Based on the recently quick-developing time-frequency analysis (TFA)technique and virtual instrument (VI) technique, a virtual instrument in characteristic analysis ofrotating machinery is researched and developed suc...Based on the recently quick-developing time-frequency analysis (TFA)technique and virtual instrument (VI) technique, a virtual instrument in characteristic analysis ofrotating machinery is researched and developed successfully. By utilizing instantaneous frequencyestimation (IFE) theoretics of TFA technique, and based on IFE of peak searching on thetime-frequency spectrum, order analysis (OA) functions is put forward and implemented, such as orderspectrum, order spectrum matrix, order tracking, order tracking filtering, and order componentextraction, etc. Unlike the home and abroad existing popular characteristic analyzers, which needkey phasing devices such as shaft encoder, phase-locked loop (PLL), phase-locked multiple frequency,tachometer, etc, to implement constant angle sampling directly or indirectly, whereas thisinstrument only uses the vibration signal of rotating machinery to carry out OA. This instrumentmakes up the shortage of these traditional instruments in analyzing the non-stationary signal ofrun-up and run-down process of rotating machinery. Therefore, it is a great breakthrough for theexisting order analyzers.展开更多
The attempt to represent a signal simultaneously in time and frequency domains is full of challenges. The recently proposed adaptive Fourier decomposition （AFD） offers a practical approach to solve this problem. Thi...The attempt to represent a signal simultaneously in time and frequency domains is full of challenges. The recently proposed adaptive Fourier decomposition （AFD） offers a practical approach to solve this problem. This paper presents the principles of the AFD based time-frequency analysis in three aspects： instantaneous frequency analysis, frequency spectrum analysis, and the spectrogram analysis. An experiment is conducted and compared with the Fourier transform in convergence rate and short-time Fourier transform in time-frequency distribution. The proposed approach performs better than both the Fourier transform and short-time Fourier transform.展开更多
A novel method of Doppler frequency extraction is proposed for Doppler radar scoring systems. The idea is that the time-frequency map can show how the Doppler frequency varies along the time-line, so the Doppler frequ...A novel method of Doppler frequency extraction is proposed for Doppler radar scoring systems. The idea is that the time-frequency map can show how the Doppler frequency varies along the time-line, so the Doppler frequency extraction becomes curve detection in the image-view. A set of morphological operations are used to implement curve detection. And a map fusion scheme is presented to eliminate the influence of strong direct current （DC） component of echo signal during curve detection. The radar real-life data are used to illustrate the performance of the new approach. Experimental results show that the proposed method can overcome the shortcomings of piecewise-processing-based FFT method and can improve the measuring precision of miss distance.展开更多
A method of time-frequency analysis (TFA) based on wavelets is applied to study the phase space structure of three-dimensional asymmetric triaxial galaxy enclosed by spherical dark halo component. The investigation is...A method of time-frequency analysis (TFA) based on wavelets is applied to study the phase space structure of three-dimensional asymmetric triaxial galaxy enclosed by spherical dark halo component. The investigation is carried out in the presence and absence of dark halo component. Time-frequency analysis is based on the extraction of instantaneous frequency from the phase of the continuous wavelet transform. This method is comparatively fast and reliable. This method can differentiate periodic from quasi-periodic, chaotic sticky from chaotic non-sticky, ordered from chaotic and also, it can accurately determine the time interval of the resonance trapping and transitions too. Apart from that, the phenomenon of transient chaos can be explained with the help of time-frequency analysis. Comparison with the method of total angular momentum (denoted as Ltot) proposed recently is also presented.展开更多
This paper provides the results of using ground penetrating radar (GPR) method to detect hydrocarbon products (diesel and gasoline) in a controlled lab test. The work addresses the environmental problem generated by t...This paper provides the results of using ground penetrating radar (GPR) method to detect hydrocarbon products (diesel and gasoline) in a controlled lab test. The work addresses the environmental problem generated by the uncontrolled leakage of hydrocarbon product</span><span style="font-family:"">s</span><span style="font-family:""> and the subsequent contamination </span><span style="font-family:"">of </span><span style="font-family:"">plumes in the subsoil. Most of the research propose</span><span style="font-family:"">s</span><span style="font-family:""> the geophysical techniques to evaluate the plumes but some controversial were discussed on how i</span><span style="font-family:"">t</span><span style="font-family:""> affected the electrical and dielectric response depending on the excitation of the non-invasive method. The present work focuses </span><span style="font-family:"">on</span><span style="font-family:""> a comparative analysis of some signal attributes of the GPR traces to determine under what premises the detection is properly done. These signal attributes were from the time and frequency domain as attenuation coefficient, instantaneous amplitude and frequency have been considered to analyze three different soil samples. The laboratory tests consist of buried liquid (total hydrocarbon of petroleum</span><span style="font-family:"">, </span><span style="font-family:"">so called TPH) bags in the soil sample boxes reveal</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:"">the range of target detection and consistency of data on </span><span style="font-family:"">the </span><span style="font-family:"">controlled test regarding the dielectric soil characterization and the delimiting position and depth. Instantaneous amplitude and time-frequency shift are revealed as promising signal attributes to accura</span><span style="font-family:"">te</span><span style="font-family:""> detection of the TPH presence. Numerical simulation data were also carried out to interpret the signal reflections on radargrams and to confirm experimental trends and the benefits of us</span><span style="font-family:"">ing</span><span style="font-family:""> the above signal attributes in time-frequency domain.展开更多
In order to detect and assess the muscle fatigue state with the surface electromyography(sEMG) characteristic parameters,this paper carried out a series of isometric contraction experiments to induce the fatigue on th...In order to detect and assess the muscle fatigue state with the surface electromyography(sEMG) characteristic parameters,this paper carried out a series of isometric contraction experiments to induce the fatigue on the forearm muscles from four subjects,and recorded the sEMG signals of the flexor carpi ulnaris.sEMG's median frequency(MDF) and mean frequency(MF) were extracted by short term Fourier transform(STFT),and the root mean square(RMS) of wavelet coefficients in the frequency band of 5—45 Hz was obtained by continuous wavelet transform(CWT).The results demonstrate that both MDF and MF show downward trends within 1 min; however,RMS shows an upward trend within the same time.The three parameters are closely correlated with absolute values of mean correlation coefficients greater than 0.8.It is suggested that the three parameters above can be used as reliable indicators to evaluate the level of muscle fatigue during isometric contractions.展开更多
Blade-health monitoring is intensely required for turbomachinery because of the high failure risk of rotating blades.Blade-Tip Timing(BTT)is considered as the most promising technique for operational blade-vibration m...Blade-health monitoring is intensely required for turbomachinery because of the high failure risk of rotating blades.Blade-Tip Timing(BTT)is considered as the most promising technique for operational blade-vibration monitoring,which obtains the parameters that characterize the blade condition from recorded signals.However,its application is hindered by severe undersampling and stringent probe layouts.An inappropriate probe layout can make most of the existing methods invalid or inaccurate.Additionally,a general conflict arises between the allowed and required layouts because of arrangement restrictions.For the sake of economy and safety,parameter identification based on fewer probes has been preferred by users.In this work,a spatial-transformation-based method for parameter identification is proposed based on a single-probe BTT measurement.To present the general Sampling-Aliasing Frequency(SAFE)map definition,the traditional time-frequency analysis methods are extended to a time-sampling frequency.Then,a SAFE map is projected onto a parameter space using spatial transformation to extract the slope and intercept parameters,which can be physically interpreted as an engine order and a natural frequency using coordinate transformation.Finally,the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method are verified by simulations and experiments under uniformly and nonuniformly variable speed conditions.展开更多
The demodulation algorithm for AM-FM sinusoids proposed in reference[1]canonly deal with complex exponential sequences.In real applications,one needs to con-struct an analytic signal from real samples.Influenced by th...The demodulation algorithm for AM-FM sinusoids proposed in reference[1]canonly deal with complex exponential sequences.In real applications,one needs to con-struct an analytic signal from real samples.Influenced by the Hilbert Transformation,thecomplex noise in the analytic signal is colored.This paper analyzes the colored noise andthe disadvantage caused by the noise in the estimations of the instantaneous frequencyand amplitude factor using the algorithm in[1]and formulates a practical algorithm.展开更多
Because the existing range-Doppler algorithm in inverse synthetic aperture sonar (ISAS) is based on target model of uniform motion, it may be invalidated for maneuvering targets due to the time-varying changes of both...Because the existing range-Doppler algorithm in inverse synthetic aperture sonar (ISAS) is based on target model of uniform motion, it may be invalidated for maneuvering targets due to the time-varying changes of both individual scatter′s Doppler and imaging projection plane. To resolve the problem, a new range-instantaneous Doppler imaging method is proposed for imaging maneuvering targets based on time-frequency analysis. The proposed approach is verified using real underwater acoustic data.展开更多
A microwave photonic prototype for concurrent radar detection and spectrum sensing is proposed.A direct digital synthesizer and an analog electronic circuit are integrated to generate an intermediate frequency(IF)line...A microwave photonic prototype for concurrent radar detection and spectrum sensing is proposed.A direct digital synthesizer and an analog electronic circuit are integrated to generate an intermediate frequency(IF)linearly frequency-modulated(LFM)signal ranging from 2.5 to 9.5 GHz,with an instantaneous bandwidth of 1 GHz.The IF LFM signal is converted to the optical domain via an intensity modulator and filtered by a fiber Bragg grating to generate two second-order sidebands.The two sidebands beat each other to generate a frequency-and-bandwidth-quadrupled LFM signal.By changing the center frequency of the IF LFM signal,the radar function can be operated within 8 to 40 GHz.One second-order sideband works in conjunction with the stimulated Brillouin scattering gain spectrum for microwave frequency measurement,providing an instantaneous measurement bandwidth of 2 GHz and a frequency measurement range from 0 to 40 GHz.The prototype is demonstrated to be capable of achieving a range resolution of 3.75 cm,a range error of less than ±2 cm,a radial velocity error within ±1 cm∕s,delivering clear imaging of multiple small targets,and maintaining a frequency measurement error of less than ±7 MHz and a frequency resolution of better than 20 MHz.展开更多
为解决局部最大同步挤压变换算法识别的频率精度不足及频带能量发散的问题,提出一种改进算法并将之命名为改进局部最大同步挤压变换方法(improved local maximum synchrosqueezing transform,ILMSST)。该方法首先对瞬时频率(instantaneo...为解决局部最大同步挤压变换算法识别的频率精度不足及频带能量发散的问题,提出一种改进算法并将之命名为改进局部最大同步挤压变换方法(improved local maximum synchrosqueezing transform,ILMSST)。该方法首先对瞬时频率(instantaneous freguency,IF)位置进行多次迭代,从而获得更高精度的瞬时频率位置。其次,搜索短时傅里叶系数模极大值的位置并上下平移该位置,得到初步估算的频带并将频带外的短时傅里叶系数归零。最后,搜索频率方向上短时傅里叶系数的局部最大值所对应的瞬时频率位置,根据这些位置对时频系数进行重排,进而得到细化的瞬时频带。通过2组数值算例、1个7层钢筋混凝土剪力墙振动台试验和1个时变拉索试验验证了所提新方法的有效性,研究结果表明:相比现有的局部最大同步挤压变换方法,改进算法不仅提高了瞬时频率的估算精度,而且改善了响应信号瞬时频带的时频聚集性。展开更多
文摘Based on the recently quick-developing time-frequency analysis (TFA)technique and virtual instrument (VI) technique, a virtual instrument in characteristic analysis ofrotating machinery is researched and developed successfully. By utilizing instantaneous frequencyestimation (IFE) theoretics of TFA technique, and based on IFE of peak searching on thetime-frequency spectrum, order analysis (OA) functions is put forward and implemented, such as orderspectrum, order spectrum matrix, order tracking, order tracking filtering, and order componentextraction, etc. Unlike the home and abroad existing popular characteristic analyzers, which needkey phasing devices such as shaft encoder, phase-locked loop (PLL), phase-locked multiple frequency,tachometer, etc, to implement constant angle sampling directly or indirectly, whereas thisinstrument only uses the vibration signal of rotating machinery to carry out OA. This instrumentmakes up the shortage of these traditional instruments in analyzing the non-stationary signal ofrun-up and run-down process of rotating machinery. Therefore, it is a great breakthrough for theexisting order analyzers.
基金supported by the UM Multi-Year Research Grant under Grant No.MYRG144(Y3-L2)-FST11-ZLM
文摘The attempt to represent a signal simultaneously in time and frequency domains is full of challenges. The recently proposed adaptive Fourier decomposition （AFD） offers a practical approach to solve this problem. This paper presents the principles of the AFD based time-frequency analysis in three aspects： instantaneous frequency analysis, frequency spectrum analysis, and the spectrogram analysis. An experiment is conducted and compared with the Fourier transform in convergence rate and short-time Fourier transform in time-frequency distribution. The proposed approach performs better than both the Fourier transform and short-time Fourier transform.
基金the Ministerial Level Advanced Research Foundation(020045089)
文摘A novel method of Doppler frequency extraction is proposed for Doppler radar scoring systems. The idea is that the time-frequency map can show how the Doppler frequency varies along the time-line, so the Doppler frequency extraction becomes curve detection in the image-view. A set of morphological operations are used to implement curve detection. And a map fusion scheme is presented to eliminate the influence of strong direct current （DC） component of echo signal during curve detection. The radar real-life data are used to illustrate the performance of the new approach. Experimental results show that the proposed method can overcome the shortcomings of piecewise-processing-based FFT method and can improve the measuring precision of miss distance.
文摘A method of time-frequency analysis (TFA) based on wavelets is applied to study the phase space structure of three-dimensional asymmetric triaxial galaxy enclosed by spherical dark halo component. The investigation is carried out in the presence and absence of dark halo component. Time-frequency analysis is based on the extraction of instantaneous frequency from the phase of the continuous wavelet transform. This method is comparatively fast and reliable. This method can differentiate periodic from quasi-periodic, chaotic sticky from chaotic non-sticky, ordered from chaotic and also, it can accurately determine the time interval of the resonance trapping and transitions too. Apart from that, the phenomenon of transient chaos can be explained with the help of time-frequency analysis. Comparison with the method of total angular momentum (denoted as Ltot) proposed recently is also presented.
文摘This paper provides the results of using ground penetrating radar (GPR) method to detect hydrocarbon products (diesel and gasoline) in a controlled lab test. The work addresses the environmental problem generated by the uncontrolled leakage of hydrocarbon product</span><span style="font-family:"">s</span><span style="font-family:""> and the subsequent contamination </span><span style="font-family:"">of </span><span style="font-family:"">plumes in the subsoil. Most of the research propose</span><span style="font-family:"">s</span><span style="font-family:""> the geophysical techniques to evaluate the plumes but some controversial were discussed on how i</span><span style="font-family:"">t</span><span style="font-family:""> affected the electrical and dielectric response depending on the excitation of the non-invasive method. The present work focuses </span><span style="font-family:"">on</span><span style="font-family:""> a comparative analysis of some signal attributes of the GPR traces to determine under what premises the detection is properly done. These signal attributes were from the time and frequency domain as attenuation coefficient, instantaneous amplitude and frequency have been considered to analyze three different soil samples. The laboratory tests consist of buried liquid (total hydrocarbon of petroleum</span><span style="font-family:"">, </span><span style="font-family:"">so called TPH) bags in the soil sample boxes reveal</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:"">the range of target detection and consistency of data on </span><span style="font-family:"">the </span><span style="font-family:"">controlled test regarding the dielectric soil characterization and the delimiting position and depth. Instantaneous amplitude and time-frequency shift are revealed as promising signal attributes to accura</span><span style="font-family:"">te</span><span style="font-family:""> detection of the TPH presence. Numerical simulation data were also carried out to interpret the signal reflections on radargrams and to confirm experimental trends and the benefits of us</span><span style="font-family:"">ing</span><span style="font-family:""> the above signal attributes in time-frequency domain.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81222021 and No.31011130042)the National Key Technology R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2012BAI34B02)
文摘In order to detect and assess the muscle fatigue state with the surface electromyography(sEMG) characteristic parameters,this paper carried out a series of isometric contraction experiments to induce the fatigue on the forearm muscles from four subjects,and recorded the sEMG signals of the flexor carpi ulnaris.sEMG's median frequency(MDF) and mean frequency(MF) were extracted by short term Fourier transform(STFT),and the root mean square(RMS) of wavelet coefficients in the frequency band of 5—45 Hz was obtained by continuous wavelet transform(CWT).The results demonstrate that both MDF and MF show downward trends within 1 min; however,RMS shows an upward trend within the same time.The three parameters are closely correlated with absolute values of mean correlation coefficients greater than 0.8.It is suggested that the three parameters above can be used as reliable indicators to evaluate the level of muscle fatigue during isometric contractions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFB2010800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51875433 and 92060302)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2019KJXX-043,2021JC-04)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Foundation of Beilin District,China(No.GX2029)。
文摘Blade-health monitoring is intensely required for turbomachinery because of the high failure risk of rotating blades.Blade-Tip Timing(BTT)is considered as the most promising technique for operational blade-vibration monitoring,which obtains the parameters that characterize the blade condition from recorded signals.However,its application is hindered by severe undersampling and stringent probe layouts.An inappropriate probe layout can make most of the existing methods invalid or inaccurate.Additionally,a general conflict arises between the allowed and required layouts because of arrangement restrictions.For the sake of economy and safety,parameter identification based on fewer probes has been preferred by users.In this work,a spatial-transformation-based method for parameter identification is proposed based on a single-probe BTT measurement.To present the general Sampling-Aliasing Frequency(SAFE)map definition,the traditional time-frequency analysis methods are extended to a time-sampling frequency.Then,a SAFE map is projected onto a parameter space using spatial transformation to extract the slope and intercept parameters,which can be physically interpreted as an engine order and a natural frequency using coordinate transformation.Finally,the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method are verified by simulations and experiments under uniformly and nonuniformly variable speed conditions.
文摘The demodulation algorithm for AM-FM sinusoids proposed in reference[1]canonly deal with complex exponential sequences.In real applications,one needs to con-struct an analytic signal from real samples.Influenced by the Hilbert Transformation,thecomplex noise in the analytic signal is colored.This paper analyzes the colored noise andthe disadvantage caused by the noise in the estimations of the instantaneous frequencyand amplitude factor using the algorithm in[1]and formulates a practical algorithm.
文摘Because the existing range-Doppler algorithm in inverse synthetic aperture sonar (ISAS) is based on target model of uniform motion, it may be invalidated for maneuvering targets due to the time-varying changes of both individual scatter′s Doppler and imaging projection plane. To resolve the problem, a new range-instantaneous Doppler imaging method is proposed for imaging maneuvering targets based on time-frequency analysis. The proposed approach is verified using real underwater acoustic data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62371191 and 62401207)the Space Optoelectronic Measurement and Perception Laboratory,Beijing Institute of Control Engineering(Grant No.LabSOMP-2023-05)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024M764276)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.22DZ2229004).
文摘A microwave photonic prototype for concurrent radar detection and spectrum sensing is proposed.A direct digital synthesizer and an analog electronic circuit are integrated to generate an intermediate frequency(IF)linearly frequency-modulated(LFM)signal ranging from 2.5 to 9.5 GHz,with an instantaneous bandwidth of 1 GHz.The IF LFM signal is converted to the optical domain via an intensity modulator and filtered by a fiber Bragg grating to generate two second-order sidebands.The two sidebands beat each other to generate a frequency-and-bandwidth-quadrupled LFM signal.By changing the center frequency of the IF LFM signal,the radar function can be operated within 8 to 40 GHz.One second-order sideband works in conjunction with the stimulated Brillouin scattering gain spectrum for microwave frequency measurement,providing an instantaneous measurement bandwidth of 2 GHz and a frequency measurement range from 0 to 40 GHz.The prototype is demonstrated to be capable of achieving a range resolution of 3.75 cm,a range error of less than ±2 cm,a radial velocity error within ±1 cm∕s,delivering clear imaging of multiple small targets,and maintaining a frequency measurement error of less than ±7 MHz and a frequency resolution of better than 20 MHz.
文摘为解决局部最大同步挤压变换算法识别的频率精度不足及频带能量发散的问题,提出一种改进算法并将之命名为改进局部最大同步挤压变换方法(improved local maximum synchrosqueezing transform,ILMSST)。该方法首先对瞬时频率(instantaneous freguency,IF)位置进行多次迭代,从而获得更高精度的瞬时频率位置。其次,搜索短时傅里叶系数模极大值的位置并上下平移该位置,得到初步估算的频带并将频带外的短时傅里叶系数归零。最后,搜索频率方向上短时傅里叶系数的局部最大值所对应的瞬时频率位置,根据这些位置对时频系数进行重排,进而得到细化的瞬时频带。通过2组数值算例、1个7层钢筋混凝土剪力墙振动台试验和1个时变拉索试验验证了所提新方法的有效性,研究结果表明:相比现有的局部最大同步挤压变换方法,改进算法不仅提高了瞬时频率的估算精度,而且改善了响应信号瞬时频带的时频聚集性。
