This paper introduces a novel and efficient algorithm for online estimation of zero-effortmiss and time-to-go based on data driven method.Only missile-target separations are utilized to construct the estimation models...This paper introduces a novel and efficient algorithm for online estimation of zero-effortmiss and time-to-go based on data driven method.Only missile-target separations are utilized to construct the estimation models,and a practical Fisher fusion algorithm is derived to acquire the estimates with high accuracy and computational efficiency.Further,the two parameters can be online estimated at a particular time.Meanwhile,the kinematics equations of the missile-target engagement are independent,and assumptions of the missile guidance system dynamics and behaviors of the missile and target are completely out of consideration.Moreover,the effectiveness and applicability are explicitly verified through various simulation scenarios.展开更多
When used for separating multi-component non-stationary signals, the adaptive time-varying filter(ATF) based on multi-scale chirplet sparse signal decomposition(MCSSD) generates phase shift and signal distortion. To o...When used for separating multi-component non-stationary signals, the adaptive time-varying filter(ATF) based on multi-scale chirplet sparse signal decomposition(MCSSD) generates phase shift and signal distortion. To overcome this drawback, the zero phase filter is introduced to the mentioned filter, and a fault diagnosis method for speed-changing gearbox is proposed. Firstly, the gear meshing frequency of each gearbox is estimated by chirplet path pursuit. Then, according to the estimated gear meshing frequencies, an adaptive zero phase time-varying filter(AZPTF) is designed to filter the original signal. Finally, the basis for fault diagnosis is acquired by the envelope order analysis to the filtered signal. The signal consisting of two time-varying amplitude modulation and frequency modulation(AM-FM) signals is respectively analyzed by ATF and AZPTF based on MCSSD. The simulation results show the variances between the original signals and the filtered signals yielded by AZPTF based on MCSSD are 13.67 and 41.14, which are far less than variances (323.45 and 482.86) between the original signals and the filtered signals obtained by ATF based on MCSSD. The experiment results on the vibration signals of gearboxes indicate that the vibration signals of the two speed-changing gearboxes installed on one foundation bed can be separated by AZPTF effectively. Based on the demodulation information of the vibration signal of each gearbox, the fault diagnosis can be implemented. Both simulation and experiment examples prove that the proposed filter can extract a mono-component time-varying AM-FM signal from the multi-component time-varying AM-FM signal without distortion.展开更多
Zero-energy state is investigated by taking infinitesimal energy and observing its uncertainty in space-time, adopting quantum mechanics. In this paper, the uncertainty in conventional quantum mechanics is found to be...Zero-energy state is investigated by taking infinitesimal energy and observing its uncertainty in space-time, adopting quantum mechanics. In this paper, the uncertainty in conventional quantum mechanics is found to be interpreted as freedom in space-time, which results in possibility of time travel and space transition of the zero-energy state, which could be information or mind. The wave function of a physical system composed of multiple particles or wave-packets is examined and found that it can be arbitrarily changed by grouping by observers. It leads to an idea that even infinitesimal energy or wave-packets in a heavy physical system may separately exist and it has the infinite freedom of space-time.展开更多
The notions of decoupling zeros of positive discrete-time linear systems are introduced. The relationships between the decoupling zeros of standard and positive discrete-time linear systems are analyzed. It is shown t...The notions of decoupling zeros of positive discrete-time linear systems are introduced. The relationships between the decoupling zeros of standard and positive discrete-time linear systems are analyzed. It is shown that: 1) if the positive system has decoupling zeros then the corresponding standard system has also decoupling zeros, 2) the positive system may not have decoupling zeros when the corresponding standard system has decoupling zeros, 3) the positive and standard systems have the same decoupling zeros if the rank of reachability (observability) matrix is equal to the number of linearly independent monomial columns (rows) and some additional assumptions are satisfied.展开更多
There are a few studies that focus on solution methods for finding a Nash equilibrium of zero-sum games. We discuss the use of Karmarkar’s interior point method to solve the Nash equilibrium problems of a zero-sum ga...There are a few studies that focus on solution methods for finding a Nash equilibrium of zero-sum games. We discuss the use of Karmarkar’s interior point method to solve the Nash equilibrium problems of a zero-sum game, and prove that it is theoretically a polynomial time algorithm. We implement the Karmarkar method, and a preliminary computational result shows that it performs well for zero-sum games. We also mention an affine scaling method that would help us compute Nash equilibria of general zero-sum games effectively.展开更多
Nowadays, distributed optimization algorithms are widely used in various complex networks. In order to expand the theory of distributed optimization algorithms in the direction of directed graph, the distributed conve...Nowadays, distributed optimization algorithms are widely used in various complex networks. In order to expand the theory of distributed optimization algorithms in the direction of directed graph, the distributed convex optimization problem with time-varying delays and switching topologies in the case of directed graph topology is studied. The event-triggered communication mechanism is adopted, that is, the communication between agents is determined by the trigger conditions, and the information exchange is carried out only when the conditions are met. Compared with continuous communication, this greatly saves network resources and reduces communication cost. Using Lyapunov-Krasovskii function method and inequality analysis, a new sufficient condition is proposed to ensure that the agent state finally reaches the optimal state. The upper bound of the maximum allowable delay is given. In addition, Zeno behavior will be proved not to exist during the operation of the algorithm. Finally, a simulation example is given to illustrate the correctness of the results in this paper.展开更多
Pulse-like ground motions are capable of inflicting significant damage to structures. Efficient classification of pulse-like ground motion is of great importance when performing the seismic assessment in near-fault re...Pulse-like ground motions are capable of inflicting significant damage to structures. Efficient classification of pulse-like ground motion is of great importance when performing the seismic assessment in near-fault regions. In this study, a new method for identifying the velocity pulses is proposed, based on different trends of two parameters: the short-time energy and the short-time zero crossing rate of a ground motion record. A new pulse indicator, the relative energy zero ratio(REZR), is defined to qualitatively identify pulse-like features. The threshold for pulse-like ground motions is derived and compared with two other identification methods through statistical analysis. The proposed procedure not only shows good accuracy and efficiency when identifying pulse-like ground motions but also exhibits good performance for classifying records with high-frequency noise and discontinuous pulses. The REZR method does not require a waveform formula to express and fit the potential velocity pulses;it is a purely signal-based classification method. Finally, the proposed procedure is used to evaluate the contribution of pulse-like motions to the total input energy of a seismic record, which dramatically increases the seismic damage potential.展开更多
近年来,科研论文的合著现象及其与论文影响力之间的关系受到广泛关注。本文以1997—2013年Financial Times TOP 45商学院国际期刊论文为研究对象,对作者数量与论文被引(高被引还是零被引)之间的关系进行实证研究,从论文影响力方面揭示...近年来,科研论文的合著现象及其与论文影响力之间的关系受到广泛关注。本文以1997—2013年Financial Times TOP 45商学院国际期刊论文为研究对象,对作者数量与论文被引(高被引还是零被引)之间的关系进行实证研究,从论文影响力方面揭示商学领域是否存在最佳科研合作规模。研究发现:①与单独作者相比,多作者合作对论文总被引频次具有显著的正向影响,而且多作者合作论文成为高被引的概率更高,而成为零被引的概率更低;②作者数量与论文总被引频次之间存在显著的倒U形关系;进一步研究发现,作者数量与高被引论文概率呈倒U形关系,而与零被引论文概率呈正U形关系,且转折点均约为3人,表明商学领域存在使论文成为高被引而避免成为零被引的最佳合作规模;③分时间阶段实证结果表明,基于高被引和零被引的论文最佳合作规模逐步由2~3人增加至3~4人。展开更多
The output of charge sensitive amplifier(CSA) is a negative exponential signal with long decay time which will result in undershoot after C-R differentiator.Pole-zero cancellation(PZC) circuit is often applied to elim...The output of charge sensitive amplifier(CSA) is a negative exponential signal with long decay time which will result in undershoot after C-R differentiator.Pole-zero cancellation(PZC) circuit is often applied to eliminate undershoot in many radiation detectors.However,it is difficult to use a zero created by PZC circuit to cancel a pole in CSA output signal accurately because of the influences of electronic components inherent error and environmental factors.A novel recursive model for PZC circuit is presented based on Kirchhoff's Current Law(KCL) in this paper.The model is established by numerical differentiation algorithm between the input and the output signal.Some simulation experiments for a negative exponential signal are carried out using Visual Basic for Application(VBA) program and a real x-ray signal is also tested.Simulated results show that the recursive model can reduce the time constant of input signal and eliminate undershoot.展开更多
This article broadens terminology and approaches that continue to advance time modelling within a relationalist framework. Time is modeled as a single dimension, flowing continuously through independent privileged poi...This article broadens terminology and approaches that continue to advance time modelling within a relationalist framework. Time is modeled as a single dimension, flowing continuously through independent privileged points. Introduced as absolute point-time, abstract continuous time is a backdrop for concrete relational-based time that is finite and discrete, bound to the limits of a real-world system. We discuss how discrete signals at a point are used to temporally anchor zero-temporal points [t = 0] in linear time. Object-oriented temporal line elements, flanked by temporal point elements, have a proportional geometric identity quantifiable by a standard unit system and can be mapped on a natural number line. Durations, line elements, are divisible into ordered unit ratio elements using ancient timekeeping formulas. The divisional structure provides temporal classes for rotational (Rt24t) and orbital (Rt18) sample periods, as well as a more general temporal class (Rt12) applicable to either sample or frame periods. We introduce notation for additive cyclic counts of sample periods, including divisional units, for calendar-like formatting. For system modeling, unit structures with dihedral symmetry, group order, and numerical order are shown to be applicable to Euclidean modelling. We introduce new functions for bijective and non-bijective mapping, modular arithmetic for cyclic-based time counts, and a novel formula relating to a subgroup of Pythagorean triples, preserving dihedral n-polygon symmetries. This article presents a new approach to model time in a relationalistic framework.展开更多
The zero-voltage quasi-resonant boost switching DC-DC converter has been inves-tigated by using the time averaging equivalent circuit approach of periodically switching linearnetworks.The DC steady state and AC small ...The zero-voltage quasi-resonant boost switching DC-DC converter has been inves-tigated by using the time averaging equivalent circuit approach of periodically switching linearnetworks.The DC steady state and AC small signal characteristics of the converter are also given.展开更多
为降低现有列车网络控制系统(train control and management system,TCMS)端到端时延、抖动不确定性对列车控制功能时间确定性的影响,提高列车控制功能迭代效率,基于下一代列车网络控制系统(next generation TCMS,NG-TCMS),提出通信与...为降低现有列车网络控制系统(train control and management system,TCMS)端到端时延、抖动不确定性对列车控制功能时间确定性的影响,提高列车控制功能迭代效率,基于下一代列车网络控制系统(next generation TCMS,NG-TCMS),提出通信与计算资源联合调度模型,将端到端确定性从网络层延伸至列车控制功能。首先,结合NG-TCMS中时间敏感网络提供的全局统一时间基准,将列车控制功能拆分为具有依赖关系的状态采集、逻辑计算、数据转发、命令执行任务,并通过有向无环图进行形式化。以最小化执行时间为调度目标,分别通过一阶逻辑约束转化为可满足性模理论(satisfiability modulo theories,SMT)问题进行最优求解,以及抽象为整数线性规划(integer linear programming,ILP)问题进行最优求解。同时,提出基于任务松弛度和抖动继承值的快速求解方法,将一次性求解所有任务的大规模调度转化为迭代求解单任务或双任务的小规模调度,以解决控制功能数量陡增导致调度问题复杂度激增,SMT方法和ILP方法难以快速求解的问题。最后,参考CR450动车组列车控制功能设计算例,以30 min为求解时间上限,分析SMT方法、ILP方法、快速求解方法在求解时间与所得调度方案资源利用率方面的性能差异。结果表明,快速求解方法能在20 min内完成1000个含零抖动和抖动约束的控制功能调度,高效调度系统资源,满足NG-TCMS快速迭代需求。研究结果可为基于NG-TCMS构建具有端到端时间确定性的列车网络控制功能及任务调度方法提供参考。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71571190)
文摘This paper introduces a novel and efficient algorithm for online estimation of zero-effortmiss and time-to-go based on data driven method.Only missile-target separations are utilized to construct the estimation models,and a practical Fisher fusion algorithm is derived to acquire the estimates with high accuracy and computational efficiency.Further,the two parameters can be online estimated at a particular time.Meanwhile,the kinematics equations of the missile-target engagement are independent,and assumptions of the missile guidance system dynamics and behaviors of the missile and target are completely out of consideration.Moreover,the effectiveness and applicability are explicitly verified through various simulation scenarios.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 71271078)National Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, Grant No. 2009AA04Z414)Integration of Industry, Education and Research of Guangdong Province, and Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 2009B090300312)
文摘When used for separating multi-component non-stationary signals, the adaptive time-varying filter(ATF) based on multi-scale chirplet sparse signal decomposition(MCSSD) generates phase shift and signal distortion. To overcome this drawback, the zero phase filter is introduced to the mentioned filter, and a fault diagnosis method for speed-changing gearbox is proposed. Firstly, the gear meshing frequency of each gearbox is estimated by chirplet path pursuit. Then, according to the estimated gear meshing frequencies, an adaptive zero phase time-varying filter(AZPTF) is designed to filter the original signal. Finally, the basis for fault diagnosis is acquired by the envelope order analysis to the filtered signal. The signal consisting of two time-varying amplitude modulation and frequency modulation(AM-FM) signals is respectively analyzed by ATF and AZPTF based on MCSSD. The simulation results show the variances between the original signals and the filtered signals yielded by AZPTF based on MCSSD are 13.67 and 41.14, which are far less than variances (323.45 and 482.86) between the original signals and the filtered signals obtained by ATF based on MCSSD. The experiment results on the vibration signals of gearboxes indicate that the vibration signals of the two speed-changing gearboxes installed on one foundation bed can be separated by AZPTF effectively. Based on the demodulation information of the vibration signal of each gearbox, the fault diagnosis can be implemented. Both simulation and experiment examples prove that the proposed filter can extract a mono-component time-varying AM-FM signal from the multi-component time-varying AM-FM signal without distortion.
文摘Zero-energy state is investigated by taking infinitesimal energy and observing its uncertainty in space-time, adopting quantum mechanics. In this paper, the uncertainty in conventional quantum mechanics is found to be interpreted as freedom in space-time, which results in possibility of time travel and space transition of the zero-energy state, which could be information or mind. The wave function of a physical system composed of multiple particles or wave-packets is examined and found that it can be arbitrarily changed by grouping by observers. It leads to an idea that even infinitesimal energy or wave-packets in a heavy physical system may separately exist and it has the infinite freedom of space-time.
文摘The notions of decoupling zeros of positive discrete-time linear systems are introduced. The relationships between the decoupling zeros of standard and positive discrete-time linear systems are analyzed. It is shown that: 1) if the positive system has decoupling zeros then the corresponding standard system has also decoupling zeros, 2) the positive system may not have decoupling zeros when the corresponding standard system has decoupling zeros, 3) the positive and standard systems have the same decoupling zeros if the rank of reachability (observability) matrix is equal to the number of linearly independent monomial columns (rows) and some additional assumptions are satisfied.
文摘There are a few studies that focus on solution methods for finding a Nash equilibrium of zero-sum games. We discuss the use of Karmarkar’s interior point method to solve the Nash equilibrium problems of a zero-sum game, and prove that it is theoretically a polynomial time algorithm. We implement the Karmarkar method, and a preliminary computational result shows that it performs well for zero-sum games. We also mention an affine scaling method that would help us compute Nash equilibria of general zero-sum games effectively.
文摘Nowadays, distributed optimization algorithms are widely used in various complex networks. In order to expand the theory of distributed optimization algorithms in the direction of directed graph, the distributed convex optimization problem with time-varying delays and switching topologies in the case of directed graph topology is studied. The event-triggered communication mechanism is adopted, that is, the communication between agents is determined by the trigger conditions, and the information exchange is carried out only when the conditions are met. Compared with continuous communication, this greatly saves network resources and reduces communication cost. Using Lyapunov-Krasovskii function method and inequality analysis, a new sufficient condition is proposed to ensure that the agent state finally reaches the optimal state. The upper bound of the maximum allowable delay is given. In addition, Zeno behavior will be proved not to exist during the operation of the algorithm. Finally, a simulation example is given to illustrate the correctness of the results in this paper.
基金Supported by:National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.51378341,51427901 and 51678407National Key Research and Development Program under Grant No.2016YFC0701108
文摘Pulse-like ground motions are capable of inflicting significant damage to structures. Efficient classification of pulse-like ground motion is of great importance when performing the seismic assessment in near-fault regions. In this study, a new method for identifying the velocity pulses is proposed, based on different trends of two parameters: the short-time energy and the short-time zero crossing rate of a ground motion record. A new pulse indicator, the relative energy zero ratio(REZR), is defined to qualitatively identify pulse-like features. The threshold for pulse-like ground motions is derived and compared with two other identification methods through statistical analysis. The proposed procedure not only shows good accuracy and efficiency when identifying pulse-like ground motions but also exhibits good performance for classifying records with high-frequency noise and discontinuous pulses. The REZR method does not require a waveform formula to express and fit the potential velocity pulses;it is a purely signal-based classification method. Finally, the proposed procedure is used to evaluate the contribution of pulse-like motions to the total input energy of a seismic record, which dramatically increases the seismic damage potential.
文摘近年来,科研论文的合著现象及其与论文影响力之间的关系受到广泛关注。本文以1997—2013年Financial Times TOP 45商学院国际期刊论文为研究对象,对作者数量与论文被引(高被引还是零被引)之间的关系进行实证研究,从论文影响力方面揭示商学领域是否存在最佳科研合作规模。研究发现:①与单独作者相比,多作者合作对论文总被引频次具有显著的正向影响,而且多作者合作论文成为高被引的概率更高,而成为零被引的概率更低;②作者数量与论文总被引频次之间存在显著的倒U形关系;进一步研究发现,作者数量与高被引论文概率呈倒U形关系,而与零被引论文概率呈正U形关系,且转折点均约为3人,表明商学领域存在使论文成为高被引而避免成为零被引的最佳合作规模;③分时间阶段实证结果表明,基于高被引和零被引的论文最佳合作规模逐步由2~3人增加至3~4人。
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No 2012AA061804-03)
文摘The output of charge sensitive amplifier(CSA) is a negative exponential signal with long decay time which will result in undershoot after C-R differentiator.Pole-zero cancellation(PZC) circuit is often applied to eliminate undershoot in many radiation detectors.However,it is difficult to use a zero created by PZC circuit to cancel a pole in CSA output signal accurately because of the influences of electronic components inherent error and environmental factors.A novel recursive model for PZC circuit is presented based on Kirchhoff's Current Law(KCL) in this paper.The model is established by numerical differentiation algorithm between the input and the output signal.Some simulation experiments for a negative exponential signal are carried out using Visual Basic for Application(VBA) program and a real x-ray signal is also tested.Simulated results show that the recursive model can reduce the time constant of input signal and eliminate undershoot.
文摘This article broadens terminology and approaches that continue to advance time modelling within a relationalist framework. Time is modeled as a single dimension, flowing continuously through independent privileged points. Introduced as absolute point-time, abstract continuous time is a backdrop for concrete relational-based time that is finite and discrete, bound to the limits of a real-world system. We discuss how discrete signals at a point are used to temporally anchor zero-temporal points [t = 0] in linear time. Object-oriented temporal line elements, flanked by temporal point elements, have a proportional geometric identity quantifiable by a standard unit system and can be mapped on a natural number line. Durations, line elements, are divisible into ordered unit ratio elements using ancient timekeeping formulas. The divisional structure provides temporal classes for rotational (Rt24t) and orbital (Rt18) sample periods, as well as a more general temporal class (Rt12) applicable to either sample or frame periods. We introduce notation for additive cyclic counts of sample periods, including divisional units, for calendar-like formatting. For system modeling, unit structures with dihedral symmetry, group order, and numerical order are shown to be applicable to Euclidean modelling. We introduce new functions for bijective and non-bijective mapping, modular arithmetic for cyclic-based time counts, and a novel formula relating to a subgroup of Pythagorean triples, preserving dihedral n-polygon symmetries. This article presents a new approach to model time in a relationalistic framework.
文摘The zero-voltage quasi-resonant boost switching DC-DC converter has been inves-tigated by using the time averaging equivalent circuit approach of periodically switching linearnetworks.The DC steady state and AC small signal characteristics of the converter are also given.
文摘为降低现有列车网络控制系统(train control and management system,TCMS)端到端时延、抖动不确定性对列车控制功能时间确定性的影响,提高列车控制功能迭代效率,基于下一代列车网络控制系统(next generation TCMS,NG-TCMS),提出通信与计算资源联合调度模型,将端到端确定性从网络层延伸至列车控制功能。首先,结合NG-TCMS中时间敏感网络提供的全局统一时间基准,将列车控制功能拆分为具有依赖关系的状态采集、逻辑计算、数据转发、命令执行任务,并通过有向无环图进行形式化。以最小化执行时间为调度目标,分别通过一阶逻辑约束转化为可满足性模理论(satisfiability modulo theories,SMT)问题进行最优求解,以及抽象为整数线性规划(integer linear programming,ILP)问题进行最优求解。同时,提出基于任务松弛度和抖动继承值的快速求解方法,将一次性求解所有任务的大规模调度转化为迭代求解单任务或双任务的小规模调度,以解决控制功能数量陡增导致调度问题复杂度激增,SMT方法和ILP方法难以快速求解的问题。最后,参考CR450动车组列车控制功能设计算例,以30 min为求解时间上限,分析SMT方法、ILP方法、快速求解方法在求解时间与所得调度方案资源利用率方面的性能差异。结果表明,快速求解方法能在20 min内完成1000个含零抖动和抖动约束的控制功能调度,高效调度系统资源,满足NG-TCMS快速迭代需求。研究结果可为基于NG-TCMS构建具有端到端时间确定性的列车网络控制功能及任务调度方法提供参考。
