coordinate analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis further confirmed the microbial diversity of the four groups.Moreover,the linear discriminant analysis demonstrated that Lactobacillus jensenii and Actinobacteria were strongly associated with GBS-positive status,and Lactobacillus iners,Lactobacillaceae,Lactobacillus,Lactobacillales,Bacilli and Firmicutes were closely correlated with GBS-negative status.CONCLUSION GBS status and vaginal cleanliness significantly affect vaginal microbiome differences in pregnant women.Our findings provide instructional information for clinical antibiotic treatment in pregnant women with different GBS statuses and vaginal cleanliness degrees.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China 2021YFC2700400 and 2021YFC2700701 to H.Z.and S.G.Z.the Basic Science Center Program of NSFC 31988101,Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program 2020ZLYS02+4 种基金the Innovative Research Team of Highlevel Local Universities in Shanghai SHSMU-ZLCX20210200,to Z.-J.C.the National Natural Science Foundation of China 82421004,82192874,31871509,82071606,and 82071122 to H.Z.,S.G.Z.and Q.F.the National High-level Young Scientist Project Foundation(2019)and the Excellent Young Scientist Foundation of Shandong Province ZR202102230369 to Q.F.the Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province ts20190988 to H.Z.the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University 2023QNTDO04 to S.G.Z.
文摘The vaginal microbiome is critical for the reproductive health of women,yet the differential impacts exerted by the host and by ambient environmental variables on the vaginal microbiome remain largely unknown.Here,we conducted a comprehensive cross-sectional study of the relationships between the vaginal microbiome and 81 matched host and environmental variables across 6755 Chinese women.By 16S rRNA sequencing,we identified four core vaginal microbiota with a prevalence of over 90%and a total median abundance of 98.8%.Twenty-four variables,including physiology,lifestyle behaviors,gynecologic history,social and environmental information,were found associated with the microbiome composition,of which bacterial vaginosis(BV)showed the largest effect size.Age was among the strongest explanatory variables and the vaginal microbiome dynamically succeeded with increasing age,especially with a composition turning point at the age of 45.Our mediation analyses indicated that the effects of age on the microbiome could be mediated by variables such as parity number and lifestyles.We further classified the vaginal microbiomes of the population into 13“Vagitypes”.Women with Lactobacillus iners-and Lactobacillus jensenii-dominated Vagitypes had significantly higher live birth rate than those with Vagitype dominated by Fannyhessea vaginae(53.40%,59.09%vs 21.43%;OR[95%CI]:3.62[1.12-14.87],5.39[1.27-27.36];P=0.031,P=0.021).This study provides a comprehensive overview of the associations between identified variables and the vaginal microbiome,representing an important step toward understanding of environment-microbe-host interactions.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1303900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82271662)the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Discipline Leader Training Program(Grant No.2022XD003).
文摘The rise in infertility rates has prompted research into the impact of vaginal microbiota on female fertility and the success of assisted reproductive technology(ART).Our study aimed to compare the vaginal microbiome between fertile and infertile women and explore its influence on ART outcomes.Vaginal secretion samples were collected from 194 infertile women and 100 healthy controls at Shanghai Changzheng Hospital.The V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction(PCR).A machine learning model was applied to predict infertility based on genus-level abundance,and the PICRUSt algorithm was employed to predict metabolic pathways related to infertility and ART outcomes.The results showed that infertile women exhibited a significantly different vaginal microbial composition compared to healthy controls,along with increased microbial diversity.Notably,the abundance of Burkholderia,Pseudomonas,and Prevotella was significantly elevated in the vaginal microbiota of the infertility group,while that of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus was reduced.Among infertile women,those with recurrent implantation failure(RIF)showed even higher vaginal microbial diversity,with specific genera such as Mobiluncus,Peptoniphilus,Prevotella,and Varibaculum being more abundant.Eleven metabolic pathways were identified to be associated with both RIF and infertility,with Prevotella showing stronger correlations with these pathways.This study elucidates differences in vaginal microbiome between healthy and infertile women,providing novel insights into how vaginal microbiota may impact infertility and ART outcomes.Our findings underscore the importance of specific microbial taxa in women with RIF,suggesting potential avenues for targeted interventions to improve embryo transplantation success rates.
基金supported by grants UH3AI083263,U54HD080784 and R01HD092415 fromthe National Institutes of Health and the GAPPS BMGF PPB grant from the Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth。
文摘Recent work has shown that the vaginal microbiome exerts a strong impact on women's gynecological health.However,collection of vaginal specimens is invasive and requires previous clinical training or the involvement of a trained clinician.In contrast,urine sample collection is routine and noninvasive and does not require involvement of a clinician.We sought to compare the vaginal and urogenital microbiomes to assess the utility of voided urine samples as a proxy for the vaginal microbiome.Paired urogenital and vaginal samples were collected from pregnant women and characterized by 16S rRNA taxonomic profiling.We examined diversities and compositions of paired urogenital and vaginal microbiomes using five discrete strategies to explore the similarity between the vaginal and urogenital microbiomes.A strategy comparing the paired urogenital and vaginal microbiomes in which taxa were assigned using the STIRRUPS database and urine-specific taxa were removed showed no significant difference in diversity and composition between the paired urogenital and vaginal microbiomes.Moreover,the relative abundances of common vaginal taxa were linearly correlated with those in the paired urogenitalmicrobiomes.These similarities suggest that voided urine samples could represent a noninvasive protocol for accurate profiling of the vaginalmicrobiome with likely clinical applications.Finally,a machine learning model was established in which the voided urine microbiome was compared favorably to the vaginal microbiome in predicting bacterial vaginosis.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0400602 and 2016YFC1000102-2)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31500114)the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(7192169).
文摘The composition of these vaginal microbiome has a significant impact on women’s health.However,few studies have characterized the vaginal microbiome of healthy Chinese women using metagenomic sequencing.Here,we carried out a comparative metagenomic analysis to survey taxonomic,functional levels,and microbial communities’genome content in healthy women’s vaginal microbiome.Overall,we observed a total of 111 species,including all dominant vaginal Lactobacillus species,such as L.iners,L.crispatus,L.gasseri,and L.jensenii.Unlike microbial taxa,several pathways were ubiquitous and prevalent across individuals,including adenosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis and pyruvate fermentation to acetate and lactate Ⅱ.Notably,our diversity analysis confirmed a significant difference in healthy women from different ethnic groups.Moreover,we binned vaginal assemblies into 62 high-quality genomes,including 9 L.iners,7 A.vaginae,5 L.jensenii,and 5 L.crispatus.We identified the pan and core genomes of L.iners and A.vaginae and revealed the genetic diversity.Primary differences between strains were the hypothetical genes and mobile element-like genes.Our results provide a framework for understanding the implications of the female reproductive tract’s composition and functional potential and highlight the importance of genome-resolved metagenomic analysis to further understand the human vaginal microbiome.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFE0124400)the Specific university discipline construction project (2023B10564001)+1 种基金grants administered by the Arkansas Biosciences Institute and the USDAa core grant (P20GM121293, proteogenomics core)。
文摘Background Sow longevity and reproductivity are essential in the modern swine industry.Although many studies have focused on the genetic and genomic factors for selection,little is known about the associations between the microbiome and sows with longevity in reproduction.Results In this study,we collected and sequenced rectal and vaginal swabs from 48 sows,nine of which completed up to four parities(U4P group),exhibiting reproductive longevity.We first identified predictors of sow longevity in the rectum(e.g.,Akkermansia)and vagina(e.g.,Lactobacillus)of the U4P group using RandomForest in the early breeding stage of the first parity.Interestingly,these bacteria in the U4P group showed decreased predicted KEGG gene abundance involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids.Then,we tracked the longitudinal changes of the micro-biome over four parities in the U4P sows.LEfSe analysis revealed parity-associated bacteria that existed in both the rectum and vagina(e.g.,Streptococcus in Parity 1,Lactobacillus in Parity 2,Veillonella in Parity 4).We also identi-fied patterns of bacterial change between the early breeding stage(d 0)and d 110,such as Streptococcus,which was decreased in all four parties.Furthermore,sows in the U4P group with longevity potential also showed better reproductive performance.Finally,we discovered bacterial predictors(e.g.,Prevotellaceae NK3B31 group)for the total number of piglets born throughout the four parities in both the rectum and vagina.Conclusions This study highlights how the rectal and vaginal microbiome in sows with longevity in reproduc-tion changes within four parities.The identification of parity-associated,pregnancy-related,and reproductive performance-correlated bacteria provides the foundation for targeted microbiome modulation to improve animal production.
基金supported in part by the Key Scientific and Technological Program of China(2012ZX10001-0072013ZX10001-002)+5 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CBA01305)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(8117287681273251U1202228)the Knowledge Innovation Program of CAS(KSCX2-EW-R-13KJZD-EW-L10-02)
文摘The complex and dynamic vaginal microbial ecosystem is critical to both health and disease of the host. Studies focusing on how vaginal microbiota influences HIV-1 infection may face limitations in selecting proper animal models. Given that northern pig-tailed macaques （Macaca leonina） are susceptible to HIV-1 infection, they may be an optimal animal model for elucidating the mechanisms by which vaginal microbiota contributes to resistance and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. However, little is known about the composition and temporal variability of vaginal microbiota of the northern pig-tailed macaque. Here, we present a comprehensive catalog of the composition and temporal dynamics of vaginal microbiota of two healthy northern pig-tailed macaques over 19 weeks using 454-pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes. We found remarkably high proportions of a diverse array of anaerobic bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis. Atopobium and Sneathia were dominant genera, and interestingly, we demonstrated the presence of Lactobacillus-dominated vaginal microbiota. Moreover, longitudinal analysis demonstrated that the temporal dynamics of the vaginal microbiota were considerably individualized. Finally, network analysis revealed that vaginal pH may influence the temporal dynamics of the vaginal microbiota, suggesting that inter-subject variability of vaginal bacterial communities could be mirrored in inter-subject variation in correlation profiles of species with each other and with vaginal pH over time. Our results suggest that the northern pig-tailed macaque could be an ideal animal model for prospective investigation of the mechanisms by which vaginal microbiota influence susceptibility and resistance to HIV-1 infection in the context of highly polymicrobial and Lactobacillus-dominated states.
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81874483).
文摘Understanding mixed infections in the female lower genital tract is a critical challenge in modern infection research.The interplay of multiple pathogens complicates disease progression,often resulting in treatment failure,recurrent infections,and significant public health and economic burdens.These infections are further exacerbated by disrupted host immune responses,which hinder the recovery of the vaginal microecosystem.Additionally,microbial biofilms—a fundamental mode of pathogen coexistence—contribute to the persistence and drug resistance of these infections,complicating management strategies.This review examines the pathogenesis,diagnosis,and treatment of mixed infections in the female lower genital tract while exploring potential avenues for future research.These findings emphasize the need for greater focus on these infections and offer insights to enhance further research in this area.
文摘The vaginal microbiome likely influences host signaling compounds within the reproductive tract,including pro-inflammatory signals,which may play an important role during pregnancy.Vaginal lactobacilli are associated with positive pregnancy outcome,whereas bacterial vaginosis,a dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiome,is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm birth.If the host response could be predicted based on the taxonomic composition of the vaginal microbiome,particularly early in pregnancy,then those predictions could potentially be used to personalize intervention methods to reduce preterm birth and other adverse events.In this proof of principle study,we apply multivariate strategies to analyze 16S rRNA-based taxonomic surveys in conjunction with targeted immuno-proteomic and lipidomic data from vaginal samples from 58 women enrolled in the Multi-Omic Microbiome Study-Pregnancy Initiative during early pregnancy.Relationships between the vaginal microbiome and the vaginal lipidome have not been previously reported.Results from this study reveal significant multiple pairwise associations between microbial taxa,specific eicosanoids and sphingomyelins,and cytokines.While the biologic significance of these associations is not yet known,these results support the utility of such multi-omic approaches as a means to predict the impact of the microbiome on the host.
