From the perspective of system concept and practical needs,the field of ecological environment needs new theories that can grasp the whole and command the overall situation.Soil and water ecology is the holistic view ...From the perspective of system concept and practical needs,the field of ecological environment needs new theories that can grasp the whole and command the overall situation.Soil and water ecology is the holistic view of nature of seeing both macrocosm and microcosm,is the largest common divisor of various types of ecosystems on the earth and will effectively integrate all ecological processes related to human beings,animals and plants.Starting from the principle of soil and water ecology,the paper resolved that:①the essence of landscape,forest,field,lake,grass,sand and ice is soil and water ecology and;②the fundamental reason of the ecological and environmental crises of climate change,global warming and loss of biodiversity lies in the change and destruction of the earth’s soil and water ecology.The theory of soil and water ecology is a major scientific issue related to the fundamental and overall situation of the ecological environment,is the golden key to understand and solve contemporary ecological and environmental issues and is the common theoretical basis in the field of ecological environment.展开更多
Analysis is done of the distribution of odd and even symmetric components of circulations on a global basis in terms of observations and technique for the odd/even symmetry,indicating that climatic features of the com...Analysis is done of the distribution of odd and even symmetric components of circulations on a global basis in terms of observations and technique for the odd/even symmetry,indicating that climatic features of the component patterns and their temporal evolution are able to reveal their influence of land-sea discrepancy in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres,the time scale of atmospheric response to radiation heating,circulation waveform structure and seasonal adjustment of global circulation.展开更多
Efforts have generally been made from policy considerations to interpret reasons for the proposition of the Belt and Road Initiative and its global layout.Though they are of some significance,such a grand initiative c...Efforts have generally been made from policy considerations to interpret reasons for the proposition of the Belt and Road Initiative and its global layout.Though they are of some significance,such a grand initiative certainly has its own internal theoretical basis.This paper is in the opinion that the spillover effect of oversized economy,the extension of the value chain and its climbing effect,as well as channel suitability and location orientation constitute the endogenous driving forces of the Belt and Road Initiative.Each of the three theoretical perspectives has its own internal realistic basis,all of which may offer some reference that is conducive to understanding the practice and future development of the Belt and Road Initiative.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to clarify the correlation between changes of Apis mel ifera and the nectar secretion characteristics of nectariferous plants. [Method] Considering the nectar secretion characteristics of ...[Objective] This study aimed to clarify the correlation between changes of Apis mel ifera and the nectar secretion characteristics of nectariferous plants. [Method] Considering the nectar secretion characteristics of major and auxiliary nec-tariferous plants, six Apis mel ifera colonies were selected for measure the number of eggs, larvae, pupae and adult bees from Jan. to Dec. in 2012; based on that, their annual change curves were also plotted. [Result] The results showed that there were three peaks of the total number of A. mel ifera workers throughout the year：the first occurred on May 15th, with bees developed into an ideal population for col-lecting pomegranate nectar, and the second and third peaks occurred on July 15th and Oct. 15th, respectively, with bees developed into an ideal population for col ect-ing E. ciliate （Thuab） Hyland. [Conclusion] Prevention of Varroa jacobsoni should be carried out with two or more types of acaricides at the late nectar flow stages of the two nectariferous plants（pomegranate and E. ciliate （Thuab） Hyland） when there was a nectar deficiency. Prevention of Tropilaelaps clareae should be timely per-formed with sublimed sulfur in conjunction with acaricides. This study provides a theoretical basis for the high-quality and high-yielding production of honey, as wel as for the product safety.展开更多
With the rapid development of metaverse technology,its integration with the education field has given rise to the emerging concept of educational metaverse.The education metaverse is not simply a combination of techno...With the rapid development of metaverse technology,its integration with the education field has given rise to the emerging concept of educational metaverse.The education metaverse is not simply a combination of technologies,but a new immersive,interactive,and personalized educational ecosystem built through the integration of virtual reality(VR),augmented reality(AR),blockchain,artificial intelligence(AI),and other technologies.This article first reviews the conceptual evolution of the educational metaverse,clarifying its core connotations and key features;Secondly,construct a conceptual framework for the educational metaverse from the three dimensions of technology,education,and society,and analyze the core elements and intrinsic connections of each dimension;Finally,based on constructivist learning theory,situational cognition theory,connectivist learning theory,and the Technology Acceptance Model(TAM),the theoretical foundation of the educational metaverse is systematically constructed to provide theoretical support for the subsequent research and practical application of the educational metaverse,and to assist in the digital transformation and high-quality development of education.展开更多
The non-commercial forest is an important natural resource protecting the environment and contributing to the sustainable development of a nation. Due to its crucial positive external effects, it is inevitable policy ...The non-commercial forest is an important natural resource protecting the environment and contributing to the sustainable development of a nation. Due to its crucial positive external effects, it is inevitable policy that non-commercial forestry should be invested by government, thereby formulates the non-commercial forestry compensation system. This paper first discusses the theoretical basis of non-commercial forestry compensation system and the process of establishment of non-commercial forestry compensation system in China, and then analyzes the deficiency in the current compensation system.展开更多
The latest research shows that the ions generated by the corona discharge of lightning rod have dual functions of attracting and shielding lightning discharge. After the lightning rod is installed at a certain height ...The latest research shows that the ions generated by the corona discharge of lightning rod have dual functions of attracting and shielding lightning discharge. After the lightning rod is installed at a certain height on the ground,the lightning rod tip reaches the corona threshold to ionize the surrounding air and generate positive and negative ions under the action of the electric field at the end of the lightning downward leader. Constrained by Coulomb’s Law,its positive ions( opposite charges attract each other) form an upward leader( streamer),which moves towards the end of the lightning downward leader and is connected to the downward leader,establishing a discharge channel to attract lightning to the needle tip and discharge the current to the ground,and playing a role in attracting lightning. Its negative ions are repelled by the electric field at the end of the lightning downward leader( repelled by isotropic charges) and influenced by the wind,and diffuse in the downwind area to form an ion cloud,inhibiting the growth of corona at the tip of ground objects,and playing a role in shielding lightning. In this paper,Franklin’s understanding of the role of lightning rod and Yang Shaojie’s new definition of the working principle of lightning rod are briefly introduced. The formation mechanism,distribution characteristics,shielding effect,and impact on lightning strike point distribution of ion clouds are analyzed. Additionally,the important role of shielding effects of ion clouds in regional lightning protection is introduced,which provides a theoretical basis for the correct understanding and use of lightning rod.展开更多
The high-quality development of the construction industry fundamentally stems from the significant improvement of total factor productivity.Therefore,it is of crucial significance for promoting the development of the ...The high-quality development of the construction industry fundamentally stems from the significant improvement of total factor productivity.Therefore,it is of crucial significance for promoting the development of the construction industry to a higher level by scientifically and accurately measuring the total factor productivity of the construction industry and deeply analyzing the influencing factors behind it.Based on a comprehensive consideration of research methods and influencing factors,this paper systematically reviews the existing relevant literature on total factor productivity in the construction industry,aiming to reveal the current research development trend in this field and point out potential problems.This effort aims to provide a solid theoretical foundation and valuable reference for further in-depth research,and jointly promote the continuous progress and development of total factor productivity research in the construction industry.展开更多
Traditional building energy-saving research focuses on technical energy-saving and energy system energy-saving,while neglecting the study of personnel's energy-consumption behavior during the building operation ph...Traditional building energy-saving research focuses on technical energy-saving and energy system energy-saving,while neglecting the study of personnel's energy-consumption behavior during the building operation phase.In order to explore people's cognitive process of building energy-saving information,this paper focuses on the representativeness of the research on building energy-saving reminder information.The results are summarized,sorted out and analyzed.Based on relevant research at home and abroad,this paper reviews the conceptual connotation of building energy-saving reminder information,research methods and influencing factors on the recognition of building energy-saving reminder information.Finally,it summarizes the research landscape of the cognitive process of building energy-saving reminder information and analyzes the existing research.In light of the shortcomings,three major research directions are proposed in the future:integrating research scenarios and focusing on the interaction of multiple scenarios in the Chinese cultural environment;broadening research methods to explore the diversity and feasibility of emerging research methods;increasing the time span and improving experimental design dynamic and continuous.展开更多
Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee, led by General Secretary Xi Jinping, has unswervingly adhered to the continuing development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Through courageou...Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee, led by General Secretary Xi Jinping, has unswervingly adhered to the continuing development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Through courageous practice and excellent innovation, the CPC Central Committee has shaped a series of new ideas, thoughts and strategies of state governing, which serve as scientific guidelines for the actions and theories on further deepening the Reform and Opening-up and accelerating the modernization of socialism in China. Compared with "new ideas and new strategies," the "new thoughts" are more extensive, inclusive and thorough. In fact, "new thoughts" include "new ideas" and "new strategies" and are demonstrated by the latter two. Presenting the new CPC Central Committee's achievements in both practical and theoretical innovations with Xi Jinping's governing thought as the guide can further promote and deepen the essence of General Secretary Xi Jinping's series of key speeches. Xi Jinping's governing thought has its historical basis, realistic basis, theoretical basis and political basis.展开更多
The protection of personal information plays an extremely important role in the construction of digital government.The duty to inform is a prerequisite core obligation that the government should fulfill in processing ...The protection of personal information plays an extremely important role in the construction of digital government.The duty to inform is a prerequisite core obligation that the government should fulfill in processing personal information,a concrete expression of the right to self-determination of personal information,and a prerequisite for the right to protection of personal information that works as a fundamental right to defense the intrusion from the government,as well as a procedural regulatory tool to restrain the government’s information power and prevent the risk of infringement.As the rules on the processing of personal information and the duty to inform have both the nature of public law,the government’s processing of personal information is also public law in nature,especially because of the constitutional value and power control function of the duty to inform,the construction of a system for the duty to inform cannot be copied from the rules applicable to private subjects,but should be tailored to the public law characteristics of the government’s processing of personal information,overcoming the shortcomings of the current rough and fragmented legislation,and set up a systematic regulation based on the public law in term of the legal subject,procedure,content,consequences of obligation violations and legal protection.展开更多
In recent decades, with the constant progress of society, the study of ecological civilization has attracted extensive attention of scholars at home and abroad, and more in-depth research on its theory and application...In recent decades, with the constant progress of society, the study of ecological civilization has attracted extensive attention of scholars at home and abroad, and more in-depth research on its theory and application has been conducted. In this paper, the historical background, theoretical and realistic bases of ecological civilization were analyzed, showing that the birth and development of ecological civilization is inseparable from the historical development of human society. Then the development prospects and application fields of ecological civilization were discussed further.展开更多
Tourism resources valuation is now a hot issue of the science of tourism resources, resources economics and environmental economics. This paper reviews research progresss on tourism resources valuation, introduces its...Tourism resources valuation is now a hot issue of the science of tourism resources, resources economics and environmental economics. This paper reviews research progresss on tourism resources valuation, introduces its theoretic basis, and elaborates two classical valuation methods： TCM and CVM. And two existing problems are discussed Firstly, tourism resources value constitution system is still under dispute. This paper puts forward the Value constitution system based on present value categories. Secondly, tourism resources valuation methods need further studies because both TCM and CVM have deficiencies. Finally, the paper points out the development direction of tourism resources valuation.展开更多
In order to meet the rapid needs of processing square hole in mechanical equipment, the paper expounds the square hole processing method： planetary wheel method, and analyze the principle of tooling structure and pro...In order to meet the rapid needs of processing square hole in mechanical equipment, the paper expounds the square hole processing method： planetary wheel method, and analyze the principle of tooling structure and process with computer graphics parameters design. The results that, as long as the appropriate parameters, using the above method not only can punch the square hole, can also be processed triangle, the five angle and hexagonal regular polygon holes. The square hole processing method can provide theoretical basis and engineering reliable reference for related engineering and technical personnel.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in China from 2019 to 2023 and to explore risk factors for severe malaria cases,thereby providing a theoretical basis for early clinical ide...Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in China from 2019 to 2023 and to explore risk factors for severe malaria cases,thereby providing a theoretical basis for early clinical identification and intervention of severe malaria.Methods:National malaria case data were retrospectively collected from 2019 to 2023 through the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Study subjects were divided into severe and non-severe malaria cases,and the characteristics of both groups were analyzed.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore risk factors for developing severe malaria.Results:From 2019 to 2023,a total of 7,892 imported malaria cases were reported nationwide,including 673 severe cases and 7,219 non-severe cases.There were 7,353(93.2%)male and 539(6.8%)female patients.Compared to non-severe malaria patients,severe malaria patients were older(43.9±10.4 years),predominantly originated from Africa(643,95.5%),had a higher frequency of recent overseas residence within the past month(609,90.5%),were typically infected with P.falciparum(527,78.3%),and had a higher mortality rate(47,7.0%).Severe cases had longer median time intervals from symptom onset to medical visit(4 days),from visit to diagnosis(2 days),and from diagnosis to treatment(2 days),and a longer median medication time(7 days),all P<0.05.Conclusions:This study identified risk factors for severe malaria and recommends focusing on monitoring patients’age,infection source,Plasmodium species,time from onset to hospital visit,and recent history of foreign residence.These findings provide a valuable reference for effectively managing malaria cases and reducing the incidence of severe malaria in the future.展开更多
Introduction:The Chinese government has established targets for elimination of schistosomiasis in all endemic counties by 2028.This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of schistosomiasis in Chin...Introduction:The Chinese government has established targets for elimination of schistosomiasis in all endemic counties by 2028.This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of schistosomiasis in China after transmission control and provide a theoretical basis for achieving the countylevel elimination goal by 2028.Methods:Provincial and county-level data on human infection,cattle reservoirs and Oncomelania hupensis snail vector distribution were collected from 2016 to 2023,to analyze the trend of schistosomiasis epidemic situation and serological positive rate.Joinpoint regression analysis was employed to analyze seropositive rate trends.Results:The number of schistosomiasis cases decreased by 49.00%,from 54,454 in 2016 to 27,772 in 2023.The 8-year average seropositive rate across provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)was 1.80%,with the highest rates observed in Yunnan(2.99%),Jiangxi(2.84%),and Hunan(2.67%)PLADs.Joinpoint analysis revealed a consistent decline in seropositive rates since 2016 and a significant inflection point was identified in 2021,indicating an acceleration in the rate of decline.No positive cattle have been detected since 2020.The total area of snail habitats exhibited a slight rebound from 356,835 square hectometers(hm^(2))in 2016 to 367,702 hm^(2) in 2023,with new habitats emerging annually,totaling 4,080 hm^(2) of newly identified habitats.Conclusions:Development of highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tools is essential,alongside intensified surveillance of wild animal reservoirs and high-risk snail habitats,to achieve the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis by 2030.展开更多
The most common subtype of lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC), which has a poor prognosis and seriously threatens the health of human beings. The multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment model has gradu...The most common subtype of lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC), which has a poor prognosis and seriously threatens the health of human beings. The multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment model has gradually become the mainstream of NSCLC treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) can be used effectively either as an adjunctive therapy or alone throughout the NSCLC therapy,which has a significant impact on survival, quality of life, and reduction of toxicity. Therefore, this paper reviewed the theoretical basis, the latest clinical application, and combined treatment mechanisms in order to explore the advantage stage of TCM treatment and the synergistic therapeutic mechanisms.展开更多
The urban water system theory is an extension of the basin water system science on an urban scale, providing a new systematic solution for the unbalanced human-water relationship and severe water challenges, such as w...The urban water system theory is an extension of the basin water system science on an urban scale, providing a new systematic solution for the unbalanced human-water relationship and severe water challenges, such as waterlogging, black and odorous water, and ecological degradation caused by urbanization. Most existing studies on urban water systems have focused on individual water cycle processes linked with water supply and sewage treatment plants, but mutual feedback between the water cycle and its associated material circulation and water ecology, as well as human processes, still needs further exploration. In this paper, the concept, theory, and technical methodology of the urban water system were developed based on the water cycle and basin water system science. The Urban Water System 5.0(UWS 5.0) model was developed by integrating the Time Variant Gain rainfall-runoff Model with Urban water system(TVGM_Urban) in different underlying surface conditions for analyzing the natural-social water cycle processes and their associated water environmental and ecological processes and the influence of multiscale sponge measures. Herein, five major simulation functions were realized: rainfall-runoff-nonpoint source pollutant load,water and pollutant transportations through the drainage network system, terminal regulation and purification, socioeconomic water cycle, and water system assessment and regulation. The location for the case study used in this paper was Wuhan City. The findings showed that the entire urban water system should consider the built-up area and its associated rivers and lakes as the research object and explore the integrations among the urban natural-social water cycle and river regulations inside and outside of the city as well as the effects of socioeconomic development and sponge measures on the water quantity-quality-ecology processes. The UWS 5.0 model efficiently simulated the urban rainfall-runoff process, total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) concentrations in water bodies, and characteristic indicators of socioeconomic development. For the rainfall-runoff simulations, the correlation coefficient and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(NSE) fall under the excellent and good classes, respectively. For the TN and TP concentration simulations, results exhibited good bias and the correlation coefficients exceeded 0.90 for 78.1% of the sampled sites. The simulation of 18 socioeconomic indicators provided excellent bias, correlation coefficient, and NSE values of 100%, 83.3%, and 69.4% to total indicators, respectively. Based on the well-calibrated UWS 5.0 model, the source sponge,artificial enhancement, and source reduction-path interception-terminal treatment measures were optimized, which considerably mitigated waterlogging, black and odorous water, and lake eutrophication, respectively. The mitigation performance revealed that the maximum inundated area for a once-in-10-year rainfall event was reduced by 32.6%, the removal ratio of the black and odorous water area was 65%, the comprehensive trophic state index of water bodies was reduced by 37%, and the green development level of Wuhan City in 2020 increased from 0.56 to 0.67. This study is expected to advance the intersection and development of multidisciplinary fields(e.g., urban hydrology, environmental science, and ecology) and offer an important theoretical and technical basis for solving urban complex water issues and promoting green development of cities.展开更多
文摘From the perspective of system concept and practical needs,the field of ecological environment needs new theories that can grasp the whole and command the overall situation.Soil and water ecology is the holistic view of nature of seeing both macrocosm and microcosm,is the largest common divisor of various types of ecosystems on the earth and will effectively integrate all ecological processes related to human beings,animals and plants.Starting from the principle of soil and water ecology,the paper resolved that:①the essence of landscape,forest,field,lake,grass,sand and ice is soil and water ecology and;②the fundamental reason of the ecological and environmental crises of climate change,global warming and loss of biodiversity lies in the change and destruction of the earth’s soil and water ecology.The theory of soil and water ecology is a major scientific issue related to the fundamental and overall situation of the ecological environment,is the golden key to understand and solve contemporary ecological and environmental issues and is the common theoretical basis in the field of ecological environment.
基金The study is supported by the Chinese Research Project of Long-Term Weather Prediction Theory and Techniques.
文摘Analysis is done of the distribution of odd and even symmetric components of circulations on a global basis in terms of observations and technique for the odd/even symmetry,indicating that climatic features of the component patterns and their temporal evolution are able to reveal their influence of land-sea discrepancy in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres,the time scale of atmospheric response to radiation heating,circulation waveform structure and seasonal adjustment of global circulation.
基金the initial result of a major research project funded by the National Social Science Foundation,titled“The Belt and Road Initiative and the Building of International Rules”,(Project No.:18DVL002)
文摘Efforts have generally been made from policy considerations to interpret reasons for the proposition of the Belt and Road Initiative and its global layout.Though they are of some significance,such a grand initiative certainly has its own internal theoretical basis.This paper is in the opinion that the spillover effect of oversized economy,the extension of the value chain and its climbing effect,as well as channel suitability and location orientation constitute the endogenous driving forces of the Belt and Road Initiative.Each of the three theoretical perspectives has its own internal realistic basis,all of which may offer some reference that is conducive to understanding the practice and future development of the Belt and Road Initiative.
基金Supported by the Key New Products Development Program of Science and Technology Agency of Yunnan Province(2011BB012)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to clarify the correlation between changes of Apis mel ifera and the nectar secretion characteristics of nectariferous plants. [Method] Considering the nectar secretion characteristics of major and auxiliary nec-tariferous plants, six Apis mel ifera colonies were selected for measure the number of eggs, larvae, pupae and adult bees from Jan. to Dec. in 2012; based on that, their annual change curves were also plotted. [Result] The results showed that there were three peaks of the total number of A. mel ifera workers throughout the year：the first occurred on May 15th, with bees developed into an ideal population for col-lecting pomegranate nectar, and the second and third peaks occurred on July 15th and Oct. 15th, respectively, with bees developed into an ideal population for col ect-ing E. ciliate （Thuab） Hyland. [Conclusion] Prevention of Varroa jacobsoni should be carried out with two or more types of acaricides at the late nectar flow stages of the two nectariferous plants（pomegranate and E. ciliate （Thuab） Hyland） when there was a nectar deficiency. Prevention of Tropilaelaps clareae should be timely per-formed with sublimed sulfur in conjunction with acaricides. This study provides a theoretical basis for the high-quality and high-yielding production of honey, as wel as for the product safety.
文摘With the rapid development of metaverse technology,its integration with the education field has given rise to the emerging concept of educational metaverse.The education metaverse is not simply a combination of technologies,but a new immersive,interactive,and personalized educational ecosystem built through the integration of virtual reality(VR),augmented reality(AR),blockchain,artificial intelligence(AI),and other technologies.This article first reviews the conceptual evolution of the educational metaverse,clarifying its core connotations and key features;Secondly,construct a conceptual framework for the educational metaverse from the three dimensions of technology,education,and society,and analyze the core elements and intrinsic connections of each dimension;Finally,based on constructivist learning theory,situational cognition theory,connectivist learning theory,and the Technology Acceptance Model(TAM),the theoretical foundation of the educational metaverse is systematically constructed to provide theoretical support for the subsequent research and practical application of the educational metaverse,and to assist in the digital transformation and high-quality development of education.
文摘The non-commercial forest is an important natural resource protecting the environment and contributing to the sustainable development of a nation. Due to its crucial positive external effects, it is inevitable policy that non-commercial forestry should be invested by government, thereby formulates the non-commercial forestry compensation system. This paper first discusses the theoretical basis of non-commercial forestry compensation system and the process of establishment of non-commercial forestry compensation system in China, and then analyzes the deficiency in the current compensation system.
基金Supported by Technology Research and Development Project of Strong Electromagnetic Pulse Protection (Lightning) of Sea Wind Field in Guangdong Yuedian Zhuhai Biqing Bay (YJW-PK23010)。
文摘The latest research shows that the ions generated by the corona discharge of lightning rod have dual functions of attracting and shielding lightning discharge. After the lightning rod is installed at a certain height on the ground,the lightning rod tip reaches the corona threshold to ionize the surrounding air and generate positive and negative ions under the action of the electric field at the end of the lightning downward leader. Constrained by Coulomb’s Law,its positive ions( opposite charges attract each other) form an upward leader( streamer),which moves towards the end of the lightning downward leader and is connected to the downward leader,establishing a discharge channel to attract lightning to the needle tip and discharge the current to the ground,and playing a role in attracting lightning. Its negative ions are repelled by the electric field at the end of the lightning downward leader( repelled by isotropic charges) and influenced by the wind,and diffuse in the downwind area to form an ion cloud,inhibiting the growth of corona at the tip of ground objects,and playing a role in shielding lightning. In this paper,Franklin’s understanding of the role of lightning rod and Yang Shaojie’s new definition of the working principle of lightning rod are briefly introduced. The formation mechanism,distribution characteristics,shielding effect,and impact on lightning strike point distribution of ion clouds are analyzed. Additionally,the important role of shielding effects of ion clouds in regional lightning protection is introduced,which provides a theoretical basis for the correct understanding and use of lightning rod.
基金Supported by School-level Natural Science Project of Jiangxi University of Technology(232ZRYB02).
文摘The high-quality development of the construction industry fundamentally stems from the significant improvement of total factor productivity.Therefore,it is of crucial significance for promoting the development of the construction industry to a higher level by scientifically and accurately measuring the total factor productivity of the construction industry and deeply analyzing the influencing factors behind it.Based on a comprehensive consideration of research methods and influencing factors,this paper systematically reviews the existing relevant literature on total factor productivity in the construction industry,aiming to reveal the current research development trend in this field and point out potential problems.This effort aims to provide a solid theoretical foundation and valuable reference for further in-depth research,and jointly promote the continuous progress and development of total factor productivity research in the construction industry.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71872122).
文摘Traditional building energy-saving research focuses on technical energy-saving and energy system energy-saving,while neglecting the study of personnel's energy-consumption behavior during the building operation phase.In order to explore people's cognitive process of building energy-saving information,this paper focuses on the representativeness of the research on building energy-saving reminder information.The results are summarized,sorted out and analyzed.Based on relevant research at home and abroad,this paper reviews the conceptual connotation of building energy-saving reminder information,research methods and influencing factors on the recognition of building energy-saving reminder information.Finally,it summarizes the research landscape of the cognitive process of building energy-saving reminder information and analyzes the existing research.In light of the shortcomings,three major research directions are proposed in the future:integrating research scenarios and focusing on the interaction of multiple scenarios in the Chinese cultural environment;broadening research methods to explore the diversity and feasibility of emerging research methods;increasing the time span and improving experimental design dynamic and continuous.
文摘Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee, led by General Secretary Xi Jinping, has unswervingly adhered to the continuing development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Through courageous practice and excellent innovation, the CPC Central Committee has shaped a series of new ideas, thoughts and strategies of state governing, which serve as scientific guidelines for the actions and theories on further deepening the Reform and Opening-up and accelerating the modernization of socialism in China. Compared with "new ideas and new strategies," the "new thoughts" are more extensive, inclusive and thorough. In fact, "new thoughts" include "new ideas" and "new strategies" and are demonstrated by the latter two. Presenting the new CPC Central Committee's achievements in both practical and theoretical innovations with Xi Jinping's governing thought as the guide can further promote and deepen the essence of General Secretary Xi Jinping's series of key speeches. Xi Jinping's governing thought has its historical basis, realistic basis, theoretical basis and political basis.
文摘The protection of personal information plays an extremely important role in the construction of digital government.The duty to inform is a prerequisite core obligation that the government should fulfill in processing personal information,a concrete expression of the right to self-determination of personal information,and a prerequisite for the right to protection of personal information that works as a fundamental right to defense the intrusion from the government,as well as a procedural regulatory tool to restrain the government’s information power and prevent the risk of infringement.As the rules on the processing of personal information and the duty to inform have both the nature of public law,the government’s processing of personal information is also public law in nature,especially because of the constitutional value and power control function of the duty to inform,the construction of a system for the duty to inform cannot be copied from the rules applicable to private subjects,but should be tailored to the public law characteristics of the government’s processing of personal information,overcoming the shortcomings of the current rough and fragmented legislation,and set up a systematic regulation based on the public law in term of the legal subject,procedure,content,consequences of obligation violations and legal protection.
基金Supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(12BJY031)
文摘In recent decades, with the constant progress of society, the study of ecological civilization has attracted extensive attention of scholars at home and abroad, and more in-depth research on its theory and application has been conducted. In this paper, the historical background, theoretical and realistic bases of ecological civilization were analyzed, showing that the birth and development of ecological civilization is inseparable from the historical development of human society. Then the development prospects and application fields of ecological civilization were discussed further.
文摘Tourism resources valuation is now a hot issue of the science of tourism resources, resources economics and environmental economics. This paper reviews research progresss on tourism resources valuation, introduces its theoretic basis, and elaborates two classical valuation methods： TCM and CVM. And two existing problems are discussed Firstly, tourism resources value constitution system is still under dispute. This paper puts forward the Value constitution system based on present value categories. Secondly, tourism resources valuation methods need further studies because both TCM and CVM have deficiencies. Finally, the paper points out the development direction of tourism resources valuation.
文摘In order to meet the rapid needs of processing square hole in mechanical equipment, the paper expounds the square hole processing method： planetary wheel method, and analyze the principle of tooling structure and process with computer graphics parameters design. The results that, as long as the appropriate parameters, using the above method not only can punch the square hole, can also be processed triangle, the five angle and hexagonal regular polygon holes. The square hole processing method can provide theoretical basis and engineering reliable reference for related engineering and technical personnel.
文摘Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in China from 2019 to 2023 and to explore risk factors for severe malaria cases,thereby providing a theoretical basis for early clinical identification and intervention of severe malaria.Methods:National malaria case data were retrospectively collected from 2019 to 2023 through the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Study subjects were divided into severe and non-severe malaria cases,and the characteristics of both groups were analyzed.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore risk factors for developing severe malaria.Results:From 2019 to 2023,a total of 7,892 imported malaria cases were reported nationwide,including 673 severe cases and 7,219 non-severe cases.There were 7,353(93.2%)male and 539(6.8%)female patients.Compared to non-severe malaria patients,severe malaria patients were older(43.9±10.4 years),predominantly originated from Africa(643,95.5%),had a higher frequency of recent overseas residence within the past month(609,90.5%),were typically infected with P.falciparum(527,78.3%),and had a higher mortality rate(47,7.0%).Severe cases had longer median time intervals from symptom onset to medical visit(4 days),from visit to diagnosis(2 days),and from diagnosis to treatment(2 days),and a longer median medication time(7 days),all P<0.05.Conclusions:This study identified risk factors for severe malaria and recommends focusing on monitoring patients’age,infection source,Plasmodium species,time from onset to hospital visit,and recent history of foreign residence.These findings provide a valuable reference for effectively managing malaria cases and reducing the incidence of severe malaria in the future.
基金Supported by the Three-Year Initiative Plan for Strengthening Public Health System Construction in Shanghai(2023-2025)Key Discipline Project(GWVI-11.1-12).
文摘Introduction:The Chinese government has established targets for elimination of schistosomiasis in all endemic counties by 2028.This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of schistosomiasis in China after transmission control and provide a theoretical basis for achieving the countylevel elimination goal by 2028.Methods:Provincial and county-level data on human infection,cattle reservoirs and Oncomelania hupensis snail vector distribution were collected from 2016 to 2023,to analyze the trend of schistosomiasis epidemic situation and serological positive rate.Joinpoint regression analysis was employed to analyze seropositive rate trends.Results:The number of schistosomiasis cases decreased by 49.00%,from 54,454 in 2016 to 27,772 in 2023.The 8-year average seropositive rate across provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)was 1.80%,with the highest rates observed in Yunnan(2.99%),Jiangxi(2.84%),and Hunan(2.67%)PLADs.Joinpoint analysis revealed a consistent decline in seropositive rates since 2016 and a significant inflection point was identified in 2021,indicating an acceleration in the rate of decline.No positive cattle have been detected since 2020.The total area of snail habitats exhibited a slight rebound from 356,835 square hectometers(hm^(2))in 2016 to 367,702 hm^(2) in 2023,with new habitats emerging annually,totaling 4,080 hm^(2) of newly identified habitats.Conclusions:Development of highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tools is essential,alongside intensified surveillance of wild animal reservoirs and high-risk snail habitats,to achieve the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis by 2030.
基金supported by National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine: The Seventh Batch of National Traditional Chinese Medicine Experts Academic Experience Inheritance ProjectTianjin Municipal Education Commission Scientific Research Plan Project (No. 2021KJ143)。
文摘The most common subtype of lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC), which has a poor prognosis and seriously threatens the health of human beings. The multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment model has gradually become the mainstream of NSCLC treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) can be used effectively either as an adjunctive therapy or alone throughout the NSCLC therapy,which has a significant impact on survival, quality of life, and reduction of toxicity. Therefore, this paper reviewed the theoretical basis, the latest clinical application, and combined treatment mechanisms in order to explore the advantage stage of TCM treatment and the synergistic therapeutic mechanisms.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA23040301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42071041)。
文摘The urban water system theory is an extension of the basin water system science on an urban scale, providing a new systematic solution for the unbalanced human-water relationship and severe water challenges, such as waterlogging, black and odorous water, and ecological degradation caused by urbanization. Most existing studies on urban water systems have focused on individual water cycle processes linked with water supply and sewage treatment plants, but mutual feedback between the water cycle and its associated material circulation and water ecology, as well as human processes, still needs further exploration. In this paper, the concept, theory, and technical methodology of the urban water system were developed based on the water cycle and basin water system science. The Urban Water System 5.0(UWS 5.0) model was developed by integrating the Time Variant Gain rainfall-runoff Model with Urban water system(TVGM_Urban) in different underlying surface conditions for analyzing the natural-social water cycle processes and their associated water environmental and ecological processes and the influence of multiscale sponge measures. Herein, five major simulation functions were realized: rainfall-runoff-nonpoint source pollutant load,water and pollutant transportations through the drainage network system, terminal regulation and purification, socioeconomic water cycle, and water system assessment and regulation. The location for the case study used in this paper was Wuhan City. The findings showed that the entire urban water system should consider the built-up area and its associated rivers and lakes as the research object and explore the integrations among the urban natural-social water cycle and river regulations inside and outside of the city as well as the effects of socioeconomic development and sponge measures on the water quantity-quality-ecology processes. The UWS 5.0 model efficiently simulated the urban rainfall-runoff process, total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) concentrations in water bodies, and characteristic indicators of socioeconomic development. For the rainfall-runoff simulations, the correlation coefficient and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(NSE) fall under the excellent and good classes, respectively. For the TN and TP concentration simulations, results exhibited good bias and the correlation coefficients exceeded 0.90 for 78.1% of the sampled sites. The simulation of 18 socioeconomic indicators provided excellent bias, correlation coefficient, and NSE values of 100%, 83.3%, and 69.4% to total indicators, respectively. Based on the well-calibrated UWS 5.0 model, the source sponge,artificial enhancement, and source reduction-path interception-terminal treatment measures were optimized, which considerably mitigated waterlogging, black and odorous water, and lake eutrophication, respectively. The mitigation performance revealed that the maximum inundated area for a once-in-10-year rainfall event was reduced by 32.6%, the removal ratio of the black and odorous water area was 65%, the comprehensive trophic state index of water bodies was reduced by 37%, and the green development level of Wuhan City in 2020 increased from 0.56 to 0.67. This study is expected to advance the intersection and development of multidisciplinary fields(e.g., urban hydrology, environmental science, and ecology) and offer an important theoretical and technical basis for solving urban complex water issues and promoting green development of cities.
