Methodology for the electrochemical decomposition of imazethapyr using Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5/PbO2 anode in Na2SO4 medium is suggested in this paper. The electrolysis reaction conditions were optimized. The process of electroc...Methodology for the electrochemical decomposition of imazethapyr using Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5/PbO2 anode in Na2SO4 medium is suggested in this paper. The electrolysis reaction conditions were optimized. The process of electrochemical decomposition was monitored by ultra-violet spectrophotometry and CODCr method. The electrochemical decomposition mechanism of imazethapyr was studied primarily by UV-VIS spectrophotometry. The effectiveness of the electrochemical pretreatment was proved by the comparative aerobic biological treatment test based on the activated sludge process.展开更多
Electrochemicaldegradation of2,4-dichlorophenol （2,4-DCP） in aqueous solutionwas investigated over Ti/SnO2-Sb anode. The factors influencing thedegradation rate, such as applied currentdensity （2-40 mA/cm2 ）, pH ...Electrochemicaldegradation of2,4-dichlorophenol （2,4-DCP） in aqueous solutionwas investigated over Ti/SnO2-Sb anode. The factors influencing thedegradation rate, such as applied currentdensity （2-40 mA/cm2 ）, pH （3-11） and initial concentration （5-200 mg/L）were evaluated. Thedegradation of2,4-DCP followed apparent pseudo first-order kinetics. Thedegradation ratio on Ti/SnO2 -Sb anode attained 〉 99.9% after 20 min of electrolysis at initial 5-200 mg/L concentrations at a constant currentdensity of 30 mA/cm2 with a 10 mmol/L sodium sulphate （Na2SO4 ） supporting electrolyte solution. The results showed that 2,4-DCP （100 mg/L）degradation and total organic carbon （TOC） removal ratio achieved 99.9% and 92.8%, respectively, at the optimal conditions after 30 min electrolysis. Under this condition, thedegradation rate constant （k） and thedegradation half-life （t1/2 ）were 0.21 min1 and （2.8 ± 0.2） min, respectively. Mainly carboxylic acids （propanoic acid, maleic acid, propanedioic acid, acetic acid and oxalic acid） weredetected as intermediates. The energy efficiencies for2,4-DCPdegradation （5-200 mg/L）with Ti/SnO2-Sb anode ranged from 0.672 to 1.602 g/kWh. The Ti/SnO2-Sb anodewith a high activity to rapid organic oxidation could be employed todegrade chlorophenols, particularly2,4-DCP inwastewater.展开更多
目前在电化学氧化处理法降解苯酚废水的研究过程中,研究者多将重心放在活性电极的探索及制备上,而对于反应器的开发鲜有报道。就这一问题,本文研究了新型微流控反应器中苯酚的电化学降解效果。电化学氧化实验在装有Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5阳极的...目前在电化学氧化处理法降解苯酚废水的研究过程中,研究者多将重心放在活性电极的探索及制备上,而对于反应器的开发鲜有报道。就这一问题,本文研究了新型微流控反应器中苯酚的电化学降解效果。电化学氧化实验在装有Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5阳极的微型流通池中操作进行,实验对循环体系的体积流率ΦV、电极间距h的影响进行了考察。结果表明,当流通电解槽中的阴阳极间距采用微米级尺寸时,苯酚的阳极氧化反应取得了较快的氧化速度。在i=20 m A/cm2、ΦV=0.54 m L/min的电解条件下,电解2~3h苯酚去除率即可达到90%以上,相同流速下电极间距h越小降解速率越快。且由数据回归得到了苯酚的一系列随h的减小而增大的准一级反应的反应速率常数。这一结论表明微流控电解槽内的苯酚降解过程主要传质控制过程。展开更多
The Ti/SnO2 Sb2O4 electrode has been prepared by the electroplate sinter method. The effect of SbCl3 adding amount and sintering temperature on its electrode lifetime and oxygen evolution potential were investigated b...The Ti/SnO2 Sb2O4 electrode has been prepared by the electroplate sinter method. The effect of SbCl3 adding amount and sintering temperature on its electrode lifetime and oxygen evolution potential were investigated by means of EDX, SEM and XRD analysis. The results indicated that the electrode appeared the best performance when the SbCl3 adding amounts was 0.2g and the sintering temperature was 550℃. In optimized conditions Ti substrate was entirely covered by SnO2 Sb2O4 and the combinations among them were tight. Due to the use of electroplate method, the electrical conductivity, the oxygen evolution potential and the electrode lifetime were increased, so the electro catalytic activity and the electrochemical stability of the prepared electrode were found to be superior.展开更多
The electrochemical oxidation of chlorimuron-ethyl on metry. The electrochemical behaviour of the electrode in a sodium Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5/PbO2 electrode was studied by cyclic voltamsulfate solution and in the mixture solu...The electrochemical oxidation of chlorimuron-ethyl on metry. The electrochemical behaviour of the electrode in a sodium Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5/PbO2 electrode was studied by cyclic voltamsulfate solution and in the mixture solution of sodium sulfate and chlorimuron-ethyl was studied. The experimental results of cyclic voltammetry show that the acidic medium was suitable for the efficient electrochemical oxidation of chlorimuron-ethyl. Some electro-generated reagent was formed in the electrolysis process and chlorimuron-ethyl could be oxidized by the electro-generated reagent. A Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5/PbO2 electrode was used as the anode and the electrolysis experiment was carried out under the optimized conditions. The electrolysis process was monitored by UV-Vis spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）, and the chemical oxygen demand（COD） was determined by the potassium dichromate method. The mechanism of chlorimuron-ethyl to be oxided was studied primarily by the cyclic voltammetry and UV-Vis spectrometry. The results of electrolysis experiment demonstrate the possibility of the electrode to be used as an anode for the electrochemical treatment of chlorimuron-ethyl contained in waste water.展开更多
SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 was prepared by sol-gel method using tin tetrachloride,lithium acetate,tetrabutylorthotitanate and aqueous ammonia as starting materials.The composite was characterized by thermogravimertric(TG)analysis...SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 was prepared by sol-gel method using tin tetrachloride,lithium acetate,tetrabutylorthotitanate and aqueous ammonia as starting materials.The composite was characterized by thermogravimertric(TG)analysis and differential thermal analysis(DTA),X-ray diffractometry(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)combined with electrochemical tests.The results show that SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 composite derived by sol-gel technique is a nanocomposite with core-shell structure, and the amorphous Li4Ti5O12 layer with 20?40 nm in thickness is coated on the surface of SnO2 particles.Electrochemical tests show that SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 composite delivers a reversible capacity of 688.7 mA·h/g at 0.1C and 93.4%of that is retained after 60 cycles at 0.2C.The amorphous Li4Ti5O12 in composite can accommodate the volume change of SnO2 electrode and prevent the small and active Sn particles from aggregating into larger and inactive Sn clusters during the cycling effectively,and enhance the cycling stability of SnO2 electrode significantly.展开更多
文摘Methodology for the electrochemical decomposition of imazethapyr using Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5/PbO2 anode in Na2SO4 medium is suggested in this paper. The electrolysis reaction conditions were optimized. The process of electrochemical decomposition was monitored by ultra-violet spectrophotometry and CODCr method. The electrochemical decomposition mechanism of imazethapyr was studied primarily by UV-VIS spectrophotometry. The effectiveness of the electrochemical pretreatment was proved by the comparative aerobic biological treatment test based on the activated sludge process.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Innovative Research Group of China(No.51121003)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20110003110023)the special fund of State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control of China
文摘Electrochemicaldegradation of2,4-dichlorophenol （2,4-DCP） in aqueous solutionwas investigated over Ti/SnO2-Sb anode. The factors influencing thedegradation rate, such as applied currentdensity （2-40 mA/cm2 ）, pH （3-11） and initial concentration （5-200 mg/L）were evaluated. Thedegradation of2,4-DCP followed apparent pseudo first-order kinetics. Thedegradation ratio on Ti/SnO2 -Sb anode attained 〉 99.9% after 20 min of electrolysis at initial 5-200 mg/L concentrations at a constant currentdensity of 30 mA/cm2 with a 10 mmol/L sodium sulphate （Na2SO4 ） supporting electrolyte solution. The results showed that 2,4-DCP （100 mg/L）degradation and total organic carbon （TOC） removal ratio achieved 99.9% and 92.8%, respectively, at the optimal conditions after 30 min electrolysis. Under this condition, thedegradation rate constant （k） and thedegradation half-life （t1/2 ）were 0.21 min1 and （2.8 ± 0.2） min, respectively. Mainly carboxylic acids （propanoic acid, maleic acid, propanedioic acid, acetic acid and oxalic acid） weredetected as intermediates. The energy efficiencies for2,4-DCPdegradation （5-200 mg/L）with Ti/SnO2-Sb anode ranged from 0.672 to 1.602 g/kWh. The Ti/SnO2-Sb anodewith a high activity to rapid organic oxidation could be employed todegrade chlorophenols, particularly2,4-DCP inwastewater.
文摘目前在电化学氧化处理法降解苯酚废水的研究过程中,研究者多将重心放在活性电极的探索及制备上,而对于反应器的开发鲜有报道。就这一问题,本文研究了新型微流控反应器中苯酚的电化学降解效果。电化学氧化实验在装有Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5阳极的微型流通池中操作进行,实验对循环体系的体积流率ΦV、电极间距h的影响进行了考察。结果表明,当流通电解槽中的阴阳极间距采用微米级尺寸时,苯酚的阳极氧化反应取得了较快的氧化速度。在i=20 m A/cm2、ΦV=0.54 m L/min的电解条件下,电解2~3h苯酚去除率即可达到90%以上,相同流速下电极间距h越小降解速率越快。且由数据回归得到了苯酚的一系列随h的减小而增大的准一级反应的反应速率常数。这一结论表明微流控电解槽内的苯酚降解过程主要传质控制过程。
文摘The Ti/SnO2 Sb2O4 electrode has been prepared by the electroplate sinter method. The effect of SbCl3 adding amount and sintering temperature on its electrode lifetime and oxygen evolution potential were investigated by means of EDX, SEM and XRD analysis. The results indicated that the electrode appeared the best performance when the SbCl3 adding amounts was 0.2g and the sintering temperature was 550℃. In optimized conditions Ti substrate was entirely covered by SnO2 Sb2O4 and the combinations among them were tight. Due to the use of electroplate method, the electrical conductivity, the oxygen evolution potential and the electrode lifetime were increased, so the electro catalytic activity and the electrochemical stability of the prepared electrode were found to be superior.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Foundation of the Education Department of Liaoning Province,China (No.2009A557)
文摘The electrochemical oxidation of chlorimuron-ethyl on metry. The electrochemical behaviour of the electrode in a sodium Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5/PbO2 electrode was studied by cyclic voltamsulfate solution and in the mixture solution of sodium sulfate and chlorimuron-ethyl was studied. The experimental results of cyclic voltammetry show that the acidic medium was suitable for the efficient electrochemical oxidation of chlorimuron-ethyl. Some electro-generated reagent was formed in the electrolysis process and chlorimuron-ethyl could be oxidized by the electro-generated reagent. A Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5/PbO2 electrode was used as the anode and the electrolysis experiment was carried out under the optimized conditions. The electrolysis process was monitored by UV-Vis spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）, and the chemical oxygen demand（COD） was determined by the potassium dichromate method. The mechanism of chlorimuron-ethyl to be oxided was studied primarily by the cyclic voltammetry and UV-Vis spectrometry. The results of electrolysis experiment demonstrate the possibility of the electrode to be used as an anode for the electrochemical treatment of chlorimuron-ethyl contained in waste water.
基金Project(20873054)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2005037700)supported by Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China+2 种基金Project(07JJ3014)supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(07A058)supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education DepartmentProject(2004107)supported by Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University
文摘SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 was prepared by sol-gel method using tin tetrachloride,lithium acetate,tetrabutylorthotitanate and aqueous ammonia as starting materials.The composite was characterized by thermogravimertric(TG)analysis and differential thermal analysis(DTA),X-ray diffractometry(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)combined with electrochemical tests.The results show that SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 composite derived by sol-gel technique is a nanocomposite with core-shell structure, and the amorphous Li4Ti5O12 layer with 20?40 nm in thickness is coated on the surface of SnO2 particles.Electrochemical tests show that SnO2-Li4Ti5O12 composite delivers a reversible capacity of 688.7 mA·h/g at 0.1C and 93.4%of that is retained after 60 cycles at 0.2C.The amorphous Li4Ti5O12 in composite can accommodate the volume change of SnO2 electrode and prevent the small and active Sn particles from aggregating into larger and inactive Sn clusters during the cycling effectively,and enhance the cycling stability of SnO2 electrode significantly.
