There are two important problems of urban-rural relationship in China nowadays: the accelerated urbanization process and an enlarged urban-rural gap. The researchers can be divided into two schools according to their ...There are two important problems of urban-rural relationship in China nowadays: the accelerated urbanization process and an enlarged urban-rural gap. The researchers can be divided into two schools according to their emphasis. One emphasizes particularly the urban development, and the other pays attention to the urban-rural income gap. However, there is a very strong association between urbanization rate and urban-rural inequality. As far as it goes, there is a paradox between urbanization and urban-rural inequality in China. This main reason lies' in the different temporal and spatial scales chosen by the scholars. Making use of correlative analysis and wavelet method, this paper rethinks and sums up the commonly evolving characteristics and trends between urbanization and urban-rural gap from 1950s to now. There is an intensively positive correlation between urbanization and urban- rural consumption gap. In general, with the acceleration of urbanization, urban-rural gap of China has undergone three stages of cyclical fluctuations. The rapid urbanization results in the increase of urban-rural highly risky. In addition, the special stage of urbanization is the other reason that expands urban-rural gap.展开更多
The urban-rural income gap is widening,which has become a bottleneck restricting China＇s economic and social development.It is the current outstanding problems in the harmonious development of the society.Community S...The urban-rural income gap is widening,which has become a bottleneck restricting China＇s economic and social development.It is the current outstanding problems in the harmonious development of the society.Community Supported Agriculture（CSA） is one of the most important forms of sustainable agriculture and it has received the attention in recent years.This paper first introduces the rise and development of CSA in China,and discuss the impact of CSA on urban-rural income gap in China preliminarily in order to provide ideas for improving the farmers＇ income and narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.展开更多
From the situations about the incomes and life quality of the urban and rural residents,the thesis briefly introduces the status quo of the urban-rural income gap and explores the impact of the income gap on social ec...From the situations about the incomes and life quality of the urban and rural residents,the thesis briefly introduces the status quo of the urban-rural income gap and explores the impact of the income gap on social economy:firstly,it hampers economic development;secondly,it is detrimental to the social development.Then the thesis analyzes the role of a sound social security in narrowing urban-rural income gap:at first,it broadens the institutional environment of improving the agricultural efficiency;secondly,it eliminates the uncertainties influencing the farmers' income;thirdly,it improves the farmers' capacity to increase income;at last,it enhances the farmers' consciousness of wealth.Next the thesis inquires into the problems existing in the system of rural social security:the first problem is more obviously fragmented system;the second is inadequate security projects and narrower coverage;the third is an obvious lack of equality in urban and rural security;the fourth is even less sound management system;the last is the lagging of legislation.Afterwards the thesis proposes the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the system of rural social security and narrow urban-rural income gap:firstly,to integrate the social security system in rural areas;secondly,to perfect security projects and enhance the security system;thirdly,to integrate the administrative management of social security;at last,to enforce the legal system.展开更多
Taking Shouguang City in Shandong Province as an example, this article researches the mutual relationship between urban-rural income and employment of rural labor forces, and conducting cointegration test and Granger ...Taking Shouguang City in Shandong Province as an example, this article researches the mutual relationship between urban-rural income and employment of rural labor forces, and conducting cointegration test and Granger causality test on the variable sequences using statistical data. The results show that the average annual income of rural labor forces influences the income per capita of rural residents, and there is a Granger causality relationship between the income per capita of rural residents and urban employees' average wage. Engaging in production concerning agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery makes the total income per capita in rural areas of Shouguang City higher than the average wage of urban residents in Shouguang City, even in Weifang City. The comparative advantage in terms of income causes the city to loose attraction to rural residents in Shouguang City. The comparative advantage drives more rural labor forces in Shouguang City to engage in primary industry, thereby greatly reducing the pressure of employment and transfer of rural labor forces. Finally important following measures are put forward to promote employment and on-the-spot transfer of rural labor forces: vigorously propel agricultural industrialization; increase rural residents' income; improve the living conditions for rural residents.展开更多
By using the data concerning China's urban-rural residents' income gap from 1978 to 2010,this paper mainly researches the application of several kinds of models in predicting China's urban-rural residents&...By using the data concerning China's urban-rural residents' income gap from 1978 to 2010,this paper mainly researches the application of several kinds of models in predicting China's urban-rural residents' income gap.By conducting empirical analysis,we establish ARIMA prediction model,grey prediction model and quadratic-polynomial prediction model and conduct accuracy comparison.The results show that quadratic-polynomial prediction model has excellent fitting effect.By using quadratic-polynomial prediction model,this paper conducts prediction on trend of China's urban-rural residents' income gap from 2011 to 2013,and the prediction value of income gap of urban-rural residents in China from 2011 to 2013 is 14 173.20,15 212.92 and 16 289.67 yuan respectively.Finally,on the basis of analysis,corresponding countermeasures are put forward,in order to provide scientific basis for energy planning and policy formulation:first,strengthen government's function of public service,coordinate resources,and strive to provide an equal opportunity of development for social members,so as to promote people's welfare and promote social equality;second,breach industrial monopoly and bridge income gap between employees in monopoly industry and general industry;last but not the least,support,encourage and call for government to establish social relief fund,adjust residents' income distribution from the non-governmental perspective,and endeavor to promote the income level of low-income class.展开更多
Firstly,this paper conducts theoretical analysis and current situation analysis,and then proposes research hypotheses.Secondly,using spatial Dubin model and partial differential method,it empirically studies the impac...Firstly,this paper conducts theoretical analysis and current situation analysis,and then proposes research hypotheses.Secondly,using spatial Dubin model and partial differential method,it empirically studies the impact of industrial structure advancement and rationalization on the urban-rural income gap.The results show that:(1)Both industrial structure and urban-rural income gap have significant spatial dependence;(2)The increase in the industrial structure rationalization will narrow the urban-rural income gap in local region,while its spillover effect on neighboring areas is not obvious.(3)The impact of the industrial structure advancement on the urban-rural income gap is not linear.It is first expanded and then narrowed.The industrial structure advancement in the Yangtze River Delta will generally narrow the urban-rural income gap at this stage.Finally,this paper put forward relevant suggestions.展开更多
Based on the Chinese provincial panel data during the period 2003-2010,we conduct empirical test on whether China's rapidly rising prices of agricultural products narrow the urban-rural income gap.The empirical re...Based on the Chinese provincial panel data during the period 2003-2010,we conduct empirical test on whether China's rapidly rising prices of agricultural products narrow the urban-rural income gap.The empirical results indicate that the effects of rising agricultural prices on the urban-rural income gap show U shape:within some range of rise,the rising agricultural prices are conducive to narrowing the urban-rural income gap;when the rise is too sharp,it will widen the urban-rural income gap.In the multiple factors fueling the uptick in agricultural prices,rising labor costs in rural areas is an important factor,and the rising agricultural prices driven by this factor can significantly reduce the urban-rural income gap.Therefore,when the government regulates agricultural prices,there is a need to act according to the specific factors,and it should maintain certain"tolerance"for the modest rise in the agricultural prices that contributes to the increase in farmers'income,to avoid over-regulation at the expense of urban and rural residents'income convergence.展开更多
Since the late 1970s, with the rapid growth of China’s economy, the income levels of both urban and rural residents have risen significantly, and their standard of living has fundamentally improved. However, a dispar...Since the late 1970s, with the rapid growth of China’s economy, the income levels of both urban and rural residents have risen significantly, and their standard of living has fundamentally improved. However, a disparity in income growth between the two exists, and the disparities in relative and absolute income have experienced a period of long-term expansion, which has led to the long-time widening of the consumption gap. There are several indicators of these disparities: the proportion of urban and rural consumption compared to the national level, the changes measured by the Engel’s coefficient, residents’ possession of consumer durables in the countryside, etc. The expanding disparity in consumption between urban and rural residents is neither conducive to meeting aggregate domestic demand, nor to upgrading the industrial structure. In this regard, measures must be taken to curb the expanding urban and rural income gap, so as to help rural incomes grow more quickly and further promote China’s economic growth and social stability.展开更多
As the gap in income between urban and rural residents bigger and bigger,based on the data from 1978 to 2007,this paper makes an empirical study of the dynamic relation between the fixed assets investment and the diff...As the gap in income between urban and rural residents bigger and bigger,based on the data from 1978 to 2007,this paper makes an empirical study of the dynamic relation between the fixed assets investment and the difference in income between urban and rural residents. The outcome from the study indicates a long-term balance exists between the investment rate of the fixed assets and the difference in income between urban and rural residents. A short-term deviation from the balance can be adjusted through long time. To a certain extent,city-oriented fixed assets investment policy is the main cause of the big gap in income between urban and rural residents. The big gap in income between urban and rural residents in turn reinforces their social status,thus further strengthening the city-oriented instead of countryside-oriented fixed assets investment policy. Based on that,this paper puts forward some suggestions on adjusting the fixed assets investment policy so as to shorten the difference in income between urban and rural residents and realize the goal of harmonious development between city and countryside.展开更多
Integrated urban-rural development is a crucial stage in the development of China’s urban-rural relations and is essential for Chinese modernization.In the digital era,the cultural tourism industry has the potential ...Integrated urban-rural development is a crucial stage in the development of China’s urban-rural relations and is essential for Chinese modernization.In the digital era,the cultural tourism industry has the potential to promote integrated urban-rural development through multidimensional integration mechanisms,including cultural exchanges,resource sharing,and industrial linkages.Specifically,by innovating cultural tourism development models,the efficiency of labor allocation between urban and rural areas can be improved,fostering the transformation of rural cultural tourism and its related industries.By expanding the cultural tourism scenarios,new spaces for rural cultural consumption can be constructed,which would help to reduce urban and rural consumption disparities.By establishing cultural tourism development platforms and facilitating the sharing of data elements,the coordinated development of urban and rural public cultural services can be promoted,which would reduce the service gaps between urban and rural areas.By leveraging smart city construction to drive the development of the rural digital infrastructure,integrated urban-rural development,guided by a“digital+”approach,can then be fostered and help to reduce urban and rural development gaps.Building on this foundation,the digital transformation of cultural tourism will advance industrial linkages,resource sharing,factor mobility,and spatial co-creation within urban and rural cultural tourism,gradually realizing integrated urban-rural development and ultimately driving rural revitalization and fostering common prosperity.展开更多
Integrated urban-rural development is an inevitable choice for promoting Chinese modernization.High-quality integrated urban-rural development is essentially a practical response to the current multi-factor and multi-...Integrated urban-rural development is an inevitable choice for promoting Chinese modernization.High-quality integrated urban-rural development is essentially a practical response to the current multi-factor and multi-sectoral challenges in urban-rural relations,and plays an important role in implementing the new development philosophy,which promotes Chinese modernization.The theoretical logic supporting the function it plays in enabling Chinese modernization lies in the following aspects:it leverages the free flow of population and resources between urban and rural areas and thus facilitates the balanced development of China’s modernization;it advances the common prosperity of all people through its new type of urban-rural and industrial-agricultural relations;it fosters the coordinated development of the material and spiritual civilizations through the integration of urban and rural cultures;it promotes steering the modernization toward green development through the joint building and managing of the overall urban-rural ecosystem;and it drives modernization in a harmonious and stable direction through integrated urban-rural development.Currently,integrated urban-rural development still faces challenges such as restrictions on the two-way flow of factors,the low efficiency of industrial coordination and support,unequal access to public service facilities,and the insufficient use of land.Therefore,based on the strategic framework of urban-rural integrated development,it is necessary to continuously promote Chinese modernization through high-quality integrated urban-rural development from the perspectives of deepening institutional coordination,expanding the application of digital intelligence in urban and rural industries,optimizing public services,and improving land management.展开更多
Background:Cervical and breast cancers are among the top 4 leading causes of cancer-related mortality in women.This study aimed to examine age-specific temporal trends in mortality for cervical and breast cancers in u...Background:Cervical and breast cancers are among the top 4 leading causes of cancer-related mortality in women.This study aimed to examine age-specific temporal trends in mortality for cervical and breast cancers in urban and rural areas of China from 2009 to 2021.Methods:Age-specific mortality data for cervical and breast cancers among Chinese women aged 20-84 years were obtained from China’s National Disease Surveillance Points system spanning the years 2009 to 2021.Negative binomial regression models were utilized to assess urban-rural differences in mortality rate ratios,while Joinpoint models with estimated average annual percent changes(AAPC)and slopes were employed to compare temporal trends and the acceleration of mortality rates within different age groups.Results:From 2009 to 2021,there was a relative increase in age-specific mortality associated with the two cancers observed in rural areas compared with urban areas.A rising trend in the screening age of 35-64[AAPC:4.0%,95%confidence interval(CI)0.5-7.6,P=0.026]for cervical cancer was noted in rural areas,while a stable trend(AAPC:-0.7%,95%CI-5.8 to 4.6,P=0.780)was observed in urban areas.As for breast cancer,a stable trend(AAPC:0.3%,95%CI-0.3 to 0.9,P=0.280)was observed in rural areas compared to a decreasing trend(AAPC:-2.7%,95%CI-4.6 to-0.7,P=0.007)in urban areas.Urban-rural differences in mortality rates increased over time for cervical cancer but decreased for breast cancer.Mortality trends for both cervical and breast cancers showed an increase with age across 4 segments,with the most significant surge in mortality observed among the 35-54 age group across urban and rural areas,periods,and regions in China.Conclusions:Special attention should be given to women aged 35-54 years due to mortality trends and rural-urban disparities.Focusing on vulnerable age groups and addressing rural-urban differences in the delivery of cancer control programs can enhance resource efficiency and promote health equity.展开更多
This paper selects related data on the urbanization and the incomes of urban and rural residents in Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2014, applies the theory of co-integration by Eviews Software, meanwhile, studies and a...This paper selects related data on the urbanization and the incomes of urban and rural residents in Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2014, applies the theory of co-integration by Eviews Software, meanwhile, studies and analyzes the population urbanization and the income gap between urban and rural residents in Jiangxi Province through establishing an index system. Results： There is a cause-and-effect relationship, as well as duality, between the urban-rural income gap and the level of population urbanization in Jiangxi Province. With continuous promotion of the urbanization course in 1990-2014, the income gap between urban and rural residents in Jiangxi Province presents a phenomenon of expanding first, narrowing second and expanding again.展开更多
The hybridization gap in strained-layer InAs/In_(x)Ga_(1−x) Sb quantum spin Hall insulators(QSHIs)is significantly enhanced compared to binary InAs/GaSb QSHI structures,where the typical indium composition,x,ranges be...The hybridization gap in strained-layer InAs/In_(x)Ga_(1−x) Sb quantum spin Hall insulators(QSHIs)is significantly enhanced compared to binary InAs/GaSb QSHI structures,where the typical indium composition,x,ranges between 0.2 and 0.4.This enhancement prompts a critical question:to what extent can quantum wells(QWs)be strained while still preserving the fundamental QSHI phase?In this study,we demonstrate the controlled molecular beam epitaxial growth of highly strained-layer QWs with an indium composition of x=0.5.These structures possess a substantial compressive strain within the In_(0.5)Ga_(0.5)Sb QW.Detailed crystal structure analyses confirm the exceptional quality of the resulting epitaxial films,indicating coherent lattice structures and the absence of visible dislocations.Transport measurements further reveal that the QSHI phase in InAs/In_(0.5)Ga_(0.5)Sb QWs is robust and protected by time-reversal symmetry.Notably,the edge states in these systems exhibit giant magnetoresistance when subjected to a modest perpendicular magnetic field.This behavior is in agreement with the𝑍2 topological property predicted by the Bernevig–Hughes–Zhang model,confirming the preservation of topologically protected edge transport in the presence of enhanced bulk strain.展开更多
Superconducting elect rides have attracted growing attention for their potential to achieve high superconducting transition temperatures(T_(C))under pressure.However,many known elect rides are chemically reactive and ...Superconducting elect rides have attracted growing attention for their potential to achieve high superconducting transition temperatures(T_(C))under pressure.However,many known elect rides are chemically reactive and unstable,making high-quality single-crystal growth,characterization,and measurements difficult,and most do not exhibit superconductivity at ambient pressure.In contrast,La_(3) In stands out for its ambient-pressure superconductivity(T_(C)∼9.4 K)and the availability of high-quality single crystals.Here,we investigate its low-energy electronic structure using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations.The bands near the Fermi energy(E_(F))are mainly derived from La 5d and In 5p orbitals.A saddle point is directly observed at the Brillouin zone(BZ)boundary,while a three-dimensional Van Hove singularity crosses E_(F) at the BZ corner.First-principles calculations further reveal topological Dirac surface states within the bulk energy gap above E_(F).The coexistence of a high density of states and in-gap topological surface states near𝐸F suggests that La3In offers a promising platform for tuning superconductivity and exploring possible topological superconducting phases through doping or external pressure.展开更多
Human mobility survey data usually suffer from a lack of resources for validation.Epidemiological survey records,which are released to the public as a containment measure by local authorities,provide place visitation ...Human mobility survey data usually suffer from a lack of resources for validation.Epidemiological survey records,which are released to the public as a containment measure by local authorities,provide place visitation details validated by the authority.This study collected and analyzed the epidemiological survey reports published by local governments in the Chinese mainland,between January 2020 and November 2021.To reveal the mobility patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic across the urban-rural gradient in China’s mainland,we derived key mobility indicators from the epidemiological survey data from rural to megacities.We then applied exploratory factor analysis to identify latent factors that affected people’s mobility.We found that the pandemic poses varying impacts across the urban-rural gradient in the Chinese mainland,and the mobility patterns of middle and small cities are more influenced.Our results also showed that the pandemic did not enlarge gender gap in people’s mobility,as gender was not a significant driving factor for explaining people’s quantity of out-of-home activities as well as extent of life space,while age group and city levels were significant.Overall,we argue that the epidemiological survey data are valuable data sources for daily mobility modeling,especially for relevant studies to understand human mobility patterns during the pandemic.展开更多
Environmental and ecological problems in the urban-rural integration were analyzed, characteristics of urban green space system introduced, such as excellent landscape eco-structure, distinctive historical and humanis...Environmental and ecological problems in the urban-rural integration were analyzed, characteristics of urban green space system introduced, such as excellent landscape eco-structure, distinctive historical and humanistic features, and diversified natural landscape resources, and also challenges pointed out. Evolution, overall spatial structure and conservation concept of conservation-minded urban green space system planning were elaborated, on the basis of which the evaluation system of conservation-minded urban green space system was studied, and it was proposed that mutual relationship between impact factors of compound value and qualitative evaluation factors should be taken into consideration as a whole in evaluating conservation effects of green space system. Quantitative evaluation indexes and qualitative evaluation measures were analyzed, an objective and precise evaluation system for the conservation-minded urban green space system was established by combining qualitative and quantitative analysis to improve ecological environment during the urbanization, and fully show planning concepts of conservation-minded green space system.展开更多
The connotation of urban-rural integration,its construction courses,construction modes in China and abroad are introduced in this study,the problems emerging from the urban-rural integration practices are analyzed,and...The connotation of urban-rural integration,its construction courses,construction modes in China and abroad are introduced in this study,the problems emerging from the urban-rural integration practices are analyzed,and strategies for the urban-rural integration in China are proposed.展开更多
文摘There are two important problems of urban-rural relationship in China nowadays: the accelerated urbanization process and an enlarged urban-rural gap. The researchers can be divided into two schools according to their emphasis. One emphasizes particularly the urban development, and the other pays attention to the urban-rural income gap. However, there is a very strong association between urbanization rate and urban-rural inequality. As far as it goes, there is a paradox between urbanization and urban-rural inequality in China. This main reason lies' in the different temporal and spatial scales chosen by the scholars. Making use of correlative analysis and wavelet method, this paper rethinks and sums up the commonly evolving characteristics and trends between urbanization and urban-rural gap from 1950s to now. There is an intensively positive correlation between urbanization and urban- rural consumption gap. In general, with the acceleration of urbanization, urban-rural gap of China has undergone three stages of cyclical fluctuations. The rapid urbanization results in the increase of urban-rural highly risky. In addition, the special stage of urbanization is the other reason that expands urban-rural gap.
文摘The urban-rural income gap is widening,which has become a bottleneck restricting China＇s economic and social development.It is the current outstanding problems in the harmonious development of the society.Community Supported Agriculture（CSA） is one of the most important forms of sustainable agriculture and it has received the attention in recent years.This paper first introduces the rise and development of CSA in China,and discuss the impact of CSA on urban-rural income gap in China preliminarily in order to provide ideas for improving the farmers＇ income and narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.
基金Supported by Jiangxi Social Sciences Project(08SH035)Key Project of National Social Sciences Fund(08AZD005)
文摘From the situations about the incomes and life quality of the urban and rural residents,the thesis briefly introduces the status quo of the urban-rural income gap and explores the impact of the income gap on social economy:firstly,it hampers economic development;secondly,it is detrimental to the social development.Then the thesis analyzes the role of a sound social security in narrowing urban-rural income gap:at first,it broadens the institutional environment of improving the agricultural efficiency;secondly,it eliminates the uncertainties influencing the farmers' income;thirdly,it improves the farmers' capacity to increase income;at last,it enhances the farmers' consciousness of wealth.Next the thesis inquires into the problems existing in the system of rural social security:the first problem is more obviously fragmented system;the second is inadequate security projects and narrower coverage;the third is an obvious lack of equality in urban and rural security;the fourth is even less sound management system;the last is the lagging of legislation.Afterwards the thesis proposes the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the system of rural social security and narrow urban-rural income gap:firstly,to integrate the social security system in rural areas;secondly,to perfect security projects and enhance the security system;thirdly,to integrate the administrative management of social security;at last,to enforce the legal system.
文摘Taking Shouguang City in Shandong Province as an example, this article researches the mutual relationship between urban-rural income and employment of rural labor forces, and conducting cointegration test and Granger causality test on the variable sequences using statistical data. The results show that the average annual income of rural labor forces influences the income per capita of rural residents, and there is a Granger causality relationship between the income per capita of rural residents and urban employees' average wage. Engaging in production concerning agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery makes the total income per capita in rural areas of Shouguang City higher than the average wage of urban residents in Shouguang City, even in Weifang City. The comparative advantage in terms of income causes the city to loose attraction to rural residents in Shouguang City. The comparative advantage drives more rural labor forces in Shouguang City to engage in primary industry, thereby greatly reducing the pressure of employment and transfer of rural labor forces. Finally important following measures are put forward to promote employment and on-the-spot transfer of rural labor forces: vigorously propel agricultural industrialization; increase rural residents' income; improve the living conditions for rural residents.
文摘By using the data concerning China's urban-rural residents' income gap from 1978 to 2010,this paper mainly researches the application of several kinds of models in predicting China's urban-rural residents' income gap.By conducting empirical analysis,we establish ARIMA prediction model,grey prediction model and quadratic-polynomial prediction model and conduct accuracy comparison.The results show that quadratic-polynomial prediction model has excellent fitting effect.By using quadratic-polynomial prediction model,this paper conducts prediction on trend of China's urban-rural residents' income gap from 2011 to 2013,and the prediction value of income gap of urban-rural residents in China from 2011 to 2013 is 14 173.20,15 212.92 and 16 289.67 yuan respectively.Finally,on the basis of analysis,corresponding countermeasures are put forward,in order to provide scientific basis for energy planning and policy formulation:first,strengthen government's function of public service,coordinate resources,and strive to provide an equal opportunity of development for social members,so as to promote people's welfare and promote social equality;second,breach industrial monopoly and bridge income gap between employees in monopoly industry and general industry;last but not the least,support,encourage and call for government to establish social relief fund,adjust residents' income distribution from the non-governmental perspective,and endeavor to promote the income level of low-income class.
文摘Firstly,this paper conducts theoretical analysis and current situation analysis,and then proposes research hypotheses.Secondly,using spatial Dubin model and partial differential method,it empirically studies the impact of industrial structure advancement and rationalization on the urban-rural income gap.The results show that:(1)Both industrial structure and urban-rural income gap have significant spatial dependence;(2)The increase in the industrial structure rationalization will narrow the urban-rural income gap in local region,while its spillover effect on neighboring areas is not obvious.(3)The impact of the industrial structure advancement on the urban-rural income gap is not linear.It is first expanded and then narrowed.The industrial structure advancement in the Yangtze River Delta will generally narrow the urban-rural income gap at this stage.Finally,this paper put forward relevant suggestions.
基金Supported by Key National Social Science Fund Project(12AGL008)Humanities and Social Sciences Planning Fund Project of the Ministry of Education(2012JA79102)
文摘Based on the Chinese provincial panel data during the period 2003-2010,we conduct empirical test on whether China's rapidly rising prices of agricultural products narrow the urban-rural income gap.The empirical results indicate that the effects of rising agricultural prices on the urban-rural income gap show U shape:within some range of rise,the rising agricultural prices are conducive to narrowing the urban-rural income gap;when the rise is too sharp,it will widen the urban-rural income gap.In the multiple factors fueling the uptick in agricultural prices,rising labor costs in rural areas is an important factor,and the rising agricultural prices driven by this factor can significantly reduce the urban-rural income gap.Therefore,when the government regulates agricultural prices,there is a need to act according to the specific factors,and it should maintain certain"tolerance"for the modest rise in the agricultural prices that contributes to the increase in farmers'income,to avoid over-regulation at the expense of urban and rural residents'income convergence.
文摘Since the late 1970s, with the rapid growth of China’s economy, the income levels of both urban and rural residents have risen significantly, and their standard of living has fundamentally improved. However, a disparity in income growth between the two exists, and the disparities in relative and absolute income have experienced a period of long-term expansion, which has led to the long-time widening of the consumption gap. There are several indicators of these disparities: the proportion of urban and rural consumption compared to the national level, the changes measured by the Engel’s coefficient, residents’ possession of consumer durables in the countryside, etc. The expanding disparity in consumption between urban and rural residents is neither conducive to meeting aggregate domestic demand, nor to upgrading the industrial structure. In this regard, measures must be taken to curb the expanding urban and rural income gap, so as to help rural incomes grow more quickly and further promote China’s economic growth and social stability.
基金Supported by Major Humanities and Social Sciences Project of Southwest University(12XDSK002)Key Humanities and Social Sciences Project in Chongqing City(13SKB002)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in 2014(SWU1409321)
文摘As the gap in income between urban and rural residents bigger and bigger,based on the data from 1978 to 2007,this paper makes an empirical study of the dynamic relation between the fixed assets investment and the difference in income between urban and rural residents. The outcome from the study indicates a long-term balance exists between the investment rate of the fixed assets and the difference in income between urban and rural residents. A short-term deviation from the balance can be adjusted through long time. To a certain extent,city-oriented fixed assets investment policy is the main cause of the big gap in income between urban and rural residents. The big gap in income between urban and rural residents in turn reinforces their social status,thus further strengthening the city-oriented instead of countryside-oriented fixed assets investment policy. Based on that,this paper puts forward some suggestions on adjusting the fixed assets investment policy so as to shorten the difference in income between urban and rural residents and realize the goal of harmonious development between city and countryside.
基金Research into the Spatiotemporal Patterns and Driving Mechanisms of the Deep Integration between the Cultural and Tourism Industries in the Digital Era(Project No.:2024SJZD124)a major project for the philosophy and social sciences research of Jiangsu universities,and the Research on the Mechanism and Practical Pathways for the High-Quality Development of Jiangsu’s Digital Cultural Industry Driven by the Humanistic Economy(Project No.:24EYB006)a project under the Jiangsu Social Science Fund.
文摘Integrated urban-rural development is a crucial stage in the development of China’s urban-rural relations and is essential for Chinese modernization.In the digital era,the cultural tourism industry has the potential to promote integrated urban-rural development through multidimensional integration mechanisms,including cultural exchanges,resource sharing,and industrial linkages.Specifically,by innovating cultural tourism development models,the efficiency of labor allocation between urban and rural areas can be improved,fostering the transformation of rural cultural tourism and its related industries.By expanding the cultural tourism scenarios,new spaces for rural cultural consumption can be constructed,which would help to reduce urban and rural consumption disparities.By establishing cultural tourism development platforms and facilitating the sharing of data elements,the coordinated development of urban and rural public cultural services can be promoted,which would reduce the service gaps between urban and rural areas.By leveraging smart city construction to drive the development of the rural digital infrastructure,integrated urban-rural development,guided by a“digital+”approach,can then be fostered and help to reduce urban and rural development gaps.Building on this foundation,the digital transformation of cultural tourism will advance industrial linkages,resource sharing,factor mobility,and spatial co-creation within urban and rural cultural tourism,gradually realizing integrated urban-rural development and ultimately driving rural revitalization and fostering common prosperity.
基金the Research on the Original Contribution and Global Significance of the Concept of Community with a Shared Future for Mankind from a Historical Materialist Perspective(Project No.:20&ZD026)a major project of the National Social Science Foundation of China.
文摘Integrated urban-rural development is an inevitable choice for promoting Chinese modernization.High-quality integrated urban-rural development is essentially a practical response to the current multi-factor and multi-sectoral challenges in urban-rural relations,and plays an important role in implementing the new development philosophy,which promotes Chinese modernization.The theoretical logic supporting the function it plays in enabling Chinese modernization lies in the following aspects:it leverages the free flow of population and resources between urban and rural areas and thus facilitates the balanced development of China’s modernization;it advances the common prosperity of all people through its new type of urban-rural and industrial-agricultural relations;it fosters the coordinated development of the material and spiritual civilizations through the integration of urban and rural cultures;it promotes steering the modernization toward green development through the joint building and managing of the overall urban-rural ecosystem;and it drives modernization in a harmonious and stable direction through integrated urban-rural development.Currently,integrated urban-rural development still faces challenges such as restrictions on the two-way flow of factors,the low efficiency of industrial coordination and support,unequal access to public service facilities,and the insufficient use of land.Therefore,based on the strategic framework of urban-rural integrated development,it is necessary to continuously promote Chinese modernization through high-quality integrated urban-rural development from the perspectives of deepening institutional coordination,expanding the application of digital intelligence in urban and rural industries,optimizing public services,and improving land management.
基金supported by the High-Level Public Health Specialized Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Health Commission(YFH,2024-3-028)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(YFH,72061137007)SHV is supported,in part,by U.S.National Institutes of Health(P30CA016359).
文摘Background:Cervical and breast cancers are among the top 4 leading causes of cancer-related mortality in women.This study aimed to examine age-specific temporal trends in mortality for cervical and breast cancers in urban and rural areas of China from 2009 to 2021.Methods:Age-specific mortality data for cervical and breast cancers among Chinese women aged 20-84 years were obtained from China’s National Disease Surveillance Points system spanning the years 2009 to 2021.Negative binomial regression models were utilized to assess urban-rural differences in mortality rate ratios,while Joinpoint models with estimated average annual percent changes(AAPC)and slopes were employed to compare temporal trends and the acceleration of mortality rates within different age groups.Results:From 2009 to 2021,there was a relative increase in age-specific mortality associated with the two cancers observed in rural areas compared with urban areas.A rising trend in the screening age of 35-64[AAPC:4.0%,95%confidence interval(CI)0.5-7.6,P=0.026]for cervical cancer was noted in rural areas,while a stable trend(AAPC:-0.7%,95%CI-5.8 to 4.6,P=0.780)was observed in urban areas.As for breast cancer,a stable trend(AAPC:0.3%,95%CI-0.3 to 0.9,P=0.280)was observed in rural areas compared to a decreasing trend(AAPC:-2.7%,95%CI-4.6 to-0.7,P=0.007)in urban areas.Urban-rural differences in mortality rates increased over time for cervical cancer but decreased for breast cancer.Mortality trends for both cervical and breast cancers showed an increase with age across 4 segments,with the most significant surge in mortality observed among the 35-54 age group across urban and rural areas,periods,and regions in China.Conclusions:Special attention should be given to women aged 35-54 years due to mortality trends and rural-urban disparities.Focusing on vulnerable age groups and addressing rural-urban differences in the delivery of cancer control programs can enhance resource efficiency and promote health equity.
文摘This paper selects related data on the urbanization and the incomes of urban and rural residents in Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2014, applies the theory of co-integration by Eviews Software, meanwhile, studies and analyzes the population urbanization and the income gap between urban and rural residents in Jiangxi Province through establishing an index system. Results： There is a cause-and-effect relationship, as well as duality, between the urban-rural income gap and the level of population urbanization in Jiangxi Province. With continuous promotion of the urbanization course in 1990-2014, the income gap between urban and rural residents in Jiangxi Province presents a phenomenon of expanding first, narrowing second and expanding again.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos.XDB28000000 and XDB0460000)the Quantum Science and Technology-National Science and Technology Major Project (Grant No.2021ZD0302600)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2024YFA1409002)。
文摘The hybridization gap in strained-layer InAs/In_(x)Ga_(1−x) Sb quantum spin Hall insulators(QSHIs)is significantly enhanced compared to binary InAs/GaSb QSHI structures,where the typical indium composition,x,ranges between 0.2 and 0.4.This enhancement prompts a critical question:to what extent can quantum wells(QWs)be strained while still preserving the fundamental QSHI phase?In this study,we demonstrate the controlled molecular beam epitaxial growth of highly strained-layer QWs with an indium composition of x=0.5.These structures possess a substantial compressive strain within the In_(0.5)Ga_(0.5)Sb QW.Detailed crystal structure analyses confirm the exceptional quality of the resulting epitaxial films,indicating coherent lattice structures and the absence of visible dislocations.Transport measurements further reveal that the QSHI phase in InAs/In_(0.5)Ga_(0.5)Sb QWs is robust and protected by time-reversal symmetry.Notably,the edge states in these systems exhibit giant magnetoresistance when subjected to a modest perpendicular magnetic field.This behavior is in agreement with the𝑍2 topological property predicted by the Bernevig–Hughes–Zhang model,confirming the preservation of topologically protected edge transport in the presence of enhanced bulk strain.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12222413,12174443,12274459,and 12404266)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2023YFA1406500,2022YFA1403800,and 2022YFA1403103)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (Grant No.23ZR1482200)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo (Grant No.2024J019)the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department (Grant No.BJ2025060)the funding of Ningbo Yongjiang Talent Program。
文摘Superconducting elect rides have attracted growing attention for their potential to achieve high superconducting transition temperatures(T_(C))under pressure.However,many known elect rides are chemically reactive and unstable,making high-quality single-crystal growth,characterization,and measurements difficult,and most do not exhibit superconductivity at ambient pressure.In contrast,La_(3) In stands out for its ambient-pressure superconductivity(T_(C)∼9.4 K)and the availability of high-quality single crystals.Here,we investigate its low-energy electronic structure using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations.The bands near the Fermi energy(E_(F))are mainly derived from La 5d and In 5p orbitals.A saddle point is directly observed at the Brillouin zone(BZ)boundary,while a three-dimensional Van Hove singularity crosses E_(F) at the BZ corner.First-principles calculations further reveal topological Dirac surface states within the bulk energy gap above E_(F).The coexistence of a high density of states and in-gap topological surface states near𝐸F suggests that La3In offers a promising platform for tuning superconductivity and exploring possible topological superconducting phases through doping or external pressure.
基金supported by the Central China Normal University startup fund[grant numbers 3110122212631101222127].
文摘Human mobility survey data usually suffer from a lack of resources for validation.Epidemiological survey records,which are released to the public as a containment measure by local authorities,provide place visitation details validated by the authority.This study collected and analyzed the epidemiological survey reports published by local governments in the Chinese mainland,between January 2020 and November 2021.To reveal the mobility patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic across the urban-rural gradient in China’s mainland,we derived key mobility indicators from the epidemiological survey data from rural to megacities.We then applied exploratory factor analysis to identify latent factors that affected people’s mobility.We found that the pandemic poses varying impacts across the urban-rural gradient in the Chinese mainland,and the mobility patterns of middle and small cities are more influenced.Our results also showed that the pandemic did not enlarge gender gap in people’s mobility,as gender was not a significant driving factor for explaining people’s quantity of out-of-home activities as well as extent of life space,while age group and city levels were significant.Overall,we argue that the epidemiological survey data are valuable data sources for daily mobility modeling,especially for relevant studies to understand human mobility patterns during the pandemic.
文摘Environmental and ecological problems in the urban-rural integration were analyzed, characteristics of urban green space system introduced, such as excellent landscape eco-structure, distinctive historical and humanistic features, and diversified natural landscape resources, and also challenges pointed out. Evolution, overall spatial structure and conservation concept of conservation-minded urban green space system planning were elaborated, on the basis of which the evaluation system of conservation-minded urban green space system was studied, and it was proposed that mutual relationship between impact factors of compound value and qualitative evaluation factors should be taken into consideration as a whole in evaluating conservation effects of green space system. Quantitative evaluation indexes and qualitative evaluation measures were analyzed, an objective and precise evaluation system for the conservation-minded urban green space system was established by combining qualitative and quantitative analysis to improve ecological environment during the urbanization, and fully show planning concepts of conservation-minded green space system.
文摘The connotation of urban-rural integration,its construction courses,construction modes in China and abroad are introduced in this study,the problems emerging from the urban-rural integration practices are analyzed,and strategies for the urban-rural integration in China are proposed.
